Some Useful Formulas and constants Constants

g = 9.81 m / s G = 6.67  10
11 Nm 2 / kg 2 M Earth = 5.97  10 24 kg M Sun = 1.99  1030 kg REarth = 6.37  10 m
6

Linear Momentum and Collisions

p = mv , P = p1 + .... + pn ( for system)


dP
= Fnet ,ext ( P = const if Fnet ,ext = 0) dt

1D elastic

RSun = 6.96  108 m

 m1
m2   2m2  v1 f =  m +m  v1i +  m +m  v2 i 2  2   1  1  2m1   m2
m1   v2 f =  m +m  v1i +   v2 i 2   1  m1 + m2 

1D inelastic (v
v2 f ) coefficient of restitution e =
1f (v1i
v2i ) Universal Gravitation

Kinematics (a=const)

1
r2 = r1 + v1 (t2
t1 ) + a (t2
t1 ) 2 2

2 v2
v12 = 2a  (r2
r1 )
Circular Motion

v2 = v1 + a (t 2
t1 )

ar = ac =

v2 r

at =

dv dt

T=

dist 2
r = speed v

Newtons Laws

r 2 3 4  r T2 = GM

Fg =

GMm
2

Ug =

GMm r

F net

=
F = ma

F12 =
F21
Fs ( x ) =
kx

Rotational Motion (fixed axis)

s t = r , I =  net I cm = I cm I cm

vt = r , K rot =

a t = r 1 2 I 2

Fg = mg

f s
f s ,max = s n
Relative Motion

fk = k n

v AB = v A
vB

1 MR 2 disk or solid cylinder 2 1 = ML2 rod 12 = MR 2 ring , hoop, cylinder shell

Work and Energy 1 K = mv 2 U g = mgh 2

I = I cm + Md 2 parallel
axis theorem

Us =

1 2 kx 2

E = K +Ug +Us E = Wnc W f k =
fd

l = r  p angular momentum ( particle)

L = I angular momentum (rigid
body )


dL
L = const (if  net ,ext = 0) =  net ,ext dt W = K rot = 1 1 I f2 I ii2 f
2 2 work done on the object