1.

Diagram 2 shows the result of an experiment to study the effect of humidity on microorganisms
growth

a) State the hypothesis of the experiment? b) What is the observation from the experiment? b) State the inference from the experiment? c) State the variables in this experiment i) manipulated variable: ii) responding variable: iii) constant variable: 2. Table 1 shows the result of an experiment to study the effect of temperature on the number of microbes in river water. The pH value of the river water was kept constant at 7 and the number of bacteria colonies were measured after 30 minutes at different temperatures. .Temperature (C) Number of bacteria colonies

10 20 30 40 50 60

Beginning of experiment 10 10 10 10 10 10 TABLE 1

After 30 minutes 12 14 20 15 10 5

a) Plot a graph of the number of bact s against the temperature b) State the hypothesis of the experiment? c) What is the relationship between the number of bacteria colonies and temperature? d) State the inference from the experiment? e) State the variables in this experiment i) manipulated variable: ii) responding variable: iii) constant variable:

3. Diagram 3 shows the experiment to study the factors that affect growth of microorganisms

Test tubes P,Q and R are kept at room temperatures. After 48 hours, the content of each test tube was observed and recorded as shown in the table below. Test tube

P Q R

Observation Clear Clear

Cloudy

(a) State one inference based on the observation in test tube R. (b) State the hypothesis of the experiment Which test tube has the highest growth rate of microorganisms? (d) State one way to keep the constant variable 4. .

Figure 2 shows an experiment carried out to study the effect of penicillin on growth.

bacterial

Three penicillin discs P1, P2 and P3, with different concentrations are placed on the nutrient agar surface. The petri dish is incubated upside down at 37 oC. After two days, a clear area is formed around each disc. The diameter of the clear area is measured and recorded in Table 2.

Penicillin disc Diameter of the clear area/cm

P1 1.5 TABLE 2

P2 2.4

P3 2.0

(a)

Using Table 2, which disc has the highest concentration of penicillin?

(b) What is the hypothesis of this experiment? (c) State one method to fix the controlled variable in this experiment (d) Penicillin is an antibiotic. State the meaning of antibiotic, based on this experiment (operational definition (e) W, X, Y and Z are micro-organisms

Classify W, X, Y and Z using the following characteristics. Can be destroy by penicillin Cannot be destroyed by penicillin Complete the table below to show your answer.

5. Diagram 4 shows five different microorganisms.

a) Identify the class of microorganisms b) Which of these microorganisms can make their own food? c) Name a disease which is caused by microorganism K d) Which microorganism is inactive outside its living host cells? (e) i) State one industrial use of microorganism N. ii) How do the organisms N reproduce? 6. The graph shows the level of immunity of a man.

(a) What type of immunity does the graph show?

b) Why is this immunity required? c) What is the substance use in the injection? d) Why is the second injection needed? e) Match the immunity and action correctly. .

1.Natural Active Immunity 3. Artificial l Active Immunity

2. Natural Passive Immunity 4. Artificial Passive Immunity

No 1 2 3 4 5 6

Action
Give vaccination From mother to the baby through placneta Acquired after recovering from infection Injection of prepared antibodies Injection of weakened and mild pathogen Gained by newborn infant

Immunity

Essay question 1. Study the following statement .

Nutrient can affect the growth of bacteria

You are given nutrient broth, plain broth and cultured bacteria.

(a) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statement.

[1m] (b) Describe an experiment to test your hypothesis in (a) based on the following criteria

Aim of the experiment Identification of variables List of apparatus and materials

[1m] [1m] [2m]

Procedure Tabulation of data

[4m] [1m]