S-curve http://www.p3planningengineer.com/progress%20measure.

htm

PLANNING CYCLE
The following chart illustrates the general project cycle. Progress measurement is after the baseline (master
programme) is established and approved by the Client. The project progress is then to be measured based on the
baseline.

WAYS OF MEASUREMENT
There are many ways to measure the progress from different perspectives; each has its merits and shortcomings.
Agreement among all parties, especially the Client, must seek before measurement starts.

The list below is just a few often-used methods:

By time lapse (linear with time)
By quantity to be produced (no. of piles, penetration of sheet pile, concrete volume, etc)
By resource usage (manhour used Vs. time lapse)
By money spent (progress claim or certified payment Vs. time lapse)
By weightage (agreed weightage Vs. time lapse)

WEIGHTAGE – A COMPREHENSIVE INDEX FOR PROGRESS MEASUREMENT

The preferred way is the “weightage” – the artificial figure assigned to activities (under P3 resource), for which we
can determine the overall balance of different aspects of a project. In other words, activities taking more time to
complete, or requiring more manhour, or huge sum of money incurred to achieve the event, shall be assigned more
weightages. In actual work, the original duration can be initially used as the weightage and then adjusted later on.

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Example 1: The major area of work is assigned the weightage (total weightage shall be 100%). Completion percent
times the weightage is the earned weightage. Total earned weightage is the measurement of the project progress.

Example 2: Major trades of work is assigned the weightage (the figure is immaterial. The importance is the
proportion among all trades). The weightage of a trade over time period is determined by the programme. The
distribution may consider some standard distribution pattern.

EARNED VALUE
Earned Value=Completion percent as of report date x Original value.
“Value” can be:
Duration
Quantity
Efforts made (man-hour)
Payment (money)
Weightage

S CURVE – CUMULATIVE EARNED VALUE AGAINSET PROJECT PERIOD

S curve is just the graphic representative of the cumulative earned value against the time lapsed. The earned value
curve, for a typical project, shall travel between the early and late planned curve, indicating the progress is on the
track

From the S curve one can technically measure how much the progress is ahead or delay

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From the S curve, one can technically measure how much the progress is ahead or delay.

PROGRESS LINKING PAYMENT

Traditionally, the payment is based on itemized BQ. The shortcoming of this way is that BQ does not reflect the site
progress directly. BQ and site sequence of work do not align the same way.

To solve the problem, cost can be input into P3 baseline. If the cost is assigned to an activity (under data->cost),
the programme becomes the so-called cost loaded bar chart. Though each activity is not one-to-one pointing to the
BQ item, the Level 4 heading under P3 can be rolled up (sum of earned value) and mapped to BQ item. The other
way is using the costing coding (customized item under P3) to link the activity to BQ. See an example below (CTS is
the customized coding system for linking the activity to BQ).

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