Specifications

REPUBLIC OF IRAQ
GENERAL DIRECTORATE FOR WATER

BAGHDAD - IRAQ

VOLUME 1

GENERAL SPECIFICATION
FOR
ELECTRO MECHANICAL
AND
CIVIL WORKS
Volume 1 General Specification
Electro-Mechanical & Civil Works
2

Index to Clauses - Technical and Civil Works Specification Clauses
Clause No. Title Page
One Standard specifications 4
Two Clarifying tanks 7
Three Sludge pit and main sludge pipes 11
Four Alumina dosing apparatus 12
Five Chemical disinfection equipment 13
Six Filters 15
Seven Ground filtered water storage tanks 21
Eight Pumping set s 23
Nine Switch board and control panels 28
Ten Sub-stations 35
Eleven Power house 39
Twelve Cables 49
Thirteen Lighting 50
Fourteen Building works 53
Fifteen Environmental services 75
Sixteen Water services 85
Seventeen Steel E. T. S. With foundations 88
Eighteen Structures: Suction well, Suction and Intake 91
Nineteen Pipe work and fittings 95
Twenty Workshop building 115
Twenty One Overhead travelling cranes 116
Twenty - Two Water meters 117
Twenty - Three Sewage disposal system 118
Twenty- Four Corrosion protection and Painting 121
Twenty - Five Safety rules and regulations 12
Twenty- Six
Packing and protection during Transports
shipping and storage
129
Twenty -Seven Engineers house 131
Twenty Eight Operators house 132
Twenty - Nine Fencing with guard room 133
Thirty Roads and foot paths 134
Thirty - one General site development works 135
Thirty - two Surveillance and security system 136
Thirty - Three Spare parts 137
Thirty- four Tools 142
Thirty - Five Furnishings 144
Thirty -Six Water sample testing equipment 146
Thirty - Seven Operation and maintenance instruction 151
Thirty -Eight Plant operation and training of operators 152

3

Note:
The general conditions of tender, general conditions of contract,
general and civil works specification, technical specification with bill of
quantities and form of summary of tender shall form part of the tender
documents.

Technical and Civil Works Specification
To be observed in the execution of work comprised in the
construction of certain water work the subject of the contract.
4

CLAUSE ONE

STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

1.
A. Except when otherwise stated in the relevant clauses of
specification all materials and equipment used in the Plant shall in case be
inferior to those specified in British Standard Specification (BSS), when no
IOS (Iraqi Organization of Standards) or ISO (International Standard
Organization) specification is applicable (for all standard the last edition).
They shall pass the test mentioned in the relevant standard. All welded
steel elevated service tanks shall conform in general to the requirements
of the A.W.W.A.D-100. All electrical equipment shall be in accordance
with the latest IEC. All switchboards must be IP56. Any material or
equipment found to be inferior to that specified in the above mentioned
standard will be rejected.
All water retaining structures (clarifiers, ground storage tanks,
filters) should be designed without expansion joints in walls and
foundations
Reinforced concrete should be designed according to CP 8110 or
ACI 2002.
Retaining structures should be designed according to BS 8007.
All valves and gates inside the treatment plant shall be electrically
actuated with manual override except clarifiers and ground storage tanks.
The GDW (General Department of Water) shall have the right to
appoint an inspector to inspect and test the goods before shipment.
The Inspector is required to indicate in each of his certificates:
To which standard the inspected material and equipment comply
giving the name and number of the Standard.
That material and equipment inspected is in no way inferior to that
specified in the above mentioned standard

5

B - Standard design for treatment plants as shown below

Capacity of
H.L pumps
m
3
/hr
Capacity of
L.L pumps
m
3
/hr
No of filters
and area
m
2

No of
clarifiers
inside dia. of
flocculation
tank (m)
inside dia. of
sedimentation
Tank (m)
1. 400 420 4x20 2 7 20
2. 600 630 6x20 2 7 20
3. 800 840 8x20 2 10 26
4. 1000 1050 10x20 2 10 26
5. 1500 1575 8x40 2 12 34
6. 2000 2100 10x40 3 12 34
7. 3000 3150 16x40 3 14 38
8. 4000 4200 20x40 4 14 38
9. 6000 6300 30x40 6 14 38
10. 8000 8400 40x40 8 14 38
11. 10000 10500 40x50 10 14 38
12. 20000 21000 80x50 20 14 38

Note: The effective side depth of water in sedimentation tank shall be
4.0m

2. Materials and Workmanship
All plant and materials employed in the finished construction of the
works shall conform to the individual IOS or British Standard Specification
or approved equal of such plant and materials and of the current issue
where such Specification is in force. Where no IOS or British Standard
Specification is available, the best water supply practice should be
selected. Provided that in the use of all materials of local production they
shall be of the best quality.
All materials which in the judgment of the Engineer are of an
inferior quality or improper to be used in the works shall be removed by
and at the expense of the Contractor and likewise all inferior
workmanship and finish shall be amended to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.
6

3. Drawings to be Supplied
Drawings showing clearly the plant and appurtenances for the
complete installation included in t he Contract shall be submitted by the
Contractor. The drawings shall give all necessary leading dimensions
including the clearance between the pumps and the walls. On notice of
the acceptance of the Tender the Contractor shall submit, within six
months complete signed working drawing of the general arrangement of
all details of the complete plant apparatus and appurtenances and
elevated service tank for the full information and approval of opinion on
the part of the Engineer as; to the efficiency or strength of any part of the
plant and appurtenances or in any way reliving the Contractor from his
responsibilities and obligations under the Contract. Within two weeks after
notification of approval of the drawing the Contractor shall supply a
further four sets of complete drawing linen backed for use by the
representative of the Engineer on sites of works and for office record.
Literature, pamphlets of machineries with names and numbers of
different parts as well as chlorinators etc, and operation instruction
complete with linen backed drawings are to be supplied in triplicate by the
Contractor before starting the work. The price of supplying the drawings
shall be included in the total price of the Scheme.
During the period of maintenance, the Contractor shall supply to the
Engineer, record drawing to a scale approved by the Engineer showing
layout of the complete treatment plant and all details of the equipment,
writing, cables, pipelines etc. The record drawings shall furthermore show
all branches and connections left for future extensions. One ink tracing
and five paper prints are to be supplied for each such drawing with 2 (CD)
for final drawing.
Note: All mechanical & electrical drawing must be submitted before civil
drawings.
7

CLAUSE TWO

CLARIFYING TANKS
A- Circular Type
The clarification of the raw water shall primarily be undertaken in
single stage comprising flocculation and settlement. The tanks employed
in those operations shall be of Nos. indicated in Basic Data and shall be
constructed in vibrated reinforced concrete of 1:1:3 mixtures. All inside
surfaces shall be smoothly finished and the tanks must be watertight.
They shall be equipped with electrically driven (peripheral drive) revolving
sludge scrapers and provided with scum collecting channels with
discharge common with overflow. The drive shall be equipped with an
overload device to stop the drive meter when the overload becomes
excessive. The sludge shall be scraped into a central hopper from which it
shall be discharged to the river under the hydraulic head to be obtained in
the tanks through a common sludge main with tidal flap out falling 50m
downstream of the intake work when the highest water level in the source
permits that and with bypass arrangement to sludge pit if the highest
water level does not permit that the slope of the floor on which the sludge
is scraped shall not be less than 8%. The rim of the tank which forms the
track for the outer end of the scraper bridge shall be made to correct level
throughout and shall be plastered with wood polished concrete plaster.
However the scraper mechanism should be able to tolerate 0.1%
inaccuracy in the track level. Each scraper shall be provided with a single
rubber wheel. The wheels shall have high quality polyurethane or Duthene
tiers suitable for humid and hot climate and shall be set radially true. The
scraper bridge shall extend from the wall of the tank to a point beyond
the center pier to provide convenient access to the flocculators drive. The
bridge shall not be less than 0.7m in width and shall be surfaced with
chequer plate flooring of not less than 6mm in thickness. The bridge shall
have double rail hand railing to both sides, the rail being tubular 30mm
minimum outside diameter. Stanchions shall be of cast steel at not
greater than 1.6m centers and the finished height of the hand railing shall
not be less than 0.7m above the walkway. All steelwork shall be painted
in accordance with the specification (clause 24).
The tanks shall be additionally provided with a special arrangement
for continuous sludge bleeding. This shall be in the form of adjustable
overflow permitting continuous sludge withdrawal at a slow rate under
minimum hydrostatic head.
The diameter of the sludge outlet pipe from each clarifying tank
shall be as indicated in Basic Data and that of the common sludge main
shall be as indicated in Basic Data. There shall be an inspection chamber
at the outlet of the sludge pipe for each tank and shall be located in such
a way that the operator could inspect the sludge while operating the
8

sludge valve. The direction of discharge shall be parallel to the li ne of
motion of the river. An arrangement for flushing the sludge pipes from
the pumping main of the high lift shall be provided.
The diameter of the flushing pipe shall not be less than 200mm. The
main sludge pipe for the scheme shall be extended from clarifying tanks
and filters to sludge pit then to river. The inside diameter of each clarifier
shall be as indicated in Basic Data and inside diameter of each flocculator
also as indicated in Basic Data. The minimum side effective depth of
water in the clarifying tanks shall be 4m.
The tanks will normally be operated in parallel but shall be made
capable of being independently operated for the purpose of overhaul and
maintenance of the mechanical equipment and when the degree of
turbidity of the raw water so permits. The sludge pipes should be located
at a depth capable to empty each clarifier completely.
Consideration should be given to the manner of draw-off as locality
is subject to intense dust storms which will deposit a layer of impalpable
dust on the surface of the water and all care shall be taken to insure that
the settled water will be collected at equal rate from all the sides of the
tanks. The clarified water shall be collected at adjustable weir along the
periphery of the basin. The settled water from each clarifier shall be
connected with control chamber by ductile pipes with sluice valve.
The flash mixer(s) shall be constructed in a separate concrete
chamber each having a retention period of one minute pumping capacity
with shaft driven by electric motor. The shafts of the flocculation tanks
also shall be driven by electric motors. The motors driving the mechanical
equipment shall be of the totally enclosed weather proof squirrel cage
type and be suitable for operation at 400V, 3-phase, 50Hz with output for
continuous rating and shall conform to BSS 2613 with windings of Class F
tropical proof insulation and with limits of temperature rise of 10C less
than those permitted under the BSS. The motor shall be fully equipped in
accordance with the Regulations for the Electrical Equipment of Buildings
of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, England and shall be housed in
an approved manner in protection against inclement weather and the
effect of the direct rays of the sun. Where the power of the motors
exceeds 7.5KW Star / delta type starters shall be provided. The flash
mixers and the flocculators shall be of approved efficiency in their
respective performance of thorough pervasion of the chemical and
agglomeration of the flocculators. There should be a distribution chamber
of a volume as indicated in Basic Data to which the raw water pipes will
be connected. Then from this well the raw water will be distributed to
each flash mixer. The overflow of clarifying system should be constructed
at this structure a control chamber of a volume as indicated in Basic Data
to which settled water should be collected before going to the fitters
should be provided. The tanks shall be embanked with well compacted
good earth to a height of 0.9m below their upper periphery and sown with
9

suitable grass. The top of the embankment shall be 1.2m wide and the
side slope shah be 1:1 level with the top of the embankment, a reinforced
concrete 1 meter wide footpath around the tanks and attached to the tank
walls shall be provided to allow access for inspection and operation of the
tanks. Necessary valves shall be supplied for isolating each clarifier from
others during maintenance period.

B- Rectangular Type
The concrete tacks to be employed in the preliminary treatment of
the raw water shall be of the upward flow type, a flocculator shall be
incorporated in the tanks.
The retention period in the flocculation compartment shall not be
less than 20minutes, at a rate of full flow per hour and 1 - 2 hour in
each sedimentation tank. The tank shall be constructed with vibrated
reinforced cement concrete 1:1:3. The sludge shall be discharged to
river under the hydraulic head to be obtained in the tanks through a
sludge main with tidal flap valve out falling 20m downstream of the point
of intake of tile low l i f t pumps direction of the charge shall be parallel to
the line of motion of canal. The surface load in the tanks when both in
operation shall not be more than 1m
3
/m
2
/hr and the water depth in the
tanks shall not be less than 3.0m excluding sludge hopper space and the
freeboard which shall not be less than 50cm. The bottom of the tanks
shall be in a form at a paramedic hopper or hoppers at not less than 45
slopes with a sludge draw-off from the invert of each hopper. The tanks
shall be provided with scum collecting channels with discharge common
with the overflow and with gangways and with access ladders, the tanks
shall be provided with suction tanks for the high lift pumps of capacity not
less than 5m
3
. The dia. of sludge pipe for each tank shall be not less than
100mm, and the common sludge main shall be not less than 150mm.
To increase the surface area of these tanks we can use lamella
(inclined plate) which shall be rigid self supporting lift table steel from for
easy cleaning and maintenance.
The plates shall be i nsti l l ed in the upper half of the tank and
arrange 55 degree angle, the plates shall be arrange for easy removal
and washing with lifting device. The lamellas plates shall be used for
extension the treatment plant only with more filters added for these
purposes.
The flash mixing shall be done in separate cement concrete
chambers having a retention period of two minutes pumping capacity with
shaft driven by electrical motor. There shall be an inspection chamber at
the outlet of the sludge pipe for each tank shall be located in such a way
that the operation can inspect the sludge while operating the sludge
valve, the clarified water shall be draw off through perforated collecting
pipes or channels spaced 1.0m centers across the tank .
10

The diameter of the pipe connecting the flocculation tank and each
sedimentation tank shall not be less than 200mm.
The motors are used in the tanks they shall be of the totally
enclosed squirrel cage output for continuous rating and shall conform to
BSS 2613 with windings of class F Tropical proof insulation and with limits
of temperature rise of equipped in accordance with the (Regulations for
the Electrical Equipment of Buildings) of the institution of Electrical
Engineers, England and shall be housed in an approved manner in
protection against inclement weather and effect of the direct raves of the
sun. Where the power of the motor exceeds 18.5KW star / Delta type
starters shall be provided.
The flocculator shall be of proved efficiency in its performance of
through pervasion of the chemical and agglomeration of the flocs.
Due consideration shall be given to the effective depth of the tanks
the number of inlets and the manner of the draw off of the clarified water
in their bearing on the optimum operation of the tanks and moreover to
the consequence of the locally experienced intense dust storms which will
deposit a layer of impalpable dust on the surface of the water. The
Contractor shall include in his Tender for the professional fees for the
design of the complete tanks and documents with fully detailed drawing.

11

CLAUSE THREE

SLUDGE PIT AND MAIN SLUDGE PIPES

The wash water overflow and drain from al l parts of the plant shall
be discharged directly to the river by a common sludge pipe under the
hydraulic head to be obtained from the respective units and discharged to
the river. A sludge pit with sludge pumps for pumping the sludge to the
river shall be provided. A bypass from the sludge main to the pit shall be
provided with the necessary control valve for diverting the sludge to the
pit whenever it is necessary and vice versa. The pit shall be made of
reinforced concrete (1:1:3) and shall be of capacity as indicated in basic
Data the slope of the pit floor shall not be less than 25% towards the
suction pipes of the sludge pumps. All inside surface of the pit shall be
smoothly finished and the pit shall be provided with hand railing of not
less than 0.75m in height above ground level.
The sludge shall be pumped to the river by triplicate unshakeable,
self-priming pumps (one as stand by). The pumps shall be provided with
a level control to stop and start the pumps when the liquid level reaches
predetermined maximum and minimum levels in the pit, t he pumps shall
be positive head. The starters shall be fitted with suitable adjustable time
relay device so that there is no possibility of more than one motor starting
in the station at one time. The pumps control shall be arranged with
probe-type metal electrodes, which uses the liquid as an electrolyte to
complete the electrical circuit and operate a magnetic relay.
The pumps shall be housed in a suitable building which shall be built
in accordance with the pumps and filter house building. A monorail should
be provided to lift the pumps and accessories from the building for
maintenance purposes.
Note: Over flow pipe of the GST will be connected to the sludge pit
according to hydraulic head and the capacity of the sludge pumps shell be
calculated according to this note.
General details of the sludge pit and detailed specification of the sludge
pumps shall be submitted with the offer.
12

CLAUSE FOUR

ALUMINA DOSING APPARATUS

The raw water will be dosed with a solution of kibbled sulphate of
alumina in the process of the precipitation of the suspended matter and
for this purpose tanks complete with stirrers driven by electric motor, air
ejector, regulators and flow indicators shall be provided. The flow
indicators shall be calibrated in both liter/hr of solution and in mg/liter
(ppm) for 10% solution in accordance with the pumping rates.
The capacity of each tank shall be sufficient for 10% solution to
does the water with alum at a rate of 100ppm at a pumping rate of the
raw water of the scheme for 8 hours operation.
All surfaces of the apparatus and equipment in contact with the
sulphate of alumina solution shall be resistant to the corrosive attack by
this chemical using acid resistance tiles. The tanks must be ROBUST and
if made of concrete (RCC of 1:1:3 mixtures) provision shall be made in
the system of supply for the facility of removing any part for clewing in
the event of deposit building up. The solution shall be fed by dosing
pumps to each flash mixing chamber. The dosing pumps shall be
operated, started up and stopped under control of the raw water pumps.
An arrangement for flushing the pipe connecting the dozer to the
point of application shall be made from the service pipe iron the plant.
There shall be an electrical hoist with runway of 0.25 Ton capacity to lift
the kibbled sulphate to the solution tanks a platform not less than one
meter wide with handrails shall be provided in front of the tanks to
facilitate their operation and inspection. The drain pipe for this apparatus
shall be connected to the drain pipe for the Plant.
A 0.5 Ton platform weighing scale shall be provided for weighing
the alum before charging it in to the solution tanks.
Should the Contractor desire to tender for a dosing apparatus other
than the aforesaid type, it should be submitted and priced as an
alternative.

General design details of the apparatus must be submitted with
the offer.
13

CLAUSE FIVE

CHEMICAL DISINFECTION EQUIPMENT

The filtered water shal l be disinfected by chlorine and for this
purpose chlorinators shall be provided to dose the effluent of the filters
with chlorine. The No. and the dosing of each chlorinator shall be
according to Basic Data. All chlorinators shall be of pedestal cabinet
form and of the automatic type and suitable for injection feed. The
injection units shall be operated by pressure water obtained from the
ground storage tanks provided by means of three booster pumps (two as
stand by) which shall be for this purpose. An ivorine plate with dose chart
consistent with the High Lift pumping rates shall be fitted to the Panel of
each apparatus.
Automatic devices with indicating lights and gas pressure gauges
shall be supplied at site of waterworks for charging the flow of chlorine
gas for each set of drum (each set at least two drums) to the other when
one set of drum gets empty. The maximum limit of chlorine gas pressure
shall not be less than 200psi in addition shut-off valves and pressure
gauges shall be provided for manual change over when the automatic
device is out of order. The chlorine stores shall be provide with an electric
type hoist of 2tons capacity with two 2tons weighing scales with suitable
top monorail and cross girders with arms and hooks to lift the chlorine
drums and putting them in position. Suitable truncheons seating the
chlorine drums shall be provided and fixed to the floor of chlorine store.
The general arrangement of drums and the electric hoist in the chlorine
store shall be similar to that shown in the typical drawing in the Appendix.
One set of chlorine leak detection equipment shall be provided in each of
the chlorine room and the chlorine store and they shall be of the type that
gives a warning sound when the chlorine concentration in the atmosphere
becomes dangerous. The Contractor should submit with the tender all
details for these sets. Two 50cm Plastic axial fan ventilators to be located
in the chlorine room 1ft (30cm) above floor level under the window shall
be provided. They must be suitable for chlorine contact. A similar four
fans ventilator shall be provided for chlorine store. Four No. makes
suitable for protection against the chlorine gas each packed and a suitable
wooden box shall be provided. The walls and floor of chlorine room shall
be covered with acid resistance tiles and the same for the store except
the floor should have heavy paint of acid resistance. Two rubber suits
complete with breathing device and oxygen cylinder and all accessories
must be provided and four pairs of glove. A wall mounted chlorine fume
detector capable for determining in ai r concentrations to a sensitively of
0.1micro-liter/liter shall be provided and installed one in chlorine store
and one in chlorine room. It shall have alarm contact for operator at
14

5micro-liter/liter to bring up a warning light within the chemical attendant
room with repeat indication on the main water supply control panel. The
detector shall have a further set of heavy contact to operate at a level of
15micro-liter/liter.
At this level an audible alarm and warning light it in chemical
attendant room together with a repeat alarm indicating on the main water
supply control panel shall be initiated and operate the exhaust fans
automatically.
The contractor shall make allowance for all measures necessary to
prevent leakage of chlorine gas from pipe work connection between the
liquid chlorine gas.
These measures shall include:
1- A pictorial representation of the procedure for changing liquid
chlorine containers with written instructions where necessary in
Arabic and on plastic covered card mounted on a board fixed to the
inside wall of the chlorine store. All tools necessary for changing the
containers shall also be clipped to this board.
2- All necessary washers and couplings required when changing
containers sufficient for five years operation.
3- A water spray bar to provide a water curtain fixed externally over
the chlorine store and connected via solenoid operated valve direct
to the delivery main from pumping station. The solenoid valve shall
operate automatically at chlorine gas concentration within the
chlorine store of 15micro-liter/liter. This system must be provided
with manual starting from outside the room for emergency The
dosing location for the chlorinators shall be:
B. Inlet channel of G.S.T.
C. Outlet channel of G.S.T.
D. Each flash mixer.
The system shall be provided with necessary valves to choose the
required location.
Detailed drawing for the arrangement of the chlorine room,
chlorine store and the electric hoist complete with working
drawing shall be supplied together with installation instruction
and well covered operation and maintenance instruction in
accordance with clauses of this specification.

