Properties of Area Elements

Notation: C = centroid r = radius x = x centroid location y = y centroid location x', y' = centroidal axes A = area P = perimeter Ix = area moment of inertia about the x axis Iy = area moment of inertia about the y axis Ix' = area moment of inertia about the x' axis Iy ' = area moment of inertia about the y' axis Circle
y, y' r C x' x

x =0 y=r A = r2 P = 2 r x =0 4r y= 3 A = 1 r2 2 P = r (2 + )

5 I x = 4 r4

I x' = I y' = 1 r 4 4

Semicircular Area
y, y' r C x' x

I x = I y = I y' = 1 r4 8 I x' = 9 2 64 4 r 72

Quarter circular Area

y y' C x' r x

x=y=

4r 3 A = 1 r2 4

1 I x = I y = 16 r 4

I x' = I y' =

P = r (2 + 1 ) 2 2r sin 3 y=0
2

9 2 64 4 r 144

Circular Sector Area

y y' C r x, x'

x=

I x = I x ' = 1 r 4 ( 1 sin( 2 )) 4 2 I y = 1 r 4 ( + 1 sin( 2 )) 4 2 I y ' = 1 r 4 ( + 1 sin( 2 )) 4 2 4 r 4 sin 2 ( ) 9

A = r P = 2r (1 + )

Circular Segment Area

y, y' C r x x'

x =0 y= 2 r sin 3 3( sin cos )

I x = 1 r 4 ( + 2 sin 3 cos 4 sin cos ) I y = I y' =

1 12

A = r 2 ( sin cos ) P = 2 r ( + sin ) x =0

b

r 4 (3 2 sin 3 cos 3 sin cos )

Ellipse

y, y'

y=0
x, x'

I x = 1 a b3 4 I y = 1 ba 3 4

C a

A = ab

Rectangle
y y'

x = 1b 2 y = 1h 2
x' x

I x = 1 bh 3 3 I y = 1 h b3 3
1 I x ' = 12 bh 3 1 I y ' = 12 h b3

C b

A = bh P = 2bh h 2a + b 3 a+b A = 1 h ( a + b) 2 y=

Trapezoid
y a h C b x' x y'
1 I x = 12 h 3 (3a + b)

I x' =

h 3 ( a 2 + 4ab + b 2 ) 36(a + b)

Triangle
y c y'

x = 1 (b + c ) 3 y = 1h 3 A = 1 bh 2
x

1 I x = 12 b h 3 1 I y = 12 bh(b2 + bc + c 2 )

C b

x'

I x' = I y' =

1 36 1 36

b h3 bh (b 2 bc + c 2 )

Right Triangle
y y'

x = 1b 3 y = 1h 3 A = 1 bh 2

Ix = Iy = I x' = I y' =

1 12 1 12 1 36 1 36

b h3 b 3h b h3 b 3h

C b

x' x

P = b + h + b2 + h 2

Quarter-circle spandrel
y r C x' y'

x=

2r 3(4 ) (10 3 ) y= r 3( 4 )

A = r2 1 r2 4 P = 2r + 1 r 2

5 4 I x = 1 r 16 1 Iy = r 4 3 16

Parabolic semisegment
y y'

x y = b 1 2 a
2

3 x = 8a

y= b
2 5

A = 2 ab 3

C a y

x' x

16 3 ab 105 2 I y = ba 3 15 Ix =

Parabolic spandrel
y'

3 x = 4a 3 y = 10 b

y=

b 2 x a2
b C a x x'

A = 1 ab 3

ab3 21 ba 3 Iy = 5 Ix =