My in B mn Thit b in

My in
My bin p
My in B mn Thit b in
Ni dung
n tp: Mch t
CHNG 2: My bin p
2.1 Gii thiu v my bin p
2.2 iu kin khng ti
2.3 nh hng ca dng th cp: My bin p l tng
2.4 Khng tr v s mch tng ng
2.5 Cc yu t k thut trong phn tch my bin p
2.6 My bin p t ngu: My bin p nhiu cun dy
2.7 My bin p ba pha
2.8 My bin in p v my bin dng
My in B mn Thit b in
MY BIN P
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p: Gii thiu
My bin p l mt thit b dng chuyn mc in p ny
thnh mt mc in p khc vi tn s khng i. N lm vic
theo nguyn tc cm ng in t, gm hai hay nhiu cun dy
lin h vi nhau bng t thng mc vng.
Khi mt in p AC t vo mt cun dy, t trng ac c
to ra cm ng trong cun kia mt in p AC khc.
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p phn phi gim
in p t 4160 volts xung
240 volts cho mc ch dn
dng.
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p tng p ti nh my in
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p: Gii thiu
Cu to my bin p
Li thp
Li thp c t cc l
thp k thut in mng
(tole silic)
.
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p: Gii thiu
Dy qun
Dy qun c lm bng ng hay
nhm, c cch in bng giy
hoc vt liu cch in tng hp).
Dy qun gm nhiu lp, c cch
in gia cc cun dy.
Cc cun dy c sy trong chn
khng kh m.
Dy qun MBA nh
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p: Gii thiu
Cu to MBA
MBA c t trong mt thng
thp.
Thng c ng y du lm mt
MBA.
Cc u ca dy qun c ni vi
cc s cch in u ra.
Du c lu chuyn xung quanh
bng bm v chy qua cc phn
tn nhit.
MBA du ba pha
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p: Gii thiu
Cu to MBA
MBA trang b cc phn tn nhit
c lm mt bng h thng thng
gi.
Qut lm mt c lp t di cc
phn tn nhit.
Cc s cch in ln ni cc u
dy vi h thng in.
Du c lu chuyn bng bm qua
cc b phn tn nhit.
Nhit v p sut du c th c
iu chnh.
MBA du ba pha cng sut ln
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p: Gii thiu
Cu to MBA
u ra ca MBA l mt s cch in
rng.
Phn cch in c b mt gp np
lm tng khong cch r v in p
nh thng trong thi tit xu.
Mt thanh ng hay nhm c dn
qua ng s.
Phn cch in c cha du MBA
h tr cch in.
S cch in u ra cp cch din 15
kV.
My in B mn Thit b in
iu kin khng ti
Phng trnh cn bng in p
Gi s t thng c dng
in p cm ng
in p cm ng hiu dng
My in B mn Thit b in
nh hng ca dng th cp
My bin p l tng
B qua in tr cun dy. Ton b t
thng sinh ra chy trong mch t (b qua
t thng r). thm t bng v cng
l tng
Cc phng trnh in p
My in B mn Thit b in
Qui i v Mch tng ng
2
2 2 2
' ' ' ' V E I Z =