A Similar arrangement shall be provided for Boosting Station if required
according to Basic Data.
15

CLAUSE SIX

FILTERS

a) Rapid Gravity Filters
The filters shall be rapid sand gravity type comprised in a battery of
total effective filtering area in comport with a filtering rate of 5m
3
/m
2
/hr.
The No. of filters and the effective area of each filler shall be as shown in
Basic Data.
The filters are in the form of rectangular tanks and shall be constructed
from vibrated reinforced cement of 1:1:3 and shall be made perfectly
water-tight with fair faced internal surface.
The filter under drainage system should consist of a manifold made of
reinforced concrete or well protected steel and perforated pipe lateral
made of either copper or appropriate plastic material. The lateral end
should be supported by a concrete block with 7.5cm in height, allowing
the laterals to collect the filtered water from the gravel and also distribute
the wash water during the washing process, the cross sectional area of
the manifold should preferably be 2-3 times the total area of the laterals
in order to minimize friction losses and give the best distribution. The
perforations or orifices in the laterals should be directed downward with
150 either clockwise or anticlockwise from the vertical axis of the lateral.
The ratio of the final area of the perforations or orifices to the filter bed
area should be between 0.2% to 0.5%.
Each filter shall be cleaned by an upward wash waters in conjunction
with agitation by pressurized air and for this purpose a suitable rotary air
blowers complete with an air filter and a silencer, isolation valves, non
return valves, pressure gauges and air flow meters shall be provided. An
oil interceptor shall also be provided to make sure that no oil goes to the
filters. Air blowers shall be provided, to provide the necessary ai r to the
filters. The capacity of each blower shall be as indicated in Basic Data.
The units shall be containerized to lower the noise level to 20 db. The
common delivery pipe supplied with non return valve and relief valve also
each delivery pipe from the air blower shall be equipped with a sluice
valve. A bypass arrangement shall be provided with necessary valves for
emergency use between the sets,
The wash water shall be obtained from the storage tank below the
pumps the effective size of this tank shall be according to Basic Data or
from GST. The wash water pumps shall be mixed flow type, or horizontal
split case.
The bottom of the wash water troughs must be kept at least 5cm.
above of the surface of the expanded sand and the top edge of the
16

troughs shall not be more than 60cm above the top of the filter bed. The
top of the troughs shall be leveled, and the capacity of the troughs shall
be such that they will carry the maximum rate of wash water with a
minimum freeboard of 5 cm. Lateral travel to the wash water overflowing
into the troughs should be between 1.0m to 1.5m (i.e. the clear distance
between troughs is hold to be between 2m to 3m), the troughs should
discharge into a gullet, the capacity of the gullet be such that it will carry
the maximum coming water from the troughs.
The filtering material shall be clean silica sand acid washed, there
should be no reaction where the sample of the filter medium is placed in
diluted hydrochloric acid and when immersed in concentrated hydrochloric
acid, the sand shall not lose more than 2% of its weight.
The sand shall be compounded pure quartz sand having a depth of not
less than 70cm, having an effective size from 0.60mm to 0.650mm and
with a uniformity coefficient of not greater than 1.5. A sample of the sand
and its size distribution shall be submitted for approval before being used.
The gravel supporting the sand should be hard, rounded and durable, be
free from flat, thin or long pieces and containing no loam, sand, clay,
shells or other foreign materials, grading and layer thickness shall be
approximately as follows:

Gravel size Depth
50 to 38 mm 10 cm
38 to 13 mm 10 cm
13 to 9.5 mm 10 cm
9.5 to 6.5 mm 15 cm
6.5 to 2,5 mm 15 cm

17

Testing procedure for filter media 0.6mm to 0.6mm filter sand
particle sizing by sieve analysis

1) Sieves: 200mm diameter test sieves to BS 410 sieve size
Metric ASTM BS
1.4 14 12

1.18 16 14
1.00 18 16
0.85 20 18
0.71 25 22
0.60 30 25
0.50 35 30
0.425 40 36
PAN PAN PAN
2) Sample Charge: Obtain a representative sample of the media
through suitable sub-division. The sample weight should be
minimum 200g maximum 500g. Sample should be dry or free
flowing.
3) Sieving: Selected sieve stack should be placed on suitable sieving
machine and vibrated for 5min after introducing selected
representative sample into top sieve.
4) Results: The particles retained on each sieve should be accurately
weighed and tabulated to produce a cumulative weight retained on
each sieve. Cumulative percentage retained should then be
calculated for each sieve and resultant percentage plotted against
sieve sizes to produce a graph curve for the media. The effective
size should then be obtained from the plotted graph and uniformity
coefficient calculated.
5) Effective Size: Particle size for 90% retained.
6) Uniformity Coefficient: Particle size for 40% retained divided by
particle size for 90% retained to conform to contract specification
the effective size should lie between 0.6mm and 0.65mm and the
uniformity coefficient should be less than 1.5.

18

ACID SOLUBILITY
1) Sample weigh: Obtain a representative sample of the media
through suitable sub-division. The sample weight should be
minimum 100g after rinsing with distilled water.
2) Testing: The rinsed representative sample should be placed in
contact with 10% V/V hydrochloric acid at room temperature for 24
hours. Any initial effervescence and color of the supernatant liquor
at the end of the test should be noted. After 24 hours the sample
should be washed in distilled water, dried at 105C maximum and
re weighed.
3) Results: Loss in weight of the sample should be calculated and
tabulated as a percentage figure to conform to the contract
specification the loss in weight should be less than 5% V/V.

ORGANIC CONTENT
Minimum sample weight 5g loss in weight on ignition at 350C for
1hr should be less than 5% w/w. The depth of water on the surface of the
sand shall be not less than 1.50m. The elevation of water on the filter
shall be at least 3.00m higher than the minimum water level in the clear
well. The water level in the filter must be below the filter operating floor.
Provision must be made for draining the filtered water to waste, the drain
valve may be a hand operated valve, and need not be controlled from an
operating platform. All other valves shall be electrically operated from a
steel controlling desk of attractive appearance to be installed next to each
filter.
The desk shall comprise:
1) Head -lose gauge with warning light indicator, indicating when the
filter ought to be washed.
2) Rate of flow indicator.
3) Control tight indicating the state of filter (filtering, washing, stop).
4) All push buttons to operate the filter valves, with indicating light.
5) Switches to start and stop the air blowers and washing filter pump
from G.S.T. with light indicating their position (ON & OFF).
6) Push button for all lamp testing.
The waning light shall operate at a predetermined loss of head
between 1.2m to 1.8m at which the filter should be washed. The inlet to
the filters shall be arranged in such a way as to ensure equal distribution
of settled water between the filters. A control of filtered water rate by a
weir shall be incorporated in the outlet of each filler to ensure a minimum
of 10cm depth of water above the sand bed and a maximum of 1.5m. In
this way the filtration rate will only depend on the amount of settled water
19

coming to the fi l ters. When submitting his offer the Contractor shall give
full details of the fillers control arrangement to ensure this. The diameter
of each pipe connecting the sedimentation tanks and filters should be as
indicated in Basic Data and the diameter of common wash water outlet
should be connected to the sludge pit. Overflows shall be provided in the
inlet channel of the filters.
All care shall be taken that the pipe arrangement shall be easy to
install, maintain and operate.
The entire area of the filters shall be covered by a superstructure, with
sufficient headroom not less than 3.5m to permit inspection and operation
for filter beds.
The minimum depth of a filters bed shall not be less than 3m. A curb
must be provided around the filter to prevent floor wash from entering.
Filter effluent pipes in the clear well should be trapped to prevent air from
entering the bottoms of the filters, the wash water from the filter shall be
discharged to sludge pit.
Should the Contractor desire to tender for filters arrangement other
than the aforesaid arrangement it should be submitted and priced as an
alternative. After the maintenance period the loss of depth of the sand
must not exceed 3.5cm and the contractor shall supply the required lost
quantity. If the loss exceed 15cm all the sand must be replaced be new
sand on Contractors account.

b) Pressure Filters (for each unit)
The settled water shall be pumped from (Intermediate Tank) to ground
storage tank pressure filters (Horizontal types), each filter shall be in 20ft
(6m) container. Each filter shall have the following requirements:
1. Wall thickness not less than 10 mm
2. Dished ends not less than 12mm
3. Nozzle floor not less than 16mm
4. Number of nozzles shall not be less than 500 No. per filter
5. Rate of filtration when all filters working shall not be more than (6-
8) m
3
/m
2
/hr
6. Filter media shall be provided for each filter with spare filter media
for complete one filter in suitable sacks 50kg, the sand shall be pure
quartz sand having depth less than 60cm, having an effective size
of from 0.60 to 0.65 and having a uniformity coefficient of not
greater than 1-5 and gravel will be
9.5 - 13 10 cm
9.5 - 6.5 10 cm
6.5 - 2.5 10 cm
20

7. Back washing of filters as follows:
a) Air for agitation using duplicated air blower (1+1 capacity
each 600 m
3
/hr.
b) Water (through other filters and air).
c) Water (through other filters only arrangement) for automatic
operation and manual operation for back wash sequence.
8. Differential pressure gauge with warning light (sound and light) for
filter back wash shall be provided in main control panel.
9. Each filter shall be supplied with two inspection manhole at the top
and one at the bottom.
10. Air relief valve of 2 inch diameter the filter shall be seated on
reinforced concrete saddles of 1:2:4 mixture and surrounded with a
strip around roofing or other suitable semi-plastic material where
they pass through the walls of the filter corridor.
21

CLAUSE SEVEN

GROUND FILTER WATER STORAGE TANKS

The ground filter water storage tanks shall be constructed in
vibrated reinforced cement concrete of 1:1:3 mixture and the tanks
shall be made perfectly water-tight with smooth internal surfaces. The
capacity of the tank shall be as indicated in Basic Data excluding
freeboard inlet and outlet channels. The water depth in the tank shall be
as indicated in Basic Data and the tank shall be divided into two or four
equal separate cells or compartments according to Basic Data for
independent operation. The tank shall be covered with reinforced concrete
(1:2:4) roof and shall have over flow washout, manholes ventilators etc.
with necessary valves, One 100mm dia. ventilator shall be provided for
every 100m
2
of roof area or equivalent. The ventilators shall be provided
with outer ends fitted with removable weir wool strainers or other suitable
device for the purpose of arresting the entry of dust in the normal
breathing of the tanks at times of prevailing dust storms. In order to
avoid stagnation, horizontal circulation of water (by means of partitions)
shall be arranged. Filter water from the rapid gravity filters shall flow into
each cell or compartment of the tank and suction pipes of the high lift
pumps shall be connected to suction compartment. The max water level
of the tanks shall be not more than the level of reformed ground level at
site of water work. After testing the tanks shall be embanked with good
earth of 60cm thickness with side slopes (1:1) and sown with suitable
grass. There shall be indicators in the pump and filter house building to
show the water levels in each cel l or compartment of the tank. Max water
level at the tank shall at least 2.5m lower than Max water level at filters.
There shall be movable pumping arrangement to pump out to
sludge pit impure water from the tank if the tank cannot be dewatered
completely. The invert of the suction such compartments of the tank to
which the suction pipes of the high lift pumps shall be connected shall not
be less than 1.5m below the invert of the tank. The over flow pipe should
be extended to the river. Drain pipe shall be provided for each cell or
compartment and the common sludge pipe shall be connected to the
overflow pipe or sludge pit. An arrangement shall be provided to prevent
any backflow of sludge to the tank. The tank must be separate from pump
filter house building. An arrangement for removing any foot valve and
strainer without having to empty the tank and stopping the plant shall be
provided. One monorail above the suction compartment shall be provided
for lifting strainers fitting from the tank.
The contractor shall supply and install level transmitter in each
compartment of the tank and digital type recorded and indicator shall be
installed in instrument panel.
22

A bypass arrangement shall be provided between the inlet
compartment to the tanks and suction compartment of the pumps using a
ductile iron pipe with valve to bypass the tank if the tank is four cell or
more. Float valve with electrical butterfly valve shall be installed in the
inlet pipe of GST of Boosting Station. Overflow system for GSTs in
Boosting Station should be according to Basic Data.
23

CLAUSE EIGHT

PUMPING SETS

A) Horizontal Split Case Pumps
The pumps shall be of the single or double entry Horizontal split
case type positive suction and of a speed not exceeding 1500rpm when
performing their normal duty at maximum efficiency and shall each be
driven through a flexible coupling by AC motor. The impellers of the
pumps shall be of bronze for High Lift Pump and stainless steel material
for Low Lift Pump with passages finished to a perfectly smooth and true
surface and shall be keyed to stainless steel shafts and be in static and
dynamic balance. They shall be fitted with renewable eye rings neck
bushes and shaft sleeves and all internal bushes secured.
The glands shall be provided with split bronze lantern rings and
filtered water lubricated with sealing device to preclude the admission of
air. The pump house floor shall be kept dry by fitting small diameter (not
less than 20mm) drain pipes from the gland of each pump to discharge to
waste. All ball or roller or grease lubricated bearings shall be arranged for
grease gun lubrication and 2 No. suitable grease guns provided. A
pressure and pressure vacuum gauge of Bourdon type, priming funnel
cock and air cock shall be fitted to each pump. The pressure gauge shall
be calibrated in meter head of water and Kg/cm2. Sluice valves with hand
wheels shall be non return valves with bypasses. The sluice valves on the
suction branches shall be water sealed in preclusion of air being drawn in
during pumping operation. The non return valve shall be installed
between the pump and the delivery sluice valve so that it can be isolated
for cleaning when necessary. The sluice valve should preferably be
installed with their spindle vertical. The sluice valves, non return valves
and pressure gauges shall be of the best quality and from reputable
manufacturer, where tapers are employed in the connections of the
pumps to the suction main they shall be of the flat topped type with the
flat surface on the upper side. All care shall be taken that the pumping
arrangement for the pumps shall be easy to install, maintain and operate.
All fitting used in the piping arrangement shall be standard fittings. All
pipe work within the building shall be supported on fair faced concrete
stools or on wall brackets, maximum spacing for supports is 1.8m on
horizontal runs and 3.0m on vertical runs. Each of the high lift pumps
shall have a separate suction from the clear water storage tank. The
motors driving the pump shall be suitable for operation at 400V, 3-phase
50Hz up to 500KW, 11KV for larger motors with output continuous rating
and shall be of the squirrel cage induction protection IP55 minimum type
with fan cooling and shall conform to BSS 2613/1971 with windings of
24

class F tropical insulation and with limits of temperatures rise of 10C less
than those permitted under this specification. They shall be fully equipped
in accordance with the Regulations for Electrical Equipment of Buildings of
the Institution of Electrical Engineers, England. They shall be able to work
under voltage variation of 5% occasionally, under 10% during short
periods, without developing damageable heat rating of No for must be
operate (55C).
Air break automatic starter with push button ON/OFF with under
voltage overload relay (MCCB) molded case circuit breaker shall be
provided with each motor. The starting equipment shall be of the star
delta starter. The starter shall be located at the side of each pump if the
starter located in the upper floor a local ON/OFF must be provided near
each pump.
A monitoring ammeter shall be installed on the starter such that the
operator can watch the rise of motor current while loading. The couplings
between the motors and pumps shall be of the flexible rubber bush and
steel pin type and shall be turned to ensure perfect balance and bored to
the shaft gauge and securely keyed and fitted to the shaft. Each unit shall
be mounted on a common base plate of substantial casting with machined
surfaces for the feet of the pump and motor and with planed underside
and shall be erected on fair faced concrete foundation. The pumps
motors, starters and their accessories shall be of the best quality of
reputable manufacturer. The characteristics of the pumps shall be stable.
The horse power of the motors shall be such as will provide a margin of
10% over and above the required in their stated parallel operation. The
overall efficiency of the pumping units shall be guaranteed not less than
70%.
Each pumping unit shall be provided with the following protections:
Protection against uprising and priming and dry running.
Protection against mono phase driving.
Protection against stator healing.
Protection against bearing excess heating.

Three sets of characteristic curves for each set of pumps shall be
provided for office record and three sets of complete instruction for
operation and maintenance of the plant shall be supplied. A complete set
of wiring diagram for all electrical equipment shall be provided on suitable
and durable material and fixed to the wall of the motor room for easy
reference. The floor shall be sloped (about 1 in 100 minimum) towards a
sump from which the drainage should be pumped by twin electric pump
which shall be provided for this purpose to waste for alternative
operation. The floor of all pumps pits shall be covered with suitable best
quality tiles. Walkways shall be provided for all pumps pit in order that all
25

the windows could be open.

b) Mixed Flow Pumps
Mixed flow pumps shall be close coupled vertical suspended pumps.
The pump and drive unit shall be close coupled and mounted in correct
alignment. The casing shall be split at the suction flange to permit
withdrawal of impeller after dismantling of suction pipe work. The material
of the casing shall be close grained cast iron minimum Grade 260 to BS
1452 free from blowholes and other defects. Lifting rings shall be
provided on the pump and drive unit casing to permit lifting of complete
pump unit including bed plate.
The impellers shall be stainless steel. The shaft shall be
manufactured from high tensile steel minimum with renewable phosphor
bronze or stainless steel sleeves of large bearing surface where the shaft
passes through the seal housing.
The shaft bearing and seals should be oil water lubricated type or
dry type. The motor specifications shall be according to horizontal split
case pumps but vertically mounted.

C) Submersible Pumps General Description
The pump and electric motor drive shall be directly coupled and
shall form a single vertical unit freestanding within the sump on a
combined base and suction strainer.

Materials of Construction
Materials of construction shall be as follows:
Pump casing and stator housing close grained cast iron free from
blowholes and other defects. Renewable phosphor bronze case wear ring
shall be fitted at both suction and delivery. A separate oil filled casing
shall be provided between the pump and motor casing to lubricate and
tool the seals. A strainer shall be provided at the base of the unit.
All connecting bolts and nuts shall be of stainless steel. Impeller
stainless steel, non clocking type machined to a smooth and accurate
profile to discourage aversion of fibrous matter and provide for passage of
solids. The impeller and shaft assembly shall be statically and dynamically
balanced as a whole unit.
Shaft: Stainless steel renewable sleeves of large bearing surface
where the shaft passes through the seal housing.
Bearing: A heavy duty tapered roller bearing and a heavy duty ball
bearing shall be provided.
26

Seals: Shaft seals shall be of the mechanical type with tungsten
carbide interfaces and of well proven design and backed by a lip seat.
A separate oil filling casing shall be provided between the pump and
stator casing to lubricate and cool the seals. An oil reservoir level
indicator shall be provided at a convenient level above the pumps. The
seal housing shall be provided with a plug to enable checking of the oil
level and condition to be carried out, motor work at 400V, 3 phase, 50Hz,
IP68, class F insulation.

Accessories and Fittings
The following accessories and fittings shall be provided:
Reflux valve and wedge gate valve on delivery main, level
electrodes for stop, start and emergency low level alarm, holder for level
electrodes suitable for wall mounting complete with intermediate
supports.
Cables for power required (Dol or Y/D) with control cables for float
switch.

D) Sludge Pumps
End suction centrifugal pumps with non-clocking stainless steel
impeller, rpm not exceeding 1000rpm, the pump and motor must be
designed to handle heavy slurry suspended materials.
Other specifications are as for horizontal split casing.

E) GENERAL
1- Cooling of Motors
The cooling of all motors exceeding 500KW shall be either by means
of pipe ventilation with dueled discharge of warm air to the exterior of the
building and with efficient air fillers on the inlet apparatus to prevent
airborne dust entering the enclosure, or alternatively by a closed air
circuit and water cooled system including all necessary external
ventilating and ducting. A thermometer shall be fitted to indicate the
bearings temperature and a visual indicator shall be fitted in the cooling
circuit to show that the fluid is flowing. A temperature sensor shall be
fitted to operate an alarm on the station alarm panel if bearing should get
over heated. Temperature sensors embedded in the motor windings shall
also be indicated to stop motor and to give alarm indication if the
windings are too hot (for all motors). All valves inside the plant shall be
electrically operated with indicator.

27

2- Characteristic Curves and Performances
Characteristic curve of the pumps shall be submitted with the
Tender including curves of total head capacities BHP at coupling and
overall efficiencies. The efficiencies of the low lift pump units should cover
the range of static lift or head between the lowest low water, and highest
high water at the source of supply.
The performance of the pumping units as specified when operating
at the imposed head comprised in their sequence of operation shall be
submitted in the following form:

PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS AT WORKS PUMPING STATION
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Static
head in
m.
Total
imposed
head in m.
on pump
Discharge in
m
3
per
minute
Water Horse
Power as
calculated
from columns
1 & 3
W.H.P. as
calculated
from columns
2 & 3
B.H.P. at
pump
coupling
% Pump
efficiency
W.H.P X 100
B.H.P.

