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Emergency Quota Act (1921) A law passed by Congress to limit the number of immigrants who could come to the U.S. each year.

The Palmer Raids were led by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. Palmer Raids In the 1920s the U.S. government arrested 4,000 Americans who were suspected of being communists.

Some of the people arrested in the Palmer Raids were deported.

The purpose of these "Red Raids" was to arrest and deport so-called dangerous foreigners before they could bring about a violent revolution in America. (Communism)

Many believed that the Palmer raids were illegal because they violated the Constitution. (Government agents violated "due process of law" mentioned in the Constitution)

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was founded in 1866.

In the 1920s, the KKK used threats, violence and lynching to deny rights.

Who was a target? Immigrants, Catholics, Jews, blacks and organized labor(employees who are represented by a labor union.)

The lynching of Leo Frank, a Jewish factory manager.

Four young African American girls were killed attending Sunday School when a bomb planted by the Ku Klux Klan exploded during service.

Founded in February 12, 1909 in New York City by:

Rosa Parks

William W.E.B Du Henry Oswalker Mary Archibald Ida B. Wells English Bois Moskowitz Garrison White Grimke Walling Villard Ovington

Created to work for the abolition of segregation and discrimination in housing, education, employment, voting, and transportation. To oppose racism To ensure African Americans their constitutional rights. Also helped other races.

The ACLU's work is sustained by over 500,000 members and supporters who play an active role in defending freedom.

Defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties that the Constitution and laws of the United States guarantee everyone in this country.