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  • The Digestive System: Hey-Chew On This! We've Made It To The.

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    The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body. It includes the alimentary canal and accessory organs. Food is physically and chemically broken down as it moves through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines. Accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas produce enzymes and bile that aid in digestion. Diseases of the digestive system include appendicitis, ulcers, hernias, and disorders of the liver, gallbladder and pancreas.

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    The Digestive System

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    The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body. It includes the alimentary canal and accessory organs. Food is physically and chemically broken down as it moves through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines. Accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas produce enzymes and bile that aid in digestion. Diseases of the digestive system include appendicitis, ulcers, hernias, and disorders of the liver, gallbladder and pancreas.

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    14 views12 pages

    The Digestive System: Hey-Chew On This! We've Made It To The.

    Uploaded by

    lolapeich
    The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body. It includes the alimentary canal and accessory organs. Food is physically and chemically broken down as it moves through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines. Accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder and pancreas produce enzymes and bile that aid in digestion. Diseases of the digestive system include appendicitis, ulcers, hernias, and disorders of the liver, gallbladder and pancreas.

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    of 12

    Hey- chew on this! Weve made it to the..

    The Digestive System

    Gastrointestinal System Function-physical and chemical breakdown of food


    Includes alimentary canal and accessory organs Accessory organs: Salivary glands, tongue, teeth, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

    Alimentary canal
    Mouth- physical and chemical breakdown. Mastication-the act of chewing Saliva contains enzyme amylase to break down carbohydrates

    Pharynx- contains opening to trachea as well. Epiglottis covers opening of trachea. Esophagus-muscular tube dorsal to trachea Relies on a rhythmic wave-like motion called peristalsis

    Esophagus- transverse view

    Sphincter-a circular muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural orifice (opening) Cardiac sphincter Pyloric sphincter Food sits in stomach for 1-4 hours. Gastric juices contain hydrochloric acidactivates pepsin, kills bacteria.

    Small intestine: not so small! 20ft x 1 Duodenum- 1st 10 inches. Bile and pancreatic juice enter here Jejunum- next 8 ft. Ileum- final 12 ft. When food leaves small intestine, digestion is complete

    Small intestine has lots of enzymes: peptidases maltase, sucrase, lactase, amylase. Lipase Bile Digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream.

    Large intestine- 5 ft x 2. Separated from small intestine by ileocecal valve Final absorption of water, storage of indigestible material, absorption of vitamins B and K by bacteria. Colon connects to rectum- anal canal opens to the anus (final opening). Fecal material is expelled.

    But Wait! What about the accessory organs: Liver, gall bladder and Liver- largest gland in pancreas

    your body Secretes bileemulsifies fat, makes them water soluble. Stores glucose in the form of glycogen Makes clotting proteins Detoxifies blood

    Gall bladder- stores and concentrates bile

    Pancreas- produces insulin, pancreatic juices amylase and lipase. Insulin regulates the uptake of glucose by the cells

    Diseases
    Appendicitis Cholecystitis- gall bladder Cirrhosis- destruction of liver cells Diarrhea Diverticulitis Gasteroenteritis Hernia Pancreatitis Liver transplant Ulcer Colitis Bariatric surgery

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