SCADA - DISTRIBUTION

AUTOMATION

ENGR. ALEJANDRO G. GUICO, JR.

Manager, SCADA Construction
Manila Electric Company

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 Presentation Outline
1. Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition
(SCADA)
• Functions, Benefits, Applications
• Master Station
• Substation SCADA
2. Feeder SCADA Extension
• Design of SCADA
• Feeder SCADA
3. Distribution Automation (DA)
• DAS Master Station Advance Applications
• DAS Master Station Impact on Customer
Satisfaction
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 Presentation Outline
4. Manpower Competency Requirements to
Support Distribution Automation
• Competency Overview
• Distribution Automation Foundational Disciplines
5. Question & Answer

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 What is SCADA?

A Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System is a

two-way computerized system for real-time control,
monitoring and supervision of remote devices; typically from
a continuously manned, central location.
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 What is SCADA?
• A Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA)
System performs the traditional supervisory functions
such as the gathering of data and performance of
control functions.
• SCADA provides system operators with state of the art
tools for a well-informed decision in operating remote
substations.
• System operators are able to focus-in on problem
areas quickly because real time data is summarized in
integrated displays.
• The high data security/accuracy inherent in the
system, allows operators to make decisions and take
corrective action with utmost confidence.
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 Basic Functions of SCADA
• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory and Logging
• Control
• Report Generation
• Disturbance Trend Logging

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 Benefits derived from SCADA
• Reduced Operating Cost
• Improved Quality of System Performance
• Enhanced System Efficiency
• Enhanced System Security
• Complete, timely, accurate and organized
surveillance of system conditions
• Reduced costs of system expansion
• Up-to-date reports and statistics

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 Applications of SCADA
• Power and Energy
- National Power Corporation(NPC) ; MERALCO
• Oil and Gas
- Oil refineries; Gas pipelines
• Railway
- LRT
• Water
- MAYNILAD

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 Electric Power Distribution System

February 7, 2007 8th IIEE-CSC Annual National Student Convention 9

 Electric Power Distribution System

Generation – is the process by which

fuels (natural gas, coal, oil, nuclear fuel,
etc.) or renewable sources of energy
(hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, etc.) are
converted into electrical energy.

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 Electric Power Distribution System

Transmission – is the process by

which the generated electricity is
moved in bulk from the generation
plant to the wholesale purchaser.

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 Electric Power Distribution System

Distribution – is the process of

delivering the power from the wholesale
purchaser to the retail consumer.

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 Electric Power Distribution System

Substations – connect the

transmission system to the distribution
system. They are critical junctions and
switching points in the electric system.

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 Electric Power Distribution System

Individual services or "drops"

connect the distribution system to
the customer--industrial, commercial,
agricultural or residential.

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 Design of Existing SCADA System
FUNCTIONALITY:
•Control
SCADA
Master •Metering
Station
•Basic Alarm Processing

Communication Channel

Substation SCADA
Substation SCADA

RTU
Substation RTU
Substation

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 Master Station Functionality

• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Recording
• Alarm Annunciation and
Handling

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 Master Station Functionality

Monitoring of analog
values and status
• Data Acquisition associated with substation
equipment
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Recording
• Alarm Annunciation and
Handling

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 Master Station Functionality

Substation Equipment
Transformers
• Data Acquisition Circuit Breakers Bus
Disconnect Switches
• Supervisory Control Transmission/Distribution
Lines
• Event Logging and Remote Reclosers
Capacitor Banks
• Alarm Annunciation Intelligent Electronic Devices
Handling Substation Battery
Communication UPS

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 Master Station Functionality

• Data Acquisition Remote Control of

substation equipment
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Recording
• Alarm Annunciation and
Handling

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 Master Station Functionality

• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control Logging of
monitored
• Event Logging and Recording system
events and
• Alarm Annunciation and operator
actions
Handling

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 Master Station Functionality

• Data Acquisition
• Supervisory Control
• Event Logging and Record Audible and
visual
• Alarm Annunciation and alarming for
Handling abnormal
conditions

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 Substation SCADA
Linkage to Electric Facilities
Switchgear

