tiu chun quc t lEC 687

------------------------ Xut bn
ln th 2
l9
92- 06

cc cng t tnh ti in nng
tc dng dng xoay chiu
(cc cp 0,2s ! 0,"s#


Ng i
dch
Nguyn
vn i
$%i dung
Li ni u
iu khon
l. Lnh vc p dng
2. Cc quy chiu chun mc
3. Cc nh ngha
3.l Cc nh ngha chung
3.2 Cc nh ngha lin quan n cc phn t chc nng
3.3 Cc nh ngha v phn t c
3.4 Cc nh ngha v cch in
3.5 Cc nh ngha v cc thut ng lin quan n cng t
3.6 Cc nh ngha v cc i l ng nh hng
3.7 nh ngha cc thY nghim
4. Cc yu cu
4.l Cc gi tr in ti u chun
4.2 Cc yu cu c
4.3 Cc iu kin khY hu
4.4 Cc yu cu i n
4.5 TYnh t ng tYch in t (EMC)
4.6 Cc yu cu v cp chYnh xc
5.Cc th nghim v cc iu kin th nghim
5.l Cc th tc v th nghim chung
5.2 Cc th nghim v cc yu cu c
5.3 Cc th nghim cc nh hng khY hu
5.4 Cc th nghim v yu cu in
5.5 Cc th nghim v t ng thYch in t (EMC)
5.6 Cc th nghim v cc yu cu cp chYnh xc
Cc ph lc
2
A. Quan h gi a nhit mi tr ng xung quanh v m t ng
i
B. Dng sng in p i vi cc th nghim nh hng ca cc lm
in p v cc ct ngn gn
C. Nam chm i n th nghim nh hng ca cc t tr ng xut
pht t bn ngoi
D. Chng tr nh th nghim
cc &'ng
l. Cc in p quy chiu chun.
2. Cc khong cch trong khng khY v cc ng in r i vi cc
tm bng cc cc.
3. Ch dn cc in p.
4. Dy nhit .
5. m t ng i .
6. Cng sut tiu th bao gm c ngun cung cp.
7. Dy in p.
8. Cc bin i do t pht nng.
9. Gii hn cc sai s theo phn trm ( Cc cng t mt pha v cc cng
t ba pha vi cc ph ti cn bng ).
l0. Cc gii hn sai s theo phn trm ( Cc cng t 3 pha mang l ph
ti mt pha, nhng vi in p 3 pha cn bng t vo cc mch i n
p ).
ll. Cc i lng nh hng
l2. H s nhit .
l3. Cc th nghim in p xoay chiu.
l4. Cn bng cc in p v dng.
l5. Cc i u kin qui chiu (chun).
l6. Gii thYch cc kt qu o.
3
() &an *+ thu,t in -u.c t/ 0
--------------
1c cng t tnh ti in nng tc dng
dng xoay chiu (cc cp 0,2 2 ! 0,"2#
34i n5i 6u
l) Cc qut nh hoc tho thun chYnh thc ca lEC v cc
vn k thut c son tho bi cc U ban k thut, trong c
cc i din ca cc U ban quc gia ang c s quan t m c bit
n vn ny, th hin s nht trY Quc t cao v cc ch
c cp.
2) Cc quyt nh hoc tho thun ny l nhng khuyn ngh
s dng quc t v c cc U ban quc gia chp nhn theo
ngha .
3) xc tin s thng nht Quc t, lEC by t mong mun tt
c cc U ban Quc gia nn chp nhn khuyn ngh ca lEC nh l cc
qui nh quc gia ca mnh trong chng mc cc iu kin quc gia
cho php . Bt k s khc bit no gi a khuyn ngh ca lEC v qui
nh quc gia t ng ng, cn c nu r trong chng mc cho php
trong qui nh ny.
Tiu chun quc t ny c son tho bi U ban k thut lEC
l3: Cc thit b o in nng v iu khin cc ti.
Ln xut bn th hai ca lEC 687 hu b v thay th ln xut bn
th nht xut bn nm l980 nh bo co ca lEC.
7n &'n c8a ti9u chu:n n!y ;c d<a !o cc t!i =iu sau :
4
D tho ti u chun quc t
DlS
Bin bn biu quyt
l3 (CO) l0l3 l3 (CO) l0l7
Thng tin y v biu quyt chp nhn tiu chun ny c
th t m trong bin bn biu quyt ch trong bng trn.
Cc ph lc A, B v C to thnh mt b phnhp nht ca tiu
chun ny.
Ph lc D ch mang tYnh cht thng tin.
M u.
Tiu chun quc t ny c son tho vi s tham
kho lEC 52l v lEC l036.
Cng nh i vi lEC 52l v lEC l036, tiu chun ny ch
bao gm cc th nghim mu.
Cc th nghim c xem nh cc gi tr ti thiu bo
m tng chc nng ca cng t trong cc iu kin lm
vic bnh thng. i vi cc p dng c bit th cc mc
th nghim khc c th cn thit v phi qui nh mt tho
thun chung gi a ngi s dng v nh ch to.
Cc khYa cnh tin cy ca thit b o in nng v
iu khin ph ti sl c x l ring rl bng mt nhm cng
tc ca TC l3.
Cc th nghim, cc iu kin th nghim v cc mc
th nghim c ly t lEC 52l, lEC l036 v cc quy nh
khc thYch hp ca lEC. Cc th nghim c b xung c
lin quan n t ng thYch in t ( EMC ).
5
cng t tnh ti in nng >c dng
dng xoay chiu ( 1c cp 0,22 ! 0,"2 #
l. Lnh vc p dng
Tiu chun quc t ny ch p dng cho cc cng t tnh ti mi
ch to c cc cp chYnh xc 0,2S v 0,5S c dng o in nng
tc dng dng xoay chiu c tng s gi a 45 HZ v 65 HZ; v cho cc
th nghim mu ca chng.
Tiu chun ny ch p dng cho cc cng t tnh ti loi trong
nh bng cc my bin p bao gm mt hoc nhiu phn t o v ghi
c lp ghp trong cng mt hp cng t .
Ghi ch. lEC l85 m t my bin p c mt dy o bng 0,05l
n
ti
l,5l
n
hoc bng 0,05l
n
ti 2l
n
v cc my bin p c dy o bng 0,0ll
n
ti l,2 l
n
cho cc cp chYnh xc 0,2S v 0,5S. Nh cc dy o ca ng h
o phi thYch hp vi cc my bin p c lin kt v ch c cc my
bin p c cc cp 0,2S v 0,5S c cc cp chYnh xc cho vn hnh vi
cc cng t ca ti u chun ny, dy o ca ng h o phi l 0,0ll
n
ti l,2 l
n
.
6
Tiu chun ny cng p dng cho cc b ch th hoc cho cc b
ch th lm vic vi trang b hoc nhiu trang b th nghim v cc
cng t o in nng trong c 2 chi.
Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho:
a) Cc cng t in nng phn khng m in p gi a cc u
cc ni qu 600V ( gi a cc pha trong tr ng hp cc cng t nhiu pha )
b) Cc cng t xch tay v cc cng t ngoi tri
c) Cc giao din d liu vi cc phn t b ghi ca cng t .
Khi mn hnh v (hoc) b nh bn ngoi hp, hoc khi cc
phn t khc c bao kYn trong hp cng t ( nh l cc b ch th nhu
cu cc i , o t xa, ng h thi gian chuyn mch, hoc iu
khin t xa v.v...), th ti u chun ny ch p dng cho b phn o
m.
Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho bt k cc th nghim chp
nhn v cc th nghim t ng hp ( hai th tc th nghim ny hp
thnh cc yu cu hp php ca cc nc khc nhau v ch c th ly
tng phn).
i vi cc cng t c lp t trong gi treo th cc c tYnh c
khng bao gm trong ti u chun ny.
2) Cc quy chiu chun
Cc ti liu chun mc sau y c cc qui nh m qua tham
kho trong vn bn ny, to nn cc quy nh c gi tr cho tiu chun
quc t ny. Vo lc cng b th cc ln xut bn c ch nh, u
c hiu lc. Tt c cc ti liu chun mc u tu thuc vo vic xt
duyt li v cc bn ly s nht trY c da vo ti u chun quc t
ny khYch l vic nghi n cu kh nng p dng cc ln xut bn mi
nht ca cc ti liu chun mc c ch nh di y. Cc thnh vin
ca lEC v lSO gi cc bn ghi chp ca cc tiu chun quc t c hiu
lc thng xuyn.
lEC 38: l983; Cc i n p chun ca lEC.
lEC 50 ( 30l, 302, 303 ) l983. T ng k thut in quc t ( lEV )
Chng 30l: Cc thut ng chung lin quan n cc o l ng
in.
Chng 302: Cc ng h o in t.
lEC 60 : Cc k thut th nghim cao p.
lEC 68 -2 - l : l990 - Cc th nghim mi tr ng - Phn 2 : Cc
th nghim - Cc th nghim A : Lnh.
lEC 68 -2 -2 : l974 - Cc th nghim mi tr ng - Phn 2 : Cc
th nghim - Th nghim B : Nng kh.
7
lEC 68 - 2 - 6 : l982 - Cc th nghim mi tr ng - Phn 2 : Cc
th nghim - Th nghim Fc v hng dn:
Rung ng (hnh sin).
lEC 68 - 2 - ll : l98l - Cc th nghim mi tr ng - Phn 2 :
Cc th nghim - Cc th nghim Ka - Sng
mui.
lEC 68 - 2 - 27 : l987 - Cc th nghim mi tr ng - Phn 2 :
Th nghim Ea v hng dn : Va p.
lEC 68 - 2 - 30 : l980 - Cc th nghim mi tr ng - Phn 2 :
Cc th nghim - Th nghim Db v hng dn :
th nghim chu k nng m (Chu k l2 + l2
gi ).
lEC 85 : l984 : nh gi v phn loi nhit ca cch in.
lEC l85 : l987 : Cc my bin dng.
lEC l86 : l987 : Cc my bin in p.
lEC 255 - 4: l986: R le o ch mt i l ng cung cp u
vo vi thi gian c lp c qui nh.
lEC 359 : l987: Biu thc cc tYnh cht lm vic ca cc thit
b o in v in t.
lEC 387 : l972: Cc k hiu v cc cng t dng xoay chiu.
lEC 4l7C : l977 : Cc k hiu biu c s dng trn cc
thit b - Mc lc, sao k v su tp ca cc t
ring - B sung ln th 3.
lEC 5l4 : l975 : Kim tra nghim thu cc cng t dng xoay
chiu cp 2.
lEC 5l2 : l988 : Cc cng t in nng tc dng dng xoay
chiu cp chYnh xc 0,5; l; 2.
lEC 529 : l989 : Cc mc bo v cung cp bi cc v bc ( M
lP ).
lEC 695 - 2 -l: l980 : Cc th nghim lin quan n cc ri ro
chy - Phn 2 : Cc phng php th nghim -
Phn l : Th nghim bng si dy nng sng
v hng dn.
lEC 72l - 3 - 3 : l987 : Phn loi cc iu kin mi tr ng -
Phn 3 : Phn loi cc nhm thng s mi tr -
ng v khc nghit ca chng. S dng
trm c nh c bo v chng cc thi tit
xu.
lEC 736 : l982 : Thit b th nghim i vi cc cng t
in.
8
lEC 80l- l : l984: t ng thYch in t i vi cc thit b
o v iu khin trong cc qu tr nh cng
nghip ho. Phn l: M u chung.
lEC 80l- l : l984: t ng thYch in t i vi cc thit b
o v iu khin. Phn 2 : Cc yu cu phng in - tnh
in.
lEC 80l - 3 : l984 : t ng thYch in t i vi cc thit b o v
iu khin trong cc qu tr nh cng nghip - Phn 3
: Cc yu cu lin quan n cc tr ng bc x i n t.
lEC 80l - 4 : l988 : TYnh t ng thYch in t i vi cc thit b o v
iu khin trong cc qu tr nh cng nghip - Phn 4
: Cc yu cu lin quan n phng in chp / qu
nhanh.
lEC 8l7 : l984 : Dng c th nghim va p tc ng bng l xo v
nh c ca n.
lEC l036 : l990 : Cc cng t tnh ti in nng tc dng dng xoay
chiu ( cp l v 2 ).
ClS PRl4 : l985 : Cc gii hn v phng php o cc c tYnh ca cc
thit b i n trong gia nh, cc dng c xch tay
v cc thit b in t ng t, lin quan ti cc nhiu
lon v tuyn i n.
lSO 75 : l987 : Cc cht dlo v bnYt - xc nh nhit on di ti
3. Cc nh ngha :
Cc nh ngha sau y cn cho tiu chun quc t ny p
dng
Phn ln cc nh ngha sau y c ly t cc chng tr nh
thYch ng ca T ng k thut i n quc t ( lEV ), lEC 50 ( 30l, 302,
303 ). Trong cc tr ng hp nh th, th cn tham kho lEV thYch ng.
Mt s nh ngha hoc sa i mi ca cc nh ngha lEV c
thm vo trong tiu chun ny to thun li cho s hiu bit. Cc
biu thc cc cht l ng lm vic ca cc thit b in v in t
c ly t lEC 359.
3.l Cc nh ngha chung.
9
3.l.lCc cng t i n nng tc dng: ng h dng o in
nng tc dng bng cch ly tYch phn ca cng sut tc dng theo
thi gian lEV 302 - 04 - 06 .
3.l.2 Cng t tnh ti in nng tc dng: Cng t trong dng
v in p t vo cc phn t tnh ti in t ( cc phn t trng
thi rn ) sinh ra mt tn s xung t l vi att gi.
3.l.4 Loi cng t : Thut ng dng nh ngha mt tp hp
cc cng t c ch to bi cng mt nh ch to v c:
a) Cc c tYnh o l ng ging nhau.
b) Cng cu to ging nhau v cc b phn xc nh cc c
tYnh ny.
Loi c th c mt s gi tr khc nhau v dng nh mc v
in p quy chiu
Cc cng t c k hiu, bng nh ch to, bng mt hoc nhiu
nhm ch hoc s, hoc mt t hp c s ln ch. Mt loi ch t ng
ng vi mt k hiu.
Ghi ch: Loi c ti u biu bi mt hoc nhiu cng t mu dng
cho cc th nghim mu m cc c tYnh ca chng ( dng nh mc
v in p qui chiu ) c la chn t cc gi tr cho trong cc bng
c ngh bi nh ch to.
3.l.5 Cng t qui chiu: Cng t c dng o n v in
nng . N th ng c thit k v s dng t c chYnh xc cao
nht v n nh trong mt mi tr ng iu khin c ca mt phng
thY nghim.

