Scoping Report-Kilombero Bridge

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVERLOPMENT
DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN OF KILOMBERO

BRIDGE AND ITS APPROACH ROADS
Environmental Scoping Report
17 April 2009
Prepared by:
AKONAAY M.L. AKO
Senior Associate Consultant
(Environment and Natural Resource)
Mobile: +255 754 605 279 or +255 73 299 1845
E-mail: akonaay@yahoo.com
Scoping Report 17 April 2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND............................................................................................................................................1
1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................................2
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION................................................................................................................................2
2.1 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROJECT...............................................................................................................................2
2.2 THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT..............................................................................................................................2
2.2 LOCATION.............................................................................................................................................................2
2.3PROJECT ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................................................4
2.4 PROJECT DESIGN...................................................................................................................................................5
2.5 MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................................................................6
3.0 SCOPING METHODOLOGY...........................................................................................................................6
4.0 RESULTS OF PUBLIC / STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS...................................................................7
5.0 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS........................................8
5.1 POSITIVE IMPACTS..................................................................................................................................................8
5.2 NEGATIVE IMPACTS................................................................................................................................................8
6.0 STAKEHOLDER GROUPS IDENTIFIED AND THEIR INVOLVEMENT..............................................10
6.1 AUTHORITIES OR DECISION MAKERS........................................................................................................................10
6.2 DEVELOPER.........................................................................................................................................................10
6.3 AFFECTED PARTIES (DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY).........................................................................................................10
6.4 INTERESTED PARTIES.............................................................................................................................................11
7.0 PROJECT BOUNDARIES................................................................................................................................12
7.1 SPATIAL BOUNDARIES............................................................................................................................................12
7.2 TEMPORAL BOUNDARIES........................................................................................................................................12
7.3 INSTITUTIONAL BOUNDARIES..................................................................................................................................12
8.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................................13
8.1 NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE....................................................................................................................................13
8.2 PROJECT ALTERNATIVE..........................................................................................................................................13
8.3 NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE VERSUS PROJECT ALTERNATIVE........................................................................................13
9.0 TERMS OF REFERENCE................................................................................................................................15
APPENDICES..........................................................................................................................................................16
TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER i NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

MOROGORO REGION association with
HOWRD HUMPREYS
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project background

The Government of the United Republic of Tanzania (URT) through
TANROADS Regional Manager’s Office is undertaking Detailed Engineering
Design of Kilombero Bridge and Its Approach roads along Ifakara – Mahenge
road section.
The Ifakara -Mahenge road forms a main link between Kilombero and
Ulanga Districts in Morogoro Region and it forms part of the proposed trunk
road that joins Morogoro and Ruvuma Regions. The road serves a large
agricultural production area, which is famous for cultivation of food and
cash crops. The area is also important for teak plantation and natural forest
products. In addition, the road is important for tourism activities because it
serves the southern part of the Selous Game Reserve, which is located in
Mahenge District.
The detailed engineering design follows a Feasibility Study and Preliminary
Engineering Design carried out in 2007/08. Ultimate intention of this study
is to construct a bridge across the Kilombero River and its approach roads
into bitumen standard.
The existing Kilombero crossing, which is located about 6 Km south of
Ifakara town is being served by ferry transport. However, ferry transport
has not been reliable, especially during floods and extreme draught. During
draught it becomes difficult to operate the ferry without dredging work. The
operation of ferry is also posing a potential risk to human life. For example,
in 2003 a small ferry which was providing service capsized and caused loss
to human lives and their properties.
Thus, the construction of bridge over Kilombero River will provide reliable
crossing for pedestrians and vehicular traffic as well as non-motorized
traffic. It will also reduce if not eliminate risk of accidents, hence loss to
human life and properties. The reliable crossing will also increase the
number of tourists visiting the Selous Game Reserve. The two approach
roads, one on the northern side, about 5 Km and the other one on the
south, 6 Km will be improved into bitumen standard to ensure smooth
traffic movement within the Kilombero river flood plain.
However, before implementing the project it has been necessary to carry

out Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study in
accordance with the Environmental Impact Assessment and Audit
Regulations of 2005. The intention is to identify any adverse (negative)
environmental and social impacts associated with this project and
thereafter propose appropriate mitigation measures and incorporate them
into the design process.
TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER 1 NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in
HOWRD HUMPREYS
1.2 Environmental impact assessment requirements

According to the FIRST SCHEDULE of the Environmental Impact Assessment
and Audit Regulations G.N. No. 349 of 2005, this project falls under the list
of those projects that require Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The
project is classified under item 9(i): Transport and Infrastructure –
expansion, rehabilitation or construction of new trunk road.
However, before undertaking EIA study the Consultant is required to

undertake Scoping Study and prepare Terms of reference (ToR). According to
Regulation 13(1) an EIA study should be conducted in accordance with
scoping and the terms of reference. In addition, Regulation 13(2) requires
the terms of reference to be submitted to the Council (NEMC) for approval
within 14 of submission, failure of which approval shall be assumed.
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Justification for the project

The need for this project is justified because the current dependence on
ferry transport across the Kilombero River is not reliable and poses a great
risk to human life and their properties. It is therefore expected that the
project will not only ease and improve communication between Ifakara and
Mahenge towns but also provide reliable and safe transportation across the
Kilombero River. The project will also improve transportation of agricultural
produce from the rural areas to external markets and also promote tourism
activities in the project areas.
2.2 The objective of the project

The overall objective of the project is to provide reliable crossings for
pedestrians, vehicular traffic and non-motorized traffic across the Kilombero
River. Specifically the objective of the project is to undertake the
construction of bridge across Kilombero River and its approach roads into
bitumen standard. Ultimately,
2.2 Location
The project is located in the two districts of Kilombero and Ulanga in
Morogoro Region. The regional location of the project area is shown is Figure
2.1. Specifically the proposed bridge site is located about 5 Km from Ifakara
town. The bridge is connected by two approach roads, whereby one
approach road from Ifakara town in Kilombero District is about 5 Km and
the other one from Mahenge town in Ulanga District is about 6 Km long.
The road starts In Ifakara at Mlabani roundabout and ends up at Kivukoni
Village in Ulanga District, with a total length of about 11 Km. Location of the
proposed bridge and its approach roads is shown in Figure 2.2.

