UNDERSTANDING HSDPA THROUGHPUT

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Where does 7.2Mbps come from?

WCDMA Frame
(5 MHz)

fixed

3,840,000 chips/sec 16

240,000 symbols/sec
fixed 16 QAM Modulation

Spreading Factor

adaptive d ti

240,000 symbols/sec

4 bits/symbol

=
HSDPA Codes

960,000 bits/sec
capability

960,000 bits/sec

10

=
Coding Rate

9,600,000 bits/sec
adaptive

9,600,000 bits/sec

3/4

7,200,000 bits/sec S R G

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What does Adaptive Modulation & Coding (AMC) do?

AMC provides the flexibility to match the modulation-coding scheme to the average channel conditions for each user. With AMC, the power of the transmitted signal is held constant over a frame interval, and the modulation and coding format is changed to match the current received signal quality or channel conditions.

Modulation Coding Rate QPSK QPSK QPSK 16 QAM 16 QAM 16 QAM 1/4 2/4 3/4 2/4 3/4 4/4

Throughput in kbps (1 code of SF = 16) 120 240 360 480 720 960

Link Adaptation operates with 2 ms granularity and is based from f CQI provided by the terminal

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What is CQI?

Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) is a value which the terminal reports to the Node B and is the basis of the type of modulation & coding that will be used in the HS-DSCH.

CQI value reported corresponds as a function of: multipath environment terminal receiver type ratio of interference of the own base station compared w/ others BTS HSDPA power availability

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What happens to the throughput as it goes to higher layer?

Example of HS Data Transmission Handling

IP Networks

UE 1. Packet to BTS Buffer 2. First Transmission

decode failure

Node B

RNC

SGSN

GGSN

Application Server

3. NACK: in case of packet decoding failure MAC-hs handles Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) process in the Node B 4. Retransmission Retransmission Combining: Chase Combining or Incremental Redundancy 5. RLC ACK RLC AM retransmissions are more likely in connection with mobility operations 6. TCP/IP ACK

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What happens to the throughput as it goes to higher layer?

L3 +: TCP/IP APPLICATION
TCP Header IP Header

DU meter throughput

16 bits

320 bits

L2: RLC

RLC Header

RLC SDU

.. ..
MAC-hs payload

RLC Header

RLC SDU

L2: MAC-d

MAC-d MAC d header

MAC-d SDU

MAC-d MAC d header

MAC-d SDU

L2: MAC-hs

MAC-hs header

L1

Transport Block
mapped pp onto HS-PDSCH

CRC

Example of Application Layer Throughput Computation:

320*42/ 0.002 sec x

RLC SDU payload

0.88

0.97

5,736,192 bits/sec

12% MAC & RLC Headers & Retransmissions

3% TCP/IP Header & Retransmissions

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What other factors affecting HSDPA throughput?

HSDPA Terminal Classes
Class
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

HSDPA Codes Modulation

5 5 5 5 5 5 10 10 15 15 5 5 QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK/ 16QAM QPSK QPSK

Peak Rate
1.2 Mbps 1.2 Mbps 1.8 Mbps 1.8 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 7.2 Mbps 7.2 Mbps 10.8 Mbps 14.4 Mbps 0.9 Mbps 1.8 Mbps

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What other factors affecting HSDPA throughput?

Node B Power Licensed HSDPA Code Terminal Class SIM QoS: Max Bit rate RNC Capacity SGSN Capacity GGSN Capacity R99 Traffic

IP Networks

UE

Node B

RNC

SGSN

GGSN

Application Server

Transmission T i i C Configurations fi ti Transport Parameters Backbone Routing QoS: TC, THP, ARP, GBR

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END
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