Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Coke Oven Gas
Coke Oven Gas
1 Ammonia removal
More modern processes for ammonia removal include the water wash process in which the coke oven gas is scrubbed by water, which dissolves the ammonia, along with some hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen cyanide. The resulting scrubbing solution is pumped to an ammonia still where steam is used to strip out the ammonia. The ammonia vapors from the still can be processed to form ammonium sulfate similar to the processes described above, condensed to form a strong ammonia solution, incinerated or catalytically converted to nitrogen and hydrogen which are then recycled back into the coke oven gas. The incineration of the ammonia vapors is usually not an option in areas where environmental laws restrict the emission of NOx and sulfur dioxide. Another process for ammonia removal from coke oven gas is the PHOSAM process developed by US Steel. This process absorbs the ammonia from the coke oven gas using a solution of monoammonium phosphate. The process produces saleable anhydrous ammonia.
Have been developed whereby higher centrifugal forces are exerted on dust particles in a gas stream. Improvement in dust separation efficiency has been obtained by 1) increasing velocities through a cyclone shape dust collector, 2) utilizing a skimmer or other design feature, 3) using a number of small diameter cyclones in parallel and 4) placing units in series in some unusual applications. - Dry Type Dynamic Precipitators In this collector, dust is precipitated by centrifugal force on to specially shaped blades on an exhauster wheel and then conveyed through a dust circuit in the fan casing to the dust storage hopper. - Louver Type Dust Collectors Centrifugal forces can be applied to a particle by a rapid change in direction of air flow by series of plates set at an angle to the air stream. Coarse particles traverse the air stream and will project back to the dirty air side by the forces that can be produced from such an impact. - Settling Chambers Dust is ettled out in a large chamber when conveying velocities are reduced to the point where the particles are no longer conveyed. Extreme space requirements and the presence of edde currents to nullify the effective velocity mean that settling chamber type of dust collectors can be used only for removal of extremely coarse particles. - Potable Unit Collectors To fill the need for dust collection from isolated, portable or frequently relocated dust producing operations, a number of unit collector designs are availbale having capacities in the range of 200 to 1,000 CFM. Featuring small space and designed to recirculate the air, collectors of this type have been used extensively, especially in the metal working industry. A stationary Cyclone Type Dust Collector is one of the most popular choices for industrial users due to it low initial cost and simple maintenance. Cyclone dust collector provides a simple and economical means to most medium to coarse dust collection applications. The centrifugal action and gravitational forces are the basic plinciples of its operatrion. The dust laden air enters the dust collector through ahigh velocity inlet forcing the dust particles to the collector wall in spiral motion. This, together with gravitational pull, forces the concentrated dust downward and out of the dust outlet, while the cleaned air travels upward via the inner vortex and out the air outlet on the top side of the dust collector.
Cyclone dustcatcher: The existing dust catcher has to be replaced by a high efficiency ,bifurcated entry axial cyclone complete with replacable
quide vanes ,dust flow cones,nuclear level sensing device, bifurcated outlet nozzle and a dust hopper sized for 1.5 days of storage capacity. 3 The existing bischoff scrubber was replaced by with a new annular scrubber capable of handling the gas volumes and particulateloading associated with the 15% productivity increase .
4.Automatic dust dump 4.Dry type dust removal system.The generation of the electrical
powerby the top pressure recovery turbine increased by 4.5kWh/t(about 11%) and the running cost of the BF gas heater and other will reduced. 5 electric ignitor
7. Process for treating a mud produced during gas scrubbing in a blast furnace
A process for treating mud produced during gas scrubbing in a blast furnace comprises decanting water from the mud to produce a mud concentrate which is still free flowing and adding a reducible carbon additive to the concentrate. The resultant mixture is passed to a rotary tube furnace where it is dried and then heat treated at a temperature of 900 C. to 1300 C. so as to ensure agglomeration, volatilization of zinc and lead and at least partial reduction of iron oxides in the mixture. After discharge and cooling, the material from the furnace is added to charge material for iron making.
9. The old insulation of steam pipe lines was made of with Cement coating , due to aging effect
it was broken at many places and its efficiency was reduced. This insulation was replaced with insulation and Aluminium sheet cover. This has resulted in heat loss saving.
10. Since outlet gas from second venturi contains lot of moisture, the gas is taken in the cyclonic separator for removal of moisture. 11. Seal pots with sufficient dip length are provided at the bottom of the quencher, venturi and cyclonic separator to prevent gas leakage.
12. There are various digitally operated valves and pumps at various stages of gas cleaning process that can be directly operated by logically programming the PLC. The analog controllers can be used to open and close the septum valves and also it can be used for adjusting the venturi throat according to the pressure ranges. 13.