GLASS & CERAMICS

Glass is made of sand

Ceramics are made of clay

MAJOR COMPONENT OF GLASS

Silica SiO2

4 TYPES OF GLASS
1) Fused glass 2) Soda-lime glass 3) Borosilicate Glass

4) Lead Crystal Glass

FUSED GLASS
HIGHLY HEAT-RESISTANT EXPENSIVE GREAT PURITY GREAT OPTICAL TRANSPARENCY HIGH TEMPERATURE AND CHEMICAL DURABILITY THERMAL SHOCK RESISTANT

SODA LIME GLASS

(made by heating sand with CaCO3 or Na2CO3) Easy to melt and shape Good chemical durability High thermal expansion Do not withstand heat

B O RO S I L I C A T E G L A S S / PYREX
(made of soda lime glass+ B2O3 , boron oxide) Lower thermal expansion coeeficient Heat resistant Chemical resistant

LEAD CRY STAL GLASS

soft and easy to melt
Expensive

High refractive index

High optical transparency

CERAMICS
(made of clay like kaolin) Clay pots Bricks Tiles

Mugs

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Can withstand heat Do not melt easily Very hard Brittle chemically inert High melting point

Good electrical and heat insulator

TYPES OF MODERN CERAMICS

Photochromic glass

Conducting glass
Glass ceramics

TYPES OF MODERN CERAMICS

Bioceramics superconductor

GLASS VS CERAMICS
Glass transparent Sand
Poor heat insulator Hard and brittle Do no conduct electricity Cannot be compressed Chemical resistant Heat resistant

Ceramics Opaque Clay

Good heat insulator Hard and brittle Do no conduct electricity Cannot be compressed Chemical Resistant Very high heat resistant