In amplitude modulation the amplitude of carrier wave is varied depending upon the modulating (intelligence) signal.

To perform this task, the carrier and modulating waves are passed through a non-linear device. This generates a signal which contains the components of the sum and difference frequencies of the original two frequencies. Let us first see with the help of simple mathematics, how these components get generated in the amplitude modulated signal. In the modulation theory, the frequency of the modulating signal to be transmitted is denoted by fm and the frequency of the carrier wave is donated by fc. The carrier wave is usually represented by an equation
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