3.2 Cc nh ngha lin quan n cc phn t chc nng.
3.2.l Phn t o : B phn ca cng t sinh ra mt tn s xung
u ra t l vi in nng.
3.2.2 Cc trang b u ra.
3.2.2.l Trang b th nghim : Trang b c th c s dng
th nghim cng t .
l0
3.2.2.2 B ch th lm vic : Trang b cho mt tYn hiu nhn
thy v s lm vic ca cng t .
3.2.3 B nh - Phn t l u tr cc thng tin s.
3.2.3.l B nh khng xo ngay : Trang b l u tr c th duy tr
thng tin trong khi khng c in p.
3.2.4 Mn hin th: Trang b hin th cc ni dung ca mt b nh
hoc nhiu b nh.
3.2.5 B ghi : Trang b in c hoc in t gm c b nh v
mn hnh hin th cc thng tin.
Mt mn hin th n c th c s dng vi nhiu b nh in
t to thnh mt phn t cc biu gi tr.
3.2.6 Mch dng : Cc dy ni bn trong cng t v b phn ca
phn t o qua c dng ca mch cng t c ni vo.
3.2.7 Mch in p : Cc dy ni bn trong cng t , to thnh mt
b phn ca phn t o v ngun cung cp ca cng t ( nu cng t
khng c cung cp bi mt ngun cung cp bn ngoi ) c cung cp
bi in p ca mch cng t c ni vo.
3.2.8 Mch ph : Cc phn t (n, tip im .v.v.) v cc dy ni
ca mt trang b ph bn trong cng t , dng ni vo mt trang b
bn ngoi , vY d ng h thi gian, r le, cng t xung hoc vi mt
ngun cung cp bn ngoi, nu cn.
3.2.9 Hng s : Gi tr biu th quan h gi a in nng ghi c
bi cng t v gi tr t ng ng c cho bi trang b th nghim; nu
gi tr ny l mt s xung th hng s sl l mt s xung theo kiloatt
gi (imp / kh) hoc l s att gi theo xung (h / imp).
3.3 Cc nh ngha cc phn t c.
3.3.l Cng t kYn ( trong nh ) : cng t ch c th s dng trong
cc ni c mt bo v ph chng cc nh hng ca mi tr ng (t
trong nh, trong mt hp ).

3.3.2 : Phn ng sau ca hp th ng c c nh v trn
c lp phn t o, cc u cc hoc tm cc bn cc v np.
i vi mt cng t c lp ngang bng ( lng khYt vo bn trong
mt b mt) th ca n c th bao gm c cc cnh ca hp.
3.3.2.l u kp cp: c cc hm c th nhn cc cht mi ni
ca cng t c th tho lp c v c cc u cc ni vo mch
ll
cung cp. ny c th l mt u kp ca cp n cho mt cng t
hoc nhiu cng t .
3.3.3 Np : B phn phYa tr c hp cng t , c lm bng hoc
l vt liu hon ton trong, hoc l bng vt liu m c gm mt
hoc nhiu ca s trong, cho php quan st b ghi hot ng ( nu
c ) v tm bn c ch s.
3.3.4 Hp : mt hp bao gm c v np. Hp c th chung
cho mt hoc nhiu cng t .
3.3.5 B phn dn c th tip cn c : B dn ngn tay th
nghim tiu chun c th chm ti khi cng t c lp t v sn
sng s dng.
3.3.6 u cc ni t bo v : u cc c ni vo cc b phn
dn c th tip cn c ca mt cng t i vi cc mc Ych an ton.
3.3.7 Tm bn u cc : Mt tm bng vt liu cch i n tp
hp tt c hoc mt s u cc ca cng t .
3.3.8 Np u cc : Np che cc u cc v, th ng l u cc
si hoc cc cp lp t c ni vo cc u cc ny.
3.3.9 Khong cch trong khng khY: Khong cch ngn nht, c
o trn b mt cch in gi a hai b phn dn.
3.4 Cc nh ngha lin quan n cch in.
3.4.l Cch in chYnh : Cch in ca cc b phn mang dng,
dng cung cp bo v c bn chng cc git in.
Ghi ch : Cch in chYnh khng cn thit bao gm cch in -
c s dng dnh ring cho cc mc Ych chc nng.
3.4.2 Cch in ph : Cch in c lp c t vo ngoi cch
in chYnh ra, cung cp bo v chng cc git in trong tr ng
hp c h hng cch in chYnh.
3.4.3 Cch in kp : Cch in bao gm c cch i n chYnh ln
cch in ph.
3.4.4 Cch in tng cng : H thng cch in n ca cc b
phn mang dng, n cung cp mt mc bo v chng cc git i n t -
ng ng vi mt cch i n kp.
l2
Ghi ch : Thut ng i nsulati on system - h thng cch i n
khng bao hm l cch in phi l mt chi tit ng nht. N c th
bao gm mt s lp v khng th th nghim n ll nh cch in
chYnh hoc ph.
3.5 Cc nh ngha thut ng lin quan n cng t .
3.5.l Dng nh mc ( l
n
) : Gi tr dng m theo gi tr ny mt
s cc c tYnh cng t c cung cp bi mt hoc nhiu my bin
p c n nh.
3.5.2 Dng cc i ( l
max
) : Gi tr ln nht ca dng cng
t c xem nh tho mn cc yu cu lin quan ti s chYnh xc ca ti u
chun ny.