Analog Alarms/Indication Digital

(Transducers) (Relays) (Relays) Substation Equipment
IEDs Transformers
Circuit Breakers
Bus
Disconnect Switches
Transmission/Distribution
Lines
Remote Reclosers
Capacitor Banks
RTU/Data Intelligent Electronic Devices
Concentrator Substation Battery
Communication UPS
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 Substation SCADA
Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)
Components
• Processor Module
• Power Supply Module
• Modem
• Analog Input Module
• Digital Input Module
• Control Output Module
• Pulse Counter Module
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 Substation SCADA
Remote Terminal Unit (RTU)
Components
• Interposing Relays
• Transducers

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 Substation SCADA
Meter IEDs – Analog Modules & Transducers
Equivalent
• For real-time measurement of electrical
power
• Volts, Amps, Frequency, KW, KVAR,
KVA, KWH, KVAH, KVARH, PF, %THD,
K-Factor, & min/max demand for every
instantaneous value.

• Provides a complete harmonic power

quality analysis.
• It could replace transducers and
analog input modules in the RTU

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 Communication Facilities

Communications
Channel
Microwave
MAS Radio
Telephone Cable
Fiber Optic
Cable
Satellite

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 Feeder SCADA Extension
• Design of SCADA
• Feeder SCADA
– Remote Controlled Line Switch
– Remote Controlled Circuit Recloser
– Remote Controlled Line Capacitor
– Outage Detector
• Impact of Feeder SCADA

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 SCADA System – With Extended
Functionality

SCADA
Master
Station

Feeder SCADA
Communication Channel

Substation SCADA DA Devices

(RCLS, RCCR, RCLC,
RCVR)

Customer SCADA (Optional)

AMR/IED
RTU/SCS/
Substation
Data Concentrator
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 Feeder SCADA
Feeder SCADA Devices
Remote-Controlled Line Switch
Communication & Control Unit :
It provides the interface between the switch and the
master station computer

Remote-Controlled Line Recloser

Microprocessor-based Recloser Control:
It provides operational intelligence for the line
recloser

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 Feeder SCADA
Feeder SCADA Devices
Capacitor Controller

It provides complete control of single step, switched

capacitor racks in the electric power distribution systems.

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What is Distribution Automation(DA)?
A Distribution Automation System enables a utility to
monitor, coordinate, operate and control distribution
systems (system generation, substations, feeders, and
distribution load) in a real-time mode from remote
locations.
Without DA, utilities will do the same tasks manually
through system operators and field crews.
DA functions address inherent needs of the electric
system. Thus, they outlive changes in technology.
However, DA devices are affected by changes in
technology.

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 SCADA-DA System
1. Substation SCADA

2. Feeder SCADA

3. Forced Outage Management

4. Planned Outage Management

5. Real-time Distribution Operation

Analysis

6. Voltage/VAR Control

7. Distribution System Alarm Processing

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 Impact on Customer Satisfaction
edu led
S c h
n ic a tes s
mmu p t io n
Co Interr
u

Service Reliability
Voltage Quality Fast Response and Customer Oriented
Problems/Complaint Resolved
Safeness of Facilities Satisfactorily
Accurate Meter Reading Ease of Access via telephone
Fast Response to Inquiries/
Reliability in Handling Emergencies
Complaints
DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION

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 Manpower Competency
Requirements

• Competency Overview
• Distribution Automation Foundational
Disciplines

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 Distribution Automation
Foundational Disciplines

Distribution Automation Core

Power System Operation

Telecommunication

Information Technology

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 References
1. Utility Consulting International (UCI), “Long-Term Plan on Supervisory
Control and Data Acquisition, and Telecommunication Systems for the
Manila Electric Company”, December 1996.
2. SCADA Office, “An Executive Summary of UCI’s Recommendation on
MERALCO’s SCADA and DA Systems”, Manila Electric Company,
April 1997.
3. M. C. Mendiola, “Distribution Automation: A Strategic Option for
Electric Distribution Utilities in the Restructured and Deregulated
Environment”, Master of Science in Business Economics (MBE) Thesis,
University of Asia & the Pacific (UA&P), Philippines, May 1999.
• SCADA Office, “Impact of Distribution Automation System (DAS)
Master Station Advanced Functions on Technical System Loss,
Unserved Energy and System Capacity Requirements”, Manila Electric
Company, January 2000.

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 t u r e
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