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geometry glossary
By: Sabina Bacino

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Part 1. FOUNDATIONS

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DEFINITION #1. POINT

Point~ N

names a location Point N

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DEFINITION #2. LINE

Line~

perfectly straight, goes on forever

MP

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DEFINITION #3. PLANE

Plane~

at surface, extends in all directions

F
P
H

Plane PFH

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DEFINITION #4. LINE SEGMENT

Line

Segment~ straight and has 2 end points

LA

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DEFINITION #5. RAY

Ray~

straight, one end point, and one extension

A L

LA

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Part 2. Angles

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DEFINITION #6. ACUTE ANGLE

Acute Angle~

greater than 0, and less than 90

37 V
A

EVA = 37

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DEFINITION #7. RIGHT ANGLE

Right Angle~

is exactly 90

m
H

RHT = 90

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DEFINITION #8. OBUTSE ANGLE

Obtuse Angle~

greater than 90, less than 180

120 B
T

OBT=120

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DEFINITION #9. STRAIGHT ANGLE

Straight Angle~

Exactly 180
180

TYX=180

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PART 3. ANGLE RELATIONSHIPS

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DEFINITION #10. COMPLEMENTARY ANGLES

Complementary Angles~An

angle that adds up to 90

m
COP = m POM =90

C
P

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DEFINITION #11. SUPPLEMENTARY ANGLES

Supplementary Angles~Angle

that adds up to 180

L

SUL + m LUP=180

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DEFINITION #12. VERTICAL ANGLES

Vertical Angles~Angles

that are opposite of each other in an intersection, always congruent

V 85 T

95

I 85
95 R

~ VIE = TIR VIT ~ RIE

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DEFINITION #13. ADJACENT ANGLES

Adjacent Angles~Angles

that share a vertex and share a side

40
32
C

D J

ACD & DCJ ARE ADJACENT

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PART 4. LINE RELATIONSHIPS

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el~never intersect & same direction/angle

DEFINITION #14. PARALLEL

L
Z B

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DEFINITION #16. PERPENDICULAR

Perpendicular~intersect

at a 90 angle
C
Q

M
H

JM

CH

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DEFINITION #16. SKEW

Skew~never

intersects, not parallel, and indifferent planes

CB & EP are skew

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PART 5. PARALLEL LINES IN TRANSVERSAL

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DEFINITION #17. TRANSVERSAL

PQ is transversal

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DEFINITION #18. CORRESPONDING ANGLES

Corresponding

angles~face the same direction

3 4

1 2

1&

5 are corresponding angles

78

5 6

ex: if m 1=132, m 5 =132

other corresponding angles:

2&6 3&7 4&8

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DEFINITION #19. ALTERNATE EXTERIOR ANGLES

Alternate

exterior angles~alternate sides of the transversal on the exterior of the parallel lines, congruent.

3 4

1 2

2&
1 &

7 are alternate exterior angles

78

5 6

8 are alternate exterior angles

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DEFINITION #20. ALTERNATE INTERIOR ANGLES

Alternate

Interior Angles~alternate sides of the transversal on the interior of the parallel lines, congruent.

3 4

1 2

3&
4&

6 are alternate interior angles

5 are alternate interior angles

78

5 6

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PART 6. TRIANGLES

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DEFINITION #21. TRIANGLES

A triangle has 180

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DEFINITION #22. SCALENE

~ scalene = no = sides

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DEFINITION #23. ISOSCELES

~ isosceles = 2= sides ~ 2 = angles

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DEFINITION #24. EQUILATERAL

~ equilateral = 3 = sides ~ 2 = angles

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DEFINITION #25. ACUTE

acute = 3 acute angles

65
54
61

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DEFINITION #26. RIGHT

right = 1 right angle

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DEFINITION #27. OBTUSE

20
140

20

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PART 7. QUADRILATERAL

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DEFINITION #28. QUADRILATERAL

Quadrilateral~gure

(polygon) with 4 sides

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DEFINITION #29. TRAPEZOID

Trapezoid~Quadrilateral

with one pair of parallel sides

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DEFINITION #30. KITE

Kite~quadrilateral

with 2 pairs of congruent, adjacent sides

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DEFINITION #31. PARALLELOGRAM

Parallelogram~quadrilateral

with 2 pairs of opposite congruent, parallel sides opposite angles congruent

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DEFINITION #32. RECTANGLE

Rectangle~Parallelogram

with 4 right angles

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DEFINITION #33. RHOMBUS

Rhombus~Parallelogram

with 4 equal sides

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DEFINITION #31. SQUARE

Square~Rectangle

with 4 congruent sides

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