3.5.3 in p qui chiu ( U
n
) : Gi tr ca in p, theo gi tr
ny th mt s cc c tYnh ca cng t c n nh.
3.5.4 Tn s qui chiu : Gi tr tn s theo gi tr ny th mt s
cc c tYnh ca cng t c n nh.
3.5.5 Ch s cp : S cho cc gii hn sai s theo phn trmchp
nhn c, i vi tt c gi tr dy , i vi h s cng sut bng
n v t ng i ( v trong tr ng hp cc cng t nhiu pha vi ti
cn bng), khi cc cng t c th nghim trong cc iu kin chun
( quy chiu ) ( bao gm c cc dung sai cho php trn cc gi tr qui
chun ) nh c xc nh trong tiu chun ny.
Ghi ch : Trong tiu chun ny, cc cng t c phn loi theo ch
s cp 0,2S v 0,5S ca chng.
3.5.6 Sai s theo phn trm : Sai s theo phn trm c cho theo
cng thc sau:

in p ghi bi cng t - in nng
thc
Sai s theo phn trm
x l00
in nng thc
Ghi ch : Gi tr thc ca in nng khng th c xc nh, ngi
ta ly mt gi tr gn ng vi mt chYnh xc c th a li cho mt
cng t quy chiu c nht trY gi a nh ch to v ngi s dng
hoc mc quc gia.
3.6 Cc nh ngha v cc i l ng nh hng.
l3
3.6.l i l ng nh hng : Tt c cc i l ng, thng ngoi cng t ,
c th nh hng n cc ch lm vic ca n lEC 30l- 08- 09
c sa i .
3.6.2 Cc iu kin chun: Tp hp thYch hp ca cc i l ng nh
hng v ca cc c tYnh lm vic vi cc gi tr chun, cc dung sai
v cc dy qui chiu ca chng, sai s ni ti c qui nh lEV
30l- 08 -l0 sa i .
3.6.3 Bin i sai s theo i l ng nh hng : Hiu s gi a cc sai
s theo phn trm ca cng t , khi ch mt i l ng nh hng tha
nhn lin tip hai gi tr c qui nh, mt trong chng l gi tr quy
chiu.
3.6.4 H s mo : T s ca gi tr hiu dng phn l ng sng hi
( thu c bng cch tr mt i l ng xoay chiu khng sin t s hng c
bn ca n ) vi gi tr hiu dng ca i l ng khng sin. H s mo th -
ng c biu th theo phn trm.
3.6.5 Nhiu lon i n t : Cc nhiu lon in t truyn dn hoc
bc x c th nh hng n s lm vic v o l ng ca cng t .
3.6.6 Nhit qui chiu : Nhit mi tr ng xung quanh quy
nh cho cc iu kin qui chiu.
3.6.6.l H s nhit trung bnh:Th ng ca bin i sai s
theo phn trm vi s thay i ( khong cch ) nhit sinh ra s
bin i ny.
3.6.7 Cc i u kin vn hnh nh mc : Tp hp cc dy o c
quy nh i vi ccc tYnh lm vic v cc dy lm vic qui nh
i vi cc i l ng nh hng, trong cc bin i hoc cc sai s
lm vic ca mt cng t c quy nh v xc nh.
3.6.8 Dy o quy nh : Tp hp cc gi tr ca mt i l ng o v
i vi cc gi tr ny th sai s ca mt dng c o c gi thit duy
tr c gi a cc gi tr quy nh.
3.6.9 Dy vn hnh quy nh : Dy cc gi tr ring ca mt i l -
ng nh hng lm thnh mt phn ca cc iu kin vn hnh nh
mc.
3.6.l0 Dy vn hnh gii hn : Cc iu kin cc hn m mt cng
t khi vn hnh c th chu m khng c h hng hoc gim dn v
cc c tYnh ca n khi sau n c s dng trong cc iu kin
vn hnh nh mc ca n.
3.6.ll Cc iu kin l u kho v chuyn ch : Cc iu kin cc hn
m mt cng t khi khng vn hnh c th chu c m khng c h
hng hoc gim dn cc c tYnh ca n sau khi n c s dng
trong cc iu kin vn hnh nh mc ca n.
l4
3.6.l2 V trY lm vic bnh th ng : V trY ca cng t c xc
nh bi nh ch to nh l v trY lm vic bnh th ng.
3.6.l3 n nh nhit : n nh nhit c coi l t c
khi s bin i trong sai s do cc hiu ng nhit trong vng 20 pht
l di 0,l ln sai s cc i cho php i m th nghim xem xt.
3.7 nh ngha cc th nghim.
3.7.l Th nghim mu ( vt ) : Th tc theo mt dy cc th
nghim c thc hnh trn mt cng t duy nht hoc trn mt s nh
cc cng t cng loi, c cc c tYnh ging nhau, c chn bi nh
ch to, m bo rng loi cng t ny tho mn tt c cc yu cu
ca tiu chun i vi cp cng t t ng ng.
4. Cc yu cu
4.l Cc gi tr in tiu chun.
4.l.l Cc i n p qui chiu ti u chun.
Bng l: Cc in p qui chiu ti u chun
Cng t Cc gi tr tiu chun
V
Cc gi tr ngoi
l
V
Ch c cp qua my
bin dng
l20- 230 - 277 - 400 -
480
( lEC 38 )
l00 - l27 - 200 - 220
- 240 - 380 - 4l5
Ni qua mt hoc
nhiu my bin i n
p
57,7 - 63,5 - l00 - ll0
- ll5 - l20 -
200
( lEC l86)
l73 - l90 - 220
4.l.2 Cc dng tiu chun.
Cc dng nh mc tiu chun l lA, 2A v 5A
4.l.2.l Dng cc i .
Dng cc i nh mc ti u chun l l,2 l
n

4.l.3 Cc tn s qui chiu tiu chun.
Cc gi tr tiu chun i vi cc tn s qui chiu l 50HZ v 60HZ.
l5
4.2 Cc yu cu v c.
4.2.l Cc yu cu v c chung.
Cc cng t phi c thit k v ch to th no khng th
hin bt k nguy him no trong lm vic bnh th ng v trong cc
iu kin lm vic nh mc, m bo, c bit l:
- S an ton cho con ngi chng cc git in.
- S an ton con ng i chng cc hiu ng ca mt nhit qua
mc.
- An ton chng lan truyn la.
- Bo v chng xm nhp cc vt th rn, bi v nc.
Tt c cc b phn chu s n mn trong cc i u kin vn hnh
nh mc phi c bo v c hiu qu. Cc lp bo v phi khng th
chu cc h hi trong cc thao tc bng tay bnh th ng cng khng th
b h hi do phi ra ngoi khng khY trong cc iu kin vn hnh
nh mc.
Ghi ch : i vi cc cng t c s dng trong cc khng khY n
mn th cn quy nh cc yu cu b sung trong hp ng mua bn (
VY d : th nghim sng mui lEC 68 - 2 - ll).
4.2.2 Hp ( cng t ).
Cng t phi c mt hp c th c cp ch nh th no cc
b phn bn trong cng t ch c th tip cn c sau khi tho cc
cp ch ra.
Np khng tho ra c nu khng dng mt dng c.
Hp phi c cu to v lp t nh th no bt k s bin
dng t xut no cng khng th ngn cn c s vn hnh tho mn
ca cng t .
Tr phi c qui nh tri ng c, cc cng t c dng u vo
mt li i n cung cp in p trong cc iu kin qui chiu ln
hn 250V so vi t, v hp ca n l mt phn hoc ton b lm
bng kim loi phi c cung cp mt u cc ni t bo v.
4.2.3 Ca s.
Nu np ca cng t khng l loi trong th n phi c mt hoc
nhiu ca s c ghi s v quan st b phn ch th vn hnh,
l6
nu c. Cc ca ny l bng vt liu trong v khng th ly ra nguyn
vn m khng lm b gy t ch nim phong.
4.2.4 Cc u cc - Tm bn u cc - u cc ni t bo v.
Cc u cc cng t c th gom li trong mt hoc nhiu tm
bn u cc c cc c tYnh cch in thYch hp v bn c
thYch hp. tho mn cc yu cu nh th khi chn cc vt liu cch
in i vi cc tm bn u cc, th vic th nghim thYch ng cc
vt liu cn phi tYnh n.
Vt liu trong tm bn cc u cc c thc hin phi tho
mn cc th nghim ca lSO 75 i vi mt nhit bng l35 C v
mt p lc bng l,8M Pa (ph ng php A).
Cc l dn trong cc vt liu cch in hnh thnh mt on ko
di cc l u cc, phi c cc kYch th c thYch hp cho php a
vo d dng cch in ca cc dy dn.
Vic u ni cc dy dn vo cc u cc phi c thc hin th
no m bo tip xc l u bn v y v khng c ri ro ni
lng hoc pht nng qu mc. Cc mi ni bt vYt truyn lc tip xc
v cc kp cht bng vYt, c th c ni lng ra nhiu ln trong qu
tr nh s dng cng t , th phi bt vYt trong mt - cu bng kim loi.
Tt c cc b phn ca tng u cc phi nh th no gim ti
thiu tt c ri ro n mn do mt tip xc vi tt c cc b phn kim loi
khc.
Cc ni i n phi nh th no p lc tip xc khng truyn qua
vt liu cch in.
i vi cc mch dng, th in p c coi nh bng vi in p ca
mch i n p t ng ng.
Cc u cc c cc in th khc nhau c t hp gn nhau phi
c bo v chng cc ngn mcht xut. Bo v c th t c
thc hin bng cc tm chn cch in.Cc u cc ca cng mch
dng c coi nh l cng i n p .
Cc u cc, cc vYt nh v, cc dy dn hoc cc dy dn
ngoi hoc bn trong khng c th chm vo cc np u cc nu
chng c lm bng kim loi.
u cc tip t bo v, nu c:
l7
a) Phi c ni in vi cc b phn kim loi c th tip cn c.
b) Nu c th, lm thnh b phn ca cng t .
c) ThYch hp hn l t bn cnh tm bn u cc.
d) Phi cho php ni mt dy dn c tit din ti thiu bng tit
din cc dy dncc mch dng chYnh.
e) Phi c nhn dng r rng bng kY hiu ni t ( xem lEC
4l7C, s 50l9).
Sau khi lp t, n khng th ni lng u cc ni t bo v
m khng s dng mt dng c.
4.2.5 Cc np - u cc.
Trong tr ng hp cc u cc cng t c t hp trong mt
bn cc ,v nu cc u cc ny khng c bo v bng cc phng
tin khc th chng phi c che ph bng mt np u cc, c th
c cp ch np mt cch c lp. Np u cc phi che ph cc
u cc, cc vYt nh v cc dy dn v tr phi khng c quy nh
tri ngc, mt di thYch hp ca cc dy ni v cch i n ca
chng.
Khi cng t c lp trn bng th khng th tip cn vi cc u
cc m khng bl gy mt hoc cc ch ca mt hoc cc np u
cc.
4.2.6 Cc khong cch trong khng khY v ng r.