HOWRD HUMPREYS

HOWRD HUMPREYS
Figure 2.1: The location of the proposed bridge (red circle) and its approach roads
2.3 Project activities

The proposed project activities during mobilization, construction and
demobilization phases are outlined in Table 2.1.
TABLE 2.1: PROJECT ACTIVITIES

PROJECT PHASE PROPOSED ACTIVITIES
(a) Mobilization Phase • Topographic surveys, geotechnical investigations, soils and
materials investigations.
• Identification and demarcation of Right of Way (RoW) and

Road Reserve (RR), Location of Contractor’s camp site, borrow
pits areas, quarry sites, access roads, stone crushing areas
and materials storage yards, etc.
• Implementation of compensation / resettlement plans for the

affected people.
• Site clearing within the RoW / road reserve, borrow pits,

quarry sites and access roads and opening of borrow pits,
quarry sites and access roads..
• Transportation of equipment and construction materials (e.g.

stone aggregates, sand, cement, gravel, etc) to the site
(b) Construction Phase • Earth movements, excavations and stockpiling of excavated
materials.
• Operation of borrow pits, quarry sites and cement / asphalt

batch plant.
• Stockpiling of construction materials such as sand, stone

aggregates, cement, bitumen, etc.
• Installation of culverts and bridge structures
• Creation of road side drains and storm water drainages and

access roads.
• Transportation of construction materials such as sand,

cement, stone aggregate and soils.
(c) Decommissioning • Demolition of Contractor’s camp site
Phase
• Closure and restoration of borrow pits and quarry sites
• Rehabilitation / restoration of access roads.

HOWRD HUMPREYS
• Closure and restoration of materials storage yards and stone

crusher sites.
• Dismantling / demolition of cement / asphalt batch plant and

stone crushers.
2.4 Project Design

The project involves construction of bridge and its approach roads into
bitumen standard. The proposed bridge is expected to have a width of
about 7.5 m, six spans with a total clear span of about 360 m, and 1.5 m
wide guardrail footpaths on both sides. The bridge will be comprised of
reinforced concrete sub-structure and steel beams superstructure with
reinforced concrete slab deck.
The approach roads will be built of bitumen standard and will have a width
of about 6.5 m and 1.5 m shoulder. The approach road from Ifakara side will
a length of about 5 Km and the other one from Mahenge side (Ulanga
District) will have a length of about 6 Km; hence forming a total length of
about 11 Km.
The location of the bridge as proposed in the Feasibility study and

Preliminary Engineering Design carried out in year 2007/08 will be reviewed
to ascertain its appropriateness. In addition, the vertical and horizontal
alignments of the bridge and its approach roads will be reviewed to conform
to the design standards. However, the alignment of approach roads is
expected to follow the proposed one in the Feasibility study, with only minor
re-alignment whenever justifiable.
The design has taken into consideration the following aspects:

♦ Drainage structures
♦ Separation of pedestrians and non-motorized traffic from vehicular traffic
♦ Provision of pedestrians’ crossings, bus bays and parking areas.
♦ Provision of wide shoulders in towns / village centres and climbing lanes
on steep grades.
The design also takes into consideration establishment of detailed scheme
on traffic management to ensure vehicles and pedestrians’ movement is
properly handled during construction. In order to minimize traffic disruption
the design also includes establishment of traffic operation plan, which takes
into consideration:
♦ Construction sequencing
♦ Public information announcements
♦ Use of by-pass lanes, temporary structures, barriers, signs, signals and
traffic control devices.
HOWRD HUMPREYS
More details on the project design can be found in the Detailed Engineering
Design Report.
2.5 Materials requirements

The details on the materials requirements for the bridge and its approach
roads could be found the Bill of Quantities. However, based on the available
information the required construction materials and their sources are as
follows:
a) Gravel and fill materials – from borrow pits at Kining’ina area (within
Ifakara Girls Secondary School) and Kilombero Agricultural Research and
Training Institute (KATRIN).
b) Crushed aggregates and surface dressing chips:

o From existing stone quarry owned by Tanzania Zambia Railways
Authority (TAZARA)
o From new quarry to be established at Igota, about 20 Km from Ifakara
town
o From new quarry to be established at Matalawe, about 15 Km North of
Ifakara town
c) Sand:
o From Kilombero River Bed
d) Construction Water:
o From either Kilombero River or Lumemo River depending on the
distance from construction site.
e) Other materials:
Other required materials include:
o Cement
o Reinforced steel bars
o Steel beams
o Timber
o Gabions wire for protection of river banks.
3.0 SCOPING METHODOLOGY

The objectives of the scoping exercise are:
a) To provide an opportunity for the proponent / consultant, relevant
authorities, interested and affected parties in a project area to
exchange information and express their views and concerns regarding
the project before impact assessment is undertaken.

