Essential Question - Why is there so much inequality in the world? Jared Diamonds answer is GEOGRAPHY.

Guns, Germs, and Steel. A second answer is COLONIALISM. That is, systems of domination and exploitation. Colonized because: Wanted resources Expand territory Spread their religion The effects of colonization: Forced into labor People died in mass Mass inequality and poverty Diseases Loss of culture

Might be different answers to: Cover up what they did Summary: Colonialism was motivated by a drive for economic and political power and justified on the

basis of religion (Christian vs. pagan/eastern) and cultural superiority (civilized vs savage). Europeans wanted to use cheap/free labor to extract raw materials so they could manufacture goods then force the colonized to buy them. Timeline 1400s-1700s: 1st period of colonization primarily the Americas Spain The Americas Portugal Brazil, East Africa, and India England, France, and Holland North America 1800s-1900s: 2nd period of colonization primarily in Africa and South Asia 1800s Industrial revolution in Europe; US expansion Indian Wars and invasion of Mexico (1830s-1840s) 1850- England to India, Dutch to Indonesia, French to Indochina (SE Asia) 1885 Scramble for Africa European nations take over and divide Africa 1898 US takes over Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines, and Cuba WW I (1914-1918) WWII (1939-1945)

1950s, 60s Independence movements in Africa and Asia