OSI stands for open system interconnection

The OSI model is a framework for design of a network systems that allow communication between all types of computer systems. OSI model is not a protocol but is a model for understanding and designing a network that is flexible. An open systems is a set of protocols that allows any two computer systems to exchange data irrespective of their hardware and software.

LAYERS OF OSI MODEL

APPLICATION PRESENTATION SESSION TRANSPORT NETWORK DATA LINK

PHYSICAL

Application layer
This is the top layer of the reference model. It deals with questions such as: how can two application communicate in a meaningful way? It contains protocols that allow the users to access the network It does not include application programs such as email, browsers, word processing applications ,etc . PRESENTATION LAYER It deals with the question like: What does the data look like? The presentation layer provides services that affect how data passed between applications will look. Presentation layer is responsible for data compression. Convert data into a common format before transmitting.

Session layer
Dialog control allows two systems to enter into a dialog, keep a track of whose turn it is to transmit. Synchronization adds check points into stream of data.

Transport layer
Responsible for source-to-destination delivery of the entire message. Segmentation and reassembly Error control

Network layer

Responsible for delivery of packets across multiple networks. It is responsible only for delivery of individual packets and it does not recognize any relationship between those packets.
Responsible for delivery of data between two systems on the same network. Flow control Error control Bit representation Transmission rate Transmission mode Physical topology

Data link layer

Physical layer