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  • Defenses - Obli

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    Stellar Em
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    The document lists various real and personal defenses that can be used against enforcement of contracts or negotiable instruments. The real defenses include minority, forgery, material alteration, and ultra vires acts. The personal defenses relate more to the formation of the contract or instrument and include lack or illegality of consideration, conditional delivery, fraud, duress, unreasonable time between signing and filling out details, and mistakes.

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    Defenses in Obligations and Contracts

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    The document lists various real and personal defenses that can be used against enforcement of contracts or negotiable instruments. The real defenses include minority, forgery, material alteration, and ultra vires acts. The personal defenses relate more to the formation of the contract or instrument and include lack or illegality of consideration, conditional delivery, fraud, duress, unreasonable time between signing and filling out details, and mistakes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    6 views1 page

    Defenses - Obli

    Uploaded by

    Stellar Em
    The document lists various real and personal defenses that can be used against enforcement of contracts or negotiable instruments. The real defenses include minority, forgery, material alteration, and ultra vires acts. The personal defenses relate more to the formation of the contract or instrument and include lack or illegality of consideration, conditional delivery, fraud, duress, unreasonable time between signing and filling out details, and mistakes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 1

    REAL DEFENSES

    1. Minority 2. Forgery 3. Non-delivery of Incomplete Instrument 4. Material Alteration 5. Ultra Vires act of Corporation 6. Fraud in Factum or Esse Contractus 7. Illegality if declared void for any purpose 8. Vicious Force or Violence 9. Want of Authority 10. Prescription 11. Discharge in Insolvency

    PERSONAL DEFENSES
    1. Failure or Absence of Consideration 2. Illegal Consideration 3. Non-delivery of Complete Instrument 4. Conditional delivery of Complete Instrument 5. Fraud in Inducement 6. Filling up blank not within authority 7. Duress or intimidation 8. Filling up blank beyond reasonable time 9. Transfer in breach of faith 10. Mistake 11. Insertion of a wrong date 12. Ante-dating or postdating for illegal or fraudulent purpose

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