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Why TD-LTE? NSN with TD-LTE TD-LTE technology overview
Why TD-LTE?
Rel 99
W-CDMA
Rel 4
1.28Mcps TDD
Rel 5
HSDPA, IMS
Rel 6
OFDM MIMO
LTE, SAE
Rel 9 enhancements
Small LTE/SAE
Rel 10 LTE-Advanced
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training 4 Nokia Siemens Networks
Rel 11 LTEAdvanced
4+ Frequencies
2.3 2.6 1.9 2.5 Global Global Russia, China Japan
50+ Countries
50% Land-Mass
Informa
Over 50% of operators planning to deploy TDLTE
Duplex Mode
TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD TDD
43
44
3600 MHz
703 MHz
3800 MHz
803 MHz
3600 MHz
703 MHz
3800 MHz
803 MHz
TDD
TDD
Global Roaming
TD-LTE
Maximized commonality b/w FDD and TDD for high level of integration/interworking
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training 7 Nokia Siemens Networks
TD-LTE Capacity
Mbps
35 30 25 20 15
TD-LTE config.2 DL/UL = 6/2 timeslots Optimized for very asymmetric traffic
10 5
Downlink
Uplink
FDD 2 x 10MHz
( FDD 2 x 20MHz )
Traditional CSP Augment FDD-LTE Increased Capacity (Overlay/Underlay) or specific Apps (M2M, Video Broadcast)
Affordable Spectrum
Sold for 10x less than FDD equivalent
Economy of Scale
LTE Momentum Driving
Common Network Hardware TD-LTE Early Market Opportunity
WiMAX CSP Possible migration path Leverage current spectrum asset Scope for evolution to TD-LTE when time is
right
TD-LTE Applications
Mobile Reporter
- TD-LTE enable report to leverage the power of now in the field and with HD Quality and instantaneity for live studio-like dialog - Avoid Complex, Slow & Costly deployment of TV vehicles on site
Korea
Denmark
Denmark
Finland
Finland
Lithuania
Russia
Korea
USA
Germany
Germany
Estonia
Estonia
TD-LTE
Poland
South Korea
Brazil
61 32 35
France
Croatia
Austria
Slovenia
India
Singapore
Japan
LTE radio deals (incl. 8 TD-LTE) LTE EPC deals commercially launched networks (incl. 5 TD-LTE)
Portugal
Italy
TD-LTE
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Australia
Japan
UAE
LTE supplier to the largest operators in Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Japan and Korea
Japan
TD-LTE Developments
Award
Progress Demos since 2009 Commercial deals since 2011 Significant deployments 2012 7 commercial deals to date (leading)
Worlds 1st
Simultaneou s multiple UE TD-LTE connection
Worlds 1st
TD-LTE drive tour at ITU Geneva
Worlds 1st
1st TaiwanMainland TD-LTE live HD video 2.3GHz MIIT field trial test
We are here
3 Large scale trials slots in CMCC large field trial
Worlds 1st
3GPP R8 TD-LTE call & HO
Worlds 1st
1st CMCC/ VDF proof of tech. 1st TD-LTE Femto cell demo
Worlds 1st
3GPP R8 TD-LTE E2E L3 call with comm. EPC
100% pass MIIT lab test E2E call with throughput >80Mbps end-to-end
1st TD-LTE demo in India & Russia IOT with UE vendors (incl. Altair, Sequans, HiSilicon, Innofidei, Qualcomm)
Worlds 1st
1st TD-LTE Open Lab
Successful trials in India and Russia Leading vendor in MIT 2.6 GHz field trial
2009
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training 13 Nokia Siemens Networks
2010
2011
2012
Duplexing
FDD
TDD
Duplexing contd
LTE FDD
Spectrum
Power Time
TD-LTE
DL 10W
10ms
5W
UL
10MHz
Numerology, Coding, Multiple Same Access, MIMO support, RS etc. HARQ Timing N=8 stop-and-wait protocol DL: Async, UL: Sync
FDD-LTE
+ +
TD-LTE can adapt to DL/UL traffic ratio (typical of internet traffic) Slightly longer latency
Negligible advantage (No need of switching) Fix bandwidth for DL & UL (typical of voice traffic)
+
+
Coverage
Spectrum Flexibility Coexistence New Spectrum Pricing
+ +
Paired-band is not needed, no duplexing gap Coexistence requirement for adjacent frequency in the same geographic area TDD Spectrum had traditionally auctioned for lower $/MHz
+
Because of higher demand FDD has so far sold for higher $/MHz
Frame Structure
Type 1 for FDD
One radio frame, Tf = 307200Ts=10 ms One slot, Tslot = 15360Ts = 0.5 ms #0 #1 #2 #3 #18 #19
One subframe
30720Ts
Subframe #2
Subframe #3
Subframe #4
Subframe #5
Subframe #7
Subframe #8
Subframe #9
UpPTS
DwPTS
GP
UpPTS
TD-LTE:
* assuming Normal CP
System Information
Master information block (MIB) includes the following information:
Downlink cell bandwidth [4 bit] System Frame Number (SFN) except two LBSs Etc
SIB2 includes info that UEs need in order to be able to access the cell. This includes info about the UL
cell BW, random access parameters, and UL power control parameters. SIBs also includes radio resource configuration of common channels (RACH, BCCH, PCCH, PRACH, PDSCH, PUSCH, PUCCH, and SRS).
