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This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

A8-1
771. The compound wooden beam is connected together by a bolt at B. Assuming that the connections at A, B, C, and D exert only vertical forces on the beam, determine the required diameter of the bolt at B and the required outer diameter of its washers if the allowable tensile stress for the bolt is 1st2allow = 150 MPa and the allowable bearing stress for the wood is 1sb2allow = 28 MPa. Assume that the hole in the washers has the same diameter as the bolt. From FBD (a): a + MD = 0; FB(4.5) + 1.5(3) + 2(1.5) - FC(6) = 0 4.5 FB - 6 FC = - 7.5 From FBD (b): a + MD = 0; FB(5.5) - FC(4) - 3(2) = 0 5.5 FB - 4 FC = 6 Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields FB = 4.40 kN; For bolt: sallow = 150(106) = dB = 0.00611 m = 6.11 mm For washer: sallow = 28 (104) = 4.40(103)
p 2 4 (d w

3 kN 2m A B 2m C 1.5 m

2 kN 1.5 kN 1.5 m 1.5 m 1.5 m D

(1)

(2)

FC = 4.55 kN 4.40(103)
p 2 4 (dB)

Ans.

- 0.006112) Ans.

dw = 0.0154 m = 15.4 mm

The assembly is used to support the distributed loading of w = 500 lb> ft. Determine the factor of safety with respect to yielding for the steel rod BC and the pins at B and C if the yield stress for the steel in tension is sy = 36 ksi and in shear ty = 18 ksi. The rod has a diameter of 0.40 in., and the pins each have a diameter of 0.30 in. For rod BC: s = 1.667 P = 13.26 ksi = p 2 A 4 (0.4 ) sy s = 36 = 2.71 13.26 Ans.
4 ft

*772.

F. S. =

B 3 ft w 1 ft

For pins B and C: t = 0.8333 V = 11.79 ksi = p 2 A 4 (0.3 ) ty t = 18 = 1.53 11.79 Ans.

F. S. =

482

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A8-2
775. If the allowable bearing stress for the material under the supports at A and B is 1sb2allow = 1.5 MPa, determine the maximum load P that can be applied to the beam. The bearing plates A and B have square cross sections of change 1.7MPa 150 mm * 150 mm and 250 mm * 250 mm, respectively.
40 kN/m P

to
A 1.5 m A 3m B B

1.5 m

Referring to the FBD of the beam, Fig. a, a + MA = 0; a + MB = 0; For plate A , NA ; (sb)allow = A A NB(3) + 40(1.5)(0.75) - P(4.5) = 0 40(1.5)(3.75) - P(1.5) - NA(3) = 0 NB = 1.5P - 15 NA = 75 - 0.5P

1.5(106) =

(75 - 0.5P)(103) 0.15(0.15)

P = 82.5 kN For plate B , NB ; (sb)allow = A B

p>=73.5kN

1.5(106) =

(1.5P - 15)(103) 0.25(0.25)

P = 72.5 kN (Controls!)

p<=80.83kn

Ans.

*776. The rods AB and CD are made of steel having a failure tensile stress of sfail = 510 MPa. Using a factor of safety of F.S. = 1.75 for tension, determine their smallest diameter so that they can support the load shown. The beam is assumed to be pin connected at A and C.

B 6 kN 4 kN 5 kN

Support Reactions: a + MA = 0; FCD(10) - 5(7) - 6(4) - 4(2) = 0

A

FCD = 6.70 kN a + MC = 0; 4(8) + 6(6) + 5(3) - FAB(10) = 0 FAB = 8.30 kN Allowable Normal Stress: Design of rod sizes For rod AB sallow = sfail FAB = ; F.S A AB 510(106) 8.30(103) = p 2 1.75 4 d AB dAB = 0.006022 m = 6.02 mm For rod CD sallow = FCD sfail = ; F.S A CD 510(106) 6.70(103) = p 2 1.75 4 d CD Ans. Ans.

C 2m 2m 3m 3m

dCD = 0.005410 m = 5.41 mm

484

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A8-3
787. Part of a control linkage for an airplane consists of a rigid member CBD and a flexible cable AB. If a force is applied to the end D of the member and causes it to rotate by u = 0.3, determine the normal strain in the cable. Originally the cable is unstretched.
u
D P 300 mm

AB = 24002 + 3002 = 500 mm AB = 2400 + 300 - 2(400)(300) cos 90.3

2 2

300 mm A C

= 501.255 mm eAB = AB - AB 501.255 - 500 = AB 500 Ans.

= 0.00251 mm> mm

400 mm

*788.

Part of a control linkage for an airplane consists of a rigid member CBD and a flexible cable AB. If a force is applied to the end D of the member and causes a normal strain in the cable of 0.0035 mm> mm, determine the displacement of point D. Originally the cable is unstretched.

u
D P 300 mm

AB = 23002 + 4002 = 500 mm AB = AB + eABAB = 500 + 0.0035(500) = 501.75 mm 501.752 = 3002 + 4002 - 2(300)(400) cos a a = 90.4185 p (0.4185) rad u = 90.4185 - 90 = 0.4185 = 180 D = 600(u) = 600( p )(0.4185) = 4.38 mm 180 Ans.
400 mm A

B 300 mm C

490

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*94. The A-36 steel rod is subjected to the loading shown. If the cross-sectional area of the rod is 50 mm2, determine the displacement of C. Neglect the size of the couplings at B, C, and D.