Cc khong cch trong khng khY v cc ng r ca tm bn
cc, cng nh cc khong cch nm gi a cc u cc v cc b phn
xung quanh hp, nu l kim loi th phi nh hn cc gi tr ch nh
trong bng 2. Cc gi tr c a vo lEC 664,v cc h s nh hng
sau:
- Loi lp t lll.
- Mc nhim 2.
- Nhm vt liu lllb
- Trng hp A, cc iu kin tr ng khng ng nht.
- cao ti 2000m trn mt bin.
Khong cch trong khng khY gi a np cc u cc, nu lm
bng kim loi, v mt ngoi ca cc vYt, khi cc vYt ny c xit c
nh cc dy dn vi tit din ln nhtc th chp nhn c, l khng
c nh hn cc gi tr thYch ng trong bng 2.
l8
Bng 2 : Cc khong cch trong khng khY v cc ng r
i vi tm bn cc
in p gi a pha v
t xut pht t
in p nh mc
ca h thng
( V )
Khong cch cc tiu
trong khng khY
( mm )
ng r cc tiu
( mm )

50
l00
l50
300

0,8
0,8
l,5
3,0
l,2
l,4
l,6
3,2
u cu th nghim in p xung cng phi c tn trng ( xem
5.4.6.2 )

4.2.7 khng nhit v la.
Tm bn u cc, np u cc v hp cng t phi m bo
an ton hp l chng truyn lan la. Chng khng c bng chy do
qu ti nhit ca cc b phn mang dng khi tip xc vi nhau. i vi
iu ny, cc phn t ny phi tho mn th nghim qui nh trong
5.2.4 ca ti u chun ny.
4.2.8 Bo v chng xm nhp bi v nc.
Cng t phi tho mn mc bo v lP5l nh ch nh trong
lEC 529 nhng khng ht vo trong cng t .

i vi cc th nghim, xem 5.2.5.
4.2.9 Mn hin s cc gi tr o c.
Thng tin c th c cho hoc bng mt phn t ghi in c
hoc l bng mn hin s in t. Trong tr ng hp mn hin s in
t th b nh khng xa phi c mt thi gian ghi nh ti thi 4 thng.
Ghi ch : Thi gian gi li ( ghi nh ) l u hn ca b nh khng xo
thng tu thuc vo hp ng mua bn.
Trong tr ng hp c nhiu gi tr c th hin bng mt mn hin
s duy nht th cc ni dung ca tt c cc b nh thYch ng phi c
th hin. Mn hin s ca cc b nh, phi c th nhn dng tng biu
gi c p dng.
Biu gi hin hnh phi c ch nh.
l9
Khi cng t khng c in th bng hin s in t khng cn
trng thy.
n v o l ng chYnh phi l kiloatt gi (Kh) hoc Mgaat t
gi (Mh).
i vi cc b ghi in c, tng trng quay lin tc ch cc gi tr
nh nht phi hoc l c khc v nh s theo l0 khc , mi
khc c chia nh thm thnh l0 phn, hoc l gm mt trang b
khc m bo cng chYnh xc c. Tng trng ch mt phn s
thp phn ca mt n v phi c kY hiu khc nhau nu chng
trng thy c.
B ghi phi c kh nng ghi v hin s, bt u t ero, i vi
mt cc tiu l l500 gi, nng l ng t ng ng vi dng cc i di in
p qui chiu v h s cng sut bng l

Ghi ch : Cc gi tr l500 gi tu thuc vo hp ng mua bn.

4.2.l0 Cc trang b u ra.
Cng t phi c mt trang b th nghim u ra c th tip
cnv phYa mt tr c v c th kim tra c vi mt thit b thYch hp.
B ch th vn hnh, nu c lp, phi c trng thy v phYa
mt tr c
4.2.ll Cc tm bn nhn.
Mi cng t phi mang cc ch dn sau, nu p dng c :
a)Tn nh ch to hoc nhn hiu, nuyu cu, ni sn xut.
b) Tn loi ( xem 3.l.4 ) v, nu yu cu, mt khong chng dnh
cho cc ch dn lin quan n s chp nhn.
c) S pha v s dy dn ca mch trong c th t cho cng
t ( VY d l pha 2 dy, 3 pha 3 dy, 3 pha 4 dy); cc ch dn ny
c th thay bng cc k hiu biu trong lEC 387.
d) S loi v nm sn xut. Nu s loi c k hiu trn mt tm
bin c nh vo np, s cng c k hiu trn ca cng t hoc
phn t o.
e) in p qui chiu di mt trong cc dng sau:
- S phn t o, khi n ln hn mt, v in p cc u cc
hoc cc mch in p ca cng t .
- in p nh mc ca l i hoc i n p th cp ca my bin p
o lng cng t c ni vo.

20
Cc vY d v cc ch dn cho trong bn 3:
Bng 3 : Ch dn cc in p.

Cng t
in p cc
u cc ca
mch in p
V
in p nh
mc ca l i
V
Mt pha 2 dy l20V l20V l20
Mt pha 3 dy, l20V bi cu ni vi
mch in p c lp gi a cc dy
ngoi cng.
240 240
Mch 3 pha 3 dy ( 230 V gi a cc
pha ), 2 phn t.
2 x 230 3 x 330
Mch 3 pha 4 dy ( 230V gi a tng
pha vi trung tYnh ), 3 phn t.
3 x 230 ( 400 ) 3 x 230 / 400
) Dng th cp nh mc ca mt hoc nhiu my bin p
cng t c ni vo, vY d: l5A; dng nh mc v dng cc i
ca cng t c th bao gm trong tn gi ca loi.
g) Tn s qui chiu bng Hert.

h) Hng s cng t , di dng : h/ imp hoc X im / Kh.

i) Ch s cp cng t .
) Nhit qui chiu nu khc 23C.
k) in p ph, nu c.
Cc ch dn a), b) v c) c th c k hiu trn mt tm bin bn
ngoi c nh vo np th ng xuyn.
Cc ch dn d) tik khng phi c k hiu trn mt tm nhn
thYch hp t bn trong cng t . Cc ch dn phi khng ty sch -
c, d trng thy v d c t phYa ngoi cng t .
Nu cng t c cung cp bng cc my bin p o l ng m
hng s ca cng t c tYnh n th t s bin p phi c k hiu.
Cc k hiu ti u chun cng c th c s dng ( xem lEC 387 ).
4.2.ll.2 Cc s u ni v k hiu cc u cc.
Mi cng t phi c mt s dy khng ty sch c. i vi cc
cng t nhiu pha th s ny cng phi ch c th t pha
cng t c d kin. Cho php thay th s bng mt s qui
chiu c xc nh trong mt ti u chun quc gia.
2l
Nu cc u cng t mang cc k hiu th cc du ny phi c
xut hin trn s .
4.3 Cc i u kin khY hu.
4.3.l Dy nhit .
Dy nhit ca cng t phi ph hp vi bng 4. Cc gi tr c
da vo lEC 72l - 3 - 3, bng l, vi loi tr mc m) Ngng t v p) Hnh
thnh bng tuyt.
i vi th nghim, xem 5.3.
Bng 4 : Dy nhit
Dy vn hnh c qui nh
- l0C ti 45C
Dy gii hn ca vn hnh
- 20C ti 55C
Dy gii hn l u kho v chuyn
ch
- 25C ti 55C

H s trung bnh nhit cho php do s bin i
nhit cho trong bng l2.
4.3.2 m t ng i.
Cng t phi c kh nng p ng c cc yu cu v
m t ng i ca bng 5. i vi th nghim kt hp nhit
v m, xem 5.3.3
Bng 5 : m t ng i
Trung bnh nm 75
Trong 30 ngy c ri ra t nhin trong sut
l nm
95
Ngu nhin trong mt s ngy khc 85
Cc gii hn m t ng i theo nhit khng khY
mi tr ng xung quanh c ch dn trong ph lc A.
4.4 Cc yu cu v in.
22
4.4.l Tiu th.
Cng sut tc dng v cng sut biu kin chn
nhit qui chiu v tn s qui chiu c hp th bi tng
mch in p di in p quy chiu v bi tng mch dng
i vi dng nh mc, khng c vt qu cc gi tr c ch
nh trong bng 6.
Bng 6: Cng sut hp th bao ngun c ngun cp
Ngun cp bn
trong
Ngun cp bn
ngoi
Mch in p 2,l0VA 0,5VA
Mch dng lVA lVA
Ngun cp ph l0VA

Ghi ch : Cc gi tr trong bng l cc gi tr trung bnh. Cc
im tiu th lc c in p l cho php nh ng c th xem
xt c cng sut cc my bin in p c lin kt.
4.4.2 nh hng ca in p cung cp.
4. 4.2.l Dy in p.
Bng 7 : Dy in p
Dy in p vn hnh quy nh T 0,9 ti l,l U
n
Dy gii hn vn hnh T 0,8 ti l,l5 U
n
Cc sai s cho php do cc thay i i n p ch trong bngll.
4.4.2.2 lm in p v cc ct ngn.
Cc vng in p v cc ct ngn phi khng c gy ra s
thay i ca phn t ghi qu 0,00lKh.Khi in p xut hinli th
cng t khng c cc gim dn cc c tYnho ca n. Cc gi tr ny
c da vo mt dng nh mc bng 5Av mt in p quy chiu
bng l00V ca cng t . i vi cc in p v dng khc th gi tr
23
0,00lKh phi c chuyn i mt cch ph hp. i vi th nghim
xem 5.4.2.l
4.4.3 nh hng cc dng ngn hn.
Khi tr li cc iu kin ban u, th cng t phi lm vic mt
cch nghi m chnhv cc thay i sai svi dng nh mc v mt h
s cng sut bng l khng c vt qu 0,05.
Cc cng t phi c kh nng chu c trong 0,5 gi y mt dng
bng 20 ln dng cc i m khng b h hi.
th nghim , xem 5.4.3.