HOWRD HUMPREYS
b) To focus the study on reasonable alternatives and relevant issues to

ensure that the resulting Impact assessment is useful; to the decision-
maker and address the concerns of interested and affected parties.
c) To facilitate an efficient assessment process that saves time and
resources and reduces costly delays, which could arise where
consultation had not taken place.
d) To determine the Terms of Reference (TOR) and boundaries of the EIA
study.
Thus, the Scoping exercise involved stakeholder consultation to obtain their

comments regarding the project. The intention is to identify what probable
significant environmental impacts should be considered during project
implementation. The following stakeholders were consulted during the
scoping exercise:
♦ TANROADS Officials
♦ District council officials (Natural Resource Officer, Health Officer
♦ Ward and Village Executive Officers
♦ Ifakara Girls School Administration
♦ Individual village member
♦ Road / ferry users and general public
In general methodology involved:

♦ Informal interviews with individuals encountered within the bridge site
and along the approach roads.
♦ Consultation meetings with District council officials and some selected
village communities to get their views / comments regarding the project.
♦ Visual (Ocular) survey within the bridge site and along the approach
roads supplemented by informal interviews with local people
encountered en-route. Whenever necessary some photographs were
being taken by the Survey Team for illustrations.
♦ Review of various documents obtained from the local government
authorities such as socio-economic profiles and other documents that
could help to obtain baseline information.
4.0 RESULTS OF PUBLIC / STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS

In general, the majorities of stakeholders supported the project and found it
to be beneficial. For example according to the local leaders and community
members residing along the approach roads the project is expected to have
the following benefits:
♦ Employment during construction
♦ Increased access to social services, especially health facilities.

HOWRD HUMPREYS
♦ Availability of markets to agricultural produce.

♦ Improvement in tourism activities.
However, they had the following concerns regarding the project:

♦ Loss of land and property, which may result into resettlement and
relocation.
♦ Loss of business due to relocation.
♦ Spread of HIV / AIDS due to construction workforce and truck drivers.
♦ Increased road accidents.
♦ Family breakup due outmigration of men looking for business
opportunities as a result of improved transportation.
♦ There is a need to be informed before commencement of the project.
♦ Priority should be given to local people by Contractor when employing
unskilled labour.
The identified issues / problems and proposed mitigation by various

stakeholders during the scoping study are outlined in Appendix 1. The
views expressed by various stakeholders on several issues are also
summarized in Appendix 2. In addition, the names of stakeholders
consulted during the scoping exercise are shown in Appendix 3.
5.0 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE

IMPACTS
5.1 Positive Impacts

a) Creation of temporary employment during construction
b) Increased access to local and external markets for agricultural
produce and other commodities
c) Increased safe and reliable transport services across Kilombero River
d) Enhanced tourism activities due to improved access to Selous Game
Reserve.
e) Increased income for local community, especially youth and women
by selling food and other goods to construction workforce.
5.2 Negative Impacts

a) Increased traffic related accidents due to speeding vehicles along
approach roads.
b) Increased incidence of HIV / AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections
(STIs).
c) Loss of farmlands, buildings, business premises and other community
properties within the road reserve due to expansion of approach
roads.
HOWRD HUMPREYS
d) Air pollution due to dust emission from road construction (mainly

within human settlements), asphalt batch plant operation, quarrying
activities and excavation works in borrow pit areas
e) Noise nuisance / vibration during construction of approach road within
human settlements (E.g. Mlabani, Lipangalala and Limaumau village,
Limaumau primary school and Lipangalala primary school), and
blasting of rocks in quarry sites (mainly to construction workers).
f) Destruction of river banks vegetation due to movement of vehicles
during abstraction of construction water.
g) Soil erosion and sedimentation of river bed during bridge
construction.
h) Risk of accidents to livestock and people in abandoned borrow pits
and quarry sites.
i) Risk of construction related accidents to construction workers.
j) Disruption of public service utilities such as electricity supply and
community water supply (E.g. shallow wells at Mlabani Primary
School, Mlabani Mosque and Lipangalala mosque).
k) Destruction of burial site at Mlabani village due expansion of
approach road.
l) Severance of pedestrian movement to and from their business
activities and residents, hence increasing travel time to the local
residents due creation of storm water drainage channels.
m) Creation of potential breeding sites for mosquitoes and other water
borne vectors in abandoned borrow pits (E.g. Kining’ina borrow pit
near Ifakara Girls Secondary School).
n) Disruption of traffic flow during construction, especially in urban and
village centres (E.g. Mlabani, Lipangalala, Limaumau and Kivukoni).
o) Soil and surface water pollution due to leakage of fuel and oils from
construction equipment and deliberate washing of construction
equipment / vehicles containing asphalt and concrete residues in the
river, as well as deposition of concrete and asphalt materials near the
river banks.
p) Destruction of adjacent land use due to modification of surface water
flow as a result of creation of road embankments which may result
into flooding of adjacent lands (E.g. between Mlabani and
Lipangalala).
q) Increased road accidents due to speeding vehicles along the approach
roads (Mainly to pedestrian in village centres and school children at
Lipangalala and Limaumau primary schools).

