1

Rozanne Joseph B. Ocampo

En12: Communication in English II
Mr. Miguel N. Lizaa
2! March 2"12
The end is near.
Television Shows (49 Days and 100 Days to Heaven)
As a new way to show Human Anxiety of the End of the o!ld"#
Introuction
#he stu$ sho%s that human an&iet$ o' the (en o' the %orl) is no% e&presse through
tele*ision sho%s a+out li'e an eath li,e 49 days an 100 Days to Heaven#
49 Days is a -orean tele*ision sho% %ritten +$ .o /$un -ung an irecte +$ Jo 0oung
-%ang %hich %as aire in -orea last March to Ma$ 2"11. It %as aire here in the 1hilippines
through 2B.3CBN 'rom Jul$ to Octo+er 2"11 %ith the title $u!e %ove. It is a+out a girl %ho gets
to ha*e a secon chance in li'e i' she %ill +e a+le to collect three pure tearrops 'rom the people
%ho lo*e her. 100 Days to Heaven is a 1hilippine tele*ision sho% %ritten +$ 4ino 1erez %ith
an original stor$ +$ Richar Re$nante5 an irecte +$ Mann$ 1alo an Malu .e*illa. It %as
aire here in the 1hilippines 'rom Ma$ to No*em+er 2"11. It is a+out a %oman %ho ies an is
suppose to go to hell +ut +egs .an 1ero to gi*e her a secon chance an let her enter hea*en
instea.
In 49 Days the en o' the %orl an&iet$ is e&presse through the girl)s esire to ha*e a
secon chance in li'e. In 100 Days to Heaven5 e*en though the %oman ies5 the en o' the %orl
an&iet$ %as e&presse through her esire to enter hea*en. #he t%o tele*ision sho%s are not
irectl$ a+out apocal$pse or oomsa$ li,e en3o'3the3%orl 'ilms %ere. But the$ touch on the
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topic o' suen eath an the hope o' ha*ing a secon chance in li'e or i' not5 the hope o' ha*ing
an eternal li'e5 %hich is +elie*e to +e achie*e in hea*en. #hese ,ins o' topic sho% human
an&iet$ a+out the en o' the %orl.
/uman an&iet$ a+out the en o' the %orl has +een sho%n in a lot o' 'ilms since this
2"12 preiction has +ecome pre*alent. /o%e*er5 as %e are approaching the preicte $ear5 the
tren o' this ,in o' 'ilms is going o%n. 4oes this mean that the issue o' the (en o' the %orl)
is $ing o%n6 Or ha*e %e 'oun a ne% %a$ to channel our an&iet$ a+out the (en o' the %orl)
through tele*ision sho%s6 #his is %hat the stu$ ta,es a loo, at.
Consiering all o' this5 the stu$ is concerne on ho% an %h$ are tele*ision series5 li,e
78 4a$s an 1"" 4a$s to /ea*en5 are no% +ecoming a ne% %a$ 'or humans to sho% their
an&iet$ a+out the (en o' the %orl). In unerstaning this5 it 'irst see,s to unerstan ho% an
%hen the issue o' the (en o' the %orl) +egan an +ecame pre*alent an ho% has it a''ecte
humans in terms o' causing them an&iet$. In connection %ith tele*ision sho%s +eing the ne%
%a$ an 'ilms +eing the ol %a$5 the stu$ see,s to unerstan ho% humans e&press their
an&iet$ a+out the (en o' the %orl) through 'ilms an %hat is it a+out this genre that mae them
use it. #hen 'inall$5 to esta+lish tele*ision sho%s as the ne% %a$ o' sho%ing human an&iet$5 the
stu$ as,s ho% humans sho% their an&iet$ a+out the (en o' the %orl) through tele*ision
sho%s5 particularl$ 78 4a$s an 1"" 4a$s to /ea*en5 an %hat is it a+out this genre that ma,es
them use it o*er 'ilms.