A further triplicate copies of the characteristics curves of all pumps
included in the plant should be submitted for record before handling over
the plant.
28

CLAUSE NINE

SWITCHBOARD AND CONTROL PANELS

The main switchboard to be mounted in special room next to the
pump house building shall be of cubical type and shall comprehend the
required No. of panels. An electric clock with 300mm diameter suitable for
operation at 1.5VDC (dry battery) shall be mounted in the center panel.
The equipment of the panel shall comprise:
Main Switchboard
Two incoming supply main each contains:
1. One No. air circuit breaker motorized type draw out type with
thermal overload, magnetic short circuit and earth leakage
protection and single phasing protection for incoming power and
adjustable for 25% each rated 1.25 full load of the plant with
capacity (1.5) times of rated current and breaking capacity 70KA
and above.
2. Three No. Ampere meter for - ditto- 144mm diameter
3. One No. Voltmeter 0-500V with six position selector switch and
protection fuse. KWH meter with 3 current transformers suitable for
unbalanced load.
4. One No. CB on each side parallel to each incomer for supply from
the diesel generator with mechanical find electrical interlocking
system.
5. One No. 3-phase auto CB with full protection for lighting supply
connected before the main CB.
6. Phase sequence meter and 3 No. indicating lamps (one per phase).
7. Lamps testing push button.

BUS - Coupler
1. One No. automatic air circuit breaker draw out type with thermal
and magnetic protection as bus - coupler.
2. Bus coupler indicator ON/OFF defect (Red/Green/Amber) neon
lamps.

29

Motor - Distribution Section
1. One No. Ammeter for each motor 144mm diameter
2. One No. Working hour meter for each motor
3. One No. automatic air circuit breaker with full protection feature
with draw able type for each motor
4. Read/Green/Amber pilot lamps to indicate On/Off/Defect positions of
each motor circuit.

Auxiliaries
1. One No. ammeter for each auxiliary unit including filter load center
flocculators load centers, chemical building, workshop,
administration building, houses load center other small distribution
boards.
2. One No. air circuit breaker with full protection features for each unit
as per item (1) above with indicating lamps.
3. Two No. air circuit breaker each rated 100A, 3 phase, fixed on the
side of the panel.

The panels shall be of attractive appearance and complete in every
respect. The frame shall be efficiently earthed and rubber mats provided
there to with 10 pairs of rubber gloves for each station. The Board shall
be protected according to IP56. The inside of the panel shall be supplied
with anti-condensation heater as well as 24 VDC lighting fitting with the
required battery and battery charge.

NOTES
1. If the L.L. is separate site a separate board should be provided as
above with a power building.
2. Similar board should be provided for each Boosting Station (if any).
3. Standby supply for schemes with more than 2 Transformers will be
connected on the 11KV side.

Chemical Load Center
The Contractor shall supply, install and test a complete load center
in the chemical building to feed al l the mixers, dosing pumps, lighting,
hoist and crane comprising of:

30

Panel No .1
1. One No. 3-phase automatic air circuit breaker with overload earth
fault and single phase protection.
2. Three No. ammeters 144mm dia.
3. One No. voltmeter 144mm with selector switch.

PANEL No. 2 and No. 3
1. One No. automatic Star/Delta (for motors larger than 18.5 KW) or
direct on line start (for motors less than 18.5 KW) swing out type
backed up overload contractor and fuses, with ON/OFF switch
interlocked with the cover. The front cover contain (Name and
Number) of the motor (in Arabic) indicating lights for ON/OFF/FALLT
state of each motor. One No. ammeter 75mm with
START/STOP/REST push buttons.
2. One No. automatic ci rcui t breaker 3 phase for lighting.
3. One No. A.C.B, 3 phase 30A spare.
4. Two Nos. earthing point connected to the a.m. center load with the
required cabling.
5. One No. A.C.B. 3 phase for laboratory.

Administration & Filter Centers
Same as (above) to cover the supply to all control valves as well as
lighting and heating and cooling of the administration and filter centers,
air blower, wash water pumps, houses, guard room, workshop will be fed
from administration building center. In case the filters building is
separated from the administration building, each building will have its
own load center and the filter building load center will be similar to the
main switchboard in general features.

Control Panel
Instrument Panel
This panel will be floor mounted and contain the following instruments:
1. Red warning light for each filter.
2. Water level indicator for each compartment of G.S.T with audio
warning for low depth and over flow in the treatment plant.
3. Digital recorder with indicator and integrator to water meter
specified in clause (22) Water Meter.
4. Filter wash water recorder and indicator with integrator to water
31

meter.
5. Water pressure indicator and chlorine residual indicator for each
rising main.
6. Direct reading pH meters for raw and filtered water. No display
instrument or light shall be installed less than one meter above floor
level.

Control Desk
The control desk shal l be constructed of 2.5mm thick sheet steel,
with structural frame primed and suitably indicated and fully accessible
and finished in suitable color, all control compartments installed in the
cabinet shall be factory prewired. Terminal blocks shall be provided for
simple connection to remotely located equipment and sensors.
All switches, push buttons, control lights, recorders, totalizer and
meters, gauges and indicators shall be located on the desk face, mounted
flush with the surface. The operation and malfunction indicating lights
diode shall be incorporated into the complete flow diagram or ounliti color
plastic on the desk. The desk layout and flow diagram shall be subject to
approval prior to construction (2x3m).

The following components shall be included in the cabinet:
1) Alarm System
a. The system No. 1 shall be powered by AC supply and initiated
by failure of equipment with AC powered control system high
and low level etc. as follows :
- Pressure vessels - High water level - low water level.
- Duty main pump failure.
- Standby main pump running.
- Duty low demand pumps failure.
- Standby low demand pumps running.
- Duty air compressors failure.
- Standby air compressor running.
- Pump well flooded.
- Pump reflux valves jammed.
- Reservoir high water level.
- Reservoir low water level.
- Chlorine residual high.
32

- Chlorine residual low.
- Duty chlorinator failure.
- Standby chlorinator operating.
- Duty booster pumps failure.
- Standby booster pumps running.
- Chlorine lock alarm.
- Chlorine leak alarm.
- ph high.
- ph low.
b. Alarm system No. 2 shall be powered by DC supplied from
heavy duty batteries and shall be initiated by failure
associated with diesel driven standby generator and maim
supply. The Contractor shall detail the alarm indication
considered necessary for diesel engine and the associated
alternator, but they shall include:
- Alternator protection trip.
- Alternator air temperature high.
- Diesel lubricating oil pressure low,
- Diesel generator running.
- Diesel generator trip.

The audible alarm shall sound for five minutes and provision shall be
included for automatic re-setting.
The visual alarms shall operate continuously until canceled manually.
2) Ammeter for each low lift, high lift, back wash water and air
blowers.
3) Any additional operating information that may be necessary for
plant operation and maintenance which is characteristic of the
pumping and water treatment plant.
4) 300 mm dia. quartz clock operated from 1.5 volts DC supply.
5) Call system with the required desk type microphone and suitably
distributed loud speakers in the low lift, clarifier, high lift, filters,
administration building, chemical building, guard room, engineers
house, operators houses and workshop.
6) Digital camera for each building as well as the purification system
with monitor in control room

33

NOTE: 1A and 1B may be combined in one control panel, and this panel
must be located in control room, in high lift pump, the contractor will be
responsible for furnishing the control room, and supply it with air
condition unit.

The Contractor shall supply and install wireless system with UPS
power supply units (DC & AC) in the control panel for transmitting speech
signals between Treatment Plant & all ESTs and the Directorate of water.
Water level indicators for each G.S.T. outside the treatment plant
with full scale deflection with min and max audio alarm must be
transmitted by means of multi core armored cabl e laid in suitable PVC
conduits along the pumping mains, also for the use for communication
plus 3-spare pairs.
Spare parts for five years and all necessary test and maintenance
tools, fault location equipments, 500m of cable and different types of joint
boxes and compounds should be supplied with the offer.

Telephone System
The telephone installation shall be the type generally known as the
"Private Automatic Branch Exchange" (PABX) with facilities for initiating
the receiving external as well as internal calls at all instruments. All
internal calls shall capable of being dialed directly and shall be
independent of the operator. The switch board shall be capable of
accommodating all extension mentioned below, it shall be possible to
restrict outside access to any selected extension.
The telephone system shall consist of an automatic switchboard of
30 internal and two external lines and shall be installed in the control
room. The switchboard shall be complete with 220V, 50Hz supply unit and
emergency battery supply (12hr) and to board the following telephone
apparatus shall be connected and it will be provided with special desk.
a. One No. desk telephone in each of the following rooms:
Chief Engineers room.
Engineers rooms.
Laboratories.
Operators rooms.
Control rooms.
Engineers houses.
Operators houses.
Lecture rooms.
34

Meeting rooms.
Workshop.
Booster Station or Low Lift site: in each operator houses and
guard room and pumping station.

NOTE: For booster station, there, must be special arrangement to
connect all line with one external line coming from Treatment Plant also
Low Lift site.
b. One No. wall mounted with 100mm bell in:
Raw water pumps area.
Treated water pump area.
Workshop.
Guard room.
Chemical building.
Filter control gallery.
Filter operator room.
Power houses (Low Tension switch board room).
Guard Posts.
c. One No. weather proof (cabinet and door made of aluminum alloy)
with 100mm bell in:
Suction Structure.
Flash mixers.

The contractor shall make all the required study for the required area for
installing the above mentioned control and instrument panel.

BOOSTER STATIONS
Same as above
a. Water level in each
EST s
Ground Storage Tanks.
b. Pressure gauges of 150mm dia. on each pumping main with rate of
flow.
c. Working hour meter for each pump.
d. Telephone connection between each E.S.T. for item (a) above.
35

CLAUSE TEN

SUB STATIONS

The supply voltage will be either 33KV or 11KV. The breaking
capacity shall be 1500MVA and 750MVA respectively. If the power
required is more than 4MVA or there is no 11KV supply from the national
network a 33KV to 11KV or 33KV to 400V station should be supplied and
erected according to the state organization of electricity requirements and
specifications and the contractor is responsible to get their approval for
that.

1) 11/0.400 KV Sub Stations
The Contractor shall supply, install and test the following
equipment for each sub station, The Contractor may separate the
power supply for the low lift pump house as well as the L.T.
switchboard (with a typical sub-station) and build a suitable building
for the transformer and switchgear (if required). The same shall be
applicable for Boosting Stations.
a) Take - off Points
Consist of 2 x 10m tubular steel poles, brackets, pin insulators,
lightning arrestors, hand operated three pole H.T. link switch, H.T. link
fuses of the suitable rating, cable boxes and H.T. cables (XLPE).
The take - off points will be fixed near the guard room. In case of
33KV sub-station this will be eliminated and it will be connected directly
from sub-station to H.T. switchboard.
b) H.T. Switchboard
The switchboard shall comprise five No. panels each housing an
automatic CB of the draw out type with skeleton compartment for future
extension. The circuit breaker shall be according to BS 116 latest Edition
having breaking capacity 750MVA at 11KV and impulse level of 75KA and
CB will be vacuum or SF6 type. The 11KV system is un earthed but all
allowances must be taken and required equipment should be supplied for
converting the system to an earthed systems. In case there is more than
two transformers within the site the required panel should be supplied
within this switchboard.

Panels No. 1 for incoming supply
The CB shall be rated 630A
3 No. 144mm ammeter
36

No. 144mm voltmeter and selector switch
No. Current transformers for operating t he protection and
instrumentation
1 No. T.P. isolating voltage transformers.
1 No. 1 DTH over current and earth fault relay with over
current and earth fault settings.
1 No. 1 DMT under voltage relay for supply failed alarm.
1 No. test terminal block.
1 No. healthy trip lamp and push button.
1 No. 110 DC shut trip and auxiliary switch.
1 No. Set of spare auxiliary switches 3 normally open and 3
normally closed.
1 No. unit cable sealing for box for 3 -core incoming cable.
1 No. pilot cables terminating box.
1 No. alarm disconnecting relay with indicating lamp and reset
button.
1 No. alarm bell remotely mounted (operated from battery
system).
1 No. discrepancy switch, incorporating indicating lamps.

Panel No. 2 -Transformer No. 1 - FEEDER
- Same as Panel No. 1 except that:
- CB rate 400A.
- 1 No. Bochloz relay with 2 elements for "surge trip" and gas
"alarm".
- 1 No. excess oil temperature trip relay with the elements for
"alarm" and "trip" stages.

Panel No. 3 Transformer No. 2 - Feeder
- Same as Panel 2

Panel No. 4, Panel No. 5 for automatic power factor correction

c) DCs Supply
Complete set of DC supply consist of nickel alkaline type with
required electrolyte and distilled water, crater, stands, stand insulator,
inter-cell and inter raw connection, battery charger, panel for battery
,panel for DC feeders, accessories and spares (2 hydrometers, 2
thermometers to read 0C - 70C, 2 large containers for mixing the
electrolyte, 2 moving voltmeters 3-0-3 volts, complete set of maintenance
equipment, one complete of spare part.
37

d) Two No. oil immersed transformers each rated 1.25 of full load of
the plant 11/0.4KV Vector Group DY 11 with L.T. neutral brought
out and solidly earthed, ONAN type, off load tape charger +4.5%
+5% - on the 11KV side, rating plate bi-directional mending
temperature indicator with centigrade pointer and indicating
maximum pointers each indicating pointer having two sets of
adjustable contacts, oil temperature indicator same as above,
thermometers pocket with captive cap, explosion vent of double
diaphragm type with portholes type sight bath type, gas, actuated
relay, double float, drain valve complete with sampling cock,
vacuum valve, filter valve, conservator, terminal boxes on H.T. and
L.T. sides.
e) The 0.4KV side of each transformer shall connected by means of
bus bars inside suitable conduit to CBs in the main distribution
switchboard all the H.T. cables from the take off point to the
transformers shall be (XLPE) type.
f) At least 4 earthing points are required to earth the neutral point of
the transformers with all the necessary cables and electrodes.

The Contractor shall supply the low lift pump house and filter building
with separate transformers if required and build suitable rooms if it is
necessary. H.T. switchgear should be in the same H.T. board for main
pump house.
NOTES: Iraqi standard transformers (11/0.4KV) are: 1000KVA, 630KVA,
400KVA, 250KVA & 100KVA.

2) H .T. LINES
The Contractor shall include in his price to supply and erect an
over head H.T. or ground cable between treatment plant and low lift
pump house if required. The poles will be tuber steel 10m high and
conductors of copper. All technical specification will be according SOE
requirements.
The contractor is required to survey the rout along the raw
water delivery pipe. In case that the low lift station or other stations
are within the site, a ring system by means of cables should be
provided.

3) 33/11KV or 33/0.400KV step Down Sub Station
The Contractor shall supply a complete step down intermediate
sub-station 33/11KV or 33/0.400KV complete from take off points to
11KV or 400V. Feeders out door type CBs will have vacuum or S.F.6
type. Breaking capacity of the system will be 1500MVA and all the
38

system equipment shall be in accordance to SOE requirement and
there approvals. Each station will be equipped with 33KV, 11KV CB as
spare. The Contractor is responsible for civil works for the control
room, and fence of 50x50 meters, will all required cables near the
fence up to each 11KV or 400V transformer site and feeding point for
low lift, filters building and workshop transformers.
39

CLAUSE ELEVEN

POWER HOUSE

Stand by generator sets site of Treatment Plant or any site

1) Scope of Supply
The object of this tender is to supply and install diesel
generating sets of stationary design in quantities and capacities as
in Basic Data. These generation sets shall be used to operate these
water treatment plants at 100% of pumping capacity plus 100%
services during periods of complete electricity mains shut down.
These sets shall be erected and connected parallel to the mains
system. All sets shall be designed for manual and automatic start
and shall incorporate all necessary equipment like with automatic
change over switches for emergency to permit feeding the
consumer either from the mains or from the emergency diesel sets
at any time. All water treatment plants are connected to the
electricity mains national grid.

2) Capacity of Generating Sets
All generating sets shall be designed to have continuous net
site rating output under the following site conditions:
Ambient temperature 55C in the shade
Altitude above sea level 1000 meters
Relative humidity 80%

Every generating set shall be able to run at 10% overload for a
period of one hour after working on full load for 12 continuous hours. The
results shall be within the normal limits of the working conditions of the
set. All generating sets shall be designed for 50Hz 3-phase, 0.8 P.f.
generated voltage shall be 11KV or 400V with step-up transformers to
11KV. All sets shall be equipped with synchronizing devices allowing the
operated in parallel of two or more sets. All generating sets shall be skid
mounted installed in suitable building.

3) Description of Engine & Auxiliaries
3.1) General
3.1.1) Medium speed, vertical or V-type 4-stroke, water cooled,
40

compression ignition, diesel engine directly coupled to the alternator on a
common base and provided with anti vibration dampers. The engine and
the alternator must have been coupled together and run as unit during
work tests. A test certificate to this effect shall be submitted with the
generating set. The rpm of all generating sets shall be 1500rpm at the
maximum.
3.1.2) The engine shall be fitted with a tachometer and suitable speed
regulating gear to provide a 5% up or down speed variation together with
an electrical drive for remote speed control from the switchboard, as well
as a counter of running hours of the generating set.
3.1.3) A suitably designed governor as required for each engine which
controls speed throughout output range from no-load to 10% overload
within the required limits and prevent excessive over-speeding when up
to 10% overload is thrown on and off suddenly. The governor must also
incorporate suitable over speed trip both mechanical and electrical.
3.1.4) Each engine shall be fitted with a suitable heavy duty oil bath air
filter suitable for use in dusty atmospheres and tropical climates. If the
design put forward brings the ai r inlet near the engine exhaust system,
the exhaust system must be heavily lagged or cooled to ensure that the
engine aspirates air at normal ambient room temperature.
3.1.5) The exhausted system shall be wrapped with asbestos and legged
to avoid appreciable rise in ambient air temperature. The outlet of the
exhaust silencer shall be situated on top of the container and directed
upward. They shall have a suitable arrangement to prevent rain water
getting inside the container and suitable means for draining such water.
3.1.6) Every engine shall be fitted with following meters:
3.1.6.1. Lubricating oil pressure meter.
3.1.6.2. Water temperature meter.
3.1.6.3. Exhaust gas temperature meter.
3.1.6.4. Charging battery ammeter.

3.1.7) Each engine shall be of site rating in accordance with the latest
Edition of British Standard Specifications 649 or German VDE
Specification.
3.1.8) Every engine shall be suitable to work efficiently and produce the
quoted power operating on the available fuel produced in Iraq by the
government Oil Refineries Administration.
3.1.9) Anti freeze must be supplied.
3.2) Cooling System
a) Every engine shall be radiator water cooled. The radiator shall be
41

designed for tropical climate at an ambient temperature of 55C in the
shade.
b) The radiators shall be installed at front of the engine in a separate
compartment of the container in such a way that it shall not be affected
by the engine vibration absolutely. The cooling fan shall be driven either
by an electrical motor or belt driven by the engine. In both cases the
power required for driving any cooling fan shall not be considered in the
total output of the generating set. Tenderers shall state clearly the actual
power required for driving the cooling fan in KW and for each kind of
generating sets offered. Suitable circulating water pump shall be provided
for every engine with thermostatic control. Full details of the cooling
system for every generating set shall be stated in the offer. Scale forming
inhibitor enough in quantity for three radiator filling charges shall be
supplied with every generating set.

3.3) Lubricating Oil System
3.3.1) The lubricating oil system shall be closed system with the case of
the engine acting as an oil reservoir or with an external reservoir
of the totally closed type.
3.3.2) The lubricating oil for the engine shall be pumped into the system
by the gear or the chain driven pump coupled to the engine
drive.
3.3.3) The engine is to be fitted with a lubricating oi l heat exchanger
suitable for climate conditions at site and of such size and type
that it is capable of maintaining the engine oil temperature
within the limits recommended by the engine manufactures
throughout the ambient air temperature range at site and under
any load condition.
3.3.4) Heavy duty lube filter shall be provided for every engine. The
Tenderer shall state clearly whether the filters offered are
suitable for use with detergent lubricating oil.
3.3.5) Manually operated lubricating oil priming pump is to be fitted to
the engine for raising the oil pressure and circulating the
lubricating oil before starting. This pump is to be fitted with an
additional connection and stop cock so that it can be used to
drain the engine oi l when an oil change is carried out, this
feature may be omitted if pumping out of used engine oil is
covered by some other standard fitting on the engine put
forward.
3.3.6) The lubricating oil used in Iraq is a product of the Government Oil
Refineries Administration and the engine put forward should be
able to use these oils. Detailed technical information could be
obtained from the department concerned.
3.3.7) Pressure gauge and thermometers of round dial type shall be
installed in the lubricating oil circuit as follows:
42

3.3.7)c.1. Two thermometers to measure the inlet and outlet oil
temperature to the heat exchange.
3.3.7)c.2. Two pressure gauges to measure the pressure before and
after the main oil filters.

3.4) Fuel Oil System
The fuel system for every engine shall consist of fuel
transfer pump. Fuel service tank which shall be of such capacity
sufficient f or 8 hours operation on full load fuel injection pump
or pumps and atomizer with all inter connecting piping and
filters.
A hand operated semi-rotary pump with necessary piping
for filling the service tank of every generating set from the bulk
storage tanks shall be included.
Bulk storage tanks for fuel shall be supplied and erected
and shall have capacities sufficient for 48 hours full load
operation.
The tender shall state clearly the design of the said fuel
tank and for every capacity of generating set at each site shall
be properly connected to their fuel bulk storage tank. Also the
tender state clearly the design of erection of the tanks at sites.
Filling of every electrical driven fuel pump via a proper pipe
connection or a hose 65mm dia. from a road tanker, every
storage tank shall have a level indicator meter and from meter
registering in liters. Provision shall also be made for a breather
and an inspection.