HOWRD HUMPREYS
6.0 STAKEHOLDER GROUPS IDENTIFIED AND THEIR INVOLVEMENT
6.1 Authorities or Decision makers

The following stakeholders are responsible for decision making regarding
the implementation of this project:
♦ TANROADS – responsible for project implementation through Contractor,
preparation of Engineering design, Tender documents, and project
supervision through the Consultant.
♦ NEMC – responsible for reviewing of Scoping and ESIA reports and
identification of any environmental and social concerns regarding project
implementation; advising the Project Proponent about the project.
♦ VPO – responsible for issuance of Environmental Clearance Certificate
♦ District Councils – responsible for valuation of assets in collaboration
with TANROADS, Government Valuation Officers and assisting in land
acquisition
♦ Village Governments –assist in the identification of affected people who
shall need to be resettled or compensated and assisting in land
acquisition.
6.2 Developer
The developer or project proponent is the Tanzania National Roads Agency
(TANROADS), which shall be responsible for project implementation on
behalf of the Government of Tanzania. The TANROADS Regional Manager
shall be responsible for project implementation at regional level on the
behalf of TANROADS Headquarters.
6.3 Affected parties (Directly or indirectly)

The directly affected people are the local communities residing within the
Direct Impact Zone (DIZ). The DIZ can be considered to be within distance
of about 100 m on both sides from the proposed bridge site and centreline
of the approach roads, the borrow pits areas and quarry sites. Thus, the
directly affected people are the local communities conducting their
activities near the proposed bridge site, borrow pits, quarry sites and in
those villages traversed by the approach roads.
The indirectly affected parties are the local communities residing within the
area of influence (AI). The area of influence is considered to be the areas
beyond the direct impact zone (DIZ). Other indirectly affected parties
include:
♦ District Councils
♦ Village Governments
♦ Local NGOs and CBOs dealing with HIV / AIDS and environmental
conservation
HOWRD HUMPREYS
6.4 Interested parties

The interested parties are all stakeholders, which include:
♦ TANROADS Headquarters and Regional Manager, TANROADS – Morogoro,
which are responsible for project implementation.
♦ National Environment Management Council (NEMC) – which is
responsible for reviewing Scoping report, TOR and ESIA Report?
♦ Vice President’s Office (VPO) – which is responsible for issuance of
Environmental Clearance Certificate.
♦ District Councils and Village Governments – which are responsible for
ensuring implementation of Resettlement and/or Compensation plans.
♦ Local NGOs and CBOs – which are responsible for awareness creation
regarding HIV / AIDS and environmental protection as well as overseeing
implementation of mitigation measures.

HOWRD HUMPREYS
7.0 PROJECT BOUNDARIES
7.1 Spatial boundaries

The project area can be considered to be the whole of Kilombero and
Ulanga districts. However, specifically the project area includes the
proposed bridge site across Kilombero River, its approach roads, borrow pits
and quarry site areas.
The proposed bridge is expected to have a width of about 7.5 m and a total
clear span of about 360 m with guardrail protected footpaths of about 1.5 m
on both sides. The approach road between Mlabani Village and Kilombero
River extends for about 5 Km to the north and for about 6 Km between
Kilombero River and Kivukoni village to the south.
7.2 Temporal boundaries

The total duration for project implementation depends on the results of
detailed engineering design. However, according to the Feasibility study the
project is expected to be implemented within 18 months1. The project life
span or design period is estimated to be 20 years.
7.3 Institutional boundaries

The responsible institutions during implementation of this project include:
♦ TANROADS
♦ Ministry of Infrastructure Development
♦ NEMC
♦ Vice President’s Office (VPO)
♦ Kilombero and Ulanga district councils
♦ Village governments
The NEMC and Vice-President’s Office (VPO) are responsible for overseeing
implementation of National Environment Policy (NEP) and Environmental
legislations.
The Ministry of Infrastructure Development is responsible for overseeing

implementation of sector policies, laws and strategies for road construction.
TANROADS Headquarters in collaboration with TANROADS Regional
Manager’s Office is responsible for project implementation.
The local authorities including the District Councils, Ward and Village
Councils are responsible for environmental monitoring during project
1
Feasibility Study and Preliminary Engineering Design of Kilombero Bridge and its Approach roads.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report. By Engineering Research Associates Ltd and Projects Inter
Design. June 2008.
HOWRD HUMPREYS
implementation and awareness creation among the local communities.

They are also responsible for ensuring that compensations are paid to
affected people.
8.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
8.1 No Project Alternative

In this study the Consultant shall make some comparisons between the “No
project alternative” and “Project alternative”. The “No project alternative”
means that the bridge should not be constructed instead we should
continue to use the existing ferry transport for crossing the Kilombero river.
However, due to potential risk to human life from this type of transport the
“No project alternative” could not be considered. Past experienced has
shown that the use of ferry boat across the river resulted into serious
accident which resulted into loss of life significant number of people and
their properties. The use of ferry transport has also been found to be
unreliable due to flood events and extreme draughts.
8.2 Project Alternative

The choice of “Project alternative” means the project should be
implemented as proposed. The implementation of this project shall lead
into reliable transport throughout the year as opposed to the continued
dependence on ferry transport. Moreover, the benefits accrued from
implementation of this project seem to surpass those obtained from the “No
project alternative”.
8.3 No Project Alternative versus Project Alternative

Table 8.1 shows the comparison between the “No project alternative” and
the “Project alternative” based on the number of parameters. The
comparison table has shown that in terms of total score the “No Project
Alternative” has a negative score of 3 points (-3) and the “Project
Alternative” has a positive score of 3 points (+3). It can therefore be
concluded that the construction of bridge across Kilombero River is` more
preferable than continuing to use ferry boat transport. This conclusion is
also supported by detailed discussion below.
(a) Operation and Maintenance costs

