ECO-FRIENDLY

PRE- TREATMENT PROCESS

OUTLINE

Background
• Textile Wet Processing
–Desizing
–Scouring
–Bleach Clean Up
BACKGROUND

√ Increasing awareness for a cleaner and

greener living standards
√ Enforcement of stricter guidelines and
rulings
√from various associations and Government
bodies
√ Challenges faced by Textile Dyeing
companies around the world alike
TEXTILE WET PROCESS

desizing scouring

dyeing bleaching

soaping finishing

Garment
DESIZING
DESIZING

Removal of starch used as size during weaving to

prevent unleveled dyeing and poor batch-to-batch
reproducibility
Traditional Desizing Methods
– Acidic: Sulphuric or hydrochloric acid
– Oxidative: Persulphate plus alkali or bromite and
alkali
These treatments reduce the tensile strength of the
fabric
DESIZING

Desizing with biocatalyst

• Advantages:
– LESS chemicals involved
– ECO-FRIENDLY
– EFFICIENT in wide range temperature
– Specific, NO damage to cellulose fibres
– BETTER strength retention
– SOFTER fabric feel
– SHORTER process time
HYDROLYSIS

HYDROLYSIS

Mechanism:
– Biocatalyst hydrolyzes α-1,4-linkages in starch
TEST FOR DEGREE OF DESIZING

TEGEWA-Violet scale

– Tegewa Scale
SCOURING
SCOURING

•Removal of impurities such as

– Waxes – Hemicelluloses
– Pectins – Mineral salts
•from raw cotton during the early stages
of textile wet processing
• Prepares fabric for subsequent
treatments
– Mercerizing – Printing
– Bleaching ,dyeing – Finishing
i

t
c
a
F

u
n
p
b
ri

Alkaline scouring

Bioscouring
No neutralization
At low alkalinity

Neutralization

W ashing

dyeing
SCOURING

Advantages of bioscouring:
– ECO-FRIENDLY (less harsh
chemical – caustic soda)
– LESS rinse water needed
– REDUCE effluent load
– REDUCE water consumption
– SAVE energy
– SAVE cost
– Fully RETAIN cellulose structure
WETTING TEST
Measurement Bioscouring Alkaline scouring

pH 8 – 9.5 13-14
Temperature 50 – 60 oC 95 – 100 oC
Residual pectin 22-30% 10-15%
Weight loss <1.5% 4-10%
Wettablility, drop test < 1 second < 1 second
Brightness increase + 1-5% points + 5 -10% points
Bleach ability Same Same
Dye ability Same Same
Rinse water consume 35-50% 100%
TDS 20-50% 100%
BOD 20-45% 100%
COD 20-45% 100%
Energy Saving Alkaline Bioscouring
Scouring
Base temp. (oC) 30 30
ScouringTemp.(oC) 95 60
Temp. differential (oC) 65 30
Steam required / 1 tonne water 185.71 85.71
Total steam required (ton) 26 12
Total steam cost / day $410.80 $189.60
Steam cost saving / year2 - $66,360
Fabric Saving Alkaline Scouring Bioscouring

Total fabric weight lost (%) 4-10% <1.5

Total fabric weight lost / 8003 3004

day(kg)
Total weight lost cost / day $800 $300
BLEACH CLEAN UP
BLEACH CLEAN UP

BLEACHING

Removal of H2O2 residual to ensure leveled dyeing

• Bleach Clean Up Alternatives
– By rinsing only
BY REDUCTIVE AGENT

REDU RINSI
BLEA DYEIN
RINSI CTIVE
CHIN
NG AGEN G
G NG
T
WITH BIOCATALYST

DYEING
Biocatalys

RINSING

BLEAC
HING
BLEACH CLEAN
UP

• Advantages of using biocatalyst:

– SAVE water
• No rinsing required. Can proceed in the same
bath with dyeing process
– SAVE energy
• No more hot rinse, cold rinse, hot rinse…
– SAVE time
• As short as 10 min to complete the job!
– SAFE
• H2O2 complete removal without affecting
dyestuff or textile materials
BLEACH CLEAN
UP
BLEACH CLEAN
UP
BLEACH CLEAN
UP
CONCLUSION

The objective of this study was to develop process to

desize,bleach and dye starch-sized cotton fabrics with new
develop specific enzyme
Because these enzyme having advantages of easy handling eco
friendly and storage when compared to other chemicals.
It is expected that development in biotechnology would assist
the application of enzymes in textile industry…
REFERENCE

Coloration technology
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