In ma,ing the sai in9uir$5 the stu$ pro*ies a eeper unerstaning o' the nature o'
humans an ho% it is a''ecte +$ its culture. Ienti'$ing %hat humans are an&ious a+out
ienti'ies %hat are important 'or humans. .eeing ho% this ,in o' issue a''ects humans sho%s
3
ho% our culture a''ects us into such e&tent as a''ecting our *er$ nature. #he stu$ emonstrates
the importance o' culture in creating5 e*eloping an moling humans.
In this paper5 I %ill argue that #ele*ision sho%s li,e 78 4a$s an 1"" 4a$s to /ea*en are
no% +ecoming a ne% %a$ 'or humans to e&press their an&iet$ a+out the :en o' the %orl: +$
sho%ing human an&iet$ in a su+tle an inirect %a$ ;gi*en the tele*ision genre:s :e*er$a$ness:
an omestic characteristics< as compare to the 'ilms: %a$ o' sho%ing human an&iet$ +$
ma,ing the en3o'3the3%orl e*ent its 'ocus or main stor$ ;gi*en the 'ilms: length an lac, o'
aura< that %e are use to5 consiering that the iea o' the :en o' the %orl: +egan earl$ in the
human histor$ through human)s ignorance o' the ph$sical la%s an human)s sense o' structure
that continue no%aa$s %ith the Ma$an Calenar as the main +asis.
I +egin m$ iscussion +$ e&ploring the iea o' the :en o' the %orl: that +egan earl$ in
the human histor$ through human)s ignorance o' the ph$sical la%s an human)s sense o'
structure that continue no%aa$s %ith the Ma$an Calenar as the main +asis. #hen I %ill
procee to tal, a+out human an&iet$ a+out the en o' the %orl e&presse through 'ilms in a
irect or straight3'or%ar %a$ +$ ma,ing the en3o'3the3%orl e*ent as the main 'ocus o' en3o'3
the3%orl 'ilms gi*en the 'ilms) length5 %ier auience5 an it +eing %ithout aura. #hen 'inall$5
+e'ore coming up %ith m$ conclusion5 I %ill ma,e a point that human an&iet$ a+out the en o'
the %orl is no% e&presse through tele*ision sho%s +$ sho%ing human an&iet$ in a su+tle an
inirect %a$ gi*en the tele*ision genre)s e*er$a$ness an omestic characteristics.
I. It)s all a+out the En.
#he Rapture5 #he 2pocal$pse5 En #imes5 4 a$5 4oomsa$5 2"125 #he En o' the
=orl: all o' this point to%ars a single iea that ha*e +een +othering humans since the$ e&iste5
4
the iea that their e&istence %ill e*entuall$ come to an en. 0es5 as soon as the$ realize that
the$ are e&isting5 the$ ha*e 9uestione their e&istence. /umans %ere an&ious 'or their en as
earl$ as the start o' their e&istence.
#his ma$ ha*e +een +rought a+out +$ humans) insu''icient ,no%lege a+out the %orl
uring the ancient times. 2ccoring to .ha% in her +oo, Eve of Dest!u&tion (199')5 most li,el$5
the iea o' the En +egan as earl$ as the .tone 2ge. It %as a time %hen almost e*er$thing %as a
m$ster$. #he$ onl$ ,no% the +asic that the .un gi*es them li'e. .o %hen there is .olar or Lunar
Eclipse5 the$ go +erser, an see this alrea$ as a sign o' the En. #he$ gi*e o''erings to appease
the sun5 %hich the$ are all epenent to. #his %as %hen %atching 'or the signs o' the En starte
;.ha% 2<. 1rehistoric humans epene on nature %ithout unerstaning the ph$sical la%s o'
nature so e*er$ happening that the$ cannot e&plain causes them panic. =ithout actuall$ ,no%ing
it5 humans ha*e alrea$ conceptualize the iea o' the En an %atching signs o' it.
=ith humans) insu''icient ,no%lege5 the$ tr$ to unerstan the %orl in %hich the$ li*e
in. #he$ %ere *er$ concerne %ith %hat is happening aroun them so the$ %ill +e a+le to
unerstan their e&istence in the %orl. In connection %ith this5 accoring to >ran, in his essa$
?=aiting 'or the En@ in the +oo, A(o&aly(se Theo!y and the Ends of the o!ld (199').