3.5) Starting System
All generating sets shall be designed for manual / auto
starting and it is preferred to be electrical by electric starter and
set of alkaline batteries with charger charging of the batteries
shall be as follows
a) When the generating is in operation, charging the batteries shall be
effected by a charging alternator driven by the engine with charging
alternator control board relay.
b) When the generating set is not in operation, charging the batteries
shall be effected by a separate automatic battery charger operating on
220VAC supply
All inter - connections and erection of the above mentioned
equipment shall be carried out by the Contractor. The set will be equipped
with manual, automatic and test starting switches.
43

3.6) Control & Warning System
Each engine shall have protections against faulty operating
and abnormal conditions by means of system of relays, pressure
and thermal sensors.
Visual and audio able signals are to be provided for each
engine against oil pressure too low and cooling water
temperature too high and over speeding and low fuel. The circuit
breaker shall be arranged to trip first and the engine is then
brought to standstill, if faulty conditions persist for a certain
predetermined time after alarm signal has been given. Then the
system shall be complete with reset knobs and other
attachments necessary for proper operation. The warning system
shall also give indication of low fuel level in the daily tank. All
warning and shut down indicators shall be located in the low
tension switchboard.

4) Alternators
4.1) The generated voltage of the alternators will be 0.4KV and 11KV as
mentioned in item (2) of these specifications taking into
consideration that all the electrical power required to drive
auxiliaries and cooling fan shall be excluded from the net output of
the generating set, the outputs of the alternators shall be
continuous in accordance with B.S.S.2613 (latest edition) or any
other international Equivalent Standard.
4.2) The windings shall be impregnated Class H and finished for use in
a tropical climate and t he machine should be designed for use in an
ambient temperature of 55C in the shade and continuously site
rated to B.S.S. 2613 (latest edition).
4.3) The temperature rise of the insulted winding measured by a
thermometer or other approved method after a continuous run on
full load is not to exceed tine limits laid down in B.S.S. 2613 and
amendments, due regard being paid to Clause 17. The machine
shall be able to with stand the overload allowed by Clause 21 of
B.S.S. and amendments.
4.4) Excitation shall be by means of brushless alternators with rotating
rectifier.
4.5) All alternators shall be damped and suitable for parallel operation.

Important Note
The alternator shall be of totally enclosed type, fan cooled with IP23
degree of protection for alternator and IP43 for terminal box. All
protective measures should be taken to ensure the safety of the operators
44

from electrical shock due to contact with metallic parts of the generating
set and auxiliaries.

5) LOW Tension Switchboard
The switchboard shall be sheet steel clad, totally enclosed,
dust and vermit proof of clean and modern appearance and flush
mount instruments and switchgear. The switchboards shall be
manufactured from thick gauge zinc coated sheet steel primed
and finished in high class light grey paint. The switch gear shall
be designed to withstand a fault level of 40MVA at 400V. Every
generating set shall have an alternator panel and a changeover
switch which shall include the following:
1. Triple pole main circuit breaker suitably rated with magnetic reverse
power and overload releases manually operated through push buttons
with mechanical ON, OFF and "TRIP" indicators. Overload releases
must contain time lag adjustments.
2. Metering for voltage current, power factor, frequency KW, etc.
3. Automatic voltage regulation and trimming.
4. Indicating lamps.
5. All necessary fittings and attachments required for proper operation
and as mentioned previously in these specifications.
6. Speed remote control switch.
7. Feeder air circuit breaker for 60A capacity with same protection
characteristics like the main breaker with suitable terminal connection
for cable to supply power to equipment not included in the consumers
network. Besides 3 single phase 10A socket plug connections fire to
be provided.
8. A Manually and automatic operated change-over (transfer) switch shall
be included with the switchgear for the purpose of supplying
electricity either from the mains or from the generating set and to
safely prevent the two systems operating together. This shall be
achieved through suitable mechanical and electrical interlocking with
indication of correct and complete engagement and disengagement of
contact blades. Easy access and ample space should be provided to
connect the mains and consumers cables. The rating of this switch
should be double that of the generating set. The emergency or
generating set side of the switch should have facilities for connecting
two generating sets running in parallel and having the same capacity.
9. Synchronizing device which include a synchro-scope double frequency
meter, double voltmeter and a synchronizing switch.

6) High Tension Switchboards for All Generating Sets with
11KV
6.1) They shall be sheet steel clad free standing, floor mounting, totally
45

enclosed dust and vermin proof of clean and modern appearance and
flush mounted instruments and switchgear. The switchboards shall be
manufactured from thick gauge, zinc coaled sheet steel primed and
finished in high class light grey paint. The switchgear shall be designed to
withstand a fault level of 500MVA at 11000
6.1.1) Alternator Panel
Each shall include the following:
6.1.1.1) Sets of 3 air insulated copper bus bars 400A.
6.1.1.2) Main output circuit breaker suitably rated draw out type,
manually operated through push-buttons with overload, short
circuit and reveres power protection, overload releases must
contain time lag adjustments.
6.1.1.3) Complete synchronizing equipment.
6.1.1.4) Manual automatic voltage regulation and trimming .
6.1.1.5) Remote speed control switch.
6.1.1.6) Metering for voltage, current, power factor, frequency KW etc.
6.1.1.7) Indicating lamps,
6.1.1.8) All necessary fitting and attachment required for proper operation
and as mentioned previously in specification.
6.1.1.9) Earth leaking protection.
6.1.1.10) Complete sets of current and potential transformers.
6.1.1.11) Small power transformers 25KVA 11KV/0.4KV shall be
included in the switchgear with suitable protection, on both
sides. This transformer shall be used to supply electricity to
diesel set auxiliaries and other equipment not included the
consumers network.
6.1.1.12) A manually operated 11KV changeover (transformer) switch
shall be incorporated within the container serving the same
purpose as the one envisaged for the low tension generators
item 5.8.

7) Wiring and Cabling
7.1) All low tension power cables copper type (600/1000) shall be 4-core
PCV insulated suitable for underground use.
7.2) All high tension power cables (11000 volts) shall be 3-core copper
steel tape armored and PVC sheathed XLPE insulated suitable for 3-
phase, 11KV unearthed system.
7.3) All sizes and qualities of the cables shall be stated clearly in the
offer.
7.4) Where necessary, al l low tension cable shall run inside trenches
covered with chequer plates within buildings where switchgear of
water treatment plant is located. Fixing of cables inside trenches
shall be on trench side walls or laid of tray 20cm above the bottom
of the trench and in according with 14
th
Edition of IEE Regulations
46

or the relevant BSS Outside the building, cables shall be laid in
trenches covered with concrete slabs.

The Contractor shall be responsible for the complete electrical
connection between the alternator panels, feeder panels, isolating
switches and the point of load application in the plants, with all
necessary fitting cable and boxes, lug etc.
7.5) Cable sizes shall be calculated for earning capacity at rated current
of set at 55C ambient temperature in the shade, it is preferable
that one size of low tension and one for high tension cables shall be
delivered and a single or double run of cable shall be used with each
generating set according to its capacity.

8) Foundations
The Contractor shall be responsible for supplying materials
and making suitable foundations for the generating sets and
auxiliaries with their containers and fuel tanks. The foundations
shall be executed in accordance with the recommendations and
design of the manufactures. The dimensions of the foundation and
anti-vibration installations shall be suitable for the sites conditions
considering a ground bearing capacity of the plant. The concrete
foundation shall be cast in one operation using vibrators and
concrete mixers. Concrete mix shall be 1:2:4 of sulphate resisting,
cement, sand and gravel.
The sand shall have less than 0.25% salts. Laboratory tests of
sand and gravel shall be submitted prior to mixing for approval. The
results of the tests shall comply with the relevant BSS and CP. The
tests shall be carried out in one of the official laboratories no excuse
whatsoever shall be accepted for any crack or vibration in the
foundations.

9) Erection
The erection of the generating sets and all their associate
equipment shall be carried out under the direct supervision of a
fully qualified engineer appointed by the Contractor. Due care
shall be given to equipment and materials handled so that no
damage shall be incurred. The contractor is responsible for
repairing any damage sit no extra cost or period. The work shall
be carried out in the neatest clean and proper manner
complying with the appropriate British Code Practice.

47

10) Operation & Maintenance
The generating sets shall be operated and tested prior to
acceptance and handover test at the beginning of handover
tests the daily fuel oil tanks, bulk storage tanks shall be filled to
their full capacity and the engine oil changed with new, best
quality lubricating oil. Cost of the above items shall be deemed
as included in the total cost of the Contract.
The generating sets shall be tested for six hours on full
load and one hour on 10 % over load. The temperature of the
exhaust and cooling water shall then remain within the limits
specified by the engine manufactures. All other auxiliary
equipment shall be tested to the satisfaction of the Acceptance
Committee.
The Contractor shall be responsible for training our
operators on all kind of maintenance and operation procedures
for a period of two months and a certificate shall be issued
certifying that this task had been fulfilled by the Contractor
completely. Also the Contractor shall be responsible for
supervising the maintenance of these generating sets for a
period of one year during which he will be responsible to repair
and replace any damaged part of any of these generating sets
and to supply the spare required and labor works on his own
account. The Contractors shall supply fire fighting extinguishers
with the generating sets. They shall be of suitable type and size
to cope with fires in the electrical and fuel system.

11) Deviation from the Specification
All tenders are required to adhere to the specifications and
in case of any deviation, these should be clearly stated on a
separate page item by item given the clause and item number
and the reasons for such deviations, if such a deviation page
shall not be submitted with the offer it shall be considered that
the offer is complying fully with our specifications.

12) Spare Parts and tools
Every generating set shall be supplied with all spare parts
necessary for 15000 working hours as recommended by the
manufacturers. These spare parts shall be priced separately.
They shall cover all the requirements of the diesel engines,
alternators, switchboards and auxiliaries detailed list shall be
submited, where every item shall be priced separately.
As a guidance to the manufactures the spare far every
48

generating set shall include full quantities of all kinds of filters
for fuel oi l , lubricating oil, complete set of inlet and outlet
valves, turbo charger repair kit, fuel pump elements, injectors
solenoid valves, governor, set of piston rings, 50% of sets for
pistons cylinder heads, main and big end bearing, 2 sets of top
and major overhaul kits, few sets of V-belts etc. Alternator
spares shall include set of bearings, revolving rectifiers and
diodes, automatic voltage regulator etc.
For alternator panel and switch gear a full recommended
spares for indication lamps circuit breaker, relay, fuses, meters,
etc. shall be submitted.
For all 11KV generating sets a total number of 10 spare
cable outdoor end boxes and same number indoor end boxes
together with 20 sets of 11KV fuse elements shall be delivered.
A complete set of standard tools shall be included in the supply
with each generating set.
One set of special major overhaul tools, for each type of
diesel engines shall be supplied. This set shall include the
following:
12.1) Two AVO meters
12.2) Two Muggers (10-2500V)
12.3) One tachometer (mechanical)
12.4) Soldering kit
12.5) Injector and nozzle tester.
12.6) Cable Jointing Kit
12.7) Two workshop manuals

There will be a similar power plant in the Booster Stations and
in the Low Lift in case it is in different site as included in Basic Data.

49

CLAUSE TWELVE

CABLES

All inter connecting power cables to the motors and other
appurtenances with the necessary cable boxes shall be provided and fixed
by the Contractor. The cables shall be copper, strand type of the PVC
insulated and sheathed type suitable for use in humid atmosphere similar
to NYY-VDE Q 271 and of a type and size in accordance with the carrying
capacity of cables given in the tables accompanying the "Regulations for
the Electrical Equipment of Buildings of the Institution of Engineers,
England", and in accordance with the requirement of the manufacturers of
the plant take in consideration ambient temp (55C) and condition of
laying. These cables buried in trenches direct in the ground shall be
installed in an enclosed trench 600mm wide by 760mm, deep minimum
including 10mm cover. Single core cables arranged in groups of two or
three in flat formation with the surface separated by a distance equal to
one diameter or in trefoil formation with cable touching. Groups separated
by a minimum (larger spacing to be used where practicable) distance of
50mm either horizontally or vertically multi core cables installed singly
separated by a minimum (large spacing to be used where practicable)
distance of 75mm either horizontally or vertically. All cables spaced at
least 25mm from the trench wall and supported rather by trays or 500mm
distance supports. Cables buried in the ground outside the building shall
be wire / tape armored and bedded in two layers of 100mm of sand at a
depth of 900mm.

50

CLAUSE THIRTEEN

LIGHTING

The level of illumination throughout the building shall be uniform
and of value 150 lumen/m
2
for corridor, stair 400 lumen/m
2
in pumping
station and control room 300 lumen/m
2
for other rooms. This level is to
be attained by means of fluorescent lighting fittings (2x40W) of the totally
enclosed type, moisture proof with power factor correcting capacitors. The
Contractor is also to provide suitable No. of single and 3-phase 13A, 25A
socket outlets suitably distributed inside the building. All switches sockets
and other electrical necessaries used inside the building shall be moisture
proof. Ceiling fixed mercury 160W fitting of water proof type are to be
used for lighting the area around the building from the outside at a
spacing of no more than 6m. The switches for these fitting are to be
situated inside the buildings near the entrance lighting another sub-
circuits shall be properly protected by means of sub-distribution (MCB)
boards.
The Contractor shall make arrangement for lighting the area around
the plant along the fence in spacing not more than 20m using 8m tubular
steel poles and 250W mercury bulb and 250W projector one for each
clarifier on an 8m pole to be fixed near the flash mixers and directed to
each flocculator center 160W mercury fittings mounted on 3m.long steel
poles of 75mm dia. and spaced every 10m along al l the inside roads and
foot paths of the plant. The main switches operating the whole system
shall be situated in the guard room. The whole of the external lighting
system shall be controlled by photo cell each filter will be illuminated by
means of flood lights mercury or sodium not less than 400W situated on
the beam above the control console each with its own switch. The filter
gallery and pipe gallery, walk way will be illuminated by means of
fluorescent lights. Six safety hand lamps operating on 24V and
transformers are to be provided complete with guard and 10m of 3-core
flexible trailing cable, one wire acting as earth continuity. At least ten
earthing points are to be provided and installed complete having
maximum resistance of 2 ohms. Effective connection to earth of all the
electrical equipment, sockets outlets etc. is to be made with insulated
wire of ample cross sectional area and in accordance with the latest
edition of the "Regulations for the Electrical Equipment for Buildings of the
institution of Electrics Engineers, England" The installation within the sub-
station shall be carried out in 600/1000V grade PVC. Insulated cable
drawn into heavy gauge screwed welded conduits unless otherwise
specified. Conduits shall comply with BS 31 or equivalent and of approved
manufacture. So conduit of less than 19mm diameter will be permitted.
All conduits and fittings for surface installations shall be heavily
51

galvanized and where external to buildings be of the watertight pattern.
Where multiple conduit runs occur or the discretion of the Engineer the
Contractor shall supply and install heavy gauge galvanized trunking of
adequate size to confirm with IEE Regulations 223G or equivalent and
fixed direct to the surface or supported by HS galvanized brackets at a
maximum of 1.2m centers. Bends and tees and other accessories shall be
prefabricated and of the same manufacture as the trunking. Cable
retaining bridges shall be provided and suitable spaced to ensure that
cables remain in the trunking when covers are removed. All draw boxes
and junction boxes shall be of ample size to permit the cable being drawn
in and out.
They shall comply with BS31 or equivalent and be of malleable iron
and of approved manufacture. At all lighting and switch points the conduit
shall terminate in a suitable box provided with internal lugs to permit the
back plates of the fitting or switches being attached to them by screws.
All circular boxes shall be provided with long spouts internally threaded
incorporating a shoulder for proper butting of the conduit.
The ends of all conduits shall be carefully rearmed to remove all
burrs or sharp edges on the inside after the thread has been cut. All dirt,
paint or oil on the threads shall be removed immediately prior to erection.
The ends of the conduit shall butt solidly in all couplings. Where they
terminate in switch fuses, fuse boards adaptable boxes non spouted
switch boxes etc. they shall be connected there to by means of smooth
bore male brass bushes compression washers and sockets. All exposed
threads and all bends shall be painted with aluminum spirit paint
immediately after erection.
All bends are to be made on side to suit conditions and not more
than two right angels will be permitted without the interposition of a draw
box. No tees, elbows, sleeves either of the inspection or solid type will be
permitted.
All conduits shall be swabbed through before wiring is commenced
and cables shall not be draw into any section of the system until all
conduit and draw boxes for that particular section have been fixed in
position. Provision shall be made in all conduit rum for the removal of
moisture due to condensation.
Conduits where run on the surface shall be fixed by means of
distance saddles, the conduit boxes being of the raised back pattern or
approved packing piece used to avoid "Setting" the conduit. They shall be
run in a symmetrical manner and follow the building lines at al l times.
The Contractor shall ensure that conduit is not allowed to become rusty
and shall include in his Tender wire brushing and protective aluminum
painting as necessary.
The Contractor shall prepare conduit and trunking run drawing if
called upon to do so and no work shall be carried out until approval of the
52

drawings has been given. Switches shall be of the surface watertight
pattern galvanized and gauged where necessary. Switches shall be
operated by knurled wheel in brass, working through a gland, with heavy
machine cast Iron cover plated secured by three brass screws to the
conduit box.
The wiring arrangement for the office rooms, Resident Engineers
house and operator house shall be in conduit buried in the ceiling and
titling.
The same apply for the lighting of the Booster Stations. The
Contractor shall supply and install the required distribution centers for 3
phase lighting system which is supplied from the CB in the incoming panel
as load center.
The Contractor shal l install the following emergency lighting fitting
20W with the required DC and AC supply and cabling:
-8 No. in Chemical Building
-2 No. in each Transformer Room in TP & LL and BS
-2 No. in Control Room
-8 No. in high lift pump house
-8 No. in Workshop
-2 No. in each chief Engineers Room
-6 No. in low lift building
-1 No. in guard Room
-8 No. in each power house (in diesel roam and LT & HT and DC Room)
-4 No. Booster Station, pump house and 2 no in chemical room
-8 No. Booster Station power building
-6 No. in administration building

53

CLAUSE FOURTEEN

BUILDING WORKS

The general arrangement of the buildings the general layout shall
be as shown in Drawing in the Appendix.
If the Contractor wishes to make any changes in this arrangement
he shall indicate it in his offer and price it as an alternative. The thickness
of external walls shall be 36cm and internal walls 24cm.
The building shall be constructed in brickwork or masonry framed in
reinforced concrete members of 1:2:4 mixture. The roof of the buildings
shall be of reinforced concrete of 1:2:4 mixtures. The upper surface of the
concrete roof shall be laid to cross falls for rain water drainage for
disposal to down pipes of 10cm dia. and shall be covered with 1cm
thickness of bitumen which shall be carried up against the parapet walls.
The roof shall be covered with 10cm of clean and fine sandy soil. The roof
shall be faced with concrete block and mastic joints. The brickwork or
masonry shall be jointed throughout in 1:3 cement mortars. The ground
floors of several rooms shall be founded on 25cm of consolidated hard
core of which 15cm shall be formed in 1:2:5 concrete laid to true planes
and shall be faced with best quality floor tiles of terrazzo or mosaic and of
an approved color and pattern and extended one course in the formation
of a skirting to the walls. The walls of the buildings shall be plastered in
1:3 cement mortar of 1cm thickness. The plastering to the walls and
ceiling shall be finished to a smooth surface. The adhesion of the
plastering and tilling to the respective under surface shall be throughout
through and the face truly line able in character expect administration
building which shall be JUSS plastering. The windows to the buildings
shall be steel framed dust proof type and the sashes glazed with first
quality 4mm sheet glass well fitted bedded and lack putting with full
height ornamental iron grills. The windows of the building shall be
protected with fly proof wire mesh fixed with iron framing. The windows
of operator rooms and office laboratory shall be provided with curtain
frame and curtain rings well fixed to the walls. The main entrance doors
shall be of the double French teak wood type with side and overhead
lights and shall be ornamental in appearance and shall be not less than
2.4x2.4m high. The doors to the other rooms shall be wooden doors
where of an external nature apart from the operator room which shall be
of the double French type and of well seasoned wood framing with facing
of 4 plywood where of an internal nature. All windows and doors shall be
of best quality and shall be as shown in the drawings in Appendix. The
lintels and sub shades over doors and windows shall be formed in 1:2:4
reinforced concrete. The butts and locks of internal doors shall be of
brass. The footing of the building shall be constructed in reinforced
54

concrete 1:2:4 coated with not less than two layers of suitable asphalt
coating and shall be spread in accordance with the imposed loading. The
thresholds and steps shall be formed in 1:2:5 concrete with outward fall
of 1/100 external to the doors.
The lavatories and bath rooms shall be furnished with 62.5x45cm
porcelain wash hand basin with two chromium plated pillar taps, load
waste pipe etc. towel racks with a shower with copper rose and tap white
glared porcelain water closet of the Asiatic type (the internal clearance of
the pan shall not be less than 50cm) complete with trap and three gallons
mosquito proof elevated flushing tank with butter valve and shall
respectively connected to the station water service system as hereinafter
specified. The bottom of the flushing tank shall be at least 2m above the
floor of the room. The drain of the wash hand basin, shower and closet
shall be connected to the sewage disposal system as specified in these
specifications. No manhole or inspection pit should be made inside the
bath room and lavatory. The tracks of the overhead travailing crane
specified in the relative clause shall be carried on cantilevers or corbels
from the wall columns.
All internal faces of the walls and ceilings shall be given two coats of
appropriate washable emulsion paint and the external face of the walls
shall be given two coats of appropriate cement paint. The internal faces of
the walls and ceiling of the (WC) and bath room shall be given two coats
of an appropriate oil paint. The paint shall be of approved quality and
color. The internal faces of the walls of the (WC), kitchen, bathrooms,
shall be faced with porcelain tiles from the floor to the ceiling.
The Contractor shall provide and install a complete electrical fire
alarm system in accordance with the recommendations of CP 1019 and
BS 3116 Part 1 and part IV (last edition).
A fire alarm and warning system shall be provided throughout
various buildings the system shall be generally be a manually operated
one and shall include smoke detectors break-glass contacts local alarm
bells and alarm indicator panel and a general alarm siren mounted
externally at high level in a prominent position. Break-glass contacts shall
generally be placed at exits from building but in the case of large areas
they shall be spaced at not more than 50m apart. The indicator panel
shall give visual indication of the following:
(a) Power failure
(b) Low battery voltage
(c) Open circuit
(d) Fault to earth
Operations of any alarm shall give visible and audible sound in the office
and general alarm shall be given throughout the area by means of bells.
Bells shall be 200mm dia. They shall be obtained from the fire alarm
equipment manufacturers and the Contractor shall provide and installed
55

24V nickel cadmium battery and charging unit complete in ventilated steel
case.
Fire extinguishers shall be supplied and distributed in the buildings of the
following types:
Powder type
C0
2
type.
Fire blanket
The required No. of each type shall be as indicated in Basic Data.
Arrangements to be made for disposing the water collected by means of
the two Nos. submersible pumps with float valves in the following:
a. Filter galleries
b. In each pump house (T.P., B.S, and L.L.)
c. Sludge pump house
The Contractor shall make provision of the construction of a separate
building to install the transformers. Necessary detailed drawings are to be
submitted to the S.O.W.S. for its approval.
Also drinking water cooler of best quality in accordance with the
resident Engineers approval for treated water building, filter building,
administration building low lift, Booster Station, Chemical Building,
workshop. The cost of this item shall be included in the total price of the
Tender.

