Cruz-Santos 1

Pedro Cruz Instructor: Malcolm Campbell English 1103 Date: ctober 1! "013 Better Check Yourself Before You Wreck Yourself (problems with additional technology in cars) #he inno$ation o% the car has ta&en big steps %or'ard in the last %e' decades as compared to the last %e' centuries and the speed at 'hich inno$ations are being made are at a record high( )rom a histor* standpoint the idea o% sel%-propelled $ehicle 'as not thought o% until around the 1+,0s and the %irst patent 'as not established till the *ear 1+-. and the %irst automobile 'ith and internal combustion engine 'as not made till the 1-,0s and not commercialized until around the 1-+0s /timeline0( 1ntil around the 1.,0s the car has changed signi%icant amount to ta&e a shape 'hich resembles more the bod* o% a current automobile( 2s the human race entered the "1st centur*! there has been more a$ailabilit* o% ad$anced technolog* allo'ing man* people to thin& outside o% the bo3 'ith 'hat the* 'ant to do 'ith the automobile and ho' the* 'ant to change it! 'ith those ideas there has been a change o% ideolog* bet'een ho' to gather more speed and acceleration to ho' to create the car more %uel e%%icient or e$en ho' to re-in$ent the car %or the modern 'orld- it is as i% 'e ha$e hit an

Cruz-Santos "

ideological limiting %actor 'hich allo's the priorit* to be s'itched %rom people 'anted a %ast car %or their o'n needs to people being a'are o% the en$ironment and research being done to change the car %or the person o% the present! e$en the %uture( 4ith the amount o% technolog* a$ailable to us toda* though! 'hat has ta&en man* *ears to achie$e is onl* ta&ing a %e' *ears to completel* re-in$ent( 4ith the addition o% things as simple as mounting cameras! to adding radar 'ith pedestrian detection so%t'are! to 'here ha$ing a completel* autonomous car in the ne3t couple o% *ears is not such a %ar-%etched idea/ban&rate0( 5o'e$er! all these inno$ations re6uire the addition o% electronic controls 'hich in return opens the car up to malicious manipulations /7eiger0( Man* ad$ances that are being made are %or the impro$ement o% human li%e and our e%%ect on Earth! %or e3ample the h*drogen %uel cell batter*( #he* h*drogen %uel Cell is an electrochemical cell in 'hich the energ* o% a reaction bet'een a %uel! such as li6uid h*drogen! and an o3idant! such as li6uid o3*gen! is con$erted directl* and continuousl* into electrical energ* /#he 2merican 5eritage0( 4hat this means is that the batter* can be charged multiple amount o% times! allo'ing higher e%%icienc* in a batter*! there%ore! causing less 'aste( #his also means that the automobile 'ould no' run on electricit* rather than the combustion engine that it is currentl* using( #he h*drogen batter* 'ould lead the change o% the po'er source o% toda*8s car %rom an oil consumption $ehicle to one that runs on batteries arranged in multitude o% 'a*s! as sho'n b* C(E( #homas in his article 9)uel

Cruz-Santos 3

Cell and :atter* Electric ;ehicles<( I7 his article #homas compares di%%erent t*pes o% cars and the greenhouse b* pro$iding data that he had collected and displa*ing graphs in 'hich he predicts the shi%t %rom the oil consuming cars 'e ha$e toda*! or IC;s! to a more en$ironmentall* %riendl* alternati$e b* the *ear "0.=( 5o'e$er! right no' the e3pense o% this alternati$e %uel source is costing a lot more than normal gasoline consuming cars! but as gas prices continue to rise-since it is a limited resource- a h*drogen batter* might start to seem li&e a better alternati$e /#homas0( 7o matter the amount o% bene%its that h*drogen %uel cell might bring! there are al'a*s negati$e sides! since per%ection is a mere idea( 4hile the h*drogen batter* has to 'ait be%ore it can see commercial release the 5eads-1p Displa*! 51D %or short! has sho'n 'hat it can do in the release o% the "00> :M4 as 'ell as the $ersion "(0 release in "011 /:oeriu0( In the article 95ead-up displa*s and their automoti$e application<! 7icholas ?( 4ard re$ie's the current research and gi$es test data that he has gathered %rom his research to come to the conclusion that it is too earl* to decide the e%%ecti$eness o% the machine! but so %ar it seems that the pros do not out'eigh the cons( #his inno$ation is adding a displa* in the %ront mirror o% the car that 'ould allo' the dri$er to detect pedestrians or other cars around the $ehicle@ the displa* 'ould also 'arn the dri$er o% road 'or& and the speed limit that the* should be dri$ing meaning that in%ormation 'ould become more easil* accessible to the dri$er allo'ing him to ma&e more in%ormed decisions( 4ard 'rote the article as a 'a* to con$e* in%ormation o%

