Lehrstuhl f ur Technische Thermodynamik Fakult at f ur Maschinenbau Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Prof. Dr. rer. nat. habil. U. Maas M.Tech.

Pratyush Sharma

Karlsruhe, May, 3th , 2013 SS 2013

Tutorial in Thermodynamics II
Sheet 3 3. 1. Compute the specic humidity (mass ratio) and the relative humidity of humid air at 1 bar and 30 C, if the water vapor starts to condense at 25 C during isobaric cooling. 2. The same humid air is compressed isothermally in a cylinder. At which pressure does the water vapor start to condense? How much heat per kilogram of dry air has to be extracted during the compression? Assume that dry air and water vapor are perfect gases with: Ra = 0.29J K1 g1 and Rv = 0.46J K1 g1 Assume that for the saturation vapor pressure of water, there holds: ps (T ) = a exp(b/T + c) with a = 0.0233 bar, b = 6793.6 K and c = 23.2. 4. Humid air at t1 = 20 C and p1 = 1 bar contains water droplets. To determine the droplet content, the air is throttled adiabatically in a calorimeter until all droplets are evaporated. The temperature of the throttled air is t2 = 15 C. 1. What is the water droplet content per kilogram of dry air? 2. What is the highest pressure after the throttling, at which all droplets are evaporated? Assume that changes in kinetic and potential energy can be neglected. Also, assume that dry air and water vapour are perfect gases. Dry air: Ra = 0.29 JK1 g1 , cp,a = 1.0 J K1 g1 . Water vapour: Rv = 0.46 J K1 g1 , cp,v = 1.9 JK1g1 . Properties of water: Enthalpy of vaporization: hv (0 C) = 2500 Jg1 Saturation pressure: pS (15 C) = 17.04 mbar, pS (20 C) = 23.37 mbar Specic heat capacity of liquid water: cw,l = 4.2 JK1 g1