Namas Chandra

Introduction to Mechanical engineering

Hibbler
Chapter 1-1
EML 3004C
CHAPTER ONE
General Principles
Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-2
EML 3004C
Statics, Dynamics and Mechanics of Materials
Statics deals with the state of rest or motion of bodies with
constant velocities
In dynamics, the bodies are allowed to accelerate.
Two Branches of static equilibrium
Statics
Mechanics of Materials
Statics
Equilibrium of Bodies-material independent,
uses only static equations
Mechanics of Materials
Relationship between the external loads, the
intensity of internal forces and its deformation
response
0 F M = =

F M ma = =

0 F M = =

Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-3
EML 3004C
Basic Concepts
Quantities

Length (location, position,
size)

Time (succession of events)

Force (Push, Pull)

Mass (Properties of Matter)
ONLY THREE OF FOUR
NEEDED (NEWTONS LAW)
Idealization

Particle (neglect, size,
geometry)

Rigid Body (all points
within remain in the same
position, at fixed distances
from each other)

Concentrated Force ( over
a very small area, zero)
Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-4
EML 3004C
Physical Quantities
Physical Qualities
Mass,
Force
time
distance,
Density
Temperature


Volume
area
length
displacement
velocity
acceleration
Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-5
EML 3004C
Scalar Quantities
Described by their magnitude, mass
(italic form) or lower case (a for A)
Vector Quantities
Described by a magnitude, a direction, and a point of
application
(Bold Face) in the book
Bar or Arrow in handwritten work
Magnitude or A (italic) or a =

Scalar and Vector Quantities
A , A
A
A
R
R
Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-6
EML 3004C
Newtons Laws
Newtons First Law

A body at rest tends to remain at rest & a body in motion at a
constant velocity will tend to maintain the velocity.

Newtons Second Law

Change of motion is proportional to the moving force
impressed and takes place in the direction of the straight line
in which such force is impressed.
F ma =
Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-7
EML 3004C
Newtons Laws
Consequences of Newtons Third Law

When two bodies interact, a pair of equal and opposite
reaction forces will exist at their contact point.

This force pair will have the same magnitude and acts along
the same direction, but have opposite sense.

The mutual force of action and reaction between two bodies
are equal, opposite, and collinear.

Kg = mass=[m] Newton = Force=[F]
Slug= mass =[m] lbf = Force = [F]

Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-8
EML 3004C
Gravitational Law


G = universal constant of gravitation


m
1
,m
2
= mass of each of the two particles
r= distance

Gravitational Law
2
2 1
r
m m
G F =
2
3
12
10 73 . 66
s kg
m

=

Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-9
EML 3004C
Weight
If = mass of the particle
= mass of the earth
r = distance of the particle to the earths center
W = weight of the particle


if


What is weight?
1 2
2
m m
W G
r
=
2
2
r
Gm
g =
mg W =
1
m
2
m
Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-10
EML 3004C
SI (International System of
Units)
Meter (m)
Second (sec)
Kilogram (kg)
Newton (N)





Units
Units
Length, time, mass, force -
basic quantities



a m F =
2
kg m
N
s

| |
=
|
\ .
2
81 . 9 s m g
mg W
=
=
(Note: we use bars to denote forces or vectors)
W = 9.81N
Ex : mass = 1kg
Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-11
EML 3004C
Conversion of Units
Conversion of Units

FPS SI
Force 1 lb = 4.4482 N
Mass 1 slug = 14.5938 kg
Length 1 ft = 0.3048 m

Ex:

2 1000 1 0.3048
2
1 4.4482 1
kN N lb m
kN
m
m kN N ft
| |
| || |
=
| | |
\ .\ .
\ .
Namas Chandra
Introduction to Mechanical engineering
Hibbler
Chapter 1-12
EML 3004C
CHAPTER ONE.. concludes
General Principles