Cruz-Santos >

'hat the* ha$e gotten so %ar! seeing as the* still ha$e man* 6uestions le%t unans'ered %or e3ample: 'hat particular in%ormation should be displa*ed! ho' big the displa* 'ill be! placement! and 'hether the displa* 'ould be help%ul or Aust ser$e as another distractionB #ests 'ith 72S2 'ere per%ormed 'here pilots 'ere as&ed to land an aircra%t either using the 51D or other con$entional instruments and determined that the time it too& %or people to notice an obstacle 'as longer %or people using the 51D! this means the* could ha$e been distracted b* the displa* 'hich in turn too& their attention o%% their surroundings /+110( 4ould the possibilit* o% an o$er%lo' o% in%ormation cause people to hesitate 'hen ma&ing decisionsB I% 'e cannot e$en see the positi$e e%%ects o% using the 51D to help detect en$ironmental stimuli! 'hat 'ould be the bene%it o% adding these computersB #his increasing addition o% computers to the automobile has made people start 'ondering about the sa%et* implications this could ha$e on the communit* o% customers 'ho ha$e gro'n dependent on the $ehicle as a means o% transportation( ::C ne's published an article b* 7eiger describing ho' people had success%ull* 9hac&ed< into a car and 'ere able to ta&e o$er all the %unctions o% the car! ta&ing control %rom the dri$er( Chris 7eiger de%ines hac&ing! in his article 9Car-5ac&ing Cets Deal<! as the abilit* to control the car! 'ithout a person being ph*sicall* present( #he hac&ing 'as success%ul 'ith the 'iring o% a computer to %igure out the code to control the electronic control units! or EC1s! 'hich allo'ed the t'o hac&ers to create ha$oc b* ta&ing o$er the car /5enn0( 4hen the topic 'as brought to the car

Cruz-Santos =

companies! the* argued that the* 'ere not 'orried since it re6uired addition o% hard'are and 'iring to the car that a dri$er 'ould notice /10( #o the car companies this meant a harder possibilit* o% this happening and the materials 'here not easil* accessible to the regular person so as an* big compan* reacted! the* are not 'orried( Don :aile*! a securit* researcher 'ho has hac&ed into multiple cars remotel* $ia the cell phone net'or& states that he is disappointed in the response o% the companies@ that it ma* be tough and ma* ta&e time but it is possible /10( Dight no' the cars are not connected to the internet! 'hich is 'h* the 'iring has to be done to learn the language o% the car! but as technolog* ad$ances internet ma* be integrated in a %e' *ears and create a bigger $ulnerabilit* to the 9%ragile< s*stem /7ieger0(
I% cars are a$ailable 'ith s*stems 'ea& outside inter%erence then e$er*one is in danger( Do *ou dri$eB r do *ou &no' someone that dri$esB It is li&el* that

e$er*one 'ho is able to read this paper can ans'er *es to at least one o% the 6uestions i% not both! 'hich means that *ou could be a $ictim( #he addition o% better so%t'are 'ould re6uire more mone* being in$ested! 'hich could be one o% the reason that car companies %eel that hac&ing is not an immediate threat( I% sa%et* is present! then the ad$ancements o% technolog* could pro$ide a ne' 'a* o% li%e( #he 7ational 5igh'a* #ra%%ic Sa%et* 2dministration! 75#S2! has ta&en into account the speed at 'hich technolog* is ad$ancing and unli&e the car companies the* are per%orming their o'n test in order to create la's that sta* ahead o% the threat /2ldana0( #his addition o% electronic contents to the automobile ha$e caused

Cruz-Santos , 'orr* in most and 'ith the idea o% autonom* in the car and 'hat that 'ould mean as %ar as adding more computers and ho' as more computers are added the easier it becomes %or people to ta&e o$er the car( 4ith technolog* changing so do la's and that is 'h* the 1(S( Department o% #ransportation released policies on the di%%erent le$el o% automation possible and ho' cars 'ould be classi%ied: %rom le$el 0 / no autonom*0 to le$el > /%ull autonom*0 E to gi$e an idea o% 'here 'e stand right no' the google car is at a le$el 3 and is currentl* being per%ected /10( #here are t'o 9google cars< 'hich are sel%-dri$ing Prius and Fe3us cars that according to the leader o% Coogle8s 2utonomous- car proAect are sa%er than humans dri$ing cars /Sanghani0( #he cars ha$e been ta&en out on public roads and the* pro$ed that the cars8 so%t'are 'as pro$en better at &eeping sa%e distances %rom other $ehicles! than human dri$ers could /10( In %act in one o% the test a Coogle car 'as hit b* another dri$er( #he car 'as able to create an annotated map o% the surroundings and 'hat happened! meaning that insurance claims could be decreased i% e$er*one got dri$en around b* a Coogle car( #he car has been on public roads since "010 'ith a human dri$er to ta&e o$er 'hene$er necessar*! it is close to being completed and the compan* is thin&ing o% di%%erent 'a*s to commercialize the car /10( 4ith cars inno$ation currentl* changing almost monthl* and 'ith sa%et* a constant concern! polic* has to change and the 1(S( Department o% #ransportation has to &eep up 'ith car inno$ations the* also ha$e to do research to sta* on top and ma&e sure that as the automobile changes so does polic* to pro$ide sa%et* %or the dri$er( Destrictions ha$e to be made to ho' much can be added to the car! as 'ell as ha$ing plent* o% data done to each addition! as 'ell as car companies opening their cars and consider the possibilit* o% hac&ing so the* ha$e their de%enses up( #he 75#S2 is doing their best to do their research to sta* ahead o% the

