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TOC

1. Introduction

2. Tabulation of Technology Alternatives

2.1 General
2.2 Space and Logistics
2.2.1 Shop Configurations
2.2.2 Tank Layouts
2.3 Selected Process Mechanics
2.3.1 Tank Construction Materials
2.3.2 Tank Linings
2.3.3 Bath Purification
2.3.4 Ventilation
2.4 In-Process Waste Control
2.4.1 water Reduction Methods
2.4.1.1 Proper Rinse Tank Design and Operation
2.4.1.2 Water Conservation Through Countercurrent Rinsing
2.4.1.3 Water Conservation Through Reactive Rinsing
2.4.1.4 Using Reactive Rinsing To Save water and Conserve Chemicals
2.4.1.5 Improving Rinsing Efficiency Through Reactive Rinsing
2.4.1.6 Cost of Reactive Rinsing Applications
2.4.2 Waste Reduction Methods
2.4.2.1 Single Drag-out Tanks
2.4.2.2 Multiple Drag-out Tanks
2.4.2.3 High Technology Controls
2.5 End-of-Pipe Treatment

3. Process Recommendations
3.1 General
3.2 Space and Logistics
3.2.1 Low Production Shops
3.2.2 Moderate to High Production Shops
3.3 Process Mechanics
3.4 Pollution Control
3.4.1 Alkaline Cleaning
3.4.2 Acid Cleaning
3.4.3 Anodizing
3.4.4 Black Oxide
3.4.5 Cadmium Plating
3.4.6 Chromium Plating (Hard)
3.4.7 Copper Plating
3.4.8 Nickel Plating
3.4.9 Phospate Coating
3.4.10 Silver Plating
3.4.11 Zinc Plating
3.4.12 Zincate