Principles of Turbomachinery

After completion of this course, the students should be able to: 1. Be able to give precise definition of turbomachinery. [a4] 2. Identify various types of turbomachinery.[a4] 3. Perform thermal cycle analysis on gas-turbine engines.[a4] 4. Perform fluid dynamic analysis of diffusers. [a4] 5. Apply the Euler's equation for turbomachinery to analyze energy transfer in turbomachines. [a4] 6. Apply three-dimensional velocity diagrams to turbomachine analysis. [a4] 7. Design axial-flow turbines and compressors. [c, a4] 8. Design radial-flow turbomachines. [e, a4] 9. Compute efficiencies of various turbomachines
WHAT IS TURBOMACHINE? Any devices that extracts energy from or imparts energy to a continuously moving stream of fluid (liquid or gas) can be called a turbomachine. The Examples of turbomachine: windmills, waterwheels, ship propeller, hydraulic and gas turbines, pump and compressor. The work principle of turbomachine: the energy transfer being carried out by the action of one or more rotating blade rows. The dynamic action of rotating blades sets up forces between the blades and fluid while the components of these forces in the direction of blade motion give rise to the energy transfer between the blades and fluid. The type of turbomachines fall into 2 categories depending on: whether work is done by the fluid on the rotating member or whether work is done by the rotating member on the fluid Work is done by fluid, examples: Axial flow hydraulic turbine Radial flow hydraulic turbine Mixed flow hydraulic turbine Axial flow gas turbine Pelton wheel hydraulic turbine

Work is done on fluid, examples: Axial flow pump Centrifugal pump Axial flow compressor Centrifugal compressor Radial flow fan The type of turbomachines can also be defined as the manner of fluid movement through the rotating member If the flow is essentially axial with no radial movement of the streamlines then the machine is called an axial flow machine. If the flow is radial, the machine is classed as a radial flow centrifugal machine