/umans are use to oing e*er$thing %ith s$nta& or a +asic structure. #hat structure is that5
things ha*e a +eginning an an en. =e see this e*er$%here5 in our sentences an e*en in the
(tic,3toc,) o' the cloc,. Because %e are %ith this ,in o' structure e*er$ a$5 %e lose sense
%hen %e o not see this structure. #hus5 %e also appl$ this structure o' +eginning an en in our
o%n e&istenceAli'e in orer to ma,e sense o' it ;>ran, 2B"32C!<.
.ince these instances %hen the iea o' the %orl coming to an En starte5 man$
ini*iuals ;e.g. philosophers5 star gazers5 intellectuals< an groups ;religious or not< ha*e
5
preicte the ate %hen the En %ill come. #hese preictions starte as earl$ as 2.4. 1BC
?Montanus preicts the En. #he Montanist Mo*ement o' 1hr$gia hules together an a%aits
the En@ ;.ha% 21C<. Man$ preictions ha*e 'aile since then5 +ut until no% %e still ha*e
preicte ates o' the En o' the =orl that is $et to happen. One o' %hich is the $ear 2"12
preiction +ase on the Ma$an Calenar. 2ccoring to Craig5 author o' the article D#he En o'
the =orl as =e -no% It6D in the Eournal )ead (*009)5 the Ma$ans ha*e an a*ance calenar
that preicte the lunar eclipse +e'ore the$ happene. #here calenar has c$cles that ha*e
speci'ic start an en ates. =e are no% on a c$cle that starte B512B $ears ago an it %ill en on
4ecem+er 215 2"12 ;Craig 1731F<.
2s %e can see no%5 humans alrea$ e*elope into intellectual ini*iuals +ut it in)t
stop the iea o' the En5 instea ma,ing it more pre*alent an soun. In the humans *enture to
unerstan their e&istence5 %hich is until no% 'ull o' theories5 the$ still +elie*e in the preicte
ates although man$ ha*e alrea$ 'aile5 thus humans still ha*e the an&iet$ 'or the coming
4ecem+er 215 2"12. /umans +ecoming intellectual ini*iuals in)t help at all. #his onl$ mae
e*er$thing %orse +ecause humans cannot Eust sho*e a%a$ these preicte ates since the$ no%
unerstan the rationale +ehin them. /umans ha*e come to unerstan that the En is not onl$
an iea +ut rather a realit$. #hrough histor$5 %e ha*e ,no%n that certain ci*ilizations ha*e
ene. =e ha*e come to unerstan nature +etter an %e ha*e seen an recore ho% nature can
+e estructi*e %ith all the 'loos5 earth9ua,es5 tsunamis5 tornaoes. #here ha*e +een places that
%ere erase 'rom the map through the course o' nature. -ortner sai this accoringl$ through his
+oo, The End of the o!ld+ A Theolo,i&al -nte!(!etation (199'). It can +e that the %hole %orl
%ill en5 +ut there is also a possi+ilit$ that it %on)t. =e on)t ,no% 'or sure5 +ut %e are sure that
%e ha*e al%a$s +een %ith catastrophes5 as seen in our nature an histor$ ;-ortner5 1"F311"<.
6
>rom all o' these preictions that ne*er came to an en5 %e can see ho% humans %ere
*er$ sure that the En %ill come. Religious groups ha*e their o%n +elie's on ho% the %orl %ill
en an %hen it %ill en. #hese +elie's are i''erent 'rom one another5 +ut one thing is common
+et%een all o' them. =hen a preiction 'ails5 the$ re%or, the ates. It is +ecause the$ are all
certain o' one thing: the %orl %ill en. It)s Eust that the$ on)t ,no% the e&act ate5 so the$
recalculate it. E*en i' ho% man$ times the$ ha*e to o this5 the$ %ill continue +ecause the$
+elie*e that the en is imminent ;>ran, 2B"32C!<.
=e can clearl$ see ho% the iea o' the en starte an +ecame realit$ a''ecte humans.
