You are on page 1of 33

.


,
:


10


11


12

,,

13

,
,
,
,
,
,

()

14

,
,

15

16

():

(,)

:
,,,

17

18

19

20

Ly

Lx

21

..

lx

ly

22

ly

lx

..

23

..

lx

ly

24

,
:

dp/lmin<0.2

dp/lmin>0.2

25

dmin=7cm

dmin=10cm

dmin=12cm

26

dmin=1/35lomin
,
.

dmin=l/10l/12

27

lomin

lomin=4/5l

lomin=4/5l

28

..
814mm

2d20cm

814

4d30cm

min=GA0,15%,RA0,10%,MA=0,075%
Ar=0,2Ammin=GA0,1%,RA0,085%,MA=0,075%

29

..
814mm

1.5d20cm

814

3d30cm

min=GA0,15%,RA0,10%,MA=0,075%
Ar=0,2Ammin=GA0,1%,RA0,085%,MA=0,075%

30

40cm().

4cm
.

31

lo

l=1.05lo

32

lo

lo

b>0,1ll=1.05l0
b<0,1ll=l0+b

33

You might also like