The operation and maintenance costs for ferry boat are considered higher
than those of constructed bridge, which has a design period estimated to be
more than 20 years. The frequent breakdown of ferry boat makes the
maintenance costs become higher than that of the constructed bridge. The
seasonal fluctuations of water level in the Kilombero River leads into

HOWRD HUMPREYS
increased operational costs due to dreading requirements during dry

seasons to enable the ferry boat to cross the river.
(b) Construction versus cost of new ferry costs

The construction costs of bridge could be considered to be initially
significant, but could not be compared with cost incurred from purchasing a
new ferry boat, which will need frequent maintenance. Moreover, due to
fluctuating water levels in the Kilombero River the use of ferry boat is not
preferable. In this regards, it is better to incur initial costs of constructing a
bridge across the river.
(c) Risk of accidents

The use of ferry transport has been found to pose a higher risk of accidents
compared to bridge crossings across the Kilombero River. This fact is
supported by the pervious experience when in 2003 a ferry boat capsized,
leading into loss of life to people and their properties.
(d) Transportation costs

The cost of transport by using a ferry boat is considered to be higher than
using a bridge. This should be the case because pedestrians, non-motorized
traffic and vehicular traffic have to pay fare when using a ferry boat.
(e) Reliability of transport

The use of ferry transport has been found to be unreliable due to fluctuation
water levels in the Kilombero River, For example during floods water
currents become strong, hence limiting the operation of ferry boat and
during dry seasons it becomes difficult to navigate without doing some
dredging works due to low water level in the river.
TABLE 8.1:NO PROEJCT ALTERNTIVE VS PROJECT ALTERNATIVE
PARAMETER NO PROJECT PROJECT ALTERNATIVE

ALTERNATIVE
High Low Score H Low Score
igh
Operation and Maintenance
costs -√ -1 +√ +1
Construction costs versus
Cost of new ferry +√ +1 -√ -1
Risk of accidents -√ -1 +√ +1
Transportation costs -√ -1 +√ +1
Reliability of Transport -√ +√

HOWRD HUMPREYS
TOTAL SCORE -3 +3
9.0 TERMS OF REFERENCE

The Terms of Reference (TOR) for conducting Environmental and Social
Impact Assessment (ESIA (study is outlined in Appendix 4. The TOR
outlines:
♦ Issues to be considered in the ESIA study
♦ The scope of work
♦ Reporting requirements (including report format)
♦ Staffing requirements

HOWRD HUMPREYS
APPENDICES

HOWRD HUMPREYS
APPENDIX 1: ISSUES AND PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED BY VARIOUS

STAKEHOLDERS
STAKEHOLDER ISSUE / PROBLEMS PROPOSED MITIGATION

S MEASURES
Ifakara ♦ Materials are being ♦ Formal agreement
Secondary extracted from the Borrow between Contractor and
School Girls pits located within the school School administration
Administration without permission and no before commencing
compensation is being paid extraction of materials
to the school administration.
♦ Contractor should pay
compensation to the
School administration for
extracted materials or
damage caused to the
site.
♦ Contractors carry out any ♦ Contractor should restore
restoration to the abandoned the abandoned borrow
borrow pits, hence making pits
the area prone to soil erosion
♦ Water ponds in the ♦ Backfill the abandoned
abandoned borrow pits are borrow pits.
creating breeding sites for
mosquitoes, hence
increasing incidence of
malaria among the school
children.
♦ Continued extraction of ♦ Avoid extraction of
materials close to Lumemo materials close to the
river banks may cause river river banks.
bank failure, hence resulting
into flood hazards.
♦ Dust emission and Risk of ♦ Contractor must sprinkle
accidents to school children water on the haulage
due to speeding trucks road passing through the
passing through the school school to minimize dust
during haulage of borrow pit emission.
materials.
♦ Contractor must put
speed humps to minimize
risk of accidents.
♦ Noise nuisance from trucks ♦ Transportation of materials
transporting borrow pit should be done only during
materials through the school weekends to avoid noise
during classroom hours. nuisance during classroom
hours.

HOWRD HUMPREYS
STAKEHOLDER ISSUE / PROBLEMS PROPOSED MITIGATION

S MEASURES
Natural Resource  There will be loss of ♦ Contractor should
Officer properties. compensate for lost
properties.
 Loss of vegetation, especially ♦ Contractor should replant
trees. lost vegetation with
indigenous species.
♦ There should be a
programme to plant
ornamental trees species
long the approach roads to
improve the quality of
landscape.
 Loss of soil from roadsides  Land owners must be
and borrow pits. compensated for
extracted materials.
♦ There should be a written

contract on the
modalities of materials
extraction. These include
compensation payment
and restoration of borrow
pits.
District Health  The project will result into  The road design should
Officer increased vehicular accidents include bus stations along
due to speeding vehicles. the approach roads for
passengers.
 Speed humps should be

provided within
settlements.
 Initiate traffic /road safety

campaigns to educate
road users.
 Incidence of sexually  Organize HIV / AIDS
transmitted diseases like HIV / campaigns as well as
AIDS is likely to increase birth control
because of immigration of
people searching for  Initiate awareness
employment to the project campaigns on HIV / AIDS
area. for both local communities
and construction
workforce.
Village ♦
authorities and
local
communities
along the
approach roads.
HOWRD HUMPREYS

