IEC 61850 Communication Networks and Systems In Substations:

An Overview for Users

Drew Baigent GE Multilin Markham, Ontario Mark Adamiak GE Multilin King of Prussia, PA Ralph Mackiewicz SISCO, Inc. Sterling Heights, MI

SIPSEP 2004
Monterrey, Nuevo Len, Mxico Mircoles 10 de Noviembre, 2004

IEC61850 and UCA2

GOAL: One International Standard

IEC 61850

IEC61850 Substation Architecture

Station Bus - 10/100/1000 MB Ethernet

Relay(s) Subscribe to Datasets

Relay IED

Relay IED Process Bus .1/1/10GB Ethernet

Relay IED

Remote Access

MU Publishes V/I/Status Datasets

Network

Clk1

MU

MU

MU

Clk2

PT1 I/O Optical PT2 I/O CT2 CT MU = Merging Unit

Optical I/O Optical PT CT

IEC61850 Standard
Basic principles Glossary Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 Part 6 Part 7

General Requirements System and project management

Communication requirements

Substation Automation System Configuration Basic Communication Structure Part 8

Mapping to MMS and Ethernet

Sampled Measured Values

Mapping to Ethernet

Part 9

Conformance testing

Part 10

IEC61850 Primary Parts

Part 6-1: Substation Configuration Language (SCL) Part 7-2: Abstract Communications Service Interface (ACSI) and base types

Part 7-3: Common Data Classes (CDC)

Part 7-4: Logical Nodes Part 8-1: Specific Communications Service Mappings (SCSM) - MMS & Ethernet Part 9-2: SCSM - Sampled Values over Ethernet Part 10-1: Conformance Testing

IEC61850 Class Model

Name
ObjectName ObjectReference SERVER

Physical Device: access by network address

Enables data from multiple devices to be aggregated into a single physical device (data concentrator)

1 1..*

LOGICAL-DEVICE

1 1..*

LOGICAL-NODE

1 1..*

DATA

1 1..*

DataAttribute

Logical Nodes
A named grouping of data and associated services that is logically related to some power system function.

dddXCBR1
Logical Node Instance # Logical Node Name per IEC 61850-7-4 (breaker) Optional Application Specific Prefix

IEC61850-7-4 Logical Nodes

Name
Axxx Cxxx Gxxx Ixxx Lxxx Mxxx Pxxx Rxxx Sxxx Txxx Xxxx Yxxx Zxxx Wxxx Oxxx Hxxx Nxxx Bxxx Fxxx

Description
Automatic Control (4). ATCC (tap changer), AVCO (volt. ctrl.), etc. Supervisory Control (5). CILO (Interlocking), CSWI (switch ctrl), etc. Generic Functions (3). GGIO (generic I/O), etc. Interfacing/Archiving (4). IARC (archive), IHMI (HMI), etc. System Logical Nodes (2). LLN0 (common), LPHD (Physical Device) Metering & Measurement (8). MMXU (meas.), MMTR (meter.), etc. Protection (28). PDIF, PIOC, PDIS, PTOV, PTOH, PTOC, etc. Protection Related (10). RREC (auto reclosing), RDRE (disturbance).. Sensors, Monitoring (4). SARC (archs), SPDC (partial discharge), etc. Instrument Transformer (2). TCTR (current), TVTR (voltage) Switchgear (2). XCBR (breaker), XCSW (switch) Power Transformer (4). YPTR (transformer), YPSH (shunt), etc. Other Equipment (15). ZCAP (cap ctrl), ZMOT (motor), etc. Wind (Set aside for other standards) Solar (Set aside for other standards) Hydropower (Set aside for other standards) Power Plant (Set aside for other standards) Battery (Set aside for other standards) Fuel Cells (Set aside for other standards)

Logical Node Description - XCBR

SPS

Common Data Class Data Name

Mandatory/Optional Description

Single Point Status (SPS) CDC

(e.g. loc)

stVal

Attribute Name Type

Functional Constraint

Range of Values

Mandatory/ Optional

Object Name Structure

Relay1/XCBR1$ST$Loc$stVal
Attribute

Data Functional Constraint Logical Node Logical Device

ACSI
Abstract Communications Service Interface

Defines a set of Objects Defines a set of Services to manipulate and access those objects Defines a base set of data types for describing objects

ACSI Objects
ACSI Object Class (7-2)
SERVER class LOGICAL DEVICE class LOGICAL NODE class DATA class DATA-SET class SETTING-GROUP-CONTROL-BLOCK class REPORT-CONTROL-BLOCK class LOG class LOG-CONTROL-BLOCK class GOOSE-CONTROL-BLOCK class GSSE-CONTROL-BLOCK class CONTROL class Files

MMS Object (8-1)

Virtual Manufacturing Device (VMD) Domain Named Variable Named Variable Named Variable List Named Variable Named Variable Journal Named Variable Named Variable Named Variable Named Variable Files

ACSI Services
ACSI Services (7-2) LogicalDeviceDirectory GetAllDataValues GetDataValues SetDataValues GetDataDirectory GetDataDefinition GetDataSetValues SetDataSetValues CreateDataSet DeleteDataSet GetDataSetDirectory Report (Buffered and Unbuffered) GetBRCBValues/GetURCBValues SetBRCBValues/SetURCBValues GetLCBValues SetLCBValues QueryLogByTime QueryLogAfter GetLogStatusValues Select SelectWithValue Cancel Operate Command-Termination MMS Services (8-1) GetNameList Read Read Write GetNameList GetVariableAccessAttributes Read Write CreateNamedVariableList DeleteNamedVariableList GetNameList InformationReport Read Write Read Write ReadJournal ReadJournal GetJournalStatus Read/Write Read/Write Write Write Write

Enable Self Describing Devices

Reporting Features
Unbuffered Reporting is equivalent to UCA2 reports
Buffered reporting enables the server to retain data if associations are lost enabling the client to retrieve ALL data.