4.4.4 nh hng ca t pht nng.
Bin i sai s do t pht nng phi khng c vt qu cc gi
tr cho trong
bng 8.
Bng 8 : Cc bin i do t pht nng.

Gi tr dng
Sin (in cm
hoc in dung)
Cc gii hn cc thay i sai s
theo i vi cc cng t cp
0,2S 0,5S

l
max
l
0,5 chm
sau
0,l 0,l
0,l 0,2


4.4.5 nh hng ca pht nng.
Trong cc iu kin lm vic nh mc, cc mch in v cc
cch in khng c t tY mt nhit c th gy ra ri ro ri lon
s lm vic ca cng t . tng nhit bt k im no ca b
mt bn ngoi ca cng t khng c vt qu 25K vi nhit mi tr -
ng xung quanh 40C.
Cc vt liu cch in phi ph hp vi cc yu cu thYch hp ca
lEC 85.
th nghim, xem 5.4.5.
24
4.4.6 Cch in.
Cng t v cc trang b ph c lin kt, nu c, phi nh th no
chng duy tr c cc tYnh cht in mi tho mn c di cc
iu kin lm vic nh mc, c tYnh n cc nh hng khng khY
v cc in p khc nhau cc mch ca chng chu di cc i u
kin lm vic nh mc.
Cng t phi chu c in p xung v th nghim i n p
xoay chiu nh quy nh trong 5.4.6.
4.5 TYnh t ng thYch in t ( EMC ).
4.5.l min tr cc nhiu lon i n t.
Cng t phi c thit k th no cc nhiu lon i n t dn
hoc pht x, cng nh cc phng in tnh i n, khng lm h hi v
cng khng nh hng thc cht g n cng t .
Ghi ch : - Cc nhiu lon c xem xt l nh sau :
. Cc phng i n tnh in.
. cc tr ng in t HF.
. Cc chp qu nhanh thnh dy.
th nghim ny, xem 5.5.
4.5.2 Kh nhiu v tuyn i n.
Cng t khng c pht sinh ting n dn hoc pht x c th
lm ri lon cc thit b khc.
th nghim ny , xem 5.5.5.
4.6 Cc yu cu v cp chYnh xc.
4.6.l Cc gii hn sai s i bin i dng.
Cng t c t trong cc i u kin qui chiu ch trong 5.6.l,
th cc sai s theo khng c vt qu cc gii hn ch dn, tu
theo cp chYnh xc trong cc bng 9 v l0.
Nu cng t c thit k o nng l ng trong c hai chiu
th cc gi tr ca cc bng 9 v l0 c p dng cho c hai chiu ny.
Bng 9 : Cc gii hn sai s theo phn trm
( Cc cng t nhiu pha di cc i n p nhiu pha cn bng vi mt
ph ti mt pha )
Gi tr dng H s cng sut ca
phn t t ng ng
Cc gii hn sai s theo
phn trm i vi cc cng
t cp.
25
0,2S 0,5S
0,0ll
n
l 0,05l
n
l
0,4 l,0
0,05l
n
l l
max
l
0,4 0,5
0,02l
n
l 0,ll
n
0,5 chm sau
0,8 chm sau
0,5
0,5
l,0
l,0
0,ll
n
l l
max
0,5 chm sau
0,8 chm sau
0,3
0,3
0,6
0,6
Khi c yu cu ring
ca ngi s dng
0,ll
n
l l
max
0,25 chm sau
0,5 chm sau
0,5
0,5
l,0
l,0