1m

1.5 m

1.25 m

A 9 kN B

4 kN

2 kN

The normal forces developed in segments AB and BC are shown the FBDS of each segment in Fig. a and b, respectively. The cross-sectional area of these two segments 2 1m are A = A 50 mm2 B a b = 50.0 (10 - 6) m2. Thus, 10.00 mm dC = PiLi 1 = A P L + PBC LBC B AiEi A ESC AB AB = 50.0(10 ) C 200(109) D
-6

c - 3.00(103)(1) + 6.00(103)(1.5) d Ans.

= 0.600 (10 - 3) m = 0.600 mm

The positive sign indicates that coupling C moves away from the fixed support.

A8-4
95. The assembly consists of a steel rod CB and an aluminum rod BA, each having a diameter of 12 mm. If the rod is subjected to the axial loadings at A and at the coupling B, determine the displacement of the coupling B and the end A. The unstretched length of each segment is shown in the figure. Neglect the size of the connections at B and C, and assume that they are rigid. Est = 200 GPa, Eal = 70 GPa. PL = AE 12(103)(3)
p 4

B 6 kN 3m 2m

A 18 kN

dB =

(0.012)2(200)(109) 12(103)(3)
p 4

= 0.00159 m = 1.59 mm 18(103)(2) +

p 2 9 4 (0.012) (70)(10 )

Ans.

dA =

PL = AE

(0.012)2(200)(109)

= 0.00614 m = 6.14 mm

Ans.

96. The bar has a cross-sectional area of 3 in2, and E = 3511032 ksi. Determine the displacement of its end A when it is subjected to the distributed loading.
A

w 500x1/3 lb/in.

4 ft
x x 0 L

P(x) =

0 L L

w dx = 500

x3 dx =

1500 4 x3 4

dA =

4(12) P(x) dx 1 3 1 1500 4 1500 b a b (48)3 = x3 dx = a 8 6 AE 4 (3)(35)(10 )(4) 7 (3)(35)(10 ) L 0 0 L

dA = 0.0128 in.

Ans.

536

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A8-5
911. The load is supported by the four 304 stainless steel wires that are connected to the rigid members AB and DC. Determine the vertical displacement of the 500-lb load if the members were originally horizontal when the load was applied. Each wire has a cross-sectional area of 0.025 in2.
E F G

3 ft H C 1 ft 1.8 ft 2 ft I A B 3 ft 1 ft 500 lb 5 ft

Internal Forces in the wires: FBD (b) a + MA = 0; + c Fy = 0; FBD (a) a + MD = 0; + c Fy = 0; Displacement: dD = 83.33(3)(12) FDELDE = 0.0042857 in. = ADEE 0.025(28.0)(106) 41.67(3)(12) FCFLCF = 0.0021429 in. = ACFE 0.025(28.0)(106)
dH = 0.0014286 in.

FBC(4) - 500(3) = 0 FAH + 375.0 - 500 = 0

FBC = 375.0 lb FAH = 125.0 lb

FCF(3) - 125.0(1) = 0 FDE + 41.67 - 125.0 = 0

FCF = 41.67 lb FDE = 83.33 lb

dC =

dH 0.0021429 = ; 2 3

dH = 0.0014286 + 0.0021429 = 0.0035714 in. dA>H = 125.0(1.8)(12) FAHLAH = 0.0038571 in. = AAHE 0.025(28.0)(106)

dA = dH + dA>H = 0.0035714 + 0.0038571 = 0.0074286 in. dB = 375.0(5)(12) FBGLBG = 0.0321428 in. = ABGE 0.025(28.0)(106)
dl = 0.0185357 in.

dl 0.0247143 = ; 3 4

dl = 0.0074286 + 0.0185357 = 0.0260 in.

Ans.

541

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A8-6
917.

The linkage is made of two pin-connected A-36 steel members, each having a cross-sectional area of 1.5 in2. Determine the magnitude of the force P needed to displace point A 0.025 in. downward.
2 ft B

P A

Analysing the equilibrium of joint A by referring to its FBD, Fig. a + F = 0; : x 3 3 FAC a b - FAB a b = 0 5 5 4 - 2F a b - P = 0 5 length FAC = FAB = F

C 1.5 ft 1.5 ft

+ c Fy = 0;

F = - 0.625 P

The

of members AB and AC are 12 in b = 30 in. The axial deformation of members L = 21.52 + 22 = (2.50 ft) a 1 ft AB and AC is - 0.625P(30) FL = = - 0.4310(10 - 3) P AE (1.5) C 29.0(103) D

initial

d =

The negative sign indicates that end A moves toward B and C. From the geometry 1.5 shown in Fig. b, we obtain u = tan - 1 a b = 36.87. Thus 2 (dA)g = d cos u 0.4310(10 - 3) P cos 36.87 Ans.

0.025 =

P = 46.4 kips

546