Concrete and Concrete Work
a) General
All materials used for plain or reinforced concrete work shall best
quality and free from defects likely to undermine the strength and life
service of the work. The materials furnished must sit least comply with
Iraqi Organization Standards (IOS) and the latest BS Specification
wherever these are applicable or their approved equal, Concrete made
from sulphate resistant comment is abbreviated S.R. concrete and
concrete made from normal Portland cement is abbreviated N.P.C.
concrete.

b) Cement
Cement shall be of the Portland cement and complying in every way
with the requirements of IOS 5 for Normal Portland Cement and with IOS
6/1968 for sulphate resisting cement. Sulphate resisting cement must be
used for all concrete works below ground level or in contact with soil.
The cement shall be transported in sealed bags, unless otherwise
approved by the Engineer, and shall be stored at the site in perfectly
56

weather dried stores with the damp proof clear of all possibilities of
flooding. The Contractor shall make provisions for providing these stores
at his expense and to the Engineers satisfaction.
Cement shall be dry and free from lumps and caking. Any cement
which has fully or partially set or which in the opinion of the Engineer fails
to comply with the specifications or has become damaged in the works
through dampness, storage or otherwise shall be rejected. It shall be the
responsibility of the Contractor to remove forth with all such cement from
the site and no time is such cement to be used in the works.
Great care shall be taken that various types and brands of cement
shall not come into contact with each other and should such an event all
such contaminated cement shall be removed from the site.

c) Aggregates
Coarse aggregate shall consist of thoroughly washed river gravel, crushed
gravel, crushed stone or a combination thereof. It shall be cleaned, hard,
durable, uncoated particles free from injurious amounts of soft, pliable,
laminated or elongated pieces, alkaline, gypsum, organic or other
deleterious matter which may reduce the strength of a durability of the
concrete or attach steel reinforcement. Should any pre washed aggregate
be founded to be dirty after transit to the site, the Contractor shall adopt
such measure as the Engineer may direct to wash and clean it before
incorporation in the permanent work. Coarse aggregate of porous nature
or containing clay lumps exceeding 1% by dry weight shall not be used.
Dust or other fine materials passing BS sieve No. 100 or equivalent and
exceeding 3% (by volume) shall be removed from the coarse aggregate
by screening, washing or other adequate methods.
Coarse aggregate shall be well graded in the max size and shall not
be greater than specified for the particular variety of concrete. Grading of
coarse aggregate as delivered to the mixer shall conform to the
requirements as per the annexed Table 1 and Table 13.
Table 1
Percentage by weight passing through BS Sieves normal size of graded
aggregate
Sieve size 1-3/16 -3/16 -3/16
Inch mm 38.1-4.8mm 19.4-4.8 mm 12.7 - 4.8mm
3 76.2 100 - -
1 38.1 95-100 100 100
19.1 30-7 95-100 100
12.7 - 90-100
9.5 10-35 25-55 40-85
3/16 4.8 0-5 0-10 0-10
57

Thus, the maximum nominal size of coarse aggregate for heavy wall
footings shall be taken as 38mm. For beam, girders, columns and slabs
the maximum aggregate size to be used shall be 19mm.
For slabs 10cm thick, the maximum common layers size shall be
12.7mm. For cases not defined above, the Contractor shall submit a
grading of coarse aggregate with maximum nominal size for the
Engineers approval. Prior to the delivery samples shall be submitted to
the Engineer together with sieve analysis showing the proportions by
weight passing the sieves. The Contractor shall carry out sieve analysis
when required by the Engineer to do so, and adjust the grading according
to above.

TABLE II
Percentage by weight passing BS Sieves
BS Grading Grading Grading
Sieve Zone I Zone II Zone III
3/8" 100 100 100
3/16 " 90-100 90-100 90-100
No. 7 60-95 75-100 85-100
No. 14 30-70 55-90 75-100
No. 25 1.5-34 35-59 60-79
No. 52 5-20 10-30 15-30
No. 100 0-10 0-10 0-10

The total amount of deleterious materials (loam, clay, silts or organic
matter) shall not exceed 3% of tile total weight of the fine aggregates.
The fine aggregate shall not contain more than 0.45% by weight of
soluble sulphate.

d) Fine Aggregates
Fine aggregates shall comprise approved sand free from injurious
amount of soft, alkaline, organic or other deleterious matter. The
aggregate shall range in size and proportion in accordance with the Table
described below:
58

e) Water
Water used in mixing concrete shall be fresh, clean and free from
injurious amounts of acids, alkaline, oil, sewage, salts and organic matter.

f) Batching & Mixing of Concrete
The mixing of concrete shall be done in a mixer of an approved type
which will ensure a uniform distribution of materials throughout the mass,
so that mixture is uniform in color and homogeneous. The arrangements
made for handling, gauging, transporting and mixing the materials and
for adding the cement and water shall be such that the operations can
easily be checked and inspected. The mixer shal l be equipped with a
device approved by the Engineer for hand controlling the quantity of
water in each batch so as to give the slump or water cement ratio
required by the Engineer.
The mixer shall not be charged in excess of the rated capacity nor
be operated in excess of the rated speed. Each time the work stops, the
mixer should be cleaned out and when next commencing mixing an
additional 10% cement over that specified should be added to the first
batch. Excessive mixing and addition of water to preserve required
consistency will not be permitted. The mixing time for each batch, after
all materials including water are in the mixer drum, shall be at least at
follows:

Capacity of mixer Mixing Time
cubic meter or smaller 2 minutes
to cubic meter 3 minutes

The mixing time may be increased when the charging and mixing
operations fail to result in the required uniformity of composition and
consistency of the concrete. During windy weather efficient precautions
shall be taken to prevent cement from being blown away during the
process of apportioning and mixing.
The total water content for each batch of concrete shall be minimum
amount necessary to produce a plastic mixture of the strength specified
and the desired density, uniformity and workability and the concrete shall
have a ratio of water to Portland cement of not more than 0.6 by weight.
In calculating the total water content in any mix, the amount of moisture
on the surface of the aggregate particles shall be included.

59

g) Steel Reinforcement
All steel reinforcement shall be clean and free loose flaky rust and
scale, and free from oil, grease or other coatings which destroy or reduce
its bond with the concrete. All steel reinforcement shall be fabricated to
the forms and dimensions required and secured in place by use of metal
or concrete supports, spacers or ties, such supports shall be of sufficient
strength to maintain the reinforcement in place throughout the concreting
operation. The supports shall be used in such a way that will neither be
exposed nor contribute in any way to the discoloration or deterioration of
the concrete.
Before concreting, all reinforcement shall be carefully cleaned of all
set or partially set concrete which may have been deposited there on
during the placing of previous lift of concrete.

Cutting & Bending
Steel reinforcement may be mill or field bent. All bending shall be in
accordance with the Standard approved practice. All bars shall be bent
cold.

Splicing
In slabs, beams and girders, splices of reinforcements at points of
maximum stress shall be avoided whenever possible, such splices where
used shall be welded, lapped or otherwise fully developed, but in any case
shall transfer the entire stress from bar to bar without exceeding the
allowable bend and allowable shear stresses. The minimum overlap for a
lapped splice for bars shall be 24 bar diameters, but not less than 30cm.

h) Conveying of Concrete
Concrete shall be conveyed from the mixer to the place of final
deposit as rapidly as practicable, by methods which prevent segregation,
or loss of ingredients. There shall be no vertical drop greater than 1m
except where suitable equipment is provided to prevent segregation and
where specifically authorized.

i) Depositing of Concrete
Approval of the Engineer shall be obtained before starting any
concrete pour. Concrete shall be deposited as nearly as practicable in its
final position to avoid segregation due to re-handling or flowing. The
concreting shall be carried on at such a rate that the concrete is at all
times plastic and flows readily into the spaces between the bars. No
concrete that has partially hardened or been contaminated by foreign
60

materials shall be deposited on the work, nor shall re-tempered concrete
be used. Once concreting is started, it shall be carried on as continuous
operation until the placing of the panel or section is completed. The top
surface shall be generally level. When construction joints are necessary,
they shall be made in accordance with the requirements of these
specifications.

j) Compacting Deposited Concrete
Concrete shall be compacted by approved tools and in such a
manner as to ensure that it forms a dense mass, free from honeycombs
or segregation, filling the forms and the spaces between reinforcement
compactly and without voids. Vibrators when used shall have a frequency
of not less than 5000 cycles/minute. In no circumstances shall vibrators
be attached to or allowed to touch reinforcement. Vibrators shall be used
only to compact concrete in the position in which it is deposited. Where
conditions make compacting difficult, or where the reinforcement is
congested, batches of mortar containing the same proportions of cement
to sand as used in the concrete, shall first be deposited in the forms to a
depth of at least 2.5cm.

k) Curing & Protection of Concrete
All concrete shall be maintained in moist conditions for at least the
first fourteen days after placing. Concrete shall be protected during the
first stage of hardening from the harmful effects of sun shine, drying
winds, cold and frost, and also from surface water shocks. No concrete
shall be deposited during weather conditions which are considered to be
unsuitable by the Engineer in cold weather such precautions as necessary
shall be taken that the temperature of the concrete shall not be less than
15C during the first stage of hardening. All possible precautions in curing
concrete must be carried out.

L) Construction Joints
Joints shall be so made and located as to least impair the strength
of the structure. The position and number of the joints shall be subject to
the approval of the Engineer before concreting is commenced.
Where a joint is to be made the surface of the concrete shall be
thoroughly cleaned and laitance removed. In addition joints shall be
thoroughly wetted, and sloshed with coat of neat cement grout
immediately before placing of new concrete. Where called for, water stops
of a type approved by the Engineer shall be concreted into the concrete
previously placed and left protruding and undamaged to marry with
concrete cast later.
61

All least two hours elapse after depositing concrete in the columns
or walls before depositing in beams, girders or slabs supported thereon.
Beams, girders, brackets, column capitals and haunches shall be
considered as part of the floor system and shall be placed monolithically
therewith.
Construction joints in floors shall be located near the middle of the
spans of slabs, beams or girders. Unless a beam intersect a girder at this
point, in which case the joints in the girders shall be offset a distance
equal to twice the width of the beam. In this last case provision shall be
made carry the shear forced by making use of inclined reinforcement.
The Contractor shall take all the necessary steps by means of
timber edgings, etc. to ensure an exact horizontal straight finish to the
outside edge of any lift of concrete. This shall apply also to all vertical
joints or to any stoppage joints which may arise during the construction
of the work, the lines of which shall be straight and regular.

m) Concrete Face work
All exposed surface of concrete to water shall be made true to line,
fair and smooth without after rendering. Every care shall be taken to
ensure perfect appearance of the finished surface. Particular care must be
taken on all exposed work that no irregularity or roughness occurs
between the successive sections of the forms, and that the finished face
be perfectly smooth and to such shapes, as required, free of board or
from marks, and of uniform color.
All concreter work for all water retaining structures and pumps pit
shall have three layers of suitable asphalt coating. The surface of the
concrete shall be gone over immediately the forms are removed and all
uneven edges, fins, projections made good and any minor holes or pitting
shall be filled up after the approval of the site Engineer. All finished work
shall be made to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

FRAMEWORK
A) General
Forms shall be constructed either of approved wood or steel to
conform to the shape, line and grade required. Forms shall have sufficient
strength to withstand the pressure resulting from placement and vibration
and the concrete, and shall be used, wherever necessary, to confine the
concrete, and shape it to the required lines or to ensure against
contamination of the concrete with material caving in or sloughing from
adjacent excavated surfaces.

62

B) Design of Forms
Design of forms shall be so designed and constructed that can be
properly placed and thoroughly compacted without loss of water.
Formwork shall be adequately strutted, braced or tied. It shall be capable
of withstanding the pressure resulting from the placing of the concrete,
whatever method of compaction is employed, without undue deflection or
loss of alignment. Lumber, once used in forms shall have tails withdrawn
and surface in contact with concrete shall be carefully cleaned before pre
use.

C) Deflection of Formwork

Location Permissible Deflection
Between adjacent framing members +1.5mm
Between adjacent ties on a framing member +0.8mm
Over the full depth of a vertical face +3mm
Over 10 ft length horizontally +3mm

The Contractor shall make allowance in the form work for any
camber specified by the Engineer. IF required the Contractor shall supply
to the Engineer designs or calculation for form work he proposed to use.

d) Support
Formwork shall be so designed that the sides of the beams and
slabs can be removed without disturbing the soft forms or their supports.
Props and supports shall allow accurate adjustment of the formwork
to line and level and be capable of being removed in an approved
sequence without injury to any portion of the structure.
Provision shall be made for removal of formwork without disturbing
props required for supporting hardened concrete.

e) Clean and Oiling of Forms
At the time concrete is placed in the forms, the surface of the forms
shall be free from encrustations of mortar, grout or interfere with the
fulfillment of the specification requirements relative to the finish of formed
surfaces before concrete is placed, the surfaces of the forms shall be oiled
with a commercial form oil that will effectively prevent sticking and will
not stain the concrete surface.
63

f) Removal of Forms
The formwork must be removed slowly, as the sudden removal of
wedges is equivalent to suddenly applying load to the partly hardened
concrete.
Timber, steel, cement, asphalt pots and other materials should not
be stacked on any newly constructed floor without the permission of the
Engineer.
Under average weather conditions (15C) the following table will
give a guide to the minimum periods after casting at which forms and
supports can be removed.

Forms supporting sides of beams, walls and columns. 2 days
Forms supporting secondary slabs, provided props are left in 6 days
Forms supporting main slabs provided props are left in 12 days
Forms supporting beams, provided props are left in 12 days
Props supporting secondary slabs 24 days
Props supporting main slabs 28 days
Props supporting beams 28 days

For concrete made with rapid hardening Portland cement these times may
be reduced according to the approval of the Engineer.

g) Form Ties
The material and position of any ties passing through the formwork
shall be to the Engineers approval. Any holes left after removal of ties
shall be filled with concrete of mortar of approved composition. Use of
embedded wire ties for holding forms shall not be permitted in concrete
walls to be subjected to water pressure or where the surface through
which the ties extend will be permanently exposed. Wire ties may be used
for holding forms for concrete walls where embankment is to be placed
against both sides of the wads. Wire ties shall be cut off flush with the
surface of the concrete after the forms are removed.

64

h) Proportions and quality of concrete
Four classes of concrete, defined below, shall be used in the various
items of work:
Class A - Concrete containing not less than 400kg of Portland cement per
m
3
(normal mix: 1:1:3).
Class B - Concrete containing not less than 300kg .of Portland cement per
m
3
(Normal mix: 1:2:4).
Class C - Concrete containing not less than 200kg .of Portland cement per
m
3
(Normal mix: 1:3:6).
Class D- Concrete containing not less than 150kg of Portland cement per
m
3
maximum size of aggregate 38mm (Normal mix: 1:4:8).

The minimum crushing strength of the various classes of concrete
measured on cube sample of 15x15x15cm shall be at least as follows:
Class of concrete At 7 days (kg/cm
2
) At 28 days (Kg /cm
2
)
Concrete Class A 190 280
Concrete Class B 150 210
Concrete Class C 90 140

For each grade of concrete a set of 6 cubes shall be made, three shall be
tested at an age of 7 days and three at 28 days. Where sulphate resisting
cement is used, the figures for strength given in the Table shall be
attained by 42 days.
The Engineer may order the prompt removal of any concrete work
which upon testing proves to be of inferior strength to the above
specifications and the Contractor shall follow the Engineers instructions
with regard to the above.
The Contractor will not be entitled for any payment or extension of
time for any such work.

i) Placing and Compaction for Exposed Finish Concrete
Fair-face concrete shall be placed with special care and fully
compacted with immersion vibrators where at all possible. The concrete
shad be placed in about 15cm layers and each layer compacted by means
of immersion vibrators inserted vertically at point 40cm to 50cm apart.
The: rate of concrete placing shall be kept within the capacity of the
vibrators rand no more than 10cm of un-vibrated concrete shall exist as a
65

surcharge over the vibrator at any time.

j) Hand Mixing
Where small quantities of concrete are required, the approval of the
Engineer is necessary to allow mixing by hand. The proportion of cement
should in this case always be increased by 1%, Hand mixing should be
carried out on a clean hard surface or platform to prevent dust and mud
being shoveled up with the concrete. The cement, sand and coarse
aggregate should be carefully measured in their correct proportions and
thoroughly mixed before water is added. Only sufficient water to make
the mix workable should be used, this should be sprayed from a watering
can. Mixing should continue until the color of the wet concrete is uniform.

TEST ON CONCRETE
a) General
The Engineer or his authorized representative should have the right
to determine the suitability, or otherwise of al l tests. He shall order a
reasonable number of tests to be carried out on the concrete from time to
time to verify the adequacy of the materials and the methods to produce
the required results. The Engineer may in cases of doubt order the "Test
under full load" of any portion of a completed structure to determine its
adequacy for service.
Tests concrete and its materials shall be made in accordance with
the latest IOS or British Standard Specifications. Complete records to all
tests shall be available for inspection during the progress of the work. The
Contractor shall carry out all sampling and testing to the satisfaction of
the Engineer, and costs of everything related to the tests shall be done by
the Contractor.

b) Compression Tests Concrete
This test shall be carried out for measuring the strength and
determining the quality of the concrete, on test tubes 15x15x15cm the
moulds for the test cubes shall be of steel or cast iron with the inner
surfaces perfectly square and machine faced. Timber moulds shall not be
used. Each mould shall have a metal base-plate with a true surface to
support the mould and prevent leakage. Specimens shall be made and
cured according to Standard Practice to be approved by the Engineer. The
concrete for samples shall be taken at the concrete mixer and shall be
either rammed or vibrated under similar conditions as those prevailing
during construction.

66

c) Slump Test
The concrete shall be of such consistency that it can be readily
worked into the corners and angles of the formwork and around
reinforcement without segregation of the materials or bleeding of free
water at the surface. The workability shall be controlled by direct
measurement of the water content, allowance being made for water in the
fine and coarse aggregates. On striking the formwork it shall present a
face which is free from honeycombing, pitting surface crazing, or
excessive dusting and which shall not, in the opinion of the Engineer be
inferior to the standard of finish referred to.
The consistency of concrete shall be determined by a slump test in
accordance with BS 1881 or the ASTM Standards C143/42 or equivalent.
The slump shall fall within the following limits, provided the required
strength is obtained:
Slump in cm
General building construction Min Max
For vibrated concrete 5 8
Non-vibrated concrete approved by the Engineering 7 15

d) Water - proofing of Concrete
Where required, the concrete shall be water proofed with a
compound mixture. The type of t he water proofing compound shal l be
approved by the Engineer before being used. The compound shall be used
in strict accordance with the manufactures instructions.

e) Concrete Tolerance
Positions members shall be accurate within 6mm but this tolerance
must not be cumulative. Size of members shall be accurate to within
3mm. The displacement of shuttering boards at joint shall not be
greater than 0.8mm. The displacement from straightness of members
shall be within 10mm in 12m but this tolerance must not be cumulative.
The twist in members shall not exceed 10mm in 10m but this tolerance
must are not be cumulative. Columns which are not exposed and have a
fair-face finish and those which house windows and other frames tight to
straightness to within 1.5mm.
Note: All material quality and test to RC work shall be according to clause
one of standard specification as well as the above specification or which is
better to this office.