Bng l0: Cc gii hn sai s theo phn trm
( Cc cng t nhiu pha di in p nhiu pha cn bng vi mt ph
ti mt pha )
Gi tr dng
H s cng sut
ca phn t t -
ng ng
Cc gii hn sai s theo phn trm
i vi cc cng t
0,2S 0,5S
0,05l
n
l l
max
l
0,3 0,6
0,ll
n
l l
max
0,5 chm sau
0,4 l,0
Hiu s gi a sai s khi cng t ang mang mt ph ti mt pha v
mt ph ti nhiu pha dng nh mc v h s cng sut bng l,
phi khng c qu 0,4 v 0,l ln l t i vi cc cng t cp 0,2S v
0,5S.
Ghi ch : Khi th nghim theo bng l0, th dng th nghim cn
lp li tun t trn tng cc phn t o.
4. 6.2 Cc gii hn sai s do cc i l ng nh hng khc (thay i
in p,thay i tn s, dng sng, th t pha, mt cn bng i n
p ).
Sai s ph thm do cc i l ng nh hng khc, trong cc iu kin
qui chiu cho trong 5.6.l, khng c vt qu i vi cp chYnh xc
thYch ng, cc gii hn cho trong bng ll.
Bng ll : Cc i l ng nh hng.
26
Cc i l ng nh hng Gi tr dng
(ph ti cn
bng)
H s
cng sut
Cc gii hn thay
i theo phn
trm i vi cc
cng t cp
0,2S
0,5S
in p mch o
l0 l)
0,05l
n
l l
max
0,ll
n
l l
max
l
0,5 chm
sau
0,l
0,2
0,2
0,4
Thay i tn s
5
0,05l
n
l l
max
0,ll
n
l l
max
l
0,5 chm
sau
0,l
0,l
0,2
0,2
Dng sng: l0 ca
iu ho bc 3 trong
dng 2)
0,05l
n
l l
max
l 0,l 0,l
Th t pha o ngc 0,ll
n
l 0,05 0,l
in p khng cn
bng
8)
l
n
l 0,5 l,0
in p mch ph
l5 4)
0,0ll
n
l 0,05 0,l
Pha ca in p ph
b lch l00
4)
0,0l l 0,l 0,2
Cm ng t lin tc
ca ngun gc ngoi
5)
l
n
l 2,0 3,0
Cm ng t lin tc
ca ngun gc ngoi
0,5mT 6)
l
n
l 0,5 l,0
Trng in t HF
7)
l
n
l l,0 2,0
T tr ng ca mt ph
tng
0,0ll
n
l 0,05 0,l
l) i vi cc dy in p t - 20 n -l0 v t +l0 n
+l5 th cc gii hn sai s theo l 3 ln cc gi tr cho trong
bng ll. i vi cc gi tr di 0,8U
n
, th sai s cng t c th thay i
gi a +l0 v ( -l0 ).
2) H s mo i n p phi l di l.Thay i sai s theo phi
c o trong 2 iu kin sau: nh ca sng iu ho bc 3 trong
ln o th nht theo pha v trong ln o th 2 theo i pha ca cc
nh dng c bn. i vi cc cng t nhiu pha, cc mch i n p
phi c cp i n song song v cc mch dng theo ni tip.
3)Cc cng t nhiu pha phi o v ghi vi cc thay i sai s
nm bn trong cc gii hn ca bng ll nu l hoc 2 pha ca l i 3 pha
b ngt.
4) Ch p dng nu mch ph khng ni vo mch in p bn
27
trong cng t .
5) Cc iu kin th nghim c qui nh trong 5.6.l.
6) Cm ng t xut pht t bn ngoi bng 0,5m T c sinh ra bi
mt dng cng tn s vi tn s ca in p t vo cng t trong cc
iu kin khng thun li nhtv pha v hng, khng c gy ra mt
thay i sai s theo phn trm ln hn cc gi tr ln hn cc gi tr
trong bng ll. Cc iu kin th nghim c qui nh trong 5.6.2.
7) Cc iu kin th nghim c qui nh trong5.5.3.
8) Mt ph tng nh th, khi c t trong hp cng t , c cung
cp in gi n on, vY d nam chm in ca mt phn t ghi biu
gi kp.
Tt nht l ni vo ph tng c k hiu ch phng php ni
chYnh xc. Nu cc u ni ny c thc hin bng cc phYch cm v
cm th chng khng th thay i c.
4.6.3 Cc gii hn sai s do thay i nhit mi tr ng xung quanh.
H s nhit trung bnh khng c vt qu cc gii hn cho
trong bng l2.
Bng l2 : H s nhit .
Gi tr dng H s cng sut H s nhit trung bnh K
i vi cc cng t cp:
0,2S 0,5S
0,05l
n
l l
max
l 0,0l 0,03
0,ll
n
l l
max
0,5 chm sau 0,02 0,05
Vic xc nh h s nhit trung bnh i vi mt nhit
cho, phi c thc hin trong mt dy nhit 20K, l0K trn v
l0K di nhit ny, nhng trong bt k tr ng hp no th cc nhit
khng c ngoi dy nhit vn hnh c qui nh.
4.6.4 Khi ng v chy khng ti.
i vi cc th nghim ny th cc iu kin v cc gi tr ca
cc i l ng nh hng phi theo 5.6.l.
4.6.4.l Khi ng ban u cng t .
Cng t phi chy trong vng 5 gi y sau khi i np nh mc
c t vo cc u cc cng t .
4.6.4.2 Chy khng ti.
28
Khi in p t vo v khng c dng chy trong mch dng, th
trang b th nghim cng t khng c sinh ra qu mt xung. i vi
th nghim ny xem 5.6.4.
4.6.4.3 Khi ng.
Cng t phi khi ng v tip tc ghi i vi mt dng bng
0,00ll
n
vi mt h s cng sut bngl.
Nu cng t c thit k o i n nng trong c 2 chiu th
th nghim ny c p dng trong tng chiu.
i vi th nghim ny, xem 5.6.5.
4.6.5 Hng s cng t
Quan h gi a trang b th nghim v ch th trong bng h s
phi tun theok hiu trn tm nhn.
Cc trang b th nghim ni chung khng c sinh ra cc th t
xung thun nht. V th nh ch to phi ch dn s xung cn thit
m bo mt chnh xc o Yt nht bng l/l0 cp chYnh xc
ca cng t cc i m th nghim khc nhau.
5. Cc th nghim v cc iu kin th nghim.
5.l Cc th tc th nghim chung.
5.l.l Cc i u kin th nghim.
Tt c cc th nghim u c thc hin trong cc i u kin qui
chiu, tr phi c cc iu kin c bit c xc nh trong cc iu
khon thYch ng.
5.l.2 Th nghim mu th.
Th nghim mu th c xc nh trong 3.7.l phi c thc hin
trn mt hoc nhiu mu vt ca cng t c chn bi nh ch to,
thit lp cc c tYnh ring v lm bng chng l n ph hp
vi cc yu cu ca ti u chun ny.
Th t th nghim c khuyn ngh trong ph lc D.
Trong tr ng hp c cc sa i ca cng t c thc him sau
khi th nghim mu v ch lin quan n mt s b phn nht nh
ca cng t th cc th nghim c th c gii hn trn cc c tYnh
b nh hng bi cc sa i ny.
5.2 Cc th nghim c.
29
5.2.l Th nghim va p bng ba c l xo.
bn c ca hp cng t phi tho mn th nghim bng ba
c l xo ( xem lEC 8l7 ).
Cng t trong v trY dng bnh th ng, v c tc ng vi mt
ba c l xo vi mt ng nng bng 0,02 Nm 0,05Nm vo tng mt
bn ngoi ca hp, bao gm c cc mt c cc ca s, v vo c np
cc u cc.
i vi cng t t trong hc th th nghim ny ch p dng
cho b phn mt tr c ca chng.
Kt qu th nghim l tho mn, nu hp v np cc u cc
khng th hin bt k h hi no c th nh hng xu n s lm vic
ca cng t , v nu khng th chm vo cc b phn mang in. Cc
h hi b mt m khng nh hng xu n vic bo v chng cc tip
xc gi n tip hoc xm nhp ca cc vt rn, bi v nc, u c th
chp nhn c.
5.2.2 Th nghim va p.
Th nghim c thc hin theo lEC 86 -2 -27, trong cc iu kin
sau:
- Cng t trong i u kin khng vn hnh, khng bao b.
- Xung na hnh sin.
- Gia tc nh : l5gn ( l47m / s
2
).
- Thi gian xung : llms.
Sau khi th nghim, cng t khng c th hin bt k s h hi
no, bt k s thay i no ca cc thng tin ca n v phi lm vic
chYnh xc ph hp vi ti u chun ny.
5.2.3 Th nghim rung.
Th nghim phi c thc hin theo lEC 68 - 2 -6, trong cc iu
kin sau:
- Cng t trong i u kin khng vn hnh, khng c bao b.
- Phng php th nghim A.
- Dy tn s : l0 HZ ti l50 HZ.
- Tn s chuyn tip : 60 HZ.
- 60 HZ, bin khng i 0,035 mm.
- 60 HZ, gia tc khng i 4,9m / s
2
( 0,5 gn ).
- iu khin im n.
- S cc chu k qut theo trc : l0.
Ghi ch : l0 chu k qut 75 pht .
30
Sau khi th nghim, cng t khng c th hin bt k h hng
no, bt k thay i no v cc thng tin ca n v phi lm vic
chYnh xc, ph hp vi tiu chun ny.
5.2.4 Th nghim khng nhit v la.
Th nghim thc hin ph hp vi lEC 695 - 2 - l, vi cc nhit
sau:
- Tm bn u cc: 960 l5C, np cc u cc v hp: 600 C
l0C.
- Thi gian s dng: 30s ls.
Si gi y nng sng c th c t vo mt ch no , ca cc
phn t c th nghim. Nu tm bn cc hp nht vi cng t th
chp nhn ch th nghim trn tm bn u cc.
Sau khi th nghim , cng t khng c th hin bt k h hng
no.
5.2.5 Kim tra vic bo v chng xm nhp ca bi v nc.
Cc th nghim phi c thc hin theo lEC 529, trong cc iu
kin sau:
- Cng t c c nh vo mt vch nhn to hoc trong mt
tm bng nhn to thYch hp.
- Trong tr ng hp th hai, ch mt tr c ca cng t v phn gn
vo tm bng l c th nghim.
a) Bo v chng xm nhp bi:
- Cng t trong i u kin khng vn hnh.
- Vic th nghim cn c dn vi cc chiu di cp mu ( cc
u h ra c gn kYn ) ca cc loa c qui nh bi nh ch to.
- Cng mt p lc khY quyn c gi bn trong cng nh bn
ngoi ( khng c khim p hoc qu p lc ).
- Ch s c tr ng u: 5 ( lP5X ).
Lng bi c th xm nhp vo trong cng t khng c h hi vn
hnh cng t v bn i n mi ca cng t ( cch in ).
b) Bo v chng xm nhp nc:
- Cng t trong i u kin khng vn hnh.
- Ch s c tr ng th 2 : l ( lPXl ).
3l
Lng nc c th xm nhp vo trong cng t phi khng c lm
h hi n vic vn hnh ca cng t v bn in mi ca cng t
( bn cch i n ).
5.3 Cc th nghim v cc nh hng khY hu.
Sau mi cc th nghim khY hu, cng t phi khng th hin
bt k s h hng hoc thay i thng tin no v vn hnh chYnh
xc.
5.3.l Th nghim nng kh.
Th nghim c thc hin theo lEC 68 - 2 - 2, trong cc iu kin
sau:
- Cng t trong i u kin khng vn hnh.
- Nhit : + 55C 2C.
- Thi gian th nghim : 72 gi.
5.3.2 Th lnh.
Vic th nghim c thc hin theo lEC 68 - 2 - l, trong cc iu
kin sau:
- Cng t trong i u kin khng vn hnh.
- Nhit : -20C 3C.
- Thi gian th nghim 72 gi.
5.3.3 Th nghim chu k nng m.
Th nghim c thc hin theo lEC 68 -2- 30, trong cc iu kin
sau:
- Cc mch ph v i n p c ng in di in p qui chiu.
- Khng c bt k dng no trong cc mch dng.
- Bin th : l.
- Nhit phYa trn: + 40C 2C .
- Khngc cc phng ring cn thit sy m cc b mt.
- Thi gian th nghim: 6 chu k.
24 gi sau khi kt thc th nghim ny, cng t sl phi chu cc
th nghim sau:
a) Mt th nghim cch i n theo 5.4.6 nh ng vi i n p xung
nhn vi h s 0,8.
b) Mt th nghim chc nng. Cng t khng c th hin bt k
h hng hoc bt k cc thay i no v cc thng tin ca n v phi
lm vic chYnh xc. Th nghim nng m cng c gi tr nh th
32
nghim n mn. Kt qu c nh gi bng mt. Khng c trng
thy bt k vt n mn no c th nh hng xu n cc c tYnh
lm vic ca cng t .
5.4 Cc th nghim v yu cu in.
5.4.l Th nghim v tiu th in ca cc mch.
Vic tiu th trong cc mch in p v mch dng in phi c
xc nh cc gi tr qui chiu ( chun ) ca cc i l ng nh hng
cho trong 5.6.l, bng tt c cc phng php thYch hp. chYnh xc
tng phi tt hn 5.
i vi cc yu cu, xem 4.4.l.
5.4.2 Cc th nghim nh hng ca in p cung cp.
5.4.2.l Cc th nghim nh hng ca cc lm in p v cc
ngt in ngn.
Th nghim phi c thc hin trong cc iu kin sau:
- Cc mch in p v ph c cp i n di i n p qui chiu;
- Khng c bt k dng i n no trong cc mch dng.
- Cc ngt i n p v cc lm in p phi c t tun t vo
tng pha.
a) Cc ct in p Ul00.
- Thi gian ngt: l gi y.
- S ln ct: 3.
- Thi gian gi a hai ln ct : 50 ms.
Xem ph lc B, hnh B
l
.
b) Cc ngt in p Ul00.
- Thi gian cc ct : 20 gi y.
- S ln ct : l.
Xem ph lc B, hnh B
2
.
c) lm in p U50.
- Thi gian lm : l pht.
- S ln lm : l.
33
Xem ph lc hnh B, hnh B
3
.
Xem 4.4.2.2, i vi cc yu cu
5.4.3 Th nghim nh hng qu dng ngn hn.
Mch th nghim phi hon ton khng c cm ng.
Sau khi t tun t qu dng ngn hn vo tng pha vi in p
c duy tr cc u cc cng t , phi cng t ngh trong mt
thi gian n c th ly li nhit ban u vi mt hoc
nhiu mch i n p c cp i n ( khong mt gi ).
Xem 4.4.2.2, i vi cc yu cu.
5.4.4 Th nghim nh hng t pht sng.
Th nghim phi c thc hin nh sau: cng t , sau khi cc mch
in c ng in in p qui chiu trong vng Yt nht 2 gi,
cc mch dng khng c cp in, c a vo lm vic di dng cc
i . Sai s ca cng t phi c o di h s cng sut bng l, ngay
sau khi a vo lm vic v sau cc khong cch ngn
cho php vch c chYnh xc ng cong bin i sai s theo thi gian
.Th nghim c tin hnh Yt nht l gi, v trong bt k t nh hung
no, ti khi s bin i sai s trong 20 pht khng c vt qu 0,05.
Sau cng th nghim ny phi c tin hnh vi h s cng
sut 0,5 (chm sau)
S bin i sai s, c o nh ch dn trn, khng c vt qu
cc gi tr ch dn trong bng 8 (xem 4.4.4).
5.4.5 Sai s nh hng ca nng.
Mi mch dng ca cng t mang dng cc i v mi mch in
p (cng nh phn t ca cc mch ph c cung cp in trong cc chu
k thi gian ln hn thi gian ca hng s thi gian nhit ca chng)
u c cung cp in vi mt i n p bng l,l5 ln in p qui
chiu, tng nhit ca cc b mt bn ngoi ca hp cng t
khng c vt qu 25K, i vi mt nhit mi tr ng xung quanh
bng 40
0
C.
Th nghim phi ko di 2 gi v cng t khng c phi ra cc
dng khng khY hoc bc x mt tri trc tip.
Hn th na, sau khi th nghim, cng t khng c th hin
bt k h hng no v phi tho mn cc th nghim bn in mi
ca 5.4.6.
5.4.6 Th nghim cc c tYnh cch in.
5.4.6.l Cc iu kin th nghim chung.
Cc th nghim ch c tin hnh trn mt cng t hon chnh
vi np (tr cc tr ng hp c ch nh sau y) v np cc u
cc, cc vYt xit cc dy dn ang trong v trY t ng ng xit cht cc
34
dy dn c tit din ln nht chp nhn trong cc u cc. Th tc th
nghim ph hp vi lEC 60.
Tr c tin thc hin cc th nghim in p xung, sau th
nghim i n p xoay chiu.
Khi th nghim mu th th cc th nghim bn i n mi
c coi nh ch c gi tr i vi b trY cc u cc ca cng t
chu cc th nghim. Trong tr ng hp c mt b trY khc ca cc u
cc th tt c cc th nghim bn i n mi phi c thc hin li.
i vi cc th nghim ny th thut ng earth - t c
ngha nh sau:
a) Trong tr ng hp cng t c hp hon ton bng kim loi th
earth - t l bn thn hp cng t c t trn mt b mt kim
loi phng.
b) Trong tr ng hp cc cng t c hp hon ton bngvt liu cch
in hoc ch mt b phn cch in thi th earth - t l mt
tm mng dn bao bc cng t v c ni vo b mt dn phng trn
cng t c t. Khi np cc u cc cho php th tm
mng dn phi li mt khong cch nhiu nht l 2 cm xung quanh
cc u cc v xung quanh cc l qua ca cc dy dn.
i vi cc th nghim in p xung v in p xoay chiu th
cc mch m khng chu in p th u c ni vo t nh ch dn
sau y. Khng c bt k s phng in ph v hoc chc thng xy
ra.
Sau cc th nghim ny, th bin i sai s theo phn trm ca
cng t , cc i u kin qui chiu khng c ln hn s bt th ng ca
php o.
Trong tiu mc ny, thut ng all the termi nals - tt c cc u
cc ch nh tp hp cc u cc ca cc mch dng, cc mch n
p v nu c, c cc mch ph c i n p qui chiu ln hn 40 V.
Cc th nghm ny phi c tin hnh trong cc iu kin s
dng bnh th ng. Trong khi th nghim, th cht l ng cch in phi
khng b h hi bi s c mt khng bnh th ng ca bi hoc m t.
Tr phi c quy nh tri ng c, cc iu kin bnh th ng i vi
cc th nghim cch in l cc iu kin sau:
- Nhit mi tr ng xung quanh: l5C n 25C.
- m t ng i : 45 n 75.
- p lc khY quyn: 86 KPa n l06 KPa.

