G EO M ETRIC DIM ENSIO NING

M
L
P
ST
F
A1
M M C M AXIM UM M ATERIAL C O NDITIO N:
THAT C O NDITIO N WHERE A FEATURE O F
SIZE C O NTAINS THE M AXIM UM AM O UNT O F
M ATERIAL WITHIN THE STATED LIM ITS
O F SIZE. EXAM PLE: M INIM UM HO LE SIZE
AND M AXIM UM SHAFT SIZE.
LM C LEAST M ATERIAL C O NDITIO N:
THAT C O NDITIO N WHERE A FEATURE O F
SIZE C O NTAINS THE LEAST AM O UNT O F
M ATERIAL WITHIN THE STATED LIM ITS
O F SIZE. EXAM PLE: M AXIM UM HO LE SIZE
AND M INIM UM SHAFT SIZE.
RFS REG ARDLESS O F FEATURE SIZE:
THIS IS THE DEFAULT C O NDITIO N FO R ALL
G EO M ETRIC TO LERANC ES. NO BO NUS
TO LERANC ES ARE ALLO WED. FUNC TIO NAL
G AG ES M AY NO T BE USED.
PRO JEC TED TO LERANC E ZO NE: WHEN
THE SYM BO L IS SHO WN, IT M EANS THE
STATED TO LERANC E ZO NE IS EXTENDED
BEYO ND THE SURFAC E O F THE PART, NO T
WITHIN THE PART.
STATISTIC AL TO LERANC E: A
TO LERANC E FO R A PART O F AN
ASSEM BLY BASED O N THE RESULTS FRO M
A STATISTIC AL C ALC ULATIO N. THE DESIRED
RESULT IS LARG ER TO LERANC ES.
FREE STATE: THIS SYM BO L INDIC ATES
THE PARTS M UST NO T BE RESTRIC TED
DURING INSPEC TIO N.
DATUM SYM BO L: THIS SYM BO L IS
ATTAC HED TO A PLANE O R SIZE
FEATURE THAT M UST BE C O NTAC TED
FO R M AC HINING AND INSPEC TIO N.
BASIC DIM ENSIO N: THESE
DIM ENSIO NS HAVE NO TO LERANC E.
THEY O NLY LO C ATE A TO LERANC E ZO NE.
DIAM ETER SYM BO L: THIS SYM BO L
REPLAC ES THE WO RD "DIAM ETER." IT
SHO ULD BE USED ANYWHERE THERE IS A
DIAM ETER O N THE DRAWING , AND WHEN
A TO LERANC E ZO NE IS C YLINDRIC AL.
TO LERANC E ZO NES: ALL TO LERANC E
ZO NES SHO WN IN THE FEATURE C O NTRO L
FRAM E ARE TO TAL. EXAM PLE: FLATNESS
WITHIN .004 M EANS THAT TWO PARALLEL
PLANES NO M O RE THAN .004 APART
DEFINE THE TO LERANC E ZO NE.
DATUM TARG ETS: USED TO LO C ATE
SPEC IFIC PO INTS, LINES, O R AREAS
O N PARTS USED FO R SUPPO RT FO R
M AC HINING AND INSPEC TIO N C O M M O NLY
USED O N RIG ID PARTS LIK E C ASTING S AND
FO RG ING S AND NO N-RIG ID PARTS M ADE
FRO M PLASTIC , RUBBER, O R SHEET M ETAL.
DATUM REFERENC E FRAM E: ( THREE PLANE
C O NC EPT) . THE C O NC EPT O F USING
M UTUALLY PERPENDIC ULAR FEATURES O F A
PART TO C O NTRO L ITS FREE M O VEM ENT IN
SPAC E ( DEG REES O F FREEDO M ) . SEE DATUM
SYM BO L AND DATUM TARG ETS.
FREE M O VEM ENT
RESTRIC TED M O VEM ENT
LIM ITS O F SIZE RULE: WHERE O NLY A
SIZE DIM ENSIO N IS G IVEN. a) THE SIZE
DIM ENSIO NS AT ANY C RO SS SEC TIO N M UST
BE WITHIN THE SIZE TO LERANC E. b) THE
SURFAC E( S) SHALL NO T EXTEND BEYO ND
THE PERFEC T FO RM DEFINED BY THE M M C
SIZE. c) THE FO RM M AY VARY WITHIN AN
ENVELO PE BETWEEN THE M M C AND LM C .
G EO M ETRIC TO LERANC E RULE: G EO M ETRIC
TO LERANC ES ARE UNDERSTO O D TO BE
APPLIED RFS. IF M M C O R LM C IS
REQ UIRED, IT M UST BE PLAC ED IN THE
FEATURE C O NTRO L FRAM E. SEE M M C , LM C ,
O R RFS C O LUM N.