SIB3-4 mainly includes info related to cell-reselection. SIB5-8 include neighbor-cell-related info. (E-UTRAN, UTRAN, GERAN, cdma2000) SIB9 contains a home eNB identifier SIB10/11 contains ETWS (Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System) notification SIB12: CMAS SIB13: eMBMS More to be added
Transmit one data in one link (1 Tx & 1 Rx antenna) Transmit two data in two links far away from each other (1 Tx & 1 Rx antenna, respectively) Transmit two data in one link (1 Tx & 1 Rx antenna) ??
~ w 1
x
~ x
V VH
n
min
Channel
U
~ w nmin
UH
~ y
Pre-processing
Post-processing
y Hx w x C nt , y C nr , w ~ (0, N 0 I nr )
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training 37 Nokia Siemens Networks
Channel Diagonalization
H ~ yU y
U (Hx w )
H
~ ~ y D~ xw
For transmission on two antenna ports, p 0,1 , the precoding matrix W (i) shall be selected from Table 6.3.4.2.3-1 or a subset thereof.
The quantity Wn denotes the matrix defined by the columns given by the set {s} H H un un where I is the 4x4 identity matrix and the from the expression Wn I 2unun vector u n is given by Table 6.3.4.2.3-2.
{s}
If UE uses multiple receive antennas, it also has to transmit SRS on multiple antennas in order for UL measurements to fully reflect DL channel state
MCS
PDSCH Channel estimation based on common reference signal (CRS) Closed loop, codebook precoding (TM4)
TTA LTE/MIMO Standards/Technology Training 41 Nokia Siemens Networks
PDSCH Channel estimation based on dedicated reference signal (DRS) Open loop, non-codebook precoding (TM7)
MIMO
Different data streams on different pipes (mode 4)
Increased spectral efficiency (increased overall throughput) Power is split among the data streams
Beamforming
Data stream on only the strongest pipe (mode 7) Utilize different amplitude/phase at all pipes to optimally match per-UE
radio condition
Increased coverage and signal SNR
Cell-Specific RS Mapping
RS Overhead
R0 R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
R0
l0
R0
l6 l0
R0
R0
R1
R1
R0
R0
R1
R1
R0
R0
R1
R1
R0
l0
R0
l6 l0 l6 l0
R1
l6 l0
R1
l6
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0
R0
R1
R1
R2
R3
R0
l0
R0
l6 l0 l6 l0
R1
l6 l0
R1
l6 l0
R2
l6 l0 l6 l0
R3
l6 l0 l6
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
even-numbered slots
odd-numbered slots
Antenna port 1
Antenna port 2
Antenna port 3
MIMO
Different data streams on different pipes (mode 4)
Increased spectral efficiency (increased overall throughput) Power is split among the data streams
Beamforming
Data stream on only the strongest pipe (mode 7) Utilize different amplitude/phase at all pipes to optimally match per-UE
radio condition
Increased coverage and signal SNR Not any more focusing on the strongest pipe in transmission mode 8 in R9 and mode 9 in R10
Carrier aggregation is supported for both FDD and TDD, although all component carriers need to have the same duplex scheme. In the case of TDD, the uplink downlink configuration should be the same across component carriers. The special subframe configuration can be different for the different components carriers though, as long as the resulting downlinkuplink switch time is sufficiently large.
CA for TD-LTE
* CA Band Combination
Independent acknowledgements for each of the received transport blocks are fed back to the eNodeB. This allows independent retransmission of erroneous transport blocks. However, it also implies that multiple bits need to be transmitted from the terminal.
Bundling of acknowledgements
The outcome of the decoding of DL transport blocks from multiple DL subframes can be combined into a single hybrid-ARQ acknowledgement transmitted in UL. Only if both of the DL transmissions in subframes 0 and 3 in the example below are correctly decoded will a positive acknowledgement be transmitted in UL subframe 7. The downlink assignment index in the scheduling assignment on the PDCCH is used to avoid confusion
UL Grant Timing
For TDD configurations 16, the uplink transmission occurs in subframe n + k , where k is the smallest value larger than or equal to 4 such that subframe n + k is an uplink
subframe.
For TDD configuration 0 there are more UL subframes than DL subframes, which calls for
the possibility to schedule transmissions in multiple UL subframes from a single DL subframe. For DL-UL configuration 0, the index field specifies which UL subframe(s) a grant received in a DL subframe applies to.
Random Access
Short PRACH preamble (format 4) only for TD-LTE (to utilize UpPTS in small cells)
FDD-TDD Handover
FDD - TDD mobility
Network controlled Event triggered based on DL
measurement RSRP and RSRQ Inter frequency measurements triggered by events A1/A2 Configurable thresholds for coverage based (A5), best cell based (A3) handover
S-GW MME
TD-LTE Summary
Market potential
Thank you !
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