HAND TOOLS

Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Semester 1st Class X Dasar Kompetensi Kejuruan SK-KD 5

DIAGRAM ALUR PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI

Tool Material
high strength alloy steel, should be light and easy to use in tight quarters, slim and properly designed for your hand.
Quality Tools are heated treated. Machine to a close tolerance. A 3/4 opening is a 3/4. Tools are polished Good lifetime guarantee.

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Tips to Remember

KEEP YOUR TOOLS CLEAN Separate cutting tools Lightly oil any tool that might rust Delicate measuring tools- keep in protective containers, such as micrometers etc. Mark your tools with Drivers license. Put Name & license Number on all tools

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Screw drivers

Flat blade - conventional - blade should fit slot snug and be the same width

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Screw drivers

Phillips

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Screw drivers
Pozidrive

Reed and Prince

clutch

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Screw drivers

Allen or Hex tip

Scurlox or Square Drive

Torx

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Screw drivers

Hand Impact Drivers

Used to remove stubborn screws insert right size bit turn in direction you want to go and strike with a hammer.
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Screw drivers
Offset

Screwdrivers are classed in size of shank such as 3/16, 1/4, 5/16, and length of shank such as 2", 4", 6". Some manufactures take length of shank and handle. Normally just the shank is measured.
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Pliers

Combination slip joint pliers

Diagonal side cutters Adjustable Joint

Needle nose

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Pliers
Locking Pliers or Vise grips Combination pliers

Wire Strippers and Crimpers

Snap ring - internal external

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Punches & Chisels

Center punch - use before drilling or to mark metal

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Punches & Chisels

Aligning punch sometimes called a Long Taper or Line up

Drift or Pin punch same size shaft

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Chisels
Flat Cold chisel: most common, safety glasses should be worn, make sure cutting edge is sharp. Striking surface or top of chisel should not be mushroomed, it should be smooth with a slight taper.

Mushroomed chisels

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Hammer
Tips on Hammer use
1. Strike face of hammer head squarely 2. Make sure head is secure on hammer handle (Hammer Head is wedged on in both directions) 3. Never swing hammer in the direction that someone is standing 4. Keep handle clean and dry, is handle cracked or broken. 5. Use the proper size hammer for the job.

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Hammer
Ball Peen - most common General purpose head may weigh

Claw Hammer - this is Auto shop not Wood shop

Dead blow - shot filled,

plastic coating

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Who
Rubber Mallet
Plastic Tipped - with replaceable tips

Brass Hammer

Plastic Tipped

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Wrenches
Wrenches are a way to remove and replace bolts etc but they are slow use as a last resort you should use air tools or ratchets if at all possible (Remember, pull with a wrench you have better control, if you do push, push with palm open.)

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Wrenches open end

size is determined by width of opening, end is usually offset 15 degrees, each end is a different size

Box end Wrench

End is totally enclosed in 6 or 12 point openings. Can be double offset or box offset 15 degrees for clearance for hand.

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Wrenches
Combination Wrench
One end open, one end boxed both the same size can be different lengths

Boxed ends can be either 6 or 12 point.

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Wrenches
Adjustable open end Wrench

Not a replacement for all other wrenches, discuss proper use, tends to slip. Adjust jaws firmly. Try to always use the correct size wrench. Should only put pressure on the fixed jaw.
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Wrenches Sockets
Sockets come in many sizes with different openings. 6 pt. & 12 pt. Are the most common 8 pt or double square are used on square nuts. Square (4 sided) sockets are also used in special applications

6 point

8 point

12 point
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Wrenches
Drive size common to Automotive are 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4 - square hole

Shallow or Regular size chrome and Impact

deep sockets chrome and Impact

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Wrenches
Socket handles

ratchet - short and long

Swivel Ratchet
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Wrenches
Socket handles
speed handle - and swivel speed handle

flex handle or breaker bar long and short

sliding T bar

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Torque wrenches

Split beam torque wrench

beam

Dial type sometimes referred to as a Micrometer type

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Torque wrenches
Come in inch lbs and foot lbs Always look up tightening sequence Always look up the amount of Torque If large number divide the torque into smaller amounts and torque in steps. Pull with a steady pull, do not jerk Make sure threads are clean Remember that it takes more force to start a fastener then to keep it turning.

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Hack saws

Used to cut metal Blade length 8, 10, 12, Semi-flexible blades, High speed blades.

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Hack saws Blades

Teeth per inch (T.P.I.) Teeth on hack saw go forward Learn how to properly hold the hacksaw

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Files
Single cut - rows of teeth run in one direction Double cut - teeth run at an angle to each other

Shapes of files

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Gasket Scrapers/Cleanup tools

putty knifes

Gasket scrapers razor blades (not shown)

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Pick up tools

Heavy duty Telescoping Magnetic Pick up tool

Telescoping Magnet

Flexible Fingers Pick up tool

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snips
Tin snips / Straight Tinner Snips

Offset model aviation snips

Left cut model - for cutting straight and tight left curves Right cut model - for cutting straight and tight right curves Straight cut model - for cutting straight and mild curves both left and right

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Drills
Twist Drills

Safety Hints
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Firm grip on the drill Unplug drill before removing or installing drill bit Don't wear loose clothing Secure the work firmly Wear safety glasses Make sure drill is properly grounded Do not stand on wet surface when using power tools

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Tap & Dies

Taps are used to cut internal threads

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Tap & Dies

Dies

Dies are used to cut external threads on stock or bolts

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Tap & Dies

Tap wrench

Die Stock
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Solder Guns

If solder gun does not work do these three things 1. Tighten the nuts, the screw or allen set screw on the soldering tip. (do not over tighten as it gets hot then cold it will expand then contract these will always come lose) 2. Clean and sand the tip of the solder gun 3. Tin the tip of the solder gun
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Pullers
Two jaw
Steering wheel Harmonic balance puller

Slide Hammer Puller

Three jaw

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Special Tools

ring compressors Use for install piston into cylinder

ring expanders Use for Install and remove Piston ring

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Special Tools
valve spring compressors Use for Install or remove valve unit to Cylinder Head

Brake Spoon Use for adjust brake clearance

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Special Tools
Grease Gun

Test Light Use to test for power

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BIBLIOGRAPHY: PHS Automotive Sales

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Thanks very much

Presented by Aloysius Sudibyo SMK Negeri 1 Magelang