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  • Synapase and Relfexes DR Babsaay

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    Nico Robin
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    The document discusses synapses and reflexes. A synapse is a junction where nerve impulses are transmitted between two neurons. There are two main types of synapses - excitatory and inhibitory. Excitatory synapses use neurotransmitters like acetylcholine and norepinephrine to open sodium channels and transmit action potentials, while inhibitory synapses use neurotransmitters like GABA and serotonin to open chloride channels and inhibit transmission. Reflexes are basic responses mediated by reflex arcs involving sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. There are two main types - monosynaptic reflexes involving a single synapse, and polysynaptic reflexes involving multiple synapses.

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    Synapase and Relfexes Dr Babsaay

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    The document discusses synapses and reflexes. A synapse is a junction where nerve impulses are transmitted between two neurons. There are two main types of synapses - excitatory and inhibitory. Excitatory synapses use neurotransmitters like acetylcholine and norepinephrine to open sodium channels and transmit action potentials, while inhibitory synapses use neurotransmitters like GABA and serotonin to open chloride channels and inhibit transmission. Reflexes are basic responses mediated by reflex arcs involving sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. There are two main types - monosynaptic reflexes involving a single synapse, and polysynaptic reflexes involving multiple synapses.

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    14 views9 pages

    Synapase and Relfexes DR Babsaay

    Uploaded by

    Nico Robin
    The document discusses synapses and reflexes. A synapse is a junction where nerve impulses are transmitted between two neurons. There are two main types of synapses - excitatory and inhibitory. Excitatory synapses use neurotransmitters like acetylcholine and norepinephrine to open sodium channels and transmit action potentials, while inhibitory synapses use neurotransmitters like GABA and serotonin to open chloride channels and inhibit transmission. Reflexes are basic responses mediated by reflex arcs involving sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. There are two main types - monosynaptic reflexes involving a single synapse, and polysynaptic reflexes involving multiple synapses.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 9

    Synapse & reflexes

    1 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

    What is a synapse: Junction Impulse are transmitted o Nerve to nerve o Nerve to muscle o Nerve to glands Types of synapses 1. Where the synapse is located

    2.

    Types of post-synaptic cell

    2 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

    Inhibitory: 3. Type of transmitter a. Electrical b. Chemical Cl- channels open Inhibition of transmission Transmitters: o Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) o Serotonin

    Function of synapses Determine direction of signal Perform a selective action Memory o Facilitation

    How is the impulse transmitted?

    4.

    Excitatory or inhibitory a. Transmitter b. Ion

    Excitatory: Na+ (other cations) channels open Transmits an action potential Transmitters: o Acetylcholine o Norepinephrine

    3 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

    Neurotransmitters Receptors

    What are neurotransmitters? Types of neurotransmitters: Small molecule rapidly acting o Acute responses o Synthesized in the cytosol of the pre-synaptic terminal o Vesicles are recycled
    4 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

    Neuropeptides o More prolonged actions o Synthesized in the neuronal cell body o Vesicles are autolyzed

    Examples of neurotransmitters:

    5 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

    Types of receptors: Excitatory or inhibitory o Excitatory receptors: Na+ (other cations) channels open Transmits an action potential o Inhibitory receptors Cl- channels open Inhibition of transmission

    Ion channels vs. Second messenger o Ion channels Allows entry/ exit of ions

    6 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

    Second messenger Activate a substance in the cytoplasm

    Neuromuscular junction

    7 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

    8 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

    Types of reflexes Monosynaptic o Stretch reflex o Single synapse o Example: Knee-jerk reflex

    Reflexes
    Basic unit: reflex arc

    Polysynaptic o Multiple synapses o Example: Withdrawal reflex

    9 ADC- KAFC: UPH DJGTMU | Synapse & reflexes by Dr. Babsa-ay

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