Cruz-Santos + game 'ith the ad$ancements being done to car in order to put policies into place! but change 'ill not become possible i% the car companies are not 'illing to cooperate and strengthen their so%t'are no'! be%ore the* connect cars to the internet and it is too late( 4ith the changing o% the car there 'ill be more changes done to dail* li%e and I alread* see a generation that is not able to do an*thing 'ithout ha$ing to depend on technolog*( 4hile some belie$e this allo's toda*8s generation to %ocus more on solutions then the steps re6uired! one should also ha$e a deep understanding o% the steps the* are ta&ing in sol$ing a problem( 4hat does this technolog* ta&e a'a*B 4ith the autonomous car! one 'on8t be able to Aust dri$e 'ith no destination in mind! to clear one8s head( It 'ill no longer be a pri$ilege to dri$e places since one 'ould not be doing the dri$ing an*more( #hat is 'h* an integration o% the autonomous cars should be done to 'here one can turn it o%% and still use the car manuall*( 4here on the road there 'ould be lanes 'ith autonomous cars and lanes 'here one can dri$e manuall* as a 'a* to ha$e %aster speed limit in the autonomous lanes since all the cars 'ould be able to communicate 'ith one another! 'hich is 'h* car companies should de$elop stronger so%t'are( 2 license 'ould still be re6uired to 'here a person 'ould be able to ta&e o$er i% the car mal%unctioned or a s*stem 'here the cars 'ould gi$e o%% 'arning 'hen it 'as close to a mal%unction to allo' time to pull o$er( #here are more ideas and problems that 'ould need to be addressed but a h*brid 'ould 'or& best in both a transition to the ne' cars and allo'ing the consumer a choice(

4or&s Cited

Cruz-Santos 2ldana! Garen( H1(S( Department o% #ransportation Deleases Polic* on 2utomated ;ehicle De$elopment (H 1(S( Department o% #ransportation Deleases Polic* on 2utomated ;ehicle De$elopment( 7ational 5igh'a* #ra%%ic Sa%et* 2dministration! 30 Ma* "013( 4eb( 01 ct( "013( #he 2merican 5eritageI Dictionar* o% the English Fanguage! )ourth Edition cop*right J"000 b* 5oughton Mi%%lin Compan*( 1pdated in "00.( Published b* 5oughton Mi%%lin Compan*( 2ll rights reser$ed( :oeriu! 5oratiu( H5ead-1p Displa* "(0 E 2ugmented Dealit*(H KiL:M4 :F C DSSKMiL( 7(p(! n(d( 4eb( "3 ct( "013('eb( C(E( #homas! )uel cell and batter* electric $ehicles compared! International ?ournal o% 5*drogen Energ*! ;olume 3>! Issue 1=! 2ugust "00.! Pages ,00=-,0"0! ISS7 03,0-31..! 'eb( 5eaps! Duss( H- great ne' ad$ances in auto technolog*(H KiL- great ne' ad$ances in auto technolog*KMiL( 7(p(! n(d( 4eb( "3 ct( "013 ?anner! ?a* ( HCoogle brings its dri$erless car to 2ustin(H 2ustin 7e's! Sports! 4eather! Fonghorns! :usiness( 7(p(! n(d( 4eb( "3 ct( "013( 4eb( 7icholas ?( 4ard! 2ndre' Par&es! 5ead-up displa*s and their automoti$e application: 2n o$er$ie' o% human %actors issues a%%ecting sa%et*! 2ccident 2nal*sis N Pre$ention! ;olume ",! Issue ,! December 1..>! Pages +03-+1+! ISS7 0001->=+=! 'eb( Sanghani! Dadhi&a( HCoogleOs dri$erless cars are Osa%erO than human dri$ers(H KiL#he #elegraphKMiL( 7(p(! ". ct( "013( 4eb( 30 ct( "013( 4eb(