5.4.6.2 Th nghim in p xung.
35
Dng sng v c tYnh ca my pht phi c chn ph hp vi cc
yu cu ca lEC 285 - 4 ( E 4.l ) v gi tr nh ca n phi l 6KV. i
vi tng th nghim, i n p xung c t vo l0 ln vi mt cc tYnh
v sau c lp li vi cc tYnh khc. Thi gian ti thiu gi a hai
xung phi l 3s.
Ghi ch: i vi cc khu vc cc l i cung cp in trn khng
chim u th th c th yu cu mt gi tr nh in p th nghim
ln hn 6KV.
5.4.6.2.l Cc th nghim in p xung ca cc mch v gi a
cc mch.
Th nghim phi c thc hin c lp trn tng mch ( hoc
tp hp cc mch ) m trong vn hnh bnh th ng, c cch in vi
cc mch khc ca cng t . Cc u cc ca cc mch khng chu in
p xung th phi c ni t.
Nh vy, khi in p v dng ca mt phn t o c ni cng
nhau trong s dng bnh th ng th th nghim phi thc hin trn tp
hp ny. Trong tr ng hp ny th u kia ca mch i n p phi c
ni t, v in p xung phi t gi a u cc mch dng v t.
Khi c nhiu mch in p ca mt cng t c mt im chung, th
im chung ny phi c ni t v in p xung phi c t ln l -
t gi a tng cc u t do ca cc mi ni ( hoc mch dng c ni vi
n)v t.
Tri li, khi vn hnh bnh th ng th mch in p v mch dng
ca mt phn t o c tch ring v c cch i n mt cch thYch
hp ( vY d: mi mch c cung cp bng mt my bin p o l ng ),
th nghim phi c tin hnh ring rl trn tng mch.
Trong khi th nghim mt mch dng, th cc u cc ca cc
mch khc phi c ni t v in p xung phi t vo gi a mt
trong cc u cc ca mch dng v t. i vi th nghim mt mch
in p th cc u cc ca cc mch khc cng nh mt trong cc u
cc ca mch in p trong th nghim phi c ni t, v in p
xung phi t vo gi a u cc khc ca mch in p v t.
Cc mch ph dng ni hoc trc tip vo l i i n hoc vo
cng cc my bin i n p nh cc mch cng t v vi mt i n p qui
chiu trn 40V, th phi chu th nghim i n p xung trong cng cc
iu kin nh ch dn trn i vi cc mch i n p. Cc mch ph
khc c min tr th nghim ny.
36
5.4.6.2.2 Th nghi m in p xung cc mch in lin quan ti
t.
Tt c cc u cc ca cc mch i n ca cng t bao gm c
cc u cc ca cc mch ph c in p qui chiu ln hn 40V, phi
c ni vi nhau.
Cc mch ph c in p qui chiu thp hn hoc bng 40V phi
c ni vi t.
in p xung phi t gi a tt c cc mch in v t.
5.4.6.3 Cc th nghim in p xoay chiu.
Cc th nghim in p xoay chiu phi c thc hin theo bng
l3.
in p th nghim phi thc cht l hnh sin, tn s nm gi a
45 HZ v 65 HZ, v c t trong l pht. Cng sut ngun in
khng c nh hn 500 VA.
Trong khi thc hin cc th nghim vi t th cc mch ph c
in p qui chiu nh hn hoc bng 40V phi c ni t.

Bng l3 : Cc th nghim i n p xoay chiu.
Gi tr hiu
dng ca
in p th
nghim .

Cc im t in p th nghim.

2 KV
Cc th nghim c thc hin vi hp ng kYn v c y
np v cc np u cc .
a) Mt mt gi a cc mch dng v in p cng nh cc
mch ph c i n p qui chiu ln hn 40V c ni vi nhau
v, mt khc, t.
b) Gi a cc mch khng c nh c ni vi nhau trong
vn hnh.
5.5 Cc th nghim t ng thYch in t (EMC).
5.5.l Cc iu kin chung ca th nghim.
i vi tt c cc th nghim ny, th cng t phi t trong v
trY lm vic bnh th ng ca n vi np v cc np u cc c y
vo ch. Tt c cc b phn c d nh ni t phi c ni t.
Sau cc th nghim ny, cng t khng c th hin bt k h
hng no v phi vn hnh chYnh xc.
5.5.2 Th nghim min tr phng i n tnh in.
37
Th nghim phi c thc hin ph hp vi lEC 80l- 2, trong cc
iu kin sau :
- in p th nghim : l5 KV.
- S ln phng i n : l0.
a) Cng t trong iu kinvn hnh.
- Cc mch in p v ph c cp i n di i n p quy chiu.
- Khng c dng trong cc mch dng v cc u cc cc mch
dng c tch ra.
Vic p t cc phng in tnh in khng gy ra bt k
thay i trong b ghi qu 0,00lKh, cng khng pht ra bi trang b
th nghim, mt tYn hiu t ng ng qu 0,00lKh. Cc gi tr ny -
c da trn mt dng nh mc bng 5A v in p qui chiu bng
l00V ca cng t . Cc gi tr ny c da trn mt dng nh mc
khc th gi tr 0,00lKh phi c sa i mt cch ph hp.