.ince prehistoric humans ha*e concei*e this iea5 it alrea$ cause them an&iet$ that the$
starte gi*ing o''erings an sacri'ices to something that the$ are not actuall$ *er$ sure o'. .ince
this iea has +een concei*e5 humans ha*e continuousl$ trie to unerstan this +etter5 tr$ing to
ecipher the coe o' our e&istence. No% that the$ ha*e gro%n to unerstan e*er$thing +etter5
the$ still cannot ecipher this coe5 this actuall$ ae to the an&iet$ that the$ are 'eeling. #he$
al%a$s see, to comprehen e*er$thing5 +ut their e&istence an it coming to an en is still 'ull o'
theories that is %h$ the$ are still 'ull o' an&iet$ a+out the en happening.
/umans cannot contain this an&iet$ so the$ tr$ to 'in %a$s in %hich the$ can channel
an e&press it. One e*ient %a$ in %hich humans channel their an&iet$ o' the En o' the =orl
is through 'ilms.
II. #he En in >ilms
/uman an&iet$ o' the En o' the =orl is %hat En3o'3the3=orl 'ilms is all a+out. #his
is *er$ e*ient in this ,in o' 'ilms) stor$line an 'ocus. #a,e 'or e&ample the 'ilm 2"12 in the
$ear 2""8. 4irecte an %ritten +$ Rolan Emmerich the 'ilm)s tagline is (=e %ere %arne)
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pertaining to the Ma$an preiction that %e ha*e alrea$ ,no%n $ears ago. It is e*ient that the
'ilm is a+out the En o' the =orl an it sho%s human an&iet$ through the main character)s
moti*ation o' +ringing his 'amil$ +ac, together +ecause the %orl %ill en. It irectl$ sho%s the
an&iet$ o' humans that the En ma$ come an the$ are still in con'lict %ith their 'amilies or
generall$5 the$ still ha*e pro+lems to +e 'i&e. #he catastrophic e*ent irectl$ sho%s the an&iet$
o' humans on ho% the$ %ill +e a+le to escape an sur*i*e that e*ent. #his is emphasize %ith the
special e''ects mae5 an i' the special e''ects are more realistic5 the more are humans a+le to
purge out their 'eelings o' an&iet$ %hen this ,in o' e*ent happens. #he camera shots 'ocus on
+eing a+le to sho% ho% rea'ul the En ma$ +e5 aie +$ the sountrac, that intensi'ies the 'ear
that the auience can 'eel. 2ll the elements o' the 'ilm5 the stor$5 the cast5 an cinematograph$
account into sho%ing ho% the %orl %ill en as realistic an ramatic as possi+le5 so that
humans %atching an ha*ing an&iet$ a+out the En %ill +e a+le to5 in a %a$5 purge or %ash out
this 'eeling.
=e can see that human an&iet$ o' the en o' the %orl is sho%n irectl$ through en3o'3
the3%orl 'ilms an this is +ecause o' the nature o' this genre. Consiering the 'ilms) length5 it is
mae to +e sho%n 'or t%o to three hours onl$. .o the main point o' the 'ilms or the main emotion
that the 'ilm %ants to e*o,e 'rom the auience shoul +e sho%n immeiatel$. #here is little
room 'or the auience to rea +et%een the lines an 'igure out %hat the 'ilm is all a+out +ecause
the stor$ o' the 'ilm shoul +e e*elope %ithin a relati*el$ short perio o' time.
2sie 'rom this5 the 'ilm +eing %ithout aura ma,es it is easier 'or it to resonate across a
%ier range o' perceptions an mins. #his is e&plaine +$ -ol,er in his essa$ ?#he >ilm #e&t
an >ilm >orm@ in the +oo, .ilm Studies+ /!iti&al A((!oa&hes (*000):
#he te&tualit$ o' 'ilm is i''erent 'rom a no*el or painting. Less personal5 +ut more
accessi+le. Neither uni9ue nor intimate5 $et closer to the %orl most o' us li*e in5
8
engage in ailiness5 an po%er'ull$ in touch %ith the social. #he te&t %ithout aura
+ecomes the te&t that resonates across man$ 'iels an man$ consciousnesses. ;-ol,er5
8G21<
2s sai +$ -ol,er5 the 'ilm)s lac, o' aura can +e use to its a*antage. It is %ithout aura
+ecause o' its reprouci+ilit$5 aura comes %ith the presence o' an o+Eect an +ecause a 'ilm is
easil$ reprouce5 it loses its aura. #he 'ilm +eing meiate +$ meia is o' its a*antage +ecause
it is easil$ accessi+le an it +ecomes li,e a soun proucing lot o' echoes that reach a great eal
o' people %ith i''erent +ac,grouns an culture. >ilms ma$ not +e as e*ocati*e as rama pla$s
are5 still it has meaning or message that the auience ac9uires an it con*e$s this 'ar an %ie.