HOWRD HUMPREYS
APPENDIX 2: SUMMARY OF VIEWS EXPRESSED BY VARIOUS

STAKEHOLDERS
ISSUES VIEWS EPXRESSED

Workers camp site ♦ Should be located far from local community settlements to
avoid disturbance and noise nuisance.
♦ HIV / AIDS prevention programme should be prepared and

implemented.
Noise nuisance ♦ Not a threat to the local communities, it should be
minimised.
Resettlement ♦ People to be affected by the project should be identified
and compensated in accordance with the laws and
compensation guidelines.
♦ Transparency is critically important during valuation and

compensation exercise.
♦ TANROADS / Government should demarcate the

boundaries of the road reserve so as to avoid further
encroachment.
Selous Game Reserve ♦ Selous Game Reserve may be affected by heavy
equipment during construction.
Cultural tensions / ♦ Contractor / TANROADS should maintain regular meetings
conflicts between with community representatives to allow friendly
workers and local communication so that community members could iron out
communities their concerns regarding behaviour of the construction
workers.
Road accidents ♦ There should be a provision for non-motorized lanes.
♦ Speed humps should be put road sections passing through

human settlements, schools and sharp corners.
♦ Police department should be keen in controlling the quality

of drivers.
♦ TANROADS should ensure road signs are appropriately

placed along the road.
♦ The road design should ensure that there are dedicated

lanes for non-motorized road users.
♦ Contractor should ensure construction related accidents

are controlled by abiding to safety standards.
♦ Construction workers should be trained on proper use of

heavy machinery and equipment.
HIV / AIDS ♦ Workers camp site should be the focus for HIV / AIDS
HOWRD HUMPREYS
campaigns.
♦ Identify local capacity in dealing with HIV / AIDS
♦ Contractor should arrange for HIV / AIDS prevention

programme targeting both construction camp and local
community.
♦ Priority should be given to local residents during

employment of unskilled labour to minimize increased
transmission of HIV / AIDS among the local communities.
♦ Programme on HIV / AIDS should target groups such as

commercial sex workers in Ifakara, barmaids as well as
food vendors, especially women near construction site.
♦ NGOs and CBOs working on HIV / AIDS prevention in the

project area should be consulted during implementation of
HIV / AIDS campaigns.
♦ Construction camp should be located far from the local

community settlements to minimize HIV / AIDS
transmission.
Temporary employment ♦ Road construction may stimulate income generation for
employed people.
♦ The construction should use local casual labour.
♦ Skills acquired during construction will remain as an asset

to community members.
Income generation ♦ Youth and women will benefit from the project by selling
food, drinks to construction workforce.
♦ Expenditure from construction workers will increase

community income.
Tourism ♦ The impact may happen beyond the project area.

HOWRD HUMPREYS
APPENDIX 3: NAMES OF STAKEHOILDERS CONSIULTED

HOWRD HUMPREYS

HOWRD HUMPREYS
APPENDIX 4: TERMS OF REFERENCE
1. INTRODUCTION
This project involves construction of concrete piles bridge across Kilombero
River and its approach roads into bitumen standard. The proposed bridge is
expected to have 360 m span and 7.5 m width, with 1.5 m pedestrian
crossings on both sides. The two approach roads, one on the northern side
will be about 5 Km long and the other one on the south will be about 6 Km
long
It is expected that the construction of the proposed bridge shall provide
reliable crossing for pedestrians and vehicular traffic as well as non-
motorized traffic. It will also reduce if not eliminate risk of accidents, hence
loss to human life and properties. The reliable crossing will also increase
the number of tourists visiting the Selous Game Reserve.
The project is being financed and implemented by Tanzania National Roads
Agency (TANROADS) through Regional Manager, TANROADS – Morogoro.
However, before implementing the project it has been necessary to carry
out Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) study in
accordance with the Environmental Impact Assessment and Audit
Regulations of 2005. The intention is to identify any adverse (negative)
environmental and social impacts associated with this project and
thereafter propose appropriate mitigation measures and incorporate them
into the design process.
Thus, on March 2009 Regional Manager, TANROADS – Morogoro (Hereinafter
referred to as the Client) commissioned NIMETA CONSULT LTD in association
with HOWARD HUMPHREYS (T) LTD (Hereinafter referred to as the
Consultant) to carry out Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
(ESIA) study. In this regards, the purpose of this Terms of Reference (TOR)
is to guide the Consultant to address relevant environmental and social
issues during the assessment process. Among others the ESIA study shall
be conducted in accordance with the requirements of the Environmental
Impact Assessment and Audit Regulations of 2005. The Consultant shall do
everything necessary to meet the objectives of the services and not less
than outlined tasks in the scope of work.
2. SCOPE OF WORK
Task 1: Description of the Proposed Project

The Consultant shall provide a brief description of the relevant parts of the
project using maps of appropriate scale where necessary and include the
following information:
• Project justification;
• Location;
HOWRD HUMPREYS
• General layout, size, and capacity;

• Area of influence of the road works;
• Pre-construction activities;
• Construction activities;
• Schedule of project activities;
• Staffing and support;
• Facilities and services;
• Operation and maintenance activities;
• Required offsite investments;
• Life span.
• [Note: specify any other type of information relevant to the
description of the project category.]
Task 2: Description of the Environment

Assemble, evaluate, and present baseline data on the relevant
environmental characteristics of the study area. Include information on any
changes anticipated before the project commences. Modify the lists below
to show the critical information for this project category or which is relevant
to it. Environmental characteristics of the study area shall be presented on
a map to facilitate the understanding of the study area.
Physical environment: cover geology; topography; soils; climate and
meteorology; ambient air quality; surface and groundwater hydrology;
existing sources of air emissions; existing water pollution discharges; and
receiving water quality.
Biological environment: flora; fauna; rare or endangered species;
ecologically important or sensitive habitats, including parks or reserves,
significant natural sites; species of commercial importance; and species
with potential to be nuisances, vectors, or dangerous (of project site and
likely area of influence of the project).
Socio-cultural environment: population; land use; planned development
activities; community structure; employment; distribution of income, goods
and services; recreation; public health; Gender issues and HIV/AIDS, cultural
/ historic properties; tribal peoples; and customs, aspirations, and attitudes
to the project.
Task 3: Legislative, Policies, Administration Framework