PITC H DIAM ETER RULE: TO LERANC ES
THAT APPLY TO SC REW THREADS APPLY TO
THE AXIS O F THE THREAD DERIVED FRO M
THE PITC H C YLINDER. IF ANO THER PART O F
THREAD IS TO BE USED TO DERIVE THE
AXIS, IT M UST BE STATED BENEATH THE
FEATURE C O NTRO L FRAM E. ANY O THER
FEATURE THAT HAS A PITC H DIAM ETER M UST
HAVE THE DATUM FEATURE STATED.

TERTIARY DATUM
( O NE PO INT M IN)
SEC O NDARY DATUM
( TWO PO INTS M IN)
PRIM ARY DATUM
( THREE PO INTS M IN)
M O DIFIER FO R THE
STATED TO LERANC E
STATED TO LERANC E
DIAM ETER SYM BO L ( C YLINDRIC AL
TO LERANC E ZO NE)
G EO M ETRIC C HARAC TERISTIC SYM BO L
A B C M .005
M
FEATURE C O NTRO L FRAM E:
EXAM PLE:
AC TUAL
M M C
BO NUS
.503
.500
.003
.507
.005
.500
A M
A B C M .005
WITHIN RELATIVE TO
BASIC SENTENC E STRUC TURE: WHEN
USING THE ENG LISH LANG UAG E TO SAY
WHAT IS IN THE FEATURE C O NTRO L FRAM E.
YO U M AY USE THE FO LLO WING C O NNEC TING
WO RDS:
EXAM PLE: THE PO SITIO N O F THE
FEATURE AXIS M UST BE WITHIN A .005
TO LERANC E ZO NE AT M M C RELATIVE TO
DATUM FEATURES A, B, AND C .
BO NUS TO LERANC E: WHEN M M C IS
SHO WN M O DIFYING A PARTIC ULAR
TO LERANC E, THE STATED TO LERANC E
APPLIES O NLY WHEN THE FEATURE BEING
C O NTRO LLED IS AT M M C . THE BO NUS IS
THE DIFFERENC E BETWEEN THE AC TUAL SIZE
AND THE M M C SIZE AND M AY BE ADDED
DIREC TLY TO THE O RIG INAL TO LERANC E.
AT M M C THE HO LE M UST BE PO SITIO NED
WITHIN A C YLINDRIC AL TO LERANC E ZO NE O F
.005 DIAM ETER. AS THE EXAM PLE SHO WS,
THE HO LE HAS DEPARTED FRO M M M C BY
.003. THE .003 BO NUS TO LERANC E M AY
NO W BE ADDED TO THE O RIG INAL .005
ZO NE FO R A TO TAL O F .008 TO LERANC E.
FUNC TIO NAL G AG ES: DEVIC ES THAT
M EASURE THE C O LLEC TIVE EFFEC TS O F SIZE
AND G EO M ETRIC TO LERANC ES AT THE SAM E
TIM E. IT REPRESENTS A SIM ULATED
M ATING C O NDITIO N.
BO NUS TO LERANC ES AND FUNC TIO NAL
G AG ES: DIREC TLY APPLIC ABLE TO ANY
G EO M ETRIC C HARAC TERISTIC THAT IS
M O DIFIED BY .
SHIFT: AS A DATUM FEATURE O F SIZE,
THAT IS G EO M ETRIC ALLY C O NTRO LLED,
DEPARTS FRO M M M C , ADDITIO NAL
TO LERANC E M AY BE C O NSIDERED FO R THE
C O NTRO LLED FEATURES. THIS ADDITIO NAL
TO LERANC E DO ES NO T ADD DIREC TLY TO
THE O RIG INAL TO LERANC E BUT M UST BE
APPLIED TO THE PATTERN O F FEATURES AS A
G RO UP. IT IS C O NSIDERED A TO LERANC E
THAT ALLO WS THE C O NTRO LLED FEATURES
TO SHIFT AS A G RO UP.
VIRTUAL C O NDITIO N: THE C O LLEC TIVE
EFFEC T O F SIZE AND G EO M ETRIC
TO LERANC ES THAT M UST BE C O NSIDERED
IN DETERM INING THE FIT O R C LEARANC E
BETWEEN M ATING PARTS O R FEATURES.
TO C ALC ULATE VIRTUAL C O NDITIO N:
EXTERNAL FEATURES:
M M C SIZE + TO LERANC E O F FO RM ,
O RIENTATIO N, O R LO C ATIO N
INTERNAL FEATURES:
M M C SIZE TO LERANC E O F FO RM ,
O RIENTATIO N, O R LO C ATIO N
A VIRTUAL C O NDITIO N WILL EXIST O NLY FO R
TO LERANC ES THAT C O NTRO L SIZE FEATURES.