67

PILING
General characteristics
Piles shall in general be of approved cast in-situ or precast concrete
type. The Contractor may however propose a type of pile different from
those specified herein which case, full performance and characteristics
details shall be submitted by the Contractor with his Tender for
consideration.

Cast in-situ piles
Cast in-situ piles shall in general be of the driven type. The concrete
in the pile shall be Class "C" using approved sulphate resisting cement.
The pile shall be reinforced with vertical steel reinforcement consisting of
not less than five bars spaced uniformly around the perimeters of the pile.
The cross sectional area of the vertical reinforcement shall not be less
than 1% of the total cross section of the pile. The reinforcement shall be
enclosed with spiral reinforcement which shall not be less than 6mm in
diameter and with a maximum pitch of 15cm. In addition the top 15 cm of
pile, immediately below cut off level, shall have 4 turns of spiral at 3cm
pitch. The reinforcement shall be placed at a clear distance of 7cm from
the face the pile. The vertical reinforcement shall extend a length of 1m
above the finished concrete level of the pile.
In forming the pile positive means shall be employed to assure that
the concrete shaft shall be continuous and of a minimum diameter greater
than the diameter of the forming apparatus. The pile forming apparatus
shall be driven to obtain the required working load. The reinforcement
cage shall then be lowered and the shaft shall be filled with concrete. At
al l stage of the work every precaution should be taken to prevent
wasting and the formation of voids in the concrete. During extraction of
the casing observation should be kept on the surface of the concrete to
detect any tendency towards lifting of the concrete.

PRECAST PILES
The size and type of the pile proposed for use as well as the method
of making it and description of the equipment for driving it shall be
submitted by the Contractor for approval before the award of the
Contract.
The pile should be designed cast and adequately cured to develop the
strength necessary to withstand the transporting, handling and driving
stresses without damage. The concrete should be of quality not inferior to
Class "B" and the cement used shall be sulphate resisting of an approved
type.
68

No high early strength cement shall be used.
When piles are to be driven into or through ground such as rock,
coarse gravel clay with cobbles and other soils liable to damage the
concrete at the tip of the pile, the pile shall be provided with flat or
pointed co-axial shoes. In uniform clay or sands the shoes may be
omitted. The head of pile should be protected with packing of resilient
material, care being taken to ensure that it is evenly spread and held
securely in place. A helmet should be placed over the packing and
provided with a dolly of hard wood or other material for driving the pile.
The Contractor shall drive enough trail piles to determine the length
of pile required for the different conditions on site. These trails shall be
made well ahead of pile driving proper to prevent delay in the work and
so that the Contractor will have available in good time piles of the proper
length to meet any soil conditions.

SETTING OUT AND PERFORMANCE
The Contractor shall set out and drive all piles as accurately as
possible conforming to the numbers, positions and rakes shown on the
drawings. The deviation from the axes shown on the drawings shall not
exceed 5cm at any cross section of the pile. The sequence of driving the
piles should be such as to prevent damage to any recently completed
piles where the concrete has not had time to harden sufficiently.
Test piles shall be selected by the Engineer and tested by the
Contractor to double the required working load. The arrangement of the
test shall be approved by the Engineer. Complete records of driving and
load test shall be presented to the Engineer. The pile driving record shall
show the type of hammer and the number of blows per unit length
needed to drive the pile its full length.
The test load shall be applied in increments of the working load
and reading of settlement shall be taken after each increment. The load
increment shall be maintained for at least 2 hours and until no further
settlement is noticeable on a dial gauge with 1/100mm graduations. The
total test shall be maintained such that no more than 0.5mm settlement
occurs in any 24 hours. The test load shall be removed in decrements of
the test load and rebound recorded after each l oad decrement. The
final rebound shall be recorded 24 hours after the entire test load has
been removed. The permanent settlement shall not be greater than 6mm
measured at the top of die pile.
If result of load tests or of concrete cube tests taken from the
concrete used for the pile do not meet the specifications set out here
above then the Engineer may order the refusal of the piles concerned and
the driving of replacement piles. The Engineer may at his discretion
accept the piles concerned on the basis of a lower working capacity. In
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both cases the Contractor shall furnish the replacement and/or the extra
piles entirely at his expense without the right for a claim for extension of
rime.
The Contractor shall also bear the cost of the enlargement to the
pile cap and other works made necessary by driving the replacement
and/or extra piles. Should any pile be damaged by over driving or not
conform to the tolerances of the specifications, extra pile or piles shall be
driven in its place and pile caps enlarges at the Contractors expense
unless in the opinion of the Engineer the pile is out of Plumb or place due
to the results of an underground obstruction.
Piles rejected after driving may remain in the ground at the
discretion of the Engineer and cut off as directed. When rejected piles are
withdrawn from their space, if not utilized in driving another pile, shall be
filled with gravel or broken stone without payment therefore.

CEMENT, MORTAR, PLASTERING AND RENDERING
The cement mortar shall consist of cement and sand as specified and shall
be gauged in wooden boxes in the following proportions:
Proportion of Volume
Class of work Cement Sand
Brickwork 1 3
Plastering to walls 1 3
Rendering to floors and walls of water
containing concrete
1 1

The sand shall be hard, durable, clean and free from adherent
coating such as clay and in accordance with the relevant IOS
Specification.
The cement and sand shall be mixed together dry on a clean
wooden or iron stage until the mix is perfectly homogeneous in color,
water shall be added through a rose in quantity sufficient to give no more
than a stiff workability and the mixture shall then be turned until perfectly
even consistence is obtained.
The surface of the work to be plastered, rendered or tiled shall be
thoroughly prepared before the coat or tiling is applied. The surface of the
concrete shall be cleaned of all lose material by a wire brush and shall be
thoroughly soaked with water for at least 24 hours prior to laying the tiles
and likewise the surface of the brickwork before plastering. The rendering
and plastering shall be float finished to true planes and regular curves and
70

to even and polished surface to achieve an even surface screeds shall first
be formed either with mortar or with wooden boards which shall be
removed after completion and replaced with mortar. The screeds shall be
formed with the aid of a plump bob, spirit level and the necessary rules.
Thereafter, the mortar shall be spread with a trowel between the screeds
and flattened by means of suitable rules. The finished surface shall be a
smooth flat surface free from trowel marks, great care being exercised to
avoid over toweling.
All arises shall be rounded and line able and a hollow fillet shall be
run at all internal angles. The finished plastering shall be watered six
times a day and kept thoroughly damped for a period of fourteen days
after completion. Any plastering rendering or tiling found to be hollow or
in any other way defective shall be removed and made good to the
approval of the Engineer at the expense of the Contractor.

JUSS Plastering
The surface to be plastered shall be prepared as in relevant Clauses.
A preparatory coast of 1:1 sand cement slurry shall then be applied to the
clean, wet surface by vigorous brushing and immediate stippling with a
banister brush in order to form a close textured key. Two coats of JUSS
shall be applied. The first coat shall be applied evenly and with sufficient
material and pressure to form a good bond with the brick and concrete
surface, in order to obtain a flat surface, screeds shall be used as in the
case for cement plastering. The surface shall then be rodded and floated
to a true even plain, then roughened slightly with a stiff bristled brush.
The second coat of smooth white finish shall be applied by trowel as
soon as the first coat is firmly set and before it is dry (if the first coat is
thoroughly dry, it shall be wetted evenly by brushing or spraying). As the
finish coat sets and shrinks, it shall be thoroughly and uniformity packed
and compressed by heavy scouring with the trowel. The material shall be
allowed to shrink between scouring operations, and additional water shall
be brushed on as required. The scouring shall be continued until a smooth
dense surface is obtained. Total thickness of plaster should not be less
than 2cm.
The JUSS used shall be pure calcium sulphate from the mechanical
JUSS factory in Baghdad or of equal approved quality and shall be
delivered to the site in sealed bags. Upon arrival on site it shall be stored
in dry sheds with raised floor and water proof walls and roof. All under
burnt or over burnt JUSS shall be rejected and the Contractor shall
provide facilities for each batch of material to be checked and tested on
the site or where the Engineer may direct to the satisfaction of the
Engineer.

71

BRICKS & BRICKWORK
The bricks to be employed in the construction of the building shall
be local production and factory made. They shall be of dense substance
thoroughly burnt free from flaws and salt efflorescence and true to shape.
The contractor before placing an order for bricks shall submit a sample for
the approval of the Engineer. After approval the Contractor shall hand
over the samples to the representative of the Engineer at the site of
works. The samples shall be taken in accordance with the provision of the
specifications.
In the construction of the brickwork all bed and vertical joints shall
be filled in solid as the bricks are laid and no flushing up or grouting from
the top will be permitted. All bricks shall be submerged in clean water for
one hour before being laid. Where the bricks are frogged the frog shall be
laid upwards and no four courses shall rise more than 25mm above such
four courses laid dry. The joints shall be struck to 12mm rebate as the
work proceeds to form a key where the brickwork is subsequently
plastered. All unfinished brickwork shall be cleaned and thoroughly wetted
before the new work is added. The courses shall be laid parallel in neat
close and regular joints and all perpends shall be truly kept and shall be
true in the vertical and horizontal alignments throughout. The brick work
shall break joint correctly with the underlying course and no broken bricks
or bats shall be used, it shall be carried up evenly and uniformly no one
portion being raised more than 1m above another at one time and the
whole properly bonded together . All brick work below ground level shall
be painted with cement mortar made with sulphate resisting cement.

MASONRY & MASONRY WORK
The masonry to be employed in building construction shall be dense
substance and without cracks, free of dust and salt efflorescence. The
face of the masonry must be in a regular shape. The Contractor shall
submit a sample for the approval of the Engineer. The stones should be in
regular equal strata.
The outer face joint shall be filled with 1:3 cement mortar, the
internal and external faces shall be plain and vertical, all unfinished
masonry works shall be clean and thoroughly wetted before the new work
is added.
Tying stones of length equal to the width of the wall should be laid
in its length and the least dimension of it should not be less than 20cm
tying stones shall be laid in every 50cm all height and minimum 120cm
the horizontal distance between every two stones. Tying stones should be
laid in a manner that the vertical joints in the last row should be stopped
by the row underneath. All work should be done under the supervision
and approval of the Engineer.
72

DOORS
GENERAL
Dimensions and details of doors shall be in accordance with the
drawings. Shop drawings of doors, including the method of hanging doors
on frames, shall be submitted for the written approval of the Resident
Engineer before beginning of fabrication. The hardware shall be of best
quality and all will be arranged under a master and sub master system.

Steel Doors
All steel doors and frames shall be made of mild welded without
deposition of metals and properly reinforced. Corners shall be welded
construction with all joints face welded and ground smooth. Welds must
develop the full strength of the section and all joints in face to occur over
reinforcing members.
After assembly, all metal shall thoroughly cleaned of rust, oil and
grease and given a coat of an approved rust resisting metallic primer with
filler as required. Doors and frames shall be painted with two coats of
approved oil paint, the colors of which shall be according to the
instruction of the Resident Engineer.

SLIDING FOLDING STEEL DOORS
Doors shall be double or single sliding or sliding folding type, as
specified, and shall consist of mild steel plates welded to mild steel angle
iron or channels framing and bracing.
The leaves of sliding and sliding folding doors shall be hung from
wheel ball bearing hangers operating in an overhead corrosion resisting
box type track of adequate size fixed by brackets to the lintels. The doors
shall also be provided with corrosion resisting floor channel and guides,
stops, handles, hasp and staple and bolts for fastenings track brackets
and other hardware to walls. All doors under this item shall be fitted with
a tower bolt on one side and a locking arrangement on the other, and
push and pull handles on both sides.
Doors when required shall be equipped with small hinged pass
doors for use by pedestrians. Weather proof and dust proof doors where
specified shall be fitted with weathering fabric inserted at the sides, top
and bottom. Weathering shall be carried around at leading edge to act as
wiper.

73

STEEL HINGED DOORS (DOUBLE LEAF)
All double leaf hinged doors shall be double plated, consisting of
1.5mm mild steel sheets welded to iron framing and shall be well braced.
The frames shall be of a suitable section to provide sufficient
rigidity. The hinges shall operate on bush bearing and shall be strong and
durable. The door shall be fitted with best quality flush type tower bolts
from the inside, door checks (closers) and shall have locking
arrangements of the best quality from outside. Lock sets shall be with
dead bolt operated from outside by key, inside by thumb turn and shall be
provided with fixed knobs or level handles on both sides (as specified).

STEEL HINGED DOORS (SINGLE LEAF)
The specification of this type of door shall be similar to the double
leaf hinged doors above except that no tower bolts, only one door check
(closer), and one handle on each side shall be required.

STEEL HINGED DOORS (TRIPLE LEAF STEEL & GLASS)
The dimensions of the door shall be generally according to the
drawings. Specification of steel sheets, framing and hardware shall be
similar to the double leaf, hinged doors mentioned above.

WOODEN DOORS MATERAILS
Timber
The kind of timber to be used on each stem will be stated in the
Bills of Quantities. Timber shall be well seasoned and free from serious
material defect and decay insect attack.
Plywood
Shall be 3 ply board 5mm thick, the Contractor shall furnish
samples of plywood for approval and selection of grain texture of face
plies.
Hardware
All hinges, locks and latches shall be of the best quality and the
Contractor shall furnish samples of all hardware for approval.
Method of Construction
Flush Doors: shall consist of wooden frames of uniform thickness
covered on both faces with plywood such that both sides of the door shall
be perfectly flush. The finish thickness shall not be less than 5cm
hardwood lips shall be provided to the edges. Members of the frame shall
be whitewood of no less than 30x15mm finished size, in addition,
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intermediate horizontals in rails 20x40mm shall be provided. The number
of such, rails shall be such that they cover 50% of the door area.
Outer casings or frames shall be hardwood 150x75mm fixed to
walls by three steel bags on each side. Exterior doors shall have a suitable
wooden sill, interior doors may have the wooden sill omitted and replaced
by steel tie-embedded under the floor finish. All doors shall have three
pressed steel butt hinges and metric lock of best available quality.

STEEL WINDOWS
Dimension and details of steel windows shall be in accordance with
the Drawings. All steel windows shall be constructed of mild sections of
such dimensions as to ensure proper rigidity and welded without
deposition of metals and properly reinforced, corners shall be welded
construction with all joints face welded and ground smooth, welds must
develop the full strength of the section. All open able panels should be
supplied with brass fly screen of an approved make and shall be proved
with Z section frames. Such screens should be installed in such a manner
so as not interfere with the proper operation of the window, but shall
nevertheless fully prevent entry of insects. After assembly, all metal shall
be thoroughly cleaned of rust, oil and grease then sand prepared and
given an adequate coat of rust resisting metaling primer with filler as
required, and shall receive two coats of oil paints, the color of which shall
be according to the instructions of the Resident Engineer.

GLAZING
All glass sheets for windows and/or doors shall be 4mm thick unless
otherwise stated on Drawing or by the Resident Engineer. The material
shall be locally purchased and of the best available material on the
market. Any glass chipped, cracked, scratched, broken or permanently
stained, itched or damaged in any way prior to the acceptance of the
building shall be replaced at no additional cost. Putty shall be of the
tropical type specially prepared for use with metal windows and/or doors
of a make approved by the Resident Engineer.

75

CLAUSE FIFTEEN

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

General
The section includes the design, supply, installation, testing,
commissioning and maintenance for the maintenance period of the
heating, ventilation and air-conditioning system and the hot and cold
water services for the treatment works.

Heating, Ventilation and Air Condition Systems
The following environmental standards shall be maintained:
(i) Air conditioning, including heating and cooling as required,
shall be provided in living quarters and in all areas where
operating personnel are required to attend on a permanent
basis or for relatively long periods. The basis of the design of
the equipment shall be as follows:
Ambient conditions
Summer 60C D.B
20C W.B
Winter 3C D.B.
Inside
conditions

Summer 20C ID.B.
16C W.B
Winter 20C D.B
Windows
Single glazing with metal frames
and rectilinear shading device
Plant As per equipment schedules
Outside Per person approx. (24cfm).

76

Requirements
(ii) In area where there might be high heat gain from plant (i.e.
main pump house generator room, transformer rooms), a
high rate of ventilation shall be provided. In these areas
provision shall also be made for the employment of self-
contained mobile or portable air conditioning units to provide
tolerable working conditions for plant maintenance and
checking.
It is not anticipated that space heating will be required
in any of these areas, except in the generator room, where
when on standby duty.

(iii) In other areas of lesser activity and where small items of
plant are located and in storage areas a lower rate of
ventilation shall be provided. Space heating may be provided
in some of these areas as detailed.

(iv) The Quantity of air changes per hour for each particular room
shall be dependent on room function and shall be in
accordance with present day good practice and it must not
exceed 10% by volume flow rate of air for each room.

Location Requirement schedule
Location Requirement
Administration building
Central or room air conditioning
unit with heating and cooling.
Plus
Ceiling Mounted Fans
Filter control galleries offices
Control rooms
Workshop office
Laboratories
Living rooms
Bed rooms
Guard rooms
Rooms air conditioning units with
heating and cooling
plus
Ceiling Mounted Fans
77

Toilets
Shower rooms
Kitchens
Observation Rooms
Generation Rooms
Alum Rooms and store
Chlorine Rooms and store
Ventilation
Pump Rooms
Ventilation
plus
Prevision for portable Room Air
conditioning Units Plus ceiling fans
L.T
H.T.
Switch board rooms
air conditioning units plus ceiling
fans
Transformer rooms Ventilation
Workshop area stores
Ceiling mounting fans
plus
Ventilation

Electric Motors
All electric motors and control equipment supplied under this
section shall be suitable for 400/230V three phase four wire system and
the starting requirements shall be as set out in the specification. The
motors shall be suitable for operation in a tropical climate and insulation
standards shall be class B or class F in all cases.

Space Heating
(i) The heating medium shall be electricity in all cases. The type
of heaters to be used shall be as follows:
a. Convector type heaters generally wall mounted with natural
convection, having a maximum loading of 2KW.
b. Fan assisted convection heaters wall mounted, to a maximum
loading of 3KW.
c. Convector heaters, both natural convection and fan assisted
type, shall have built in thermostats, an ON/OFF switch and
78

indicator lights.
d. Unit heaters shall have excess temperature protection
consisting of a bio-metal strip built into the heater casing it
shall be wired in the control circuit of the heater so as to
intercept the supply on an excess temperature occurring. Re
setting of the cut shall be manual.

Room Air Conditioning Units
Air conditioning units in smaller areas such as rooms in staff houses
and small offices shall be the self contained room type conditioners. They
shall be complete with quit running centrifugal fan with an air cooled
hermetically sealed compressor in a sheet steel enclosure with backed
enamel finish. Grilles shall be heavy gauge expanded metal and air filters
shall be the throw away type.
The units shall be fitted through the external wall at low level and
the external section shall be suitably weather proofed. On the inside the
internal projection maybe incorporated in a work bench or other fitment
and steps shall be taken to ensure that any hot surface are properly
insulated from the fitment.
Where heating may be required at times in the air conditioned area
an electric heater battery of the required capacity shall be built into the
air conditioning unit. Thermostatic control shall be provided by rather a
room thermostat or thermostat built into the re-circulation air path at the
unit.