/umans 'irst use this genre to e&press their an&iet$ o' the en o' the %orl uring the
moern times +ecause o' its accessi+ilit$ an its %ier auience that allo%s human an&iet$ to +e
e&presse through a larger scale.
III. #he En in #ele*isions
2s %e approach the 4ecem+er 215 2"12 preiction5 I ha*e o+ser*e that there is a suen
rise in the num+er o' tele*ision sho%s a+out li'e an eath. Last 2"115 t%o tele*ision sho%s that
are practicall$ a+out suen eath %ere aire in the 1hilippines. One is the ,oreano*ela 78 4a$s
an the other one is the teleser$e 1"" 4a$s to /ea*en. 2s seen in the t%o tele*ision sho%s5 the$
are not irectl$ a+out the en o' the %orl compare to ho% 'ilms %ere mae. #here is no
catastrophic e*ent that %ill en the race o' man,in an this is not the main 'ocus o' the sho%.
/o%e*er5 the$ can +e consiere as En3o'3the3=orl tele*ision sho%s +ecause o' the
topics that the$ touch. In 78 4a$s5 the main character %ho suenl$ ies see,s 'or a chance to
ha*e a secon chance in li'e. I' 'ace %ith that ,in o' situation5 humans %ill e'initel$ %ant a
secon chance. #he main character realizes the importance o' her li'e through her suen eath
an humans can relate to this 'eeling o' regret o' not li*ing one)s li'e to the 'ullest until one)s
9
time comes. In 1"" 4a$s to /ea*en5 the main character also suenl$ ies an she %ants to +e
a+le to go to hea*en though she %as originall$ estine 'or hell. =e5 >ilipinos5 +elie*e on the
concept o' /ea*en an /ell5 an i' con'ronte %ith the same ,in o' situation5 o' course %e
pre'er to achie*e eternal li'e in hea*en. .he regrets all the +a things that she has one to others
an she learns to +e a lo*ing person. /umans selom realize their misoings until the$ ie.
4eath +rought a+out +$ the sai En o' the %orl is i''erent 'rom (orinar$ eaths)
+ecause it not as suen as (orinar$ eaths) are. =e ha*e preictions 'or the sai En o' the
%orl an this ma,es En3o'3the3%orl eaths less suen that (orinar$ eaths). In preicting
ates 'or the en o' the %orl5 %e ha*e preicte ates 'or our eath5 an %aiting 'or one)s eath
is much more pain'ul than not ,no%ing it or not ha*ing an$ iea o' it. It is 'or this reason that
en o' the %orl eath gi*es a i''erent ,in o' an&iet$ to humans as compare to the an&iet$
cause +$ eath itsel'.
#hese tele*ision sho%s e&press this ,in o' an&iet$ +$ sho%ing %hat happens a'ter the
suen eath o' the main character. /uman)s an&iet$ o' the en o' the %orl is actuall$ +rought
a+out +$ the m$ster$ o' %hat happens to us a'ter %e ie on a preicte ate. #hese tele*ision
sho%s sho% this +ecause their stor$ o not stop a'ter the main character is ea5 instea5 that is
the point %here the stor$ starts.
