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Boiler Design & Its Construction: Moiz - A - Shamsi
Boiler Design & Its Construction: Moiz - A - Shamsi
Moiz . A . Shamsi
What is a Boiler ?
STEAM
Heat
Elementary Concepts
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Boiling
Process of vapor generation that take place in whole mass of a liquid, bubbles forming inside the liquid and on the surface Boiling occurs at definite temp. & pressure.
Steam
superheated
If additional heat is imparted to saturated steam without changing the pressure so that it has no water vapors.
Classification of Boilers
Boilers
Low Pressure Boilers P < 103 KPa H igh Pressure Boilers P > 103 Kpa
Other Criteria
Basis
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Types
Fired or Unfired Boilers Natural or Forced Circulation
Operation
Boiler Furnace Steam Drum Burner Risers & Down Comers Economizer Super heater Water Walls Furnace Draught System
Boiler Furnace
The section of Boiler where fuel is burned to generate heat. Heat is transferred to risers through radiation.
Steam Drum
Steam Drum is a high pressure vessel which serves as; a large reservoir for Boiler Feed Water center for water distribution steam purifier saturated steam collector & supplier to super heater
Burners
They are located in the vertical wall of the combustion chamber and burn fuel.
Down comers located in cooler regions of furnace Risers located in the hottest zone of furnace. Water in risers is in 2 phase & hence less dense than that of down comers. Therefore, a positive circulation is produced due to density difference.
Economizer
Economizer is device which is used for heating the Boiler feed water by means of the exhaust gases. Economizer ; reduce losses of heat with the flue gases
Super heater
It is used to superheat the saturated steam.
saturated steam from the steam drum rises through demister pads and enters into a series of tubes which are located in the boiler furnace convection section
First it passes through the primary super heater & then finally, the final super heater.
Protect lining
Appreciably increase the steam generating capacity of unit without increasing its dimensions.
A forced draft system uses a fan to force or push air through the furnace.
Low fuel gas pressure Low combustion air flow BFW Quality
Boilers in ECPL
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Utility -I
Utility - II
SG-681