Relay-Relay Messaging
GSSE:
Generic Substatation Status Event 128 status bit pairs InformationReport

GOOSE:
Generic Object Oriented Substation Event Data set containing named values and status Ethernet Multicast Address

OSI Connectionless Non-Routable Profile

Ethernet Multicast Address

Published to all devices subscribed to data on multi-cast address

Published to all devices subscribed to data on multi-cast address

(UCA GOOSE)

GOOSE/GSSE is Reliable Multicast

NON-EXISTENT
New State: 1.Sequence Number = 0 2.State Number++ 3. Reset HoldTimer

RETRANSMITPENDING
1. Hold Time Preset ++ 2. Start Hold Timer 3. Sequence Number ++ HoldTime expired

SEND Message

SCL Substation Configuration Language IEC61850-6-1 Description language for communication in electrical substations related to the IEDs
XML based language that allows a formal description of
Substation automation system and the switchyard and the relation between them IED configuration

SCL File Types

SSD: System Specification Description.
XML description of the entire system.

SCD: Substation Configuration Description. XML description of a single substation. ICD: IED Capability Description.
XML description of items supported by an IED.

CID: Configured IED Description.

XML configuration for a specific IED.

Sampled Measured Values

A method for transmitting sampled measurements from transducers such as CTs, VTs, and digital I/O. Enables sharing of I/O signals among IEDs Supports 2 transmission methods:
Multicast service (MSVC) over Ethernet Unicast (point-to-point) service (USVC) over serial links.

SMV Application

IEC61850 Controls
4 Control Models:
Direct Control with normal security SBO Control with normal security Direct Control with enhanced security SBO Control with enhanced security

Enhanced Security provides validation and supervision of the control action and reporting of status.

IEC61850 Profiles

Relationship to UCA2
CASM
IEC 61850-7-2 (Services and base data types) IEC 61850-8-1 (Mapping to MMS)

IEC 61850-7-3
(Common Data Classes)

GOMSFE
IEC 61850-7-4 (Logical Nodes)

Terminology
UCA2.0
GOMSFE CASM Brick GOOSE

IEC61850
CDC ACSI Logical Node Generic Substation Status Event (GSSE)

UCA2 vs. 61850 Object Models

Data Object Model Data Set Model Association Model Server Model Unbuffered Reporting Model Security Model Time Model Direct and SBO Control Data Object Model Data Set Model Association Server Unbuffered and Buffered Reporting No explicit Security Time Direct, SBO, enhanced Control GOOSE, GSSE, and GSE Management

GSSE (called GOOSE in UCA2)

UCA2 IEC61850 Migration

UCA2.0 is mostly a subset of IEC61850.
Some additional services and objects. Some object changes. IEC61850 uses SNTP for networked time synch. An IEC61850 client can be compatible with both UCA2 and IEC61850.

Benefits of IEC61850
SIPSEP 2004 Communications Panel Session Ralph Mackiewicz SISCO, Inc. ralph@sisconet.com

Keys to Obtaining Benefits

Requires a view of cost beyond just the purchase price.
The benefit of an IEC61850 device is not in the price of the device: Benefit is in lower cost to use the device. The benefit of an IEC61850 system is not in buying the system: Benefit is in lower costs to start and use the system.

IEC61850 is Unique
Not a recast serial RTU protocol Designed specifically for LANs to lower life cycle cost to use a device:
Cost to install, configure, and maintain

Real object-oriented approach for SA:

Supports standardized device models using names instead of object/register numbers and indexes. Standardized configuration language (SCL). Feature rich with support for functions difficult to implement otherwise.

IEC61850 Network Architecture

Data from IEDs available to all applications via network. Communications unaffected when adding devices or applications. Standard net. gear provides high perf. & flexibility with environmental protection. Applications and IEDs share common:
Protocols Data Format and Context Data Addressing/naming Conventions Configuration Language

IEC61850 View of Devices

Only network addressing requires configuration in the remote client. Point names portray the meaning and hierarchy of the data.

Point names can be retrieved from the device automatically without manual intervention.
All devices share a common naming convention. Device configurations can be exchanged using IEC61850-6-1 (SCL) files

Benefits of IEC61850
High-level services enable self-describing devices & automatic object discovery saving $$$$$ in configuration, setup and maintenance. Standardized naming conventions with power system context eliminates device dependencies and tag mapping saving $$$$ in config., setup, and maintenance. Standardized configuration file formats enables exchange of device configuration saving $$$$ in design, specification, config., setup, and maint.

Benefits of IEC61850
Higher performance multi-cast messaging for inter-relay communications enables functions not possible with hard wires and save $$$$ in wiring and maintenance.

Multi-cast messaging enables sharing of transducer (CT/PT) signals saving $$$$ by reducing transducers and calibration costs.

Justification
Description
Equipment Purchase Installation Configuration Equip/App Migration Flexibility & Capability

Legacy $ $$ $$$ $$$ $$$

Network $$ $ $ $ $

Impact + + + +

Thank You
Ralph Mackiewicz SISCO, Inc. 6605 19 Mile Road Sterling Heights, MI 48314-1408 USA Tel: +586-254-0020 x103 Fax: +586-254-0053 E-Mail: ralph@sisconet.com

Complete presentations and papers will be posted at: http://www.sisconet.com/techinfo.htm