2s %e can see5 human an&iet$ o' the En o' the =orl is no% e&presse in a su+tle an
s$m+olic %a$. 2s compare to 'ilms5 there is no literal en3o'3the3%orl e*ent in these tele*ision
sho%s. Instea5 this is represente in the suen eath o' the main character. #he characters)
*enture to sa*e human,in in 'ilms is represente +$ the tele*ision sho%s) main characters)
struggle to come +ac, to li'e. =ith this ,in o' su+tlet$ an s$m+olisms5 the auience pa$s
attention to the sho% e*en more. Moreo*er5 the$ are not *er$ much a%are that this ,in o'
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an&iet$ is alrea$ e*o,e 'rom them. #his helps +ecause some humans ma$ not amit to this
,in o' an&iet$ the$ are 'eeling. 2lso5 %ith the genre)s length5 there is room 'or e*elopment in
this ,in o' 'eeling an %e can sa$ that it is purge out e*en more.
2sie 'rom its length that allo%s 'urther e*elopment5 the tele*ision)s omestic
characteristics an e*er$a$ness also pla$s a part in purging out humans) 'eeling o' an&iet$
a+out the En. #ele*ision is a omestic meium so it o''ers us (e*er$a$ness). #he mere 'act
that the tele*ision sta$s %ithin our househol is important to unerstaning the tele*ision as a
meium more. =e are %ith the tele*ision e*er$ a$ an thus it +ecomes a omestic meium.
2ccoring to Hra$ in her article ?#ele*ision in the /ome ;#he (Cultural 1olitics) o' #ele*ision
in the /ome<@ in the +oo, Television Studies (*00')+
#ele*ision is place5 %atche an use %ithin i''erent ,ins o' omestic settings across
the glo+e5 an as such presents itsel' as an important an constituti*e part o' national
omestic li'e. #ele*ision is also important in that it +rings the pu+lic into the pri*ate
omain. It is then5 at its core a contraictor$ meium. It o''ers (%ino% on the %orl) 'or
those in the sitting room %hile +ringing that %orl into the 'amiliar5 the omestic5 the
e*er$a$. But5 argua+l$5 it is a omestic meium in another sense. ;Hra$ 1"7 G 1"C<
#his (e*er$a$ness) helps in e&pressing human an&iet$ in tele*ision sho%s in a su+tle
%a$ an this su+tlet$ turns out to +e a more e''ecti*e %a$ as compare to 'ilms. =ith this
su+tlet$5 the auience isco*ers that the$ ha*e this ,in o' an&iet$ +$ themsel*es an this allo%s
them to process this 'eeling %ithin them an thus it is e&presse or purge out more.
=h$ is there a nee to purge out this an&iet$ e*en more6 Because as humans are slo%l$
approaching the sai ate o' the En an the$ +ecome more an&ious a+out it5 so an&ious a+out
this upcoming ate that their channel shoul ha*e enough e*elopment to e&press it. 2sie 'rom
this5 humans nee something that %ill remin them o' this upcoming oom e*er$ a$5 ;that is
%h$ it shoul +e as su+tle as possi+le5 so that the auience %ill not get tire o' it an there can +e
man$ %a$s in %hich it can e*elop< so human an&iet$ is no% e&presse through tele*ision. It
11
can also +e seen that the t%o tele*ision sho%s5 49 Days an 100 Days to Heaven5 +oth ha*e a lot
to o %ith re+irth or ne% li'e. .o asie 'rom purging out human)s an&iet$ o' the en o' the
%orl5 these tele*ision sho%s also purge out the 'eeling o' hope. It gi*es humans a sense o' hope
that the$ %ill not actuall$ cease e&isting +ut instea ha*e a ne% li'e.
Conclusion
/umans ha*e al%a$s +een li*ing %ith an&iet$ that the %orl %ill come to an En. #his
an&iet$ starte %ith ancient humans) lac, o' unerstaning o' the ph$sical la%s o' nature. #his
continue %ith humans) esire to unerstan e*er$thing an the$ sa% ho% li'e has a structure o'
ha*ing a +eginning an an en. /umans ha*e e*elope into intellectual ini*iuals +ut this
in)t stop their an&iet$5 instea it mae humans realize that En is not onl$ an iea +ut actuall$
a realit$.
/umans ha*e +een 'ining %a$s to e&press or purge out their an&iet$ an the$ ha*e
'oun the 'ilm genre as a channel. #hrough 'ilms5 human an&iet$ o' the En is e&presse irectl$
through the stor$line 'ocusing on one +ig catastrophic e*ent that %ill en the human race. #his is
so +ecause o' the 'ilm genre)s length5 %ier auience an lac, o' aura.