Describe the pertinent regulations and standards governing environmental
quality, health and safety, protection of sensitive areas, protection of
endangered species, and land use control at international, national, regional
and local levels. The Consultant shall undertake a review of policies,
legislation and administrative framework within which the environmental
management of the proposed road works will be carried out. The following
and any other relevant legislation shall be reviewed:
HOWRD HUMPREYS
• Environmental Management Act, 2004;

• Environmental Impact Assessment and Audit Regulations, 2005;
• Road Act, 2007;
• Forestry Act, 2002;
• Wildlife Conservation (Amendment) Act, 1978;
• Local Government Act, 1982;
• Mining Act, 1998;
• Occupational Health and Safety Act, 2003;
• Tanzania Wildlife Policy, 1998;
• National Environmental Policy, 1997;
• Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines and Procedures, 1997;
• Land and Village Land Acts, 1999;
• National Land Use Planning Act, 2007;
• National Water Policy, 2002;
• National Forest Policy, 1998;
• World Bank Safeguard Policies.
Task 4: Assist in Interagency Coordination and Public/NGO

Participation
Assist in coordinating the EIA and SIA with other government agencies, in
obtaining the views of local NGOs and affected groups, and in keeping
records of meetings and other activities, communications, and comments
and their disposition. Establish the views of the public with regards to the
potential impacts of the proposed road works. Identify the different groups
of stakeholders, and then use the most appropriate method to establish
their views. Particular attention shall be paid to the disadvantaged groups
(e.g. children, the elderly and women) that may be affected by the
proposed road project.
The Consultant shall undertake an open and transparent consultation

process to ensure that the views of interested and affected parties are and
approximately incorporated in the project design.
Minutes of the meetings conducted during this public involvement should

be recorded for submission as part of the report. At least one meeting with
Environmental Committee of each district council shall be held to obtain
their views on the project and its implication to the environment and social
aspects.
Task 5: Analysis of Alternatives to the Proposed Project

Describe alternatives that were examined in the course of developing the
proposed project and identify other alternatives, which would achieve the
HOWRD HUMPREYS
same objectives. The concept of alternatives extends to siting, design,

technology selection, construction techniques and phasing, and operating
and maintenance procedures. Compare alternatives in terms of potential
environmental and social impacts; capital and operating costs; suitability
under local conditions; and institutional, training, and monitoring
requirements. When describing the impacts, indicate which are irreversible
or unavoidable and which can be mitigated. To the extent possible, quantify
the costs and benefits of each alternative, incorporating the estimated
costs of any associated mitigating measures. Include the alternative of not
constructing the project to demonstrate environmental and social
conditions without the project.
Various environmental and social criteria should be developed to select the

best project alternatives.
Task 6: Identification, Analysis and Assessment of Potential

Impacts
The Consultant shall identify, analyze and assess environmental and social
impacts of the proposed road works. The Consultant shall distinguish
between positive and negative impacts, direct and indirect impacts, and
immediate and long-term impacts. Identify impacts that are unavoidable or
irreversible. Wherever possible, describe impacts quantitatively, in terms of
environmental components affected (area, number), environmental and
social costs and benefits. Assign economic values when feasible;
characterize the extent and quality of available data, explaining significant
information deficiencies and any uncertainties associated with the predicted
impacts.
Task 7: Mitigation Measure

The Consultant shall suggest cost-effective measures for minimizing or
eliminating adverse impacts of the proposed road works. Measures for
enhancing beneficial impacts should also be recommended. The costs of
implementing these measures shall wherever possible be estimated and
presented. If compensation is recommended as one form of mitigation, the
Consultant shall identify all the names and physical addresses of people to
be compensated.
The Consultant shall review the ongoing measures on HIV/AIDS awareness

creation within the project area and propose for the mitigation measures.
The proposal shall include a plan of action which will identify responsible
key implementers, time frame and expected out put.

HOWRD HUMPREYS
Proposed mitigation measures and cost estimate shall be grouped in a

separate Bills of Quantities (BOQ) for the project and should also include
cost of supervision for the implementation of mitigation measures.
Task 8: Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)
The Environmental Management Plan focuses on three generic areas:
implementation of mitigation measures, institutional strengthening and
training, and monitoring. The Consultant shall prepare an Environmental
and Social Management Plan, which will include proposed work programme,
budget estimates, schedules, staffing and training requirements and other
necessary support services to implement the mitigation measures.
Institutional arrangements required for implementing this management
plan shall be indicated. The cost of implementing the monitoring and
evaluation including staffing, training and institutional arrangements must
be specified. Where monitoring and evaluation will require inter-agency
collaboration, this should be indicated.
Identify institutional needs to implement environmental assessment
recommendations. Review the authority and capability of institutions at
local, regional, and national levels and recommend how to strengthen the
capacity to implement the environmental and social management and
monitoring plans. The recommendations may cover such diverse topics as
new laws and regulations, new agencies or agency functions, inter-sectoral
arrangements, management procedures and training, staffing, operation
and maintenance training, budgeting, and financial support.
Prepare detailed arrangements to monitor the implementation of mitigating
measures and the impacts of the project during construction and operation.
Include in the plan an estimate of capital and operating costs and a
description of other required inputs.
In the case of land acquisition, a Resettlement Action Plan should be
prepared and implemented in accordance to the National Land and Village
Land Act 1999 and the World Bank Safeguards Policies.
3. REPORTING
The EIA and SIA reports should be concise and limited to significant
environmental and social Issues. The main text should focus on findings,
conclusions, and recommended actions supported by summaries of the
data collected and citations for any references used in interpreting data.
Detailed or un-interpreted data are not appropriate in the main text and
should be presented in appendices or a separate volume. Unpublished
documents used in the EIA and SIA may not be readily available and should
also be assembled in appendices.

