Word lists Latin loan-words - From Old English to Standard English 3rd edition

LATIN
Latin words borrowed before the settlement in England
Latin balteus benna episcopus butyrum cattus calx caseus cuprum cuppa discus furca uncia catillus culina cucina linea mango milea molinum moneta mortarium mulus OE belt binn biscop butere catt cealc cese copor cuppe disc forca ynce cetel cylene cycene line mangian/mangere mil mylen mynet mortere mul MnE belt bin bishop butter cat chalk cheese copper cup dish fork inch kettle kiln kitchen line -monger mile mill mint (money) mortar (vessel) mule patina pisa piper pulvinus pinna pipa puteus pix/picem prunum papaver pondo bursa Saturni (dies) secula strata tegula telonium vallum vicus vinum panne pise pipor pyle pinn pipe pytt pic plume popig pund purs Sternes (dg) sicol strt tigele toll wall wic win pan pease pea pepper pillow pin pipe (musical) pit pitch (tar) plum poppy pound (weight) purse Satur(day) sickle street tile toll (tax) wall -wick (= town) wine

Latin words adopted during the Anglo-Saxon period

Latin ancora angelus apostolus arca balsamum beta buxus candela cappa cedrus calix cista circulus cocus culter cuculla credo crispus discipulus vannus finuclum febris fontem gingiber lilium locusta martyr missa magister OE ancor engel apostol arc balsam bete box candel cppe ceder celic cest circul coc culter cugele creda crisp discipul fann finugl fefor fant/font gingiber lilie lopustre martyr msse mgester date 880 950 950 1000 1000 1000 931 700 1000 1000 825 700 1000 1000 1000 931 1000 900 900 800 700 1000 1000 1000 971 1000 900 900 1000 MnE anchor angel apostle ark balsam beet box (tree) candle cap cedar chalice chest circle cook (n) coulter cowl creed crisp disciple fan fennel fever font ginger lily lobster martyr mass master matta monasterium muscula murra nonna organum palmum pira pinus planta papa presbyter psalmus radicem sabbatum saccus schola scrinium sericus soccus spongia talenta templum titulus versus zephyrus matt mynster muscle myrra nunne organe palma pere pin plante papa preost psealm rdic sabat sacc scol scrin sioloc socc sponge talente templ titul fers zefferus 825 900 1000 824 900 1000 825 1000 1000 825 900 805 961 1000 950 1000 1000 1000 888 725 1000 930 825 950 900 1000 mat minster mussel myrrh nun organ palm pear pine plant pope priest psalm radish sabbath sack school shrine silk sock sponge talent temple title verse zephyr

Word lists Latin loan-words - From Old English to Standard English 3rd edition

14th century
Latin allegoria committere completus conspiratio contemptus dirige discutere dissolvere aequalis historia imaginarius incarnatus index innumerabilis intellectus lapidarius limbo magnificare minor necessarius date 1382 1386 1380 1386 1393 1320 1340 1380 1391 1390 1382 1395 1398 1340 1386 1382 1300 1380 1297 1382 MnE allegory commit complete conspiracy contempt dirge discuss dissolve equal history imaginary incarnate index innumerable intellect lapidary limbo magnify minor necessary privatus promovere quies rationalis remittere reprehendere rosarium scriba scriptura similis solitarius spatiosus stupor submittere supprimere temperatus temporalis testificare tributarius 1380 1387 1382 1398 1375 1340 1386 1377 1300 1393 1340 1382 1398 1374 1380 1380 1380 1393 1382 private promote quiet rational remit (vb) reprehend rosary scribe scripture simile solitary spacious stupor submit suppress temperate temporal testify tributary

15th century
Latin adjacere clientem convictionem custodia distractem exhibere extrahere frustra gestura gratis immunis includere incredibilis individualis infantia inferior infinitus innatus interrumpere juniperus lapsus legitimatus lucrativus malefactor mechanicus moderatus obduratus date 1430 1413 1491 1491 1413 1490 1489 1471 1410 1477 1420 1420 1412 1425 1494 1432 1413 1420 1412 1400 1450 1494 1412 1440 1432 1412 1440 MnE adjacent client conviction custody distract exhibit extract (vb) frustrate gesture gratis immune include incredible individual infancy inferior infinite innate interrupt juniper lapse legitimate lucrative malefactor mechanical moderate (adj) obdurate ornatus pictura politus popularis praevenire projicere prosequi prosodia querulosus recipe rejicere scrutinium secludere solaris subdividere subordinatus subscribere substitutus summarius superabundantia supplicare testimonium tinctura tractus ulcer 1432 1420 1450 1490 1432 1477 1432 1450 1450 1400 1494 1450 1451 1450 1432 1456 1425 1400 1432 1410 1417 1432 1400 1486 1400 ornate picture polite popular prevent project (vb) prosecute prosody querulous recipe reject scrutiny seclude solar subdivide subordinate (adj) subscribe substitute (n) summary superabundance supplicate testimony tincture tract ulcer

