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2k7-MRCE-ECE-069
1G
2G
3G
4G
AMPS(Advanced Mobile Phone System)
example:
216.37.129.9 , 79.23.178.229 , 65.198.2.10 ,
192.168.5.120
home care-of mobile IP local network
address address address address
HAPS Satellite
Services
Bluetooth
Care-ofMobile
Add. IP Add. WLAN
UMTS
Content
ADSL
Home Add.
Care-of Add.
WCDMA Direct Sequence
TDMA OFDM
OFDM Unspecified TD- Frequency
FDD TDD
CDMA Hopping
Low cost.
Scalability of mobile networks (>10 times the capacity
of 3G).
A single physical terminal with
multiple interfaces to access
the different wireless networks
Advantages:
Improve call completion
Expand coverage area
Reliable coverage in case of
network, link or switch
failure
Disadvantages:
Complexity in the hardware
of the device
Handoff Mechanism:
Performed by the user, device
or network
3G (including 2.5G) 4G
Major Requirement Driving Predominantly voice driven - Converged data and voice over IP
Architecture data was always add on
Network Architecture Wide area cell-based Hybrid - Integration of Wireless LAN
(WiFi, Bluetooth) and wide area
Speeds 384 Kbps to 2 Mbps 20 to 100 Mbps in mobile mode
Frequency Band Dependent on country or Higher frequency bands (2-8 GHz)
continent (1800-2400 MHz)
Bandwidth 5-20 MHz 100 MHz (or more)
Switching Design Basis Circuit and Packet All digital with packetized voice
Access Technologies W-CDMA, 1xRTT, Edge OFDM and MC-CDMA (Multi Carrier
CDMA)
Forward Error Correction Convolution rate 1/2, 1/3 Concatenated coding scheme
Component Design Optimized antenna design, multi-band adapters Smarter
multi-band adapters Antennas, software multiband and
wideband radios
From : www.mobileinfo.com
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