HOWRD HUMPREYS
The Executive Summary in English and Kiswahili versions and ESIA main
report should be submitted according to the requirements of Regulations 19
to 21 of the Environmental Impact Assessment and Audit Regulations of
2005.
The Consultant is therefore required to prepare the EIA report, SIA

report, RAP report and ESIA Report according to the outline below:
3.1 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report

• Executive Summary
• Introduction
• Project description
• Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework
• Public Consultation
• Description of Environmental Setting
• Identification, Assessment and Analysis of Impacts
• Identification of alternatives
• Mitigation measures
• Environmental Management Plan
• Environmental Monitoring Plan
• Decommissioning Plan
• Conclusion and recommendations
• List of References
• Appendices
o List of names of the Consultant team
o Records and/or minutes of public consultations
o Data used during the analysis
o Any technical explanation of methods used (optional)
o Terms of Reference of this study.
3.2 Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Report

The social impact assessment report shall include the following:
• Introduction
• Description of Social Setting
• Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework,
HOWRD HUMPREYS
• Social Management Plan including Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)

• Social Monitoring Plan
• Appendices
3.3 The Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) Report

The Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) Report shall include the following:
 Description of the project
 Potential impacts
 Objectives
 Socio-economic studies
 Legal framework
 Eligibility
 Valuation of assets and compensation of losses
 Resettlement measures
 Site selection, site preparation and relocation
 Housing, infrastructure and social services
 Environmental protection and management
 Community participation
 Integration with host population
 Grievances procedures
 Organizational responsibilities
 Implementation schedule
 Cost and budget
 Monitoring and evaluation
3.4 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Report

The EIA and SIA Reports should be integrated to form ESIA Report, and shall
have the following format:
• Introduction
• Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework,
• Description of Environmental and Social Settings
HOWRD HUMPREYS

• Environmental and Social Management Plan
• Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan
• Decommissioning Plan
• Appendices
4. STAFFING
The Consultant’s staffing shall be comprised of:
 Environmental Impact Assessment Expert for conducting EIA study
and preparing ESIA report.
 Sociologist for conducting SIA study and preparing RAP report.
In addition to the above key professional staff the Consultant shall be

required to engage the following back-up staff to assist the Sociologist in
conducting RAP:
 Qualified Valuer
 Property Surveyor

HOWRD HUMPREYS

Scoping Report-Kilombero Bridge

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Scoping Report-Kilombero Bridge

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

MINISTRY OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEVERLOPMENT

DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN OF KILOMBERO

Environmental Scoping Report

TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER i NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

1.1 Project background

However, before implementing the project it has been necessary to carry

1.2 Environmental impact assessment requirements

However, before undertaking EIA study the Consultant is required to

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Justification for the project

2.2 The objective of the project

TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER 2 NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER 3 NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

2.3 Project activities

TABLE 2.1: PROJECT ACTIVITIES

• Identification and demarcation of Right of Way (RoW) and

• Implementation of compensation / resettlement plans for the

• Site clearing within the RoW / road reserve, borrow pits,

• Transportation of equipment and construction materials (e.g.

• Operation of borrow pits, quarry sites and cement / asphalt

• Stockpiling of construction materials such as sand, stone

• Installation of culverts and bridge structures

• Creation of road side drains and storm water drainages and

• Transportation of construction materials such as sand,

• Rehabilitation / restoration of access roads.

TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER 4 NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

• Closure and restoration of materials storage yards and stone

• Dismantling / demolition of cement / asphalt batch plant and

2.4 Project Design

The location of the bridge as proposed in the Feasibility study and

The design has taken into consideration the following aspects:

2.5 Materials requirements

b) Crushed aggregates and surface dressing chips:

3.0 SCOPING METHODOLOGY

TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER 6 NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

b) To focus the study on reasonable alternatives and relevant issues to

Thus, the Scoping exercise involved stakeholder consultation to obtain their

In general methodology involved:

4.0 RESULTS OF PUBLIC / STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS

TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER 7 NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

♦ Availability of markets to agricultural produce.

However, they had the following concerns regarding the project:

The identified issues / problems and proposed mitigation by various

5.0 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE

5.1 Positive Impacts

5.2 Negative Impacts

d) Air pollution due to dust emission from road construction (mainly

TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER 9 NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

6.0 STAKEHOLDER GROUPS IDENTIFIED AND THEIR INVOLVEMENT

6.1 Authorities or Decision makers

6.3 Affected parties (Directly or indirectly)

6.4 Interested parties

TANROADS REGIONAL MANAGER 11 NIMETA CONSULT (T) LTD in

7.0 PROJECT BOUNDARIES

7.1 Spatial boundaries

7.2 Temporal boundaries

7.3 Institutional boundaries

The Ministry of Infrastructure Development is responsible for overseeing

implementation and awareness creation among the local communities.

8.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

8.1 No Project Alternative