Central Air Conditioning Units
Larger areas requiring air conditioning shall be served from a
central station air handling unit of adequate capacity, capable of providing
heating and cooling in the particular zone which it serves. The A.C. plant
may be the split system consisting of an air handling unit located in a
plant room adjacent to the area being served with the compressor /
condensing unit remotely located on the roof or else it may be a single
unit with combination heating and cooling, depending on the particular
circumstances.
Enclosures shall be in galvanized steel construction of suitable
rigidity with welded base assembly. Access panels shall be held in position
by quick release fasteners. Enclosures for external location shall be
suitably waterproofed and weathered against driving rain and sand
storms.
Air conditioning supply units shall be of sizes, characteristics and
capacities required and equipped with vibration isolators as recommended
by the unit manufacturer. A one piece welded drain pan shall be provided
79

under the complete fan and coil section on horizontal units and under the
complete coil section on vertical units. Drain pans shall have a drain
connection and shall have a heavy duty galvanized finish.
Fans for these units shall be double inlet multi blade centrifugal
fans, of the non overloading silent running type, with the wheels mounted
on a shaft of ample size. There shall be sufficient number of fans for each
unit to give the specified performance. Fans shall be properly connected
to the ductwork as specified, with short flexible collars of woven asbestos
properly sewed and clamped. All fans shall be given a starting and
running balance test and shall be thoroughly tested in each case, shall be
of sufficient capacity to continuously deliver the maximum specified
quantity of air through the actual resistance of the ductwork, grilles coils,
filters, etc. under normal operating conditions. The fan shaft of each unit
shall be supported by at least two bearings of self aligning type, each
bearing shall be securely attached to the casing of the unit. Insulation
shall be 25mm blanket fiber glass securely fastened to all panels with
approved adhesive. Drain pans shall be insulated with 12mm cellular
expended polystyrene girl board fastened to pan with adhesive. Seams
shall be sealed with mastic.
Coils shall be continuous aluminum plate or helically wounded
aluminum fin and copper tube type bonded by mechanical expansion.
Coils shall be designed for a maximum working pressure of 2100KN/m
2

(300psi). Chilled water type coils will be provided with connections for
convenient drainage and air venting and all connections shall be threaded.
Piping connections shall be of the solder type. All connections shall extend
through the casing and all shall be at the same side of the unit.
Each unit shall be equipped with a constant speed electric motor
with a maximum speed not to exceed 1500rpm. Each motor shall be
provided with a motor control as specified elsewhere in these
Specifications. Each unit shall be equipped with a V-belt drive of standard
manufacture. There shall be at least two belts for each unit. All drives
shall be so sized as to have sufficient capacity with one belt broken and
shall be provided with adjustable ratio sheaves and approved perforated
sheet metal belt guards, when the fan drive is outside the unit casing.
Fans shall be the backward curved, non overloading silent running,
high speed centrifugal type or axial aerofoil type. Fans shall have direction
of rotation and direction arrangement to suit space conditions. Fans
housing shall be rigidly built and braced. Where fan scroll is 500mm or
more in width, an access door shall be provided. The door shall be of the
pan type set in a raised frame so that the inner surface is flush with the
scroll.
The door and frame shall be arranged for insulation where required.
The door shall be secured to the frame by hand grip bolts, and shall be
provided with lift handles. Bearing shall be self aligning and shall not
80

cause leakage of oil or grease, cups or oil chambers must be provided in
accessible positions outside of the duct connections for easy lubrication.
All fans shall be guaranteed to fulfill the specified requirements,
without producing any noise that can be heard anywhere in the building
outside of the fan rooms and other machine spaces the Contractor and
the manufacturer will be held responsible to replace any fans found
unsatisfactory in this regard without any added cost to the Employer.
Wheels shall have ample strength they shall be statically and dynamically
balanced to avoid vibration.
Each fan and its motor drive where separately mounted shall be
supported on vibration absorbing base on top of 100mm high concrete
pad. Each fan motor shall be sized to drive its respective fan when the fan
is in operation at a speed (due to pulley adjustment) of 25% in excess of
the required to meet fan performance.
Mobile air conditioners where specified shall be similar to the fixed
units except that they will be fitted with castors. They shall have two
adjustable air outlets for the conditioned air near the trap. Axial extract
fans used shall be silent running aerofoil type directly coupled to totally
enclosed motors. Before being ordered all surely grilles and diffusers shall
be checked by the manufacturer for throw, drop and noise. All grilles and
diffusers shall be specially selected for their particular application and
designed for quite operation.
Air grilles and registers shall be fabricated from extruded aluminum
metal with rear parts finished mutt black. All supply grilles shall have an
opposed blade damper of suitable capacity fitted at the back. The
dampers shall be key-operated from the front. All outside air intakes and
air handling equipment shall be protected by air filters.
Each air handling unit shall be equipped with an air filter of
sufficient capacity and dimensions to ensure that all air passing through
the unit shall be filtered to a high standard. The filter shall be washable
tube type suitable for side withdrawal. They shall be as (Vokes) Univee 2
superfine or equal approved mounted in a purpose built holding frame to
provide an overall efficiency of 99.8% to BS 2831 No. 2 test dust. Each
fresh air intake point shall be equipped with a bank of filter cells, of
sufficient capacity to handle the volume of air. Each cell shall consist of a
single pleated sheet of handles and latches.
Each filter ban shall be equipped with an inclined draught gauge to
measure filter resistance to air flow. This gauge will be mounted in an
accessible position to enable resistance to be observed readily by
maintenance personnel.
Compressors shall be the hermetically sealed reciprocating type
with forced feed lubrication and motor winding protection. They shall be
designed for air cooled operation and shall be acoustically insulated by
means of internal anti-vibration mountings and heavy gauge shell.
81

Condenser coils shall be seamless copper tubes with aluminum plate fines
and galvanized steel and sheets. Tubes shall be mechanically expended
into fin collars to ensure maximum heat transfer efficiency. Condenser
fans shall be non overloading propeller type having totally enclosed
motors with permanently lubricated ball bearings.
The refrigerant shall be of an approved type for the particular duty
and site conditions and the refrigerant circuits shall have approved
expansion valves rather than capillary tubes. The compressor / condenser
units shall be suitable for external roof mounting.

Sheet Metal Work and Appurtenances
The Contractor shall furnish al l sheet metal work and
appurtenances required to connect all heating, ventilating and air
conditioning apparatus and ready for regular operation, including:
All casing indicated or required, all duck work from registers,
diffusers and grilles to suction and discharge sides of fans, flexible
connections between ducts and fans, and belt guards for motor drives.
The Contractor shall blank or otherwise fill all spaces around his ducts
where they pass through floors, walls or partitions, so that no holes are
left. The materials used for this purpose shall be equal in fire resistant
qualities to the construction through which the ducts pass. Care shall be
taken to prevent transmission of floor vibration to ducting.
All sheet metal work exposed to the weather or elsewhere if
indicated on drawings, shall be built substantially as shown of galvanized
iron, one gauge heavier than shown in the table below, and painted with
two coats of bitumen or approved rust resisting paint. All work shall be
properly braced, supported and secured to the building construction.
All other ductwork for conventional system, except where otherwise
specified, shall be built of best bloom galvanized iron in accordance with
the following schedule:

Larger dimension of duct Galvanized iron thickness
Up to 1500 mm 1.0mm.
1500mm to 2000mm 1.2mm
Above 2000 mm 1.6mm

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Joints in ductwork shall be as follows:
(i) Straight sections of round duct shall be formed by rolling the
sheets to the proper radius and grooving of the longitudinal
seams.
(ii) Rectangular ducts shall be constructed by breaking the
corners and grooving the longitudinal seam.
(iii) Elbows and transformation sections may be formed with
corner seams but complicated firings shall be constructed with
double seams covers.
(iv) Transverse joint connections, etc. shall conform with the
current recommendations of the Chartered Institute of
Building Services of England.

Ducts shall be braced as follows:
Larger dimensions of duct Size of bracing
angle
Distance between
bracing angles
Above 600mm to 1000mm 25mmx25mmx3mm 1.2m
Above 1000mm 40mmx40mmx5mm 0.6m

Angle bracing shall be of galvanized steel or painted with rust
resisting paint and shall be carried out on all four sides of ducts.
All ductwork which is to be insulated and is over 900mm in the
larger dimension, all un insulated ductwork over 1350mm in larger
dimension shall have angle iron running along the length of the duct along
the center of the wider dimension, which shall be of the same size as the
four angles. This shall be used for additional stiffeners and to prevent the
sagging of the wide ducts.
Galvanized iron ducts up to 900mm in width shall be suspended by
means of galvanized iron straps securely fastened to the angle iron
bracing or the slip connection. Ducts above 900mm shall be suspended by
galvanized angle iron hangers of same size as bracing angles. Hangers
shall not be more than 2.5m apart. Ducts shall be built with curves and
bends, where necessary to affect an easy flow of air.
All duct corves an inside radius smaller than the width of the curve
shall be equipped with approved single thickness varies. Vertical ducts
shall have full size bends where horizontal branches are taken off unless
shown to the contrary. Where square elbows are used in changing
direction the Contractor shall furnish and install suitable designed duct
turns only approved aerodynamically correct vanes will be considered for
approval.
A substantially constructed manual volume damper or the butterfly
83

or multiple blade type (200mm maximum blade width) shall be provided
in every branch duct of every conventional duct system. Each damper
shall be equipped with a locking quadrant of heavy construction, with
approved operating and locking devices, mounted outside the duct in an
accessibly position. Registers as hereinafter specified shall be set behind
supply air grilles.
Install automatic main dampers of louver pattern in air inlet ducts,
discharge ducts from return and / or exhaust fans, etc. These dampers
shall be generally provided by the manufacturer of the automatic
temperature control system and shall be as specified hereinafter. Volume
control and modulating dampers shall be of the opposed blade type.
The Contractor shall arrange his ductwork to receive automatic
dampers and shall set the same in place. The Contractor shall provide and
affix a brass tag on each balancing and volume damper, indicating the
area to which its duct runs. Where ducts pass through fire break walls fire
dampers shall be installed in all ducts where required. Dampers shall be
3.5mm steel plate mounted to turn freely, in steel plate frame inserted in
duct, proportioned and weighed to closed at once if released from link and
provided with spring catches to hold closed until manually reset. Dampers
and frames shall have suitable eyes and standard fusible links rated at
93C normally holding them open but releasing upon contact. Access
doors of ample size for resetting the dampers shall be provided in the
ductwork. Suitable flameproof connections shall be furnished and installed
on all suction and discharge connections of fans and air conditioning unit,
for preventing the transmission of vibration through the ducts to occupied
spaces. Flexible connections shall be of suitable weight and composition
for the static pressure developed.
All air conditioning supply ducts including fresh air intake to units
shall be insulated. The insulation shall be rigid fiberglass slab 20mm thick
with a suitable finish for painting over. Joints shall be with a suitable
adhesive tape. The slabs shall be fixed in position by means of mechanical
fasteners at 300mm centers or else by use of an approved and suitable
adhesive.

Testing
The heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems are to be
tested for air quantities, capacities and horsepower. Air quantities are to
be obtained by anemometer and volume meter reading. Each of the
system shall be tested by the Pitot tube method. Two reading shall be
made, one at the suction side of the fan and one on the discharge side.
The Contractor shall make and record the following tests:
1 Air volumes at each supply, return and exhaust outlet
2 Total air handled by each supply fan
3 Total return air to each supply fan
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4 Total air handled by each exhaust fan
5 Total static pressure each fan
6 Motor speed, fan speed and input ampere reading each fan
7 Average velocity on intake and discharge sides of each fan

The heating and cooling coils for each system shal l be tested and the
following data taken and tabulated:
1 Average velocity over intake side of each coil face.
2 Entering air conditions to each heating coil (D.B and W.B.).
3 Entering air conditions to each cooling coil (D.B and W.B.).
4 Leaving air conditions from each heating coil (D.B and W.B).
5 Leaving air conditions from each cooling coil (D.B and W.B).

All tests shall be supervised by the Engineers Representative. The
Contractor shall provide all required instruments and labor.
Should the contractor refuse or neglect to make any tests necessary to
satisfy the engineer or his representative that he has carried out the true
intent and meanings of the specifications, the employer may make such
tests and charge the expense thereof to the contractor.
Schedule of Technical Particulars to be supplied by Tenderer.
The Tenderer shall supply a full description of the proposed system
including:
Design calculations
Technical specifications
Manufacturer of equipment
Manufacturers type No.

85

CLAUSE SIXTEEN
Water Services

This section covers the complete service water supply system and
includes:
(i) The service water pumps, controls and water pressuring
arrangements.
(ii) The service water distribution pipe work including the ring
main around the water works complex with connection mains
to the cold water storage tanks in the raw water pump house,
filter building, treated water pump house, chemical building,
administration building, power building, garage workshop,
guard house, observation posts and the engineers and
operators houses together with all necessary valves and
fittings complete as shown on the drawings.
(iii) Hot and cold water plumbing including al l stopcocks, hot and
cold water storage tanks, water heaters, drinking water
chillers and internal plumbing pipe work to HAVC units and
sanitary fittings and all else necessary for the complete
plumbing including hot and cold for the treatment works.

External pipe work shall be in Ductile Iron pipe work to comply with BS
4772 complete as shown on the drawings.
Internal pipe work within the buildings shall be in galvanized steel
tubing to comply with BS 1387 Joints shall be threaded.
Water storage shall be provided at high level in buildings as indicated
on the drawings. Storage tanks shall be in galvanized mild steel to comply
with BS 417 or molded PVC in accordance with BS 4213. The Contractor
shall also provide suitable supports, removable tank cover and high
pressure ball cock and overflow pipe to each tank. Water heaters shall be
electrically operated and shall generally be the self contained cistern type
suitable for wall mounting. They shall be complete with a small built in
tank with high pressure ball cock and overflow outlet.
Water heaters shall have capacities set out in the drawings. The
electric loading of the heaters shall be approximately 2KW per 100 liter of
water capacity. Heaters serving individual wash basins shall be the under
sink type located under the basin. These shall generally have a loading of
2KW per 20 liter of water capacity. Valves shall be gate type with bronze
bodies and non rising spindles stop cocks shall be provided at all branches
of the ring main. They shall be key operated, of cast iron construction and
shall be installed about 400mm below ground surface. A concrete
enclosure with a cast iron cover shall be provided over the stopcock.
86

Any hot water outlet which is further than 10m away from the hot
water source shall be served with a circulating pipe work system. The
circulation shall be provided by an electrically driven pump which shall be
of adequate capacity, to ensure that the temperature drop along the pipe
loop shall not exceed 5C. The pump shall be designed for hot water
circulation and have an impeller of bronze or stainless steel.
All pipe work shall be suitable for a working pressure of 350KN/m
2

(50psi) and shall be tested to double this pressure. It shall maintain this
pressure for a period of eight hours without any noticeable drop and any
leaks shall be made good at the Contractors expense. Tests shall be
witnessed by the purchaser or his representative and due notice shall be
given to the purchaser of the tests taking place so as to arrange
attendance on site. The treatment plant water serves system shall
comprise a supply main of not less than 100mm.
In addition to above the following will be supplied:
1 1.5 dia. in supply to the alumina dosing tanks.
2 10 No. dia. external stand pipes in the surroundings of the
pumping station.
3 6 No. 1 dia. for each clarifier sprinklers traversing the periphery of
the embankment to the clarifying tanks and 10 No. for the ground
filtered water storage tank.
4 1 dia. pipe for each operator house, workshop, sludge pit.
5 dia. for guard house.
Note: In case the L.L. is in a separate site a 75mm dia. will feed the L.L.
site by using 4m
3
pressed steel roof tank with the required high pressure
ball valve with overflow and under drain arrangement. The tank will feed the
service network as well as shaft lubrication and cooling system, and all
buildings and gardens.
A similar system as for treatment plant shall be provided for the
Booster Stations. Pressed steel tank of a size not less than
4.88x2.44x1.22m deep with thickness of 4.76mm shall be erected at the
upper roof of the filter building connected to water. Services for the
supply of water to treatment plant during plant shut down hours. The
same with a size 3.66x1.22xl.22m for Low Lift site and Booster Station
constructed at the roof of pump house building.
Also water services to all other buildings are required. At Booster
Station as follows:
1) 8 Nos. dia. external stand pipe in the surrounding of pumping
station and GST
2) " to operator house
3) 1" to pump house
4) " to guard house
5) " to power house
87

The service shall be connected to the supply main through ferrule
cocks and stop cocks and bib cocks fitted to the services in the normal
requirements. The bib cocks to the external stand pipe shall be suitable
for house connection.

88

CLAUSE SEVENTEEN

STEEL TANKS

A- STEEL ESTs WITH FOUNDATIONS
The elevated services tanks to be erected shall have capacity and
height from ground level to low water level, as indicated in Basic Data.
The tanks shall be supplied with peripheral walkway and shall be
supported on vertical circular stanchions ventilators shall be provided to
the tanks with outer ends fitted with removable wire wool strainers or
other suitable device for the purpose of arresting the entry of dust in the
normal breathing of the tank at times of prevailing storms. The manhole
covers shall be hinged and secured in there closed position by butterfly
nuts and dust proof in their fitting.
The supply pipes shall be fitted at top water level with floating
control valves of the streamline type with stilling device and shall be
suitable in size for the rate of discharge at low friction head loss.
The structure shall be designed to withstand a maximum wind gust
of 180km/hr and seismic loads as follows:
The total lateral seismic force due to an earth quake is 0.017955 W
left Euphrates zone excluding west desert, the area between the two
rivers including west desert should be 0.03591 W and 0.04788 W for the
rest of Iraq. W is total (dead and life) loads.
The RC foundation shall be of 1:2:4 mixture with sulphate resisting
cement of superficial area in concord with Clause as specified and shall
coated with not less than two layers of best quality asphalt coating. The
lower ends of supply, delivery and overflow pipes shall be each fitted with
duck foot bend at reformed ground level and invert of the pipes shall be
5m outside the periphery of the tank at a depth 1.2m below ground level
using two 90 bends for respectively connecting to the pumping mains
and distribution mains to be laid by the Contractor as hereinafter specified
and delivery pipe will be connected to the bolted gland flexible jointed
cast iron distribution main with the required sluice valve according to dia.
Clause. A bypass 1m above ground level across each tank between the
supply and delivery mains of same dia. shall be provided with necessary
valves for employment when the tank is out of service for repairs and
maintenance. Also a non-return valve shall be provided in the delivery
pipe before the bypass. The intimate terminal point of the delivery main
from the tanks shall be fitted with a bolted gland flexible jointed socket
piece suitable for connection to be like dia. distribution mains as
aforesaid. The Contractor will be required to submit the followings:
a) Signed certificate from the manufacturer confirming the proper
89

erection of the tanks as required by the manufacturer.
b) Test certificate of internal coating of the tanks.
c) A detailed calculation for the design of the tanks (shells, columns,
type of welding, plate characteristics, etc.) with the offer of the
tank. Min Rust thickness shall be 5mm.
d) An X-Ray test should be done on welding points and a certificate of
proper work should be submitted by the Contractor to DGW
representative during the construction of the tanks.
e) An automatic alarm for the purpose of warning the guard when the
ESTs have been filled and the float valve in the tanks have closed.
In principle the alarm shall be based on the increase in head which
will build up in the pumping mains to ESTs when the float valves
close and the flow in the mains ceases. Bordon type pressure
gauges confirming to BSS shall register the pressure increase and
be arranged to sound electric horn in the guard room with canceling
switch. This system will be in addition to the system mentioned in
other clauses.
f) There shall be two red airplane warning flushing lights operating on
48V with 50 bulbs spare on top of each tank with miniature circuit
breaker in a box situated outside the guard room. The cable feeding
the lights will be drawn in a PVC conduit and the fitting at the top of
the tank will be fully isolated from the tank structure lightning
system and earthed properly arranged. Also the whole structure will
be suitably earthed by means of a separated system of not less
than 5 earthling points.

The overflow pipes with bell mouth shall outfall at a point as indicated
in Basic Data. The scour pipe with a dia. not less than 200mm shall be
connected to the overflow pipe. Sluice valves with hand wheels shall be
fitted to the supply, delivery and scour pipe in the normal control 1m
above ground level. The tanks shall be complete with internal and
external ladders and with target type water level indicators. The external
ladder to the tanks itself shall be of the revolving type for welded tanks
and fixed for pressed steel tanks. The external ladder of the tower with
guards from the ground shall have three landing platforms with railing
suitably placed. Hand railing of 75cm height shall be provided to the tanks
platform. The tanks should have 3 coats of oil paint according to civil
defense regulations. Valves of dia. larger than 250mm will be gear type.
The supply, delivery and overflow pipes should be the same dia. as
feeding pumping mains. The length of the overflow line must be as
indicated in Basic Data. Area beneath EST shall be formed in concrete
sl ab of not less than 15cm and sloped to the outside. The dimensions of
this slab will be 2m more than the foundation of the tank from all sides.
90

Probe or cap active level measurement with transmitter and wire
connection to the treatment plant control board shall be provided and also
a telephone in the guard room to connect the tank and Treatment Plant in
the same telemetry cable with the required power supply AC and DC
arrangement (KW meter, CB, etc.).
If the Contractor desires to quote for tanks of different shape, the
description and price of alternative tanks shall be given in the forwarding
letter of the Tender otherwise his tender will not be considered.

B- Welded Steel ESTs
The tank shall be formed in welded steel plated with domed top and
dished invert and with well rounded shoulders and hips.

C- Pressed Steel ESTs
The tank shall be formed in pressed steel plates of not less than
6mm thick and mounted on a tower with grillage framed in rolled steel
sections and shall be divided into two equal compartments for the
purpose of independent operation at times of maintenance and repair.
The roof shall be formed in chambered steel sheets not less than 3mm
thick supported on steel trusses.

