(17) Theme and New in Written English

Serman Prayogi 082084040

Peter H. Fries

 Teachers often experience difficulties explaining to students how they should order the information in their sentences.

Theme >> the point of departure of the clause as message. New >> Information Focus >> the information which is being presented as newsworthy.

Both Native English Speaking and non-native English speaking students have difficulty ordering the words in their sentences.
1. They left their examinations on the table yesterday. 2. Yesterday, they left their examinations on the table. Both are describing the same thing, but are different on the way they are presented.

1. They left their examinations on the table yesterday. 2. Yesterday, they left their examinations on the table. We can say that yesterday receives focal attention in sentence 1, while on the table receives focal attention in sentence 2. And the words They and Yesterday serve an orienting function they set up a context in which the remainder of the sentence is to be interpreted. [They and Yesterday >> Theme]

Halliday defines thematic structure primarily for the clause, but makes it clear that other units such as clause complexes also have thematic structures. Thematic status is signaled in English by initial position in the clause or clause complex. If he brings the car, we can use it. If he brings the car, we can use it. If he brings the car >> Theme 1 he and we >> Theme 2

Classroom Applications We can apply this for teaching reading and writing. this is relevant in three ways: 1. There is the obvious one of helping students become sensitive to what they write. Take a look at page 240. 2. A focus on how text is constructed can help learners become better readers and writers. 3. We can also suggest to the students that advertising can be taken as effective seriously.

Advertising application We can apply this for making a good advertisement. Written advertising appears to be good place to explore the hypotheses, since much of the written advertising is constructed to read as if it were spoken. We have to be focused on the use of word order in the text for emphasizing what are the actual goals we want the readers get from our advertisement. Take a look at pages 234 & 235.

Thank You