* THIS C O LUM N INDIC ATES PO SSIBLE
TO LERANC E ZO NES THAT M AY BE USED WITH
THE VARIO US C O NTRO LS. THE DIFFERENT
TO LERANC E ZO NES ARE SHO WN ALO NG THE
BO TTO M O F THIS C HART.
THIS C HART IS PRO VIDED FO R
INFO RM ATIO NAL PURPO SES O NLY.
THE INFO RM ATIO N IS BASED UPO N
ASM E Y14.5M - 1994.
G ENIUM PUBLISHING C O RP.
O NE G ENIUM PLAZA
SC HENEC TADY, NY 12304
( 518) 377-8854
S Y M B O L S , R U L E S , A N D G U I D E L I N E S
YES NO
YES
YES
NO
A
A
A
A .004
SYM M ETRY
A
.004 EQ UALLY
DISPO SED FRO M
C ENTER PLANE
C O NC EN
TRIC ITY
A .004
.004 ARO UND
DATUM AXIS
.022 ZO NE
AT LM C
.014 ZO NE
AT M M C
TRUE C ENTER
.380
.620 PO SITIO N
C .620
.380
B
A
A B C M
M L
.014
.250 .004
RFS
ALWAYS
RFS
ALWAYS
O R
C AN
APPLY
TO A
FEATURE
O F SIZE.
M
YES
IF
IS
STATED
L
O
C
A
T
IO
N
YES
YES
NO
NO
A
A
A
.004 A
A
.004 A
C O NC ENTRIC
C IRC LES
.004 APART
TWO C O NC ENTRIC
C YLINDERS
.004 APART RFS
ALWAYS
RFS
ALWAYS
TO TAL
RUNO UT
C IRC ULAR
RUNO UT
R
U
N
O
U
T
NO
NO
.004
A A
.004 A
TWO LINES
.004 APART
ALO NG TRUE
PRO FILE
TWO PLANES
.004 APART
ALO NG TRUE
PRO FILE
DO ES
NO T
APPLY
DO ES
NO T
APPLY
M AY BE
USED
O R
M AY NO T
M AY BE
USED
O R
M AY NO T
PRO FILE
O F A
SURFAC E
PRO FILE
O F A LINE
P
R
O
F
IL
E
YES
YES
YES
.004 A
.004 A
A
A
A
15
.004 A
TWO PARALLEL
PLANES.004
APART
A
A
TWO PARAL
LEL PLANES
.004 APART
TWO PARALLEL
PLANES .004
APART
90
15 M
YES
IF
IS
STATED
M
YES
IF
IS
STATED
M
YES
IF
IS
STATED
M L O R
C AN
APPLY
TO A
FEATURE
O F SIZE.
M L O R
C AN
APPLY
TO A
FEATURE
O F SIZE.
M L O R
C AN
APPLY
TO A
FEATURE
O F SIZE.
ANG ULARITY
PERPEN
DIC ULARITY
PARALLELISM
O
R
IE
N
T
A
T
IO
N
FAC TS TO REM EM BER FAC TS TO REM EM BER
TYPE SYM BO L
AS SHO WN
O N DRAWING
TO LERANC E
ZO NE
M M C LM C
O R RFS
DATUM
USED
FUNC
G AG E
USED
TO LER
ZO NE
TYPE
A
D
G
H
J
A
D
G
H
J
A
D
G
H
J
C
D
E
F
B
E
G
H
J
J
G
H
A PARALLEL LINES B PARALLEL LINES C PARALLEL LINES D PARALLEL PLANES E PARALLEL PLANES F PARALLEL PLANES G PARALLEL PLANES H PARALLEL PLANES J C YLINDER ZO NE
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
.004
.005 .500
.004
.500 .005
.004
.500 .005
.004
.500 .005
TWO PARALLEL
LINES .004
APART
TWO PARALLEL
PLANES, .004
APART
TWO C O NC EN
TRIC C IRC LES
.004 APART
TWO C O NC EN
TRIC C YLINDERS
.004 APART
M
YES
IF
IS
STATED
DO ES
NO T
APPLY
DO ES
NO T
APPLY
DO ES
NO T
APPLY
M L O R
C AN
APPLY
TO A
FEATURE
O F SIZE.
C YLINDRIC ITY
C IRC ULARITY
FLATNESS
STRAIG HTNESS
F
O
R
M
.004
A
H
J
D
B
E
A
A