Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Lecture 4 - Central Synapse - 17 Oct 2006

    Uploaded by

    api-3703352
    15 views17 pages
    The document discusses synaptic transmission and the electrical and ionic processes involved. It describes both chemical and electrical synapses. Chemical synapses involve the secretion of neurotransmitters from presynaptic neurons that act on postsynaptic receptors, causing either excitation or inhibition depending on the receptor type. Electrical synapses allow for direct ion flow between connected cells through gap junctions, allowing action potentials to be conducted bidirectionally. Neurotransmitters can have fast-acting direct effects through ion channels or slow-acting secondary messenger cascade effects.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    The document discusses synaptic transmission and the electrical and ionic processes involved. It describes both chemical and electrical synapses. Chemical synapses involve the secretion of neurotransmitters from presynaptic neurons that act on postsynaptic receptors, causing either excitation or inhibition depending on the receptor type. Electrical synapses allow for direct ion flow between connected cells through gap junctions, allowing action potentials to be conducted bidirectionally. Neurotransmitters can have fast-acting direct effects through ion channels or slow-acting secondary messenger cascade effects.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    15 views17 pages

    Lecture 4 - Central Synapse - 17 Oct 2006

    Uploaded by

    api-3703352
    The document discusses synaptic transmission and the electrical and ionic processes involved. It describes both chemical and electrical synapses. Chemical synapses involve the secretion of neurotransmitters from presynaptic neurons that act on postsynaptic receptors, causing either excitation or inhibition depending on the receptor type. Electrical synapses allow for direct ion flow between connected cells through gap junctions, allowing action potentials to be conducted bidirectionally. Neurotransmitters can have fast-acting direct effects through ion channels or slow-acting secondary messenger cascade effects.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 17

    Synaptic Transmission I:

    Electrical & Ionic Processes

    Chemical synapse :

    -Neurotransmitter is secreted

    Acts on postsynaptic receptors

    -Either excitation or inhibition

    depending on receptor

    -Conduction is one way


    Electrical synapse :

    Cardiac, visceral smooth muscle

    -Gap junctions : free ion movement

    Conduct AP between cells

    -Conduct in two directions


    Neurotransmitter affects another cell

    Same transmitter at neuron synapses

    Fast receptors : directly-gated flow

    Slow receptors : cascade of events

    Small, large molecular weight


    Fast receptors, rapidly acting

    Directly-gated ionic flow

    Synthesized in terminal or soma

    Ach, aspartate, glutamate

    GABA, glycine
    Rapidly acting transmitters

    Ach : NMJ, motor cortex

    GABA : Spinal cord, B. ganglia

    Glycine : Spinal cord

    Glutamate : Sensory pathways


    Mechanism of Release
    Excitation : Na+ inflow

    Inhibition : K+ out, Cl- in

    EPSP, IPSP

    Hillock, threshold - 45 mv
    Axo-axonic synapses

    Presynaptic inhibition

    Na+, Ca2+ channels

    Presynaptic facilitation

    Spatial, temporal summation


    Slow R., slowly acting

    Second messenger pathways

    Synthesized in soma

    Neuropeptides, neuroregulation

    Enkephalines, endorphins, substance P

    Metabotropic
    Slowly acting

    NE : β-adrenergic symp.

    Dopamine : S. Nigra

    Serotonin : Raphe Nucleus

    Ach : muscarinic autonomic

    You might also like