Professional Documents
Culture Documents
. .
: ,
() C
.
:
, C,
:
1
xC
FR
1
Fi xi ; y C
FR
i 1
1
Fi y i ; z C
FR
i 1
F z ,
i 1
i i
FR Fi .
i 1
My
r
F R
My
My
Fri
FR FR M y
r
i 1
r
F i
Fi xi
r
r
F1
1 n
FR xc Fi xi xc
Fi xi
FR i 1
i 1
1
xC
FR
1
zC
FR
r
F R
1
Fi xi ; yC
FR
i 1
n
Fz ,
i 1
i i
F1
C
F y ;
i 1
FR xC
r
r
FR
Fn
y1
r
Fn
FR Fi .
i 1
FR
x1
yc
xc
dG dG k dV k g dV k g dm k
dm
G k dV k g dm
V
xC
T1
x
k 1
Gk
G
N
T2
yC
y
k 1
Gk
Fi Gi i FR G
1
xC
FR
1
yC
FR
i 1
i 1
FR Fi ; FR G; Fi G i G Gi
1 n
Fi x i x C G i x i ;
G i 1
i 1
z
Cn
1 n
Fi y i y C Gi y i ;
G i 1
i 1
Ci
Gn
1
zC
FR
1 n
Fi z i z C Gi z i ;
G i 1
i 1
O
x
yi
yc
Gi
xi
xc
V Vi
G V
G G
i i i
G V
Vi V
Ci xi , yi , zi
i 1
G V , Gi Vi , i 1,...,n
1
xC
V
1
Vi xi ; yC
V
i 1
n
V lim Vi dV
n
i 1
1
Vi yi ; zC
V
i 1
V z ; V V
i 1
i i
i 1
xi , yi , zi
i 1
1
xC xdV y 1
C
V
V
i 1
1
ydV
;
zC
zdV ;
V dV
n
1 n
1 n
1 n
xC Ai xi ; yC Ai yi ; zC Ai zi , A Ai .
A i 1
A i 1
A i 1
i 1
n
1 n
1 n
1 n
xC Ai xi ; yC Ai yi ; zC Ai zi ; A Ai . Gi Ai , G A
A i 1
A i 1
A i 1
i 1
i 1
i 1
yC A lim Ai yi ydA
n
i 1
xC A lim Ai xi xdA
n
i 1
1
1
xC xdA yC ydA
A
A
n
1
zC zdA A Ai dA
i 1
A
xC
x
A
dA
dA
y
A
dA
dA
zC
z
A
dA
dA
n
1 n
1 n
1 n
Gi Li ; G L xC L Li xi ; yC L Li yi ; zC L Li zi , L Li .
i 1
i 1
i 1
i 1
n
L lim Li dL
n
i 1
1
xC xdL
L
1
yC ydL
L
zC
1
zdL
L dL
xC L lim Li xi
n
i 1
xdL
yC L lim Li yi
n
zC L lim Li zi
n
i 1
zdL
i 1
ydL
xC
dl
, yC
0
l
dl
dl
, zC
0
l
dl
dl
0
l
z
1
dl
xC
x dA
A
A
a
, yC
x 2 xdx
y dA
A
dA f ( x)dx 2 x dx,
a
f ( x)dx 2 xdx x 2
3 a
2
x
2a
0
xC
2
y
1
a
3
3
0
a 2a
2
a
a
f ( x)
0 2 f ( x)dx 0 x 2 xdx
yC
2
1
a
a 2a
2
2 x3 a
2a
yC 2
O
a 3 0
3
a2
2a
C
x
dx
xC
x dA
A
, yC
y dA
A
f ( x)
x;
, dA f ( x)dx
xC
x f ( x)dx
0
y = f(x)
f ( x)dx
0
a
yC
f ( x)
f ( x)dx
2
a
f ( x)dx
0
f (x)
2
dL rd , , y r cos
1
1
yC ydL
L
2r
xC 0
yC r
sin
r cos d
2
r sin
2
2r
sin
dA d d , 0 r ;
y cos ;
A d d r 2
r
1
1
yC ydA 2 2 d cos d
A
r0
3 r
0
sin
3r 2
xC 0
2 sin
r
.
3
2 sin
yC r
3
f(x) 0xy
(b-a) a 0x-, x=a x=b
1
1
y f x;
2
2
dA ydx f ( x)dx;
a xb
b
A dA f ( x)dx
a
1
1
xC xdA f ( x) xdx
A
Aa
b
1
1 1
1
2
yC y dA ydA
f
x
dx
A
A 2
2A a
f(x) 0x- .
yC zC 0;
dV y dx f x dx
2
a xb
V f x dx
2
2
1
xC x f x dx
V a
b
x f x dx
a
b
f x
a
.
2
dx
r .
dV y 2 dz r 2 z 2 dz; 0 z r
xC yC 0; zC
1
zdV
VV
2
z3 r 2 3
V r z dz r z 0 r ;
3
3
0
r
2 z 2 z4 r 1 4
zCV z r z dz r
0 r .
4
4
0
2
r
1
r4
1
3
z C z r 2 z 2 dz 4
r
2 3 8
V 0
r
3
r
ABCD
ABE,
. .
3
a
a
A
y
A
y
2
a
2 2
yE 1 1
h yE A1 a ; y1 ; A1 y1
xE
2
2
A1 A2
2
ayE2
1
1
1
A2 ayE ; y2 yE ; A2 y2
A1 A2 a 2 ayE
2
3
6
2
3a 2 y E2
a 3 ay E2
2
3
a
y
6
6
E
yE 2
1
2a y E
3(2a y E )
a 2 ay E
2
2
6ay E 3 y E2 3a y E2 2 y E2 6ay E 3a 0
yE
1, 2
6a 36 a 2 24 a 2 6a 2a 3 3
1
a a 3
4
4
2
2
3
1
1
y E a a 3 a 3 3 0,635a
2
2
2