Word lists Latin loan-words - From Old English to Standard English 3rd edition 16th century
Latin alienatus allusionem appropriatus area calculare Gk jasarsqou compendere consolidare conspicuus criticus decorum delirium demonstrare denominare denunciationem dexteritas digressdirus dissidentem aemulari encyclopaedia eradicare excavare excrescentia excursionem expectationem expostulationem externus extinguere folio genius gradualis habitualis hereditarius horridus ignoramus date 1513 1548 1525 1538 1570 1579 1581 1511 1545 1590 1568 1599 1552 1552 1548 1527 1530 1567 1534 1589 1531 1564 1599 1533 1574 1538 1586 1556 1545 1533 1513 1541 1526 1577 1590 1577 MnE alienate allusion appropriate area calculate catastrophe compendium consolidate conspicuous critical decorum delirium demonstrate denominate denunciation dexterity digress dire dissident emulate encyclopedia eradicate excavate excrescence excursion expectation expostulation external extinguish folio genius gradual habitual hereditary horrid ignoramus imitari impersonalis incumbentem insanus insinuationem interregnum janua + -tor legalis malignantem mediare meditari medium militia nasturtium nervus notorius omen orbita patheticus peninsula prodigiosus quarto radius resuscitare rostrum sinus stratum strictus superintendere urgere vagari vastus 1534 1520 1548 1560 1526 1579 1584 1500 1542 1542 1560 1551 1590 1570 1531 1548 1582 1548 1598 1538 1552 1589 1597 1532 1579 1597 1599 1578 1554 1560 1577 1575 imitate impersonal incumbent insane insinuation interregnum janitor legal malignant mediate meditate medium militia nasturtium nervous notorious omen orbit pathetic peninsula prodigious quarto radius resuscitate rostrum sinus stratum strict superintendent urge vagary vast

Shakespeares Latin & Greek William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was among the first to use the following words derived from Latin or Greek. This briefly illustrates a process of adoption from the two languages that depended on scholarship and learning, rather than social, political and economic contact with foreign countries and speakers. 1588 apostrophe (L apostrophe, Gk 2porsqou) Loves Labours Lost iv. ii. 123 1590 premeditated (L praemeditare) A Midsummer Nights Dream v. i. 96 1593 obscene (L obscenus) Richard II iv. i. 131 1598 frugal (L frugalis) Merry Wives of Windsor) ii. i. 28,

You finde not the apostraphas, and so misse the accent.

Great Clearkes haue purposed To greete me with premeditated welcomes. That in a Christian Climate, Soules refinde Should shew so heynous, black, obscene a deed. I was then Frugall of my mirth.

Word lists Latin loan-words - From Old English to Standard English 3rd edition

1601 dexterously/dexteriously (L dexter + -ous + -ly) Twelfth Night i. v. 66 1604 accommodation (L accommodationem) Othello i. iii. 239 1605 assassination (L assassinare) Macbrth i. vii. 2

Olivia. Can you do it? Clown Dexteriously, good Madona. Such Accomodation and besort As leuels with her breeding. If th Assassination Could trammell vp the Consequence, and catch With his surcease, Successe. These hands..are apt enough to dislocate and tear Thy flesh and bones. You ruinous But, you whorson indistinguishable Curre.

1605 dislocate (L dislocare) King Lear iv. ii. 65 1606 indistinguishable (L distinguere + in- + -able) Troilus & Cressida v. i. 33 1606 submerged (L submergere) Antony & Cleopatra ii. v. 94 1607 misanthrope (Gk lr0mhqxpo|) Timon of Athens iv. iii. 53.

So halfe my Egypt were submergd and made A Cesterne for scald Snakes. I am Misantropos, and hate Mankinds

17th century
Latin adaptare affidavit agendum album amanuensis antipathia apparare harena assassinare atmosphaera autographum capsula census compensare compexus crux curriculum datum desideratum emancipare aequilibrium erumpere exserere expendere fiat ficticius focus forceps forma fulcrum impetus inclementem incubare initiare insignia instantem intimatus jocularis jurisprudentia date 1611 1622 1629 1651 1619 1601 1628 1627 1618 1638 1640 1652 1613 1646 1652 1641 1633 1646 1652 1625 1608 1657 1660 1628 1631 1615 1644 1634 1638 1674 1641 1621 1641 1603 1648 1651 1632 1626 1628 MnE adapt affidavit agendum album amanuensis antipathy apparatus arena assassinate atmosphere autograph capsule census compensate complex crux curriculum datum/data desideratum emancipate equilibrium erupt exert expensive fiat fictitious focus forceps formula fulcrum impetus inclement incubate initiate insignia instantaneous intimate (adj) jocular jurisprudence larva lens lumbago mica minimum nebula onus pallor par pendulum plus praemium quaere quota rabere serere serum sine cura specimen spectrum squalor stamen status stimulus taedium tenet torpere transiens tuber ultimatus urbanus vertebra veto vindicare 1651 1693 1693 1684 1663 1661 1640 1656 1622 1660 1615 1601 1635 1668 1661 1611 1672 1662 1610 1611 1621 1650 1693 1684 1662 1619 1607 1607 1668 1654 1619 1615 1629 1623 larva lens lumbago mica minimum nebula onus pallor par pendulum plus premium query quota rabies series serum sinecure specimen spectrum squalor stamen status stimulus tedium tenet torpor transient tuber ultimate urban vertebra veto (n) vindicate

Word lists Latin loan-words - From Old English to Standard English 3rd edition 18th century
Latin alibi auditorium editus emanere inertem insomnis maximum nucleus date 1727 1727 1791 1788 1713 1758 1740 1704 MnE alibi auditorium edit emanation inertia insomnia maximum nucleus