INTRODUCTION TO CFD ANASISLY

(FLUENT & GAMBIT)

Advisor ~ Prof. F. B. Hsiao Advisee ~ C. J. Bai Date ~ 2007/12/11

FLUID AERODYNAMICS LABORATORY

INTRODUCTION TO CFD ANALYSIS

FLUENT & GAMBIT

PART

Introduction to CFD analysis

PART Mesh Generator PART FLUENT Setup and Solution

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How Does CFD Work ?

Fluent solves are based on finite volume method. - Domain is discretized onto a finite set of control volume (or cells). - General conservation (transport) equations for mass, momentum, energy, species, etc. are solved on this set of control volumes. Fluid region of pipe flow is discretized into a finite set of control volume (mesh). - Partial differential equations are discretized into a system of algebraic equations. - All algebraic equations are then solved numerically to render the solution field.

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CFD Modeling Overview

Solver

Pre-Processing Solid Modeler Mesh Generator

Transport Equation -Mass -Momentum -Energy Equations of state Supporting physical models

Physical Models -Turbulence -Combustion -Radiation -Multiphase -Phase Change -Moving Zones -Moving Mesh

Solver setting Material Properties Boundary Conditions Initial Conditions Postprocessing

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CFD Analysis - The Basic Step

Problem Identification and Preprocessing
-Define your modeling goals. -Identify the domain you will model. -Design and create the grid. Catia AutoCAD Gambit Icem-CFD . .

Solver Execution
-Set up the numerical. -Compute and monitor the solution.

CFX CFDRC COSMOS Fluent . .

Post-Processing
-Examine the results. -Consider revisions to the model.
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Design and Create the Grid

Hybrid mesh for an IC engine value port

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Reading the Mesh - Components

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Defining Boundary Conditions

External faces -General ~ pressure inlet , pressure outlet -Incompressible ~ velocity inlet, outflow -Compressible ~ mass flow inlet , pressure far-field, mass flow outlet -Other ~ wall, symmetry, axis, periodic Cell Zones -Fluid -Solid -Heat exchanger Interface -wall, interior..

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Turbulence Models Available in FLUENT

Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models

One-order Equation Models

-Spalart-Allmaras Two-order Equation Models -Standard k- -RNG k- -Realizable k- -Standard - -SST k- Reynolds Stress Model Increase in computational cost per iteration

RANS based models

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Wall Boundary Conditions

-Standard k- -RNG k- -Realizable k- -RSM -Spalart-Allmaras -Standard - -SST k-

The viscosityviscosity-affected region is not resolved, instead is bridged by the wall function. HighHigh-Re turbulence models can be used.

The nearnear-wall region is resolved all the way down to the wall. The turbulence models ought to be valid throughout the nearnear-wall region.

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Placement of The First Grid Point

Wall function ~ y+ 30-300 Near-wall function ~ y+ 1 Non-dimensional distance from a wall in a turbulent boundary layer is given by y+

y+ =

ut y

where ut is the friction velocity, define as (w/)0.5. The shear stress on the surface:

w
1 U 2 2
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PART Introduction to CFD analysis PART

Mesh Generator
PART FLUENT Setup and Solution

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Case12-D Airfoil

Problem Description 9RE=1x106 9Angle of attack=4 9Naca4412 9Chord length = 1c

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Mesh command button

Mesh

Mesh edges

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FLUENT & GAMBIT

Mesh command button

Mesh

Mesh edges

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Mesh command button Boundary-layer

Create boundary layer

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Mesh command button

Mesh

Mesh edges

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FLUENT & GAMBIT

Mesh command button

Mesh

Mesh edges

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Mesh command button

Mesh

Mesh edges

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Mesh command button

Mesh

Mesh faces

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Zones command button

Specify boundary types

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Zones command button

Specify boundary types

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Zones command button

Specify boundary types

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Zones command button

Specify continuum types

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File Export Mesh

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PART Introduction to CFD analysis PART Mesh Generator PART

FLUENT Setup and Solution

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Step 1Grid
Read the grid file airfoil-2D.mesh File Read Case. Check the grid. Grid Check Display the grid Display Grid.

The Entire Grid

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Step 2Models
Specify the solver settings. Define Models Solver.

NoteSeclect Green-Gauss Node Based This option uses better numerics, in particular in unstructured meshs. It also tends to predict drag more accurately.

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Enable the k- epsilon turbulence model. Define Models Viscous.

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Step 3Materials
Set the properties for air, the default fluid materials. Define Materials.

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Step 4Boundary Conditions

Define Boundary Conditions.

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1.Set the boundary conditions for velocity-inlet

NoteEnter 0.997564 and 0.069756 for the X-Y components of flow direction. NoteThe viscosity ratio should be between 1 and 10 for external flows.

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2.Set the boundary conditions for pressure-outlet

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Step 5Solution
Define a force monitor to print, write, and drag coefficient for the walls of the airfoil.

NoteEnter 7.28588 for X and 0.50948 for Y in the Force Vector Box.

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Define a force monitor to print, write, and lift coefficient for the walls of the airfoil.

NoteEnter -0.50948 for X and 7.28588 for Y in the Force Vector Box.

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Define the residual monitor to print and plot.

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Initialize the solution. Solver Initialize Initialize.

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Set the reference value that are used to compute the lift and drag coefficients. Report Reference values.

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Save the case and data files(airfoil-2D.cas and airfoil-2D.dat) Start the calculation by requesting 100 iterations.

Step 6Postprocessing

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Thanks!!

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