1 1 1 1
V E I Z = +

1 0
2
' I I I =

R
c
:biu th tn hao st t trong li thp.
X
m
:biu th h cm gia mch s cp v th
cp.
My in B mn Thit b in
Phn tch my bin p (1)
XC NH CC THNG S MY BIN P :
Th nghim khng ti :
o dng in khng ti I
0
v cng sut khng ti P
0
. T xc nh: t s my
bin p, tng tr khng ti ca my bin p.
Th nghim ngn mch :
Xc nh tng tr ngn mch: in tr v in khng ngn mch.
in p ngn mch tnh theo t l phn trm so vi in p nh mc :
% .100 .100
n dm n
n
dm dm
U I Z
U
U U
= =
% .100 .100
nr dm n
nr
dm dm
U I r
U
U U
= =
% .100 .100
n dm n
nx
dm dm
U I x
U
U U
= =
20 2
U U U A =
( )
2 2
% % %sin
nr nx
U U cos U | A = +
thay i in p ca MBA:
My in B mn Thit b in
Gin nng lng ca my bin p :
Phn tch my bin p (2)
My in B mn Thit b in
HIU SUT CA MY BIN P :
H s ti :
Tn hao st t trong li thp ca my bin p Pfe c th xem nh bng tn hao
khng ti P0 .
Tn hao ng :
Ta c :
Hiu sut my bin p s cc i 1 ti khi tn hao st bng tn hao ng
2
1 2
% .100 1 100
Cu Fe
Cu Fe
P P P
P P P P
q
| |
+
= =
|
+ +
\ .
2 2 2 2 2 dm
P U I cos S cos | = =
2
2dm
I
I
| =
2 2
2 Cu n n
P r I P | = =
2
0
2
2 0
% 1 100
n
dm n
P P
S cos P P
|
q
| |
| | +
=
|
+ +
\ .
Phn tch my bin p (3)
My in B mn Thit b in
MCH T CA MY BIN P 3 PHA :
Cc dng mch t : 2 loi
H thng mch t ring : t thng ca 3 pha c lp vi nhau, ging nh
trng hp 3 my bin p 1 pha ( t my bin p 3 pha ).
H thng mch t chung : trong trng hp in p vo 3 pha l i xng th
t thng tng tr ghp chung ca 3 pha bng 0 mi thi im , do c
th ct tr ghp chung m khng nh hng n tnh trng lm vic ca my
bin p. Ta c my bin p 3 pha c h thng mch t chung.
Nhng hin tng xut hin khi t ha li thp :
Xt 1 my bin p hot ng khng ti :
Dng in bc 3 trong cc pha trng pha nhau v thi gian, tuy nhin s tn ti
v dng sng ca chng ph thuc vo kt cu mch t v cch u dy.
My bin p ba pha
My in B mn Thit b in
Trng hp my bin p ni Y/Y :
Dng in t ha c dng sin v t thng sinh ra n c dng vt u nn c th
xem n gm sng c bn
1
v cc sng iu ha bc cao
3
,
5
,
i vi t my bin p 3 pha, t thng
3
ca c 3 pha cng chiu ti mi thi
im v c dng vt u. Do t tr ca li thp rt b nn
3
c tr s kh ln
v to ra sc in ng e
3
kh ln.
Do sc in ng tng trong pha e=e
1
+e
3
c dng nhn u tc l c bin
tng vt. S tng vt ny hon ton bt li v c th gy nguy him (chc
thng cch in,).
i vi my bin p 3 pha 3 tr, t thng
3
ca c 3 tr bng nhau v cng
chiu ti mi thi im nn khng th khp mch t tr ny qua tr khc c
m ch c th khp mch qua khngkh hoc du lm mt c t tr ln. Do
t thng hi bc 3
3
khng ng k , t thng trong mch t hnh sin. Do
sc in ng pha cng hnh sin. Tuy vy t thng
3
cng gy nn nhng tn
hao ph lm gim hiu sut my bin p.
My bin p ba pha
My in B mn Thit b in
Trng hp my bin p 3 pha u /Y :
Dy qun s cp ni nn dng t ha bc 3 i
03
s khp kn trong
mch, dng in t ha i
0
s c dng nhn u. iu ny lm cho t
thng tng v cc sc in ng cc dy qun s cp v th cp u c
dng hnh sin.
Trng hp my bin p 3 pha u Y/:
Trong dy qun s cp khng c dng t ha bc 3 nn t thng s c
dng vt u. Thnh phn t thng bc 3
3Y
s cm ng trong dy
qun th cp mt sc in ng bc 3 e
23
. Sc in ng e
23
ny s to
ra dng in i
23
chy trong dy qun th cp lm sinh ra t thng
3
ngc pha vi
3Y
. Do t thng tng trong li thp gn nh trit
tiu. Sc in ng pha c dng hnh sin.
My bin p 3 pha
My in B mn Thit b in
T NI DY CA MY BIN P :
Cch k hiu u dy :
Cc u tn cng ca dy qun my bin p : u
u v u cui.
i vi my bin p 3 pha, cc dy qun phi k
hiu u u v u cui mt cch r rng v
thng nht.
u u : A, B, C (s cp) a, b, c (th cp)
u cui : X, Y, Z (s cp) x, y, z (th cp)
My bin p 3 pha
My in B mn Thit b in
MY BIN P LM VIC SONG SONG :
Cc iu kin cc my bin p c th lm vic song song :
Cng t ni dy .
Cng h s bin i in p k .
in p ngn mch Un bng nhau .
iu kin cng t ni dy :
Nu t ni dy khc nhau th gia cc in p th cp s c gc lch pha do t ni dy
quyt nh. Nh vy trong mch ni lin cc dy qun th cp ca 2 my bin p s xut
hin mt sc in ng E , to ra dng in cn bng c tr s ln hn gp nhiu ln
dng in nh mc c th lm chy cun dy my bin p.
iu kin cng t s my bin p :
Nu t s my bin p khc nhau th sc in ng th cp khc nhau , trong dy qun
th cp ca my bin p c dng in cn bng do lch in p U sinh ra ngay c
khi khng ti. Khi my c ti dng cn bng ny s cng thm vo dng in ti ca
tng my.
My bin p ba pha
My in B mn Thit b in
iu kin tr s in p ngn mch Un bng nhau :
H s ti ca cc my bin p lm vic song song t l nghch vi in
p ngn mch ca chng.
Nu in p ngn mch Un ca cc my bng nhau th ti s phn phi
theo t l cng sut. Ngc li nu Un khc nhau th my bin p no
c Un nh s c h s ti ln v Un ln s c h s ti nh.
1 2
1 2
1 1 1
: : ... : : : ... :
i
n n ni
U U U
| | | =
My bin p ba pha
My in B mn Thit b in
Bi tp
Sch Electric Machinery
Sch K thut in 2
Mt s bi tp v d trong sch K thut in 1
My in B mn Thit b in
My bin p t ngu
My bin in p-My bin dng
My in B mn Thit b in
T thng
Dng t ha