Trigonometric Identities

Reciprocal Identities

csc
1
sin =

sin
1
csc =

sec
1
cos =

cos
1
sec =

cot
1
tan =

tan
1
cot =
Quotient Identities

tan
cos
sin
=

cot
sin
cos
=
Pythagorean Identities



2 2
2 2
2 2
csc cot 1
sec 1 tan
1 cos sin
= +
= +
= +
Cofunction Identities
) 90 cos( sin = ) 90 sin( cos =
) 90 cot( tan = ) 90 tan( cot =
) 90 csc( sec = ) 90 sec( csc =
Opposite Angle Identities
A A sin ) sin( =
) tan( ) tan(
) cos( ) cos(
A A
A A
=
=
Sum and Difference Identities
( )
( )
( )





tan tan 1
tan tan
tan
sin sin cos cos cos
sin cos cos sin sin

=
=
=
Double-Angle Identities

2
2
2
2 2
tan 1
tan 2
2 tan
sin 2 1 2 cos
1 cos 2 2 cos
sin cos 2 cos
cos sin 2 2 sin

=
=
=
=
=
alf-Angle Identities
1 cos ,
cos 1
cos 1
2
tan
2
cos 1
2
cos
2
cos 1
2
sin

+

=
+
=

Product-Sum Identities
( ) ( ) [ ]
( ) ( ) [ ]
( ) ( ) [ ]
( ) ( ) [ ]



+ + =
+ =
+ =
+ + =
cos cos
2
1
cos cos
cos cos
2
1
sin sin
sin sin
2
1
sin cos
sin sin
2
1
cos sin
Sum-Product Identities
2
sin
2
sin 2 cos cos
2
cos
2
cos 2 cos cos
2
sin
2
cos 2 sin sin
2
cos
2
sin 2 sin sin








+
=
+
= +
+
=
+
= +