b) Cng t trong iu kin khng vn hnh:
- Cc mch in p dng khng c cung cp in.
- Cc u cc ca cc mch in p ca tng pha c ni vi nhau
v cc u cc cc mch dng c tch ra.
Sau khi t cc tnh in phng i n, cng t khng c th
hin bt k h hi no cng nh khng c thay i thng tin ca phn t
ghi v ca cc b nh, v phi gi c cc c tYnh o ph hp vi ti u
chun ny.
5.5.3 Th nghim min tr cc tr ng in t HF.
Th nghim c thc hin ph hp vi lEC 80l- 3, trong cc iu
kin sau:
- Cc mch in p v ph c cp i n di i n p qui chiu;
- Dy tn s: t 27MHZ ti 500MHZ.
- Cng tr ng th nghim: l0 V / m.
a) Khng c dng no trong cc mch dng v cc u cc ca cc
mch dng c tch ra.
Vic t tr ng HF khng c gy ra bt k s thay i no
trong phn t ghi qu0,00lKh. Cc gi tr ny c da trn mt dng
nh mc bng 5A v in p quy chiu bng l00V ca cng t . i
38
vi cc i n p v dng in nh mc khc th gi tr 0,00lK phi
c sa i mt cch thYch hp .
b) Vi dng nh mc l
n
v h s cng sut bng l, i vi cc tn
s nhy cm trn cng t hoc cc tn s ca cc nh hng c tYnh
th s bin i sai s phi trong cc gii hn ca bng ll.
5.5.4 Th nghim phng in chp qu nhanh.
Th nghim phi thc hin ph hp vi lEC 80l- 4, trong cc iu
kin sau y:

- Cc mch in p v ph c cp i n di i n p qui chiu.
- Khng c mch no trong cc mch dng v cc u cc cc
mch dng c tch ra ( h ).
- Mc khc nghit ca th nghim: 3.
- in p th nghim trn ngun cung cp: 2KV.
- in p th nghim trn cc ng vo / ra ( l/S ) ca tYn hiu,
d liu v cc iu khin: l KV.
- Thi gian th nghim: ti thiu 60s
Cc im th nghim l cc im sau:
a) Gi a cc u cc ca tng mch bnh th ng c ni vo l i.
b) Gi a hai mch c lp no c mt in p quy chiu ln
hn 40V.
c) Gi a hai mi c lp c mt in p quy chiu ln hn 40V v
t.
Trong khi th nghim, cng t khng c th hin s thay i
ca phn t ghi qu0,00lKh. Cc gi tr ny c da trn mt dng
nh mc 5A v mt i n p qui chiu l00V ca cng t . i vi cc
in p v dng nh mc khc, gi tr 0,00l Kh phi c chuyn
i thYch hp.
5.5.5 o cc nhiu lon v tuyn in.
Th nghim nhiu lon v tuyn in phi c thc hin theo
ClSPR l4 iu 6, i vi cc tn s t 0,l5MHZ ti 30 MHZ v iu 7
i vi cc tn s t 30 MHZ ti 300 MHZ.
Cc gi tr thu c khng c vt qu cc gi tr gii hn cho
trong iu 4 v trong cc ph lcA v B ca ClSPR l4.
5.6 Cc th nghim v cc yu cu chYnh xc.
5.6.l Cc iu kin th nghim chung.
i vi cc th nghim v yu cu o l ng chYnh xc c xc
nh trong 4.6, cc i u kin th nghim sau y c tn trng:
39
a) Cng t c th nghim phi t trong hp, c y np tt
c cc b phn bnh th ng phi c ni t.
b) Tr c khi tin hnh bt k th nghim no th cc mch i n p
v ph phi c cp in trong thi gian cn thit t c n
nh nhit.
c) Ngoi ra i vi cng t nhiu pha.
- Th t cc pha phi l th t c ch trn s u ni.
- Cc in p v cc dng phi tht cn bng (xem bng l4).
Bng l4 - Cn bng cc in p v dng .
Bt k cc in p n hoc kp khng c
khc vi gi tr trung bnh cc i n p t ng
ng qu.
l
Bt k cc dng no trong cc dy dn khng
c khc vi gi tr trung bnh cc dng qu.
l
lch pha ca mi mt trong cc dng ny
vi in p u sao t ng ng, bt k h s
cng sut l bao nhiu, qu:

2
0


d) Cc i u kin qui chiu c quy nh trong bng l5.
i vi cc quy nh lin quan n cc trm th nghim, xem lEC
736.

Bng l5: Cc iu kin qui chiu ( chun ).

Cc i l ng nh h-
ng

Cc gi tr qui
chiu

Cc dung sai cho php
Nhit mi tr ng
xung quanh
Nhit qui chiu
hoc khng c ch
dn, 23C l)
2C
in p in p qui chiu
2)
l,0
Tn s Tn s qui chiu
3)
0,3
Dng sng Cc i n p v dng
hnh sin
H s mo di 2
Cm ng t gc bn
ngoi tn s qui
chiu

Cm ng t bng khng
4)
0,05mT
l) Nu cc th nghim c thc hin mt nhit khc vi nhit qui
chiu, bao gm cc sai s cho php, th cc kt qu phi c hiu chnh
40
bng cch p dng h s nhit thYch hp ca cc cng t .
2) Cc iu kin quy chiu i vi in p dng cho c mch o v cc
mch ph.
3) Cc iu kin quy chiu i vi tn s p dng cho c mch o v cc
mch ph( nu khng phi l dng mt chiu ).
4) iu kin cm ng t l cm ng t c o ti th nghim khng c
hin din ca cng t v cc mi ni ca cng t .
5.6.2 Th nghim cc i l ng nh hng.
Cn kim tra cc yu cu lin quan n cc i l ng nh hng, -
c xc nh trong 4.6.l v 4.6.2, l tha mn .
Cn thc hin th nghim vi s thay i do mt i l ng nh h-
ng mt cch c lp, cn tt c cc i l ng nh hng khc cc iu
kin qui chiu ca chng (xem bng l5 trn).
Cm ng t lin tc c th thu c bng cch s dng nam cm
in theo ph lc C, c np in bng dng mt chiu. T tr ng ny
phi c t vo tt c cc b mt c th tip cn c ca cng t
khi n c lp t trong v trY lm vic bnh th ng.Gi tr sc t
ng t vo phi t ti l000 ampe - vng.
Phi thu c cm ng t cn thit bng cch t cng t t m
cun dy trn c ng kYnh trung bnh lm, c cc tit din vung v
c dy xuyn t m nh so vi ng kYnh v c 400 ampe - vng.
5.6.3 Th nghim nhit mi tr ng xung quanh.
Cn kim tra cc yu cu lin quan n nh h ng ca nhit
mi tr ng xung quanh nh c qui nh trong 4.6.3, c tho mn
khng.
5.6.4 Th nghim chy khng ti.
i vi th nghim ny th mch dng phi h mch v phi
t vo cc mch in p, mt i n p bng ll5 in p c ch
nh.
Thi gian ti thiu th nghim phi l 20 ln l u hn thi gian
gi a 2 xung, khi ti khi u c t vo cng t .
Trong khi th nghim th trang b th cng t khng c pht
qu mt xung.
4l
5.6.5 Th nghim iu kin khi ng.
Cn kim tra xem cc yu cu lin quan n vic khi ng nh
qui nh trong 4.6.4.3 c tho mn khng.
5.6.6 Th nghim hng s ca cng t .
Cn kim tra xem quan h gi a thng tin c cung cp bi trang
b th nghim v ch s trn mn hin s c ph hp vi cc s liu trn
tm nhn khng.
5.6.7 Gii thYch cc kt qu th nghim.
Mt s kt qu o c th nm ngoi cc gii hn ch trong
cc bng 9 v l0, do cc bt th ng ca php o v cc thng s khc
c th nh hng n php o . Tuy nhi n, nu ch bng mt s dch
chuyn trc honh song song vi bn thn n, mt gi tr nh hn gi
tr c ch trong bng l6, cho php a tr li tt c cc kt qu o
nm trong cc gii hn c ch trong cc bng 9 v l0, th loi cng t
ny phi c xem nh chp nhn c.
Bng l6 : Gii thYch cc kt qu o.
Cp cng t
0,2S
0,5S
dch chuyn cho php ca trc cc trc
honh
0,l 0,2
?h =c @
(chun mc)
Quan h gi a nhit khng khY mi tr ng xung quanh
v m t ng i.
42
?h =c A0
(chun mc)
Dng sng in p i vi cc th nghim nh hng ca cc
lm in p v cc ngt in ngn
43
?h =c 10
(chun mc)
Nam chm in th nghim nh hng ca cc t tr ng
xut pht t bn ngoi
44
?h =c B0
( TYnh cht thng tin )
Chng tr nh th nghim.
Cc th t cc th nghim khuyn
ngh.
S Cc th nghim. in mc.
45

l
l.l
l.2

2
2.l
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
3
3.l
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
4
4.l
4.2
4.3
4.4
5
5.l
5.2
5.3
5.4
6
6.l
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
Cc th nghim cc c tYnh cch in.
Th nghim in p xung.
Th nghim in p xoay chiu.
Th nghim cc yu cu chYnh xc.
Th nghim hng s cng t .
Th nghim iu kin khi ng.
Th nghim iu kin khng ti.
Th nghim nh hng nhit mi tr ng xung
quanh.
Th nghim cc i l ng nh hng.
Th nghim cc yu cu v in.
Th nghim ti u th cng sut.
Th nghim nh hng ca in p cung cp.
Th nghim nh hng ca cc qu dng ngn hn
Th nghim nh hng t pht nng.
Th nghim nh hng pht nng.
Th nghim v t ng thYch in t (EMC).
o nhiu v tuyn .
Th nghim phng in chp qu nhanh.
Th nghim min tr cc tr ng in t HF.
Th nghim min tr cc phng in tnh in.
Th nghim v cc nh hng khY hu.
Th nghim nng kh.
Th nghim lnh.
Th nghim chu k nng m.
Th nghim bc x mt tri.
Th nghim v c.
Th nghim chu rung.
Th nghim chu va p.
Th nghim va p bng ba c l xo.
Th nghim bo v chng xm nhp bi v nc.
Th nghim khng nhit v la.

5.4.6
5.4.6.2
5.4.6.3
5.6
5.6.6
5.6.5
5.6.4
5.6.3
5.6.2
5.4
5.4.l
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
5.4.5
5.5
5.5.5
5.5.4
5.5.3
5.5.2
5.3
5.3.l
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.2
5.2.3
5.2.2
5.2.l
5.2.5
5.2.4
46
47