(Maxwell)

()

1
2

p, V, T

1 6

dU = (U/S)V dS + (U/V)S dV

(U/S)V = T

U=f (SV)

(U/V)S=p
dU =TdS pdV

1 (1)

(U/V)S=p

(U/S)V = T

dH = (H/S)p dS + (H/p)S dp dS
+ (U/V)S
dV

(H/S)p = T

H=f (Sp)

(H/p)S =V
dH = TdS + V dp 2

(2)

(H/p)S =V

(H/S)p = T

2 6

dA = (A/T)V dS + (A/V)TdV dS
+ (U/V)S
dV

(A/T)V =S
T

A=f (TV)

(A/V)T=p
dA = SdT pdV 3

3 (3)

(A/V)T=p

(A/T)V =S

dG= (G/T)p dT + (G/p)Tdp dS +

(U/V)S dV

(G/T)p =S
T

G=f (Tp)

(G/p)T = V
dG =SdT+ Vdp 4

4 (4)

(G/p)T =V

(G/T)p =S

3 6

(U/S)V =T

(U/V)S=p

(H/S)p=T

(H/p)S=V

(A/T)V=S

(A/V)T=p

(G/T)p=S

(G/p)T=V

dU = TdSpdV

dH = TdS + Vdp

dA =SdT pdV

dG=SdT+ Vdp

T = (U/S)V = (H/S)p
p =(U/V)S =(A/V)TV= (H/p)S = (G/p)TS =
(A/T)V =(G/T)p

(Maxwell)

4 6


Maxwell ()

Maxwell

2 Maxwell

Maxwell
5 6

 Maxwell (1) Maxwell

Maxwell

6 6