gp calc. Pachos, Carollo-PRL- eqn 3 to 4.

remember the basic rules

|ik |ik = |ik |ik

(|ik |ik )

(1)

= h|k hk |

(2)

(z1 z2 ) = z1 z2 , where z1 and z2 are complex numbers


|gi =

|gi
=

=
=
|gi =

1
1
cos( )|0i1 |0i1 exp(2) sin( )|1i1 |1i1
2
2
1
2 exp(2)() sin( )|1i1 |1i1
2
1
2() exp(2) sin( )|1i1 |1i1
2
1
2 exp(2) sin( )|1i1 |1i1
2
1
2 exp(2) sin( )|1i1 |1i1
2

(3)


(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

(9)
D   E
 
usually gp is calculated as variation in a quantum state in a parametric space. Hence use hg || gi instead of g 
g
it is just a representation that the state varies on the parametric space of parameter as Pachos want to give an idea.



1
1
1
hg || gi = cos( )h0|1 h0|1 + exp(2) sin( )h1|1 h1|1
(10)
2 exp(2) sin( )|1i1 |1i1
2
2
2
1
1
= 2 exp(2) sin( )h1|1 h1|1 exp(2) sin( )|1i1 |1i1
(11)
2
2
Note down that h0k |0k i = 0; h0k |1k i = 0
1
)h1|1 h1|1 |1i1 |1i1
2
1
= 2 sin2 ( )h1|1 1 h1|1i1 |1i1
2
2 1
= 2 sin ( ) 1 h1|1i1 ; i h| 0 ij = 0 ij
2
2 1
hg || gi = 2 sin ( )
2

hg || gi = 2 sin2 (

(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)

The geometric phase g , geometric phase comes in an imaginary part of the phase, so just consider the coefficient of
imaginary part. In other words, the GP can not be imaginary.
Z
1
hg || gi =
2 sin2 ( )
2
0
Z 0

1
= 2 sin2 ( )

2 0
1
= 2 sin2 ( )()
2
1
= (1 cos( )) cos 2A = cos2 A sin2 A
2
Z

g =

(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)