2s %e are nearing the most in'amous preicte ate o' the en o' the %orl5 4ecem+er
215 2"125 the an&iet$ that human 'eel ha*e intensi'ie an so humans channele it through
another genre5 the tele*ision. #his genre allo%s more purging out o' humans) 'eeling o' an&iet$
+ecause it allo%s e*elopment an it has a ,in o' su+tlet$ that allo%s humans to process an
unerstan this ,in o' 'eeling %ithin them. #his su+tlet$ also allo%s humans to e&press their
an&iet$ e*en though the$ are not a%are that the$ ha*e this ,in o' an&iet$.
12
#hrough the tele*ision sho%s 78 4a$s an 1"" 4a$s to hea*en5 %e can see ho% humans
ha*e +een a''ecte +$ the preictions o' the En. =e can see ho% humans ha*e trie to e&press
their an&iet$ through these tele*ision sho%s +ecause the$ cannot contain it an$more an using
the tele*ision genre is a +etter %a$ to purge out their an&iet$ as compare to the 'ilm genre.
2sie 'rom this5 the en3o'3the3%orl narrati*es meiate through the tele*ision genre present
human)s sense o' hope in ha*ing a ne% li'e. #hrough the stu$5 %e ha*e seen ho% humans)
%orr$ 'or their en is actuall$ a part o' their nature.
=or,s Cite
Hra$5 2nn. ?#ele*ision in the /ome ;#he (Cultural 1olitics) o' #ele*ision in the /ome<@.
Television Studies. E. #o+$ miller. Lonon: British >ilm Institute5 2""B. 1"731"C. 1rint.
13
-ermoe5 >ran,. ?=aiting 'or the En.@ A(o&aly(se Theo!y and the Ends of the o!ld. E.
Malcolm Bull. Cam+rige5 Massachusetts: Blac,%ell 1u+lishers Inc.5 188B. 2B"32C!.
1rint.
-ol,er5 Ro+ert. ?#he >ilm #e&t an >ilm >orm.@ .ilm Studies+ /!iti&al A((!oa&hes. E. John
/ill an 1amela Hi+son. Ne% 0or,: O&'or Ini*ersit$ 1ress5 2""".8321. 1rint.
-ortner5 Ilrich /.J. ?Notions o' the En o' the =orl.@ The End of the o!ld+ A Theolo,i&al
-nte!(!etation. #rans. 4ouglas =. .tott. Louis*ille: =estminster John -no& 1ress5 188B.
1"F311". 1rint.
Naler5 Craig. D#he En O' #he =orl 2s =e -no% It6.D )ead B8.! ;2""8<: 1731F. %ite!a!y
)efe!en&e /ente!. =e+. 1! 4ec. 2"11.
.ha%5 E*a. ?In the Beginning.@ Eve of Dest!u&tion+ $!o(he&ies0 Theo!ies and $!e(a!ations fo!
the End of the o!ld. Los 2ngeles: Lo%ell /ouse5 188B. 2. 1rint.
D2"12 ;2""8< 1lot .ummar$D. IM4+.com.Inc. =e+. C >e+ruar$ 2"12 J IM4+.com
http:AA%%%.im+.comAtitleAtt118""K"Aplotsummar$L.
=or,s Consulte
Bignell5 Jonathan. ?.haping 2uiences.@ An -nt!odu&tion to Television Studies. Ne% 0or,:
Routlege ;#a$lor M >rancis Hroup<5 2""7. 2F"32F1. 1rint.
HutiNrrez5 1eter. DLessons Learne >rom #he 2pocal$pse.D S&!een Edu&ation C! ;2"11<: 7737K.
/ommuni&ation 1 2ass 2edia /om(lete. =e+. 1! 4ec. 2"11.
-umar5 -rishan. ?2pocal$pse5 Millennium an Itopia #oa$.@ A(o&aly(se Theo!y and the
Ends of the o!ld. E. Malcolm Bull. Cam+rige5 Massachusetts: Blac,%ell 1u+lishers
Inc.5 188B. 2""G227. 1rint.