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Basic of Gas Metering System For Oil & Gas
Basic of Gas Metering System For Oil & Gas
By Anwar Sutan
There are a few types of gas meter. All of these meters at the end have one goal, which is
to get a reliable result of measurement that can be converted to amount of money. In the
old days, measurement is only based on standard volume total. But the amount of energy
will be different for different composition of gas. Thats why nowadays people use
energy measurement as a standard for buying and selling gas.
There are a few types of gas meter, we have mass meters, and we have volume meters.
We classify the type of meter base on what the raw output of the meter is. Then from the
raw data, with the help of some calculation standards, we will have parameters such as
density, compressibility, calorific value, etc. These parameters will help us determine all
other totalisers.
Some basic calculations that are used in gas turbine and ultrasonic metering systems are:
Gross volume flow rate: 3600 cpsm ctsm mf
kf
f
volume unit/hour
Gross volume flow rate: 3600
4
2
cpsm ctsm mf
d
vog
volume unit/hour
Standard volume flow rate:
S
L
GVF
=
L
=Line density
S
=Standard density
At most applications, these parameters such as compressibility and density are calculated.
The calculation is defined in standards. AGA 8 is on of the most used standard to get the
compressibility and density. Density also defined in ISO 6976 standard.
Mass Flow rate
Mass flow rate is defined by how much mass goes through a meter in every certain time
unit. Mass can be determined by knowing fluid density. The formula for mass volume is:
Mass flow rate =
L
GVF or
S
SVF
For mass meter such as orifice, mass flow rate is the raw output from the calculation of
the orifice parameters. And by knowing the line and standard density, standard volume
and gross volume will be determined.
Energy Flow rate
Energy flow rate is defined by how much energy goes through a meter in every certain
time unit. Energy can be determined by knowing Gross heating value which is defined by
how much energy contain in certain standard volume unit. The formula for energy flow
rate is:
Energy flow rate = GHV SVF
Calculation for GHV is defined in standards such as ISO 6976 and GPA 2172.