Tm hiu c quy cho xe my [11/04/2010] Trn mt chic xe c quy l mt thit b in cn thit .

N c kh nng tch tr nng lng in di dng ha nng v phng in cung cp cho cc thit b in s dng in trn xe (ci, xi nhan, n thng, CDIDC) di dng in nng.

Nguyn l hot ng ca c quy l ng dng hiu ng ha hc ca dng in. Trong qu trnh xe hot ng, c quy s tch v phng in lin tc. C hai loi c quy c bn: c quy kiu h - y l loi c th chm thm nc khi dung dch in phn trong c quy b cn, v c quy kh (c quy MF: maintenance free) - khng c m np chm thm nc. I. c quy kiu h Cn hiu r tnh nng v cch bo dng c quy c quy lun hot ng trong tnh trng tt nht, cng nh c th s dng c quy c lu di.a

c quy kiu h

Hu ht cc c quy s dng trn xe gn my u l loi c quy in cc ch. Cc bn cc ca c quy c dng v li, bn cc dng ca c quy lm bng xt ch (PbO2), cn cc bn cc m lm bng ch (Pb), cc bn cc dng v m c b tr xen k nhau v gia chng c cc vch ngn. Cc vch ngn c dng tm mng, c tnh thm thu cao v khng c dn in. Mt c quy thng c nhiu ngn (hc) ni tip nhau, tu theo in th cn cung cp c quy s c s ngn khc nhau. Mi ngn ca c quy ch c th sinh ra in p 2.1 ~ 2.2V, nh vy nu in p c quy l 6V th c 3 ngn; nu in p khong 12V th phi c 6 ngn.

Cc tm bn cc ca c quy

Cc vch ngn gia bn cc Qu trnh np v phng in ca c quy din ra lin tc khi xe vn hnh. Trong vic np in cho c quy thng qua h thng sc (cc sc) v c quy phng in cung cp cho cc thit b s dng in 1 chiu (DC) trn xe (ci, xinhan, n phanh, n bo s ).

Cc bc thc hin khi em mt c qui mi ra s dng: a. c quy mi thng c mt tm nim phong mng trn np bnh v nt y ni l thot hi, ch nn tho ra khi em c quy ra s dng. b. Dng dung dch in phn (dung dch axt Sunfuart H2SO4 long) c t trng 1.28 vo cc ngn ca c quy ti vch UPPER trn v bnh v i khong 10~15 pht dung dch ngm u vo cc tm in cc, nu thy mc dung dch gim xung khng ng u cc ngn th phi b sung

thm cho v ng u cc ngn. (Khng nn s dng dung dch c t trng cao qua hoc thp qua s khng tt n tui th ca c quy). c. Np c quy bng my sc bnh vi dng np bng 1/10 dung lng ghi trn v bnh. V d: Bnh 12V- 5Ah th np vi cng 0.5A; bnh 12V-7Ah th np vi cng 0.7A. Thi gian np khong 30 pht.Cng c th s dng phng php np nhanh rt ngn thi gian nhng ch nn np vi cng gp i so vi mc np bnh thng, tuy nhin thi gian np phi gim xung (V d bnh 12V-5Ah np vi dng 1A,thi gian khong 15~20 pht). Lu khng c y np ca cc ngn bnh c quy trong lc np. Cn thn lp ng cc cc ca c quy vo my np, thng thng dy mu ca my np s u vo cc c du cng(+) ca c quy v dy mu en ca my np u vo cc c du tr(-).

Cch u dy khi sc c quy

d. Nhit c quy khi np in khng c cao hn 50o C. e . Khng np c quy ni c nhng ngun la phng chy n do c kh H2 thot ra s kt hp vi Oxy trong khng kh gy phn ng chy n. f. Sau khi np xong nu thy mc dung dch gim xung th b sung thm nc ct cho ng u cc ngn (ch ln ti vch UPPER).

g. y cc nt bnh, v sinh bn ngoi bnh bng nc, lau kh trc khi lp ln xe. h. Lp c quy ln xe theo th t dy dng trc, m sau. Bi mt lp m ln cc cc bnh sau khi xit cht c vt bo v chng khng b hi axt n mn. Gn ng thot hi cn cn thn khng kp, gp khc. 4. Bo dng c quy: c quy gn ln xe s dng mt thi gian cn phi c bo dng ng cch c th s dng c lu di. Cn phi kim tra nh k khong 2 thng 1 ln gm cc cng vic: kim tra mc dung dch cc ngn v b sung, kim tra v sinh cc cc bnh, sc li c quy bng my sc a. Khng mc dung dch trong cc ngn bnh xung thp di vch LOWER, ch c dng nc ct b sung.Trc khi tho cc np ra cn v sinh sch bn ngoi c quy trnh lt cc cht bn vo trong cc ngn ca bnh. b. Np in li c quy khi thy bnh yu (v d nh khng my c) hoc sau khi b sung nc ct vo bnh. Dng np bng 1/10 dung lng bnh(xem mc c phn 3 trn), tuy nhin thi gian np li ph thuc vo t trng dung dch o c thc t (s dng ng o t trng k c bn trn th trng). Cn tho c quy ra khi xe khi np li bnh, tho dy cc m(-) trc, dng(+) sau.

Thi gian cn np li c quy da trn t trng thc t o c ca c quy v c p dng theo cch tnh sau:

H s 1,2 ~ 1,5 thm vo bo m c quy c np no so vi thi gian quy nh. V d mt bnh cquy 12V-5Ah c t trng thc t o c 1.20, nh vy:

- Lng in x l: 5Ah.(1.280-1.200): 0.2 = 1.5A

- Thi gian cn thit np li l : 1.5x1.2: 0.5 = 3.6 (gi)

Ch : Khng y cc np ca cc ngn (hc) c quy khi ang np in. Khi lp c quy ln xe, lp dy cc dng trc, m sau. Bi mt t m ln cc cc bnh bo v. 5. Bo Nu c quy s khng s dng trong mt thi gian di, cn ch mt s im sau:

- Trc khi ct gi phi np in no.

- Bo qun c quy ni thong mt, kh ro.

- Do hin tng t phng in ca c quy, cn np b sung mi thng 1 ln khi lu kho.

- Trc khi s dng li, cng cn np b sung li in cho c quy.

II. c quy MF : 1. Cu to :

ngha cc k hiu :

2. c im :