91

CLAUSE EIGHTEEN

Suction Well, Suction Mains and Intake Structure

A- Suction Mains and Suction Well
Each low lift pump shall have a separate suction main which shall be
formed in ductile iron pipes of a dia. as indicated in Basic Data with
strainer. The suction well shall be made of reinforced concrete 1:1:3
with sulphate resisting cement and shall be divided into two equal
compartments for independent operation. The dimensions of each
compartment shall be according to Basic Data excluding inlet and outlet
compartment.
The well shall be closed at bottom and fed by channel or ductile iron
pipes. The inlet to the feed channel or pipes shall be protected by coarse
screen bar of spacing not more than 100mm with manual racking arm
include at 45 and fixed to concrete head walls with aprons and with
concrete step for ease of maintenance. The inlets and outlets to the well
shall be fitted with penstocks operated from a platform at the top of the
well. The top of the well shall be 75cm above the reformed ground level
or the highest water level which is higher, and invert of the well shall be
1.5m below lowest low water level in the river. To facilitate the
maintenance of inlets a concrete stair of 1m, wide shall be made on the
river bank towards the inlets. The mains between the well and the pump
and filter house shall be laid at true rising grade not less than 1/200 and
shall be bedded through their lengths in concrete 1:2:5 mixture of
15cm thick and 1m base width.
The base of the well shall be sloped towards one end and a
submersible pump with non-clogging impeller with a suitable capacity
shall be provided to pump the settled silt when required for each
compartment. External and internal steel ladders with extended hand
holds and walkway with handrails around the section well shall be
provided. The foot valves to the suction pipes shall be free connecting
with rubber seating to the doors and fitted with galvanized steel strainers.
The contractor shall be responsible for supplying all materials required to
carry out the work. An arrangement shall be made to flush the strainers,
feeding pipe mains and the well from the delivery mains of the high lift
pumps and for this purpose a bypass from the delivery main to the
feeding pipes shall be provided. The pipe dia. shall be not less than
150mm.
An outlet not less than 75mm with ball valve and flexible hose not
less than 10m long shall be provided for cleaning the well. All the above
pipes where laid within the ground shall be bolted gland ductile iron pipe.
When the pipes are laid above the ground or in the steel structure, they
92

shall be flanged ductile iron pipes. Pipes with Tyton joints are not
acceptable. The Contractor shall make arrangements to direct the water
in the river towards the project by making diversions in the current of the
water if required, and rip raping the embankment for a distance of 200m
along the project area.

B- Suction Mains
Each low lift pump shall have a separate suction formed in flexible
jointed pipes to be used conforming to BSS 4772 and ISO 2531kq. The
lining of these pipes shall be the same as specified for the filtered water
rising mains.
The inlet to the suction mains shall be located at the depth of water
in the river at lowest low water permits a depth of not less than 0.6m
above the top of the strainer. The mains shall be laid on a true rising
grade of not less than 1/200 and shall be bedded throughout their length
in 1:2:5 concrete of 15cm thick and 1.2m width. The excavation of the
pipe trench extending from the pump house to a point where the depth of
cover has become reduced at 0.9m shall be carried to a depth of 0.3m
below the level of the bottom of the pipes.
The pipes throughout this section shall be supported in the first
instance on brick stools of 0.3m height at the bank of each joint. On
completion of the laying and jointing of this section the pipes exclusive of
the joints shall be semi-surrounded with concrete of 1:2:5 mixture
extending from the bottom of the trench to the horizontal diameter of the
pipes. The pipes shall be central in this semi-surrounded which shall be of
a base width of 1.2m for each. The further section of the mains extending
from the terminus of the aforementioned suction to and inclusive of the
suction head shall be supported and fixed at a suitable intervals not
exceeding 2.5m from each other on and to an angle iron cross member to
the required No. of rows of 10"x8" RSJ vertically driven hard and firm into
the invert of the bed of river by a hydraulic monkey of suitable weight.
For the purpose of pricing his tender the Contractor shall assume an
embedded depth of the piles of 5m which shall be subject to a plus or
minus adjustment in accordance with the rates set out by him in the
Schedule of price. The tops of the piles shall be cut off flush with the top
of pipes and an arrangement for a walkway leading the end of the suction
mains shall be provided at a level 300mm above the highest high water
level with handrails and galvanized open mesh grills from the
embankment along the structure and around the bulkhead below. A
substantial bulwark shall be provided to the suction head in safeguard
against impingement by river craft. The height of this structure shall be
2m above the walkway level complete with a monorail and chain block for
lifting the suction pipe and strainer. To preclude the sibling of the mains
during periods of high silt content of the river provision shall be made for
93

backwashing of the mains from the pumping main to the spring loaded
relief valve fitted to the other end of each main.
The discharge iron and valves shall be directed on the strainers at
an angle. The foot valves shall be free acting with rubber seating to the
doors and fitted with galvanized steel strainers. A conspicuous beacon
cage and mask with suitable electrical intermittent red flushing lights shall
be erected on the bank of the river at the point of the intersection of the
suction mains for the precautionary purpose of warning the river craft of
the location of the suction main extending within the river.
All the above pipes where laid within the ground shall be bolted
gland ductile iron pipes. When the pipes are laid above the ground or on
the steel structure they shall be flanged ductile iron pipe. Pipes with Tyton
joints are not acceptable. The Contractor shall submit detailed design for
the intake structure taking into consideration water velocity and all
precautions from floating subjects during high water level and floating
season, such as trees, dead animals, etc.
The clear distance between suction pipes on the intake structure
shall be not less than 1.5m.
Puddle flanges shall be manufactured from the same material as the
pipe work of which they form part and shall be to the approval of the
Engineer.
All pipe work shall be color coded in accordance with BS 1710 to
facilitate identification. Each valve shall have securely attached to it a
large label identifying it by number and designating its function.
Standard special pipes and medium bends shall be used wherever
possible in the layout.

C- INTAKE STRUCTURE
The intake structure shall be constructed according to drawing from
reinforced concrete. The pump sump (Basement) shall be designed as a
water tight structure in two compartments for independent operation
during maintenance with bypass arrangement controlled by a 2 Nos.
sluice valves.
The floor of the (Basement) shall be sloped to one corner with a
sump to pump accumulated settled sludge to the river using duplicated
submersible pumps. The Basement shall have access ladder and lighting.
The channel from river to the intake Basement shall be constructed
according to the drawing from reinforced concrete the contractor is
responsible to make a full hydraulic study to design the final shape of the
channel.
Rip raping along the shoulder of the river for a distance of 50m
from each side of the channel to protect the structure and to direct the
94

water to the channels. The Contractor shall make all necessary
arrangement to minimize the problem of settling of the suspended maters
at the channel bar during high turbidity seasons by using submerged
scraping device.
Fence along the side of the intake channel shall be provided. Bar
screens shall be hand raked type manufactured from rectangular section
mild steel. Fixing lugs and bolts shall be manufactured from stainless
steel provision for conversion to mechanical rack in the future is required.
The head loss across the screen shall be monitored by means of an
(air purge) system. The equipment to be provided shall include dip tubes
on both the upstream and downstream side of the screen, air compressor,
mercury manometer, electrical probes, switches, contacts oelags and
amplifiers, etc. required. The general design of the building shall be in
accordance to clauses as specified.

95

CLAUSE NINETEEN

PIPE WORK AND FITTINGS

General
The types of pipe work to be supplied and laid are as indicated in
Basic Data. When pipe work passes through an external wall of a building
below ground level, the Contractor shall supply puddle flanges cast on the
pipe or formed by bolting two flanges back to back for building in (Bolt-
on) puddle flanges will not be acceptable.

Pipe work, Fittings, Valves, etc
1- Ductile Iron Pipes, Fittings, Valves etc.
a) Pipes and fittings
Ductile iron pipes and fitting shall be manufactured, tested etc. in
accordance with international Standard Organization ISO 2531.
In addition to the requirements of ISO 2531, each pipe and Fitting
shall have legibly cast, stamped, or indelibly painted on it the following
marks as appropriate:
(i) The class designation of pipes
(ii) The angle of bends in degrees
(iii) The length in mm

Pipes shall be Class K9 and lined internally with a sulphate resisting
cement mortar to ISO 4179. Pipes shall be protected externally by a
sprayed zinc coating followed by the specified bituminous coatings.

Tees shall be Class K14.

All other fitting shall be Class K12 flanges should be drilled
minimum MPIO fittings shall be lined internally and externally by dipping
in non toxic epoxy type coating material followed on the exterior only by
the specified bituminous coating. Spigot and socket joints shall be of an
approved (push in) type incorporating an anchored rubber joints ring. The
joints shall be leak tight and sufficiently flexible to allow up to 2
deflection.
Bolted gland joints shall be of an approved (mechanical) type
incorporating 1 No. gland with bolts and a rubber joint ring. The joints
shall be leak tight and sufficiently flexible to allow for angular deflection.
96

Anchored joints shall be of the mechanical spigot and socket type
incorporating a locking ring around the spigot end of the pipe.
The anchored joints shall prevent the joints pulling out and resist
the longitudinal thrust forces on any fitting in the pipeline at the site test
pressure.
The anchored joints shall retain the facility for some deflection and
shall be suitable in all other respects for use in pressure pipelines.
The joint rings shall be natural or synthetic rubber.
Flanged joints shall be machine faced and drilled.
Flanged and gland bolts for installation within buildings shall be
stainless steel bolts. Flange bolts for buried flanges shall be cadmium
plated to BS Class A. Flange gaskets shall be either corrugated molded
rubber conforming to BS 2494. Flange gaskets shall cover the full face of
the flange and hence be located in position by the flange bolts.

B) Wedge Gate Valves
(i) For water supply systems
Wedge gate valves shall be manufactured, tested etc. in accordance
with British Standard BS 5163
Wedge gate valves shall be (waterworks pattern) clockwise closing
complete with gunmetal faces and inside screw, non rising forged
manganese bronze spindles. The valves shall be suitable for installation in
buried pipelines and for operating in a terminal position.
Flanges shall be machine faced and drilled according to the required
test pressure plus 3 bars. Stem seals shall be of the stuffing box and
gland type.
Wedge gate valves shall be suitable for operation by removable tee
key and all necessary reduction gearing suitable for buried valves is to be
provided to limit operating torque to mot more than 70KN-m.
A squared valve cap shall be provided for each valve or extension
valve spindle and shall be secured by a non ferrous hex ago in headed set
screw.
Extension valve spindles shall be stainless steel. Spindle guide
brackets shall be cast iron with a bronze bush and shall be supplied with
12mm diameter non ferrous expanding bolts insulating washers and
sleeves.
Surface boxes for tee key operated wedge gate valves shall be of
cast iron with a chained lid with bayonet joint and spindle guide suitable
for installation inroads.

97

ii) For Compressed Air System
Isolating valves shall be cast iron wedge and double disc valves
manufactured, tested etc. in accordance with BS 5150.

C) Butterfly Valves
Butterfly valves shall be clockwise closing of the U-section water or
double flanged (tight shut off) type, manufactured and tested in
accordance with BS 5155.
Valves are to be complete with resilient sealing faces and suitable
for installation in horizontal buried pipelines.
Flanges shall be machine faced and drilled according to the required
test pressure plus 3 bars.
Butterfly valve flanges shall be supplied for individual or through
bolting for valves up to and including 600mm and individual bolting for
valves 700mm diameter and above. Butterfly valves are not to be
supplied with flanges tapped for individual bolting using stud bolts except
where the shaft housing prohibits through bolting.
The disc axis shall be horizontal and by an arrangement of gears
the valve shall be operated by means of a vertical spindle.
Butterfly valves shall be suitable for operation by removable tee key
and all necessary reduction gearing suitable for buried valves shall be
provided to limit operating torque to not more than 70KN-m.
A squared valve cap shall be provided for each valve or extension
valve spindle and shall be secured by a non ferrous, hexagon headed set
screw.
Extension valve spindles shall be stainless steel. Spindle guide
brackets shall be cast iron with a bronze bush and shall be supplied with
12mm diameter non-ferrous expanding bolts insulating washers and
sleeves.
Surface boxes for tee key operated butterfly valves shall be cast
iron with a chained lid with bayonet j oi nt and spindle suitable for
installation in roads.

D) Penstocks
Penstocks shall be manufactured to standard patterns as specified
on the drawings and from the following materials:

98

Frames and doors
Close grained cast iron
minimum Grade 14 to BS 1452
free from Blowholes and other
defects
Spindles (to be non rising) forged manganese bronze
Operating Nuts.
Gunmetal Grade LG 2 to BS
1400
Circular Seating Faces up to
600 mm dia.
Gunmetal Grade LG 2 to BS
1400
Circular seating faces greater
than 600mm and all
rectangular seating faces
Phosphor Bronze

Wedges shall be adequate in number to support the door and shall
be of large bearing area with phosphor bronze facings.
Guide rails shall receive the door once it has started to open.
Clearance within the guides shall be a minimum to prevent vibration of
the door under flow conditions. A taper roller bearing shall be provided to
take thrust from the spindle.

E) Ball Valves
Regulating valves for compressed air systems shall be ball valves
manufactured, tested, etc. in accordance with BS 5159.
Strainers shall be provided before control valves.

F) Check (Non return or Reflux) Valves
Check valves shall be of the (free acting) swing type, doors shall be
of solid gunmetal with integral face, and gunmetal seating.
The door hinges shall be formed from stainless steel bar through
integral lugs on the door with low friction water lubricated bearings of
thermo-setting plastic material in gunmetal housing.
All parts shall be accessible for maintenance. Valves up to 450mm
diameter shall have a bolted cover. Large diameter valves shall be formed
in two valves. Lifting ring(s) shall be provided on the casing.
Horizontal check valves up and including 450mm diameter shall be
single door, up to 900mm double door, up to 1200mm triple door and up
to 1500mm the middle door shall be divided into two making four doors in
99

all.
Vertical check valves up to and including 450mm diameter shall be
single door, larger diameter valves shall be triple door.

G) Air Valves
Air valves shall be double orifice type to suit a maximum working
pressure as required. Valves shall have a cast iron small orifice plate with
gunmetal seat, the other having a cast iron large orifice plate with rubber
seat. The valves shall be supplied with rubber gaskets and cast iron
splash covers.
Surface boxes for air valves shall be of cast iron and suitable for
installation in roads and of the following size:
i) For 150mm diameter double air valves, 900mm by 900mm clear
opening with two piece chained lid
ii) For 150mm diameter single air valves, 900mm by 600mm clear
opening with two piece chained lid
iii) For 100mm diameter air valves, 700mm by 400mm clear
opening with one piece chained lid

H) Hydrostatic Sludge Draw off Valves
Hydrostatic sludge draw off valves shall be of the direct lift type.
They shall include a cast iron pillar (head stock) and rising forged
manganese bronze spindle attached to a stainless steel bridge across the
bell mouth.
APVC tube shall connect the bell mouth to the lower cast iron
cylinder and slide inside it through inland bronze guide rods shall be used.

I) Pipeline Strainers for Water Systems
Pipeline strainers shall be Y type single strainers fitted where shown
on the drawings. The casing shall be cast iron with flanged connections
and the screens shall be stainless steel with perforations to suit the water
being handled.

2) Steel Pipes, Fittings, Valves, etc.
a) Pipes and Fittings
Steel pipes shall be fabricated, tested etc. in accordance with BS
3601 and 534. The minimum tensile strength of the steel shall be
360N/mm
2
.
The required grade and thickness of steel together with type and
100

strength of pipe shall be as required.
Steel pipes and fittings for installation within structures shall be
lined internally dipping in non toxic-epoxy type coating material and
externally together with fiberglass cathodic protection required and the
Contractor shall carry a full soil test for al l pipelines. Welded places
should be re-coated after welding. Stainless steel tubes shall be
manufactured tested, etc. in accordance with BS 3014 or BS 3605 as
appropriate.
Galvanized steel tubing shall be heavy weight BS 1387 with screwed
ends connections screwed and socketed or flanged. Union joints or
flanged joints shall be made on connections to valves, branches, plant
and equipment and where necessary for ease of erection and where
shown on the drawings. Unions shall be Navy pattern with two bronze
seats and screwed BS 21 taper thread.
Flanges shall be galvanized screwed on pattern to BS10 Table E
machined across face and screwed and expanded on to the pipe. Joints
shall be made with 3mm thick approved compressed asbestos joint rings.
Bolts nuts and washer shall be galvanized mild steel.
Screwed pipe fittings shall be galvanized malleable iron banded
fittings to BS 21 screwed BS pipe thread. Screwed joints shall be made
with best quality hemp and boss white or PTFE tape or equal and
approved jointing compound.
Black mild steel tubing shall be heavy weight to BS 1387. Pipes of
diameter exceeding 175mm and diesel fuel pipes shall be seamless to BS
3610 or 806. Slip on flanges shall be neck and bore welded and shall be
machined across the face. Pipe work shall be screwed and socketed or
butt welded throughout with union joints or flanged joints on connections
to valves branches, plant and equipment where necessary for ease of
erection and where shown on the drawings. Welded fittings shall be to BS
1965:1953 or BS 1640:1953 and long radius welding elbows shall be
used. Unions shall be malleable iron Navy-pattern with two bronze seats
with ends screwed to a BS 21. Screwed fittings for diesel oil pipe lines
shall be black malleable iron with ends screwed to BS 21. Screwed fittings
for compressed air pipelines shall be wrought iron to BS 1740 or steel
tubular to BS.1387.
Flanges shall be welded to the pipes and shall be to BS 10 Table (E)
machined across face. Joints shall be made with 3mm compressed
asbestos joints rings or other approved jointing material. Bolts shall be
black mild steel of sufficient length and diameter to suit the flange
application. Long screw connectors and bushes shall not be used.
Branches off mains shall be made with purpose made welding
branch fittings where position and shall be easy sweep pattern except
where required for draining and venting. Where the size of the branch is
outside the range of branch fittings available the branch shall be formed
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from piping carefully formed and shaped for connection.
Branches of equal size to the main pipe shall be made with an
approved from of reinforcement. Holes cut into the main for branches
shall be carefully shaped so that there is no restriction to the flow.
Valves and plug for chlorine gas pipe work shall be to BS 341 with
thread to BS 919. The Tenderer shall allow for supply pipe work and
fittings to match the standard in use by the Employer. Spiral welded steel
pipe shall be manufactured according to API-5 Ls standard. The grading
shall be closed according to pressure required.

B) Flange Adaptors
Flange adaptors shall be manufactured in steel or malleable cast
and shall comprise 1 No. flange with sleeves spigot, 1 No. gland with bolts
and 1 No. wedge shaped rubber joint ring. All steel components including
bolts, shall be (hot dip) galvanized after fabrication.
The flange adaptors shall be suitable for a maximum sustained
operating pressure of at least 20bar.
The flange shall be machine faced and drilled according to the
required test pressure plus 3bars.

C) Flexible Couplings
Flexible couplings for jointing spigots shall be manufactured in steel
or malleable cast iron and shall comprise 2 No. glands with bolts, 1 No.
sleeves without a central register and 2 No. wedge rubber joint rings.
All steel components including bolts shall be (hot dip) galvanized
after fabrication. Flexible couplings shall be of the long sleeves type
supplied without central registers.
The couplings shall be suitable for a maximum sustained operating
pressure of at least 20bar.

D) Hydro Pneumatic Accumulators for Alum Dosing System
Hydro pneumatic accumulators shall have nitrite rubber separator
bladder and seals, terminating in a stainless steel grid assembly. The
accumulators shall have PN type lithcoted shells and shall be suitable in
all other respects for use with 70% concentrated solutions of aluminum
sulphate and working pressures up to 12bar.

E) Stop Gates
Stop gates and frames shall be fabricated from mild steel plate
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rolled steel sections and individual gates shall be suitable for (off seating),
(on seating) or (off and on seating) pressures. Each gate shall be
designed to withstand the full unbalanced pressure of the total depth from
channel invert level to the top of the topmost gate with a factor of safety
of at least 3. The gate shall be sealed against the guides and sill by PVC
sealing strip damped to all four sides and on both faces of the gate.
Rubber materials shall not be used.
Leakage rate shall not exceed 0.2 liters/second/meter length of
seal.
The guides and sill shall be manufactured from mild steel section
with stainless steel sealing faces. The guides shall be supplied in suitable
lengths for either grouting into the walls and floor channels or bolting to
the face of walls.
(On seating) or (off seating) gates shall have integral equalizing
penstocks of valves. The initial lifting action shall open the penstock
allowing the level to equalize on each side of the gate. The penstocks
shall close automatically.
Lifting beams with integral chain sling shall be provided for raising
and lowering the gates.
The beam shall fit into and be positioned by the guides and shall be
adjustable to cater for different width of gate.
The beam shall automatically engage for lifting disengagement shall
be achieved by subsidiary control ropes.
Sufficient stands shall be supplied to accommodate all stop gates to
supply stacked in a vertical position. The design of the stand shall be such
that no pressure bears on the sealing strips.
Tenderers shall include in their prices for the supply of a jig for the
assistance in locating the guides prior to concreting.
Where specified all necessary structural frames required to support
motorized hoists for raising and lowering the gates shall also be supplied.

3) Un-plasticized PVC Pipes, Fittings, Valves, etc.
a) Pipes and fitting
Un-plasticized PVC pressure pipes shall comply with the relevant
requirements of BS 3505 Joints and fittings for pressure pipes in
accordance with DIN 8061/8062 shall comply with the relevant
requirements of DIN 19532 solvent welded not acceptable and should be
mechanical joints.
Un-plasticized PVC Pipes, joints and fitting for gravity sewers shall
comply with the relevant requirements of the Iraqi Organization of
standards IOS.
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4) Polyethylene Pipes, Fittings, Valves, etc.
a) Pipes and Fittings
Low density polyethylene pipes shall be manufactured, tested etc. in
accordance with BS.
Height density polyethylene pipes shall be manufactured tested
etc., in accordance with BS 3284 and BS 3796.
Small diameters pipes shall be laid in the longest possible lengths
without joints. Where joints are required these shall be butt welded using
the heat fusion technique.
Pressure gauges shall be fixed on each main outside the pump
house for reading the pressure in each main.
Isolation sluice valves shall be inserted in all the pumping mains
just outside the pump house immediately on the downstream side of the
pumping mains. Also recoil valves shall be fitted to the mains isolation
sluice valves shall be provided each at one kilometer for all the mains, the
diameter of all the valves are the same as that of the mains mentioned
above. The diameter of washout valves shall be 100mm the washout shall
be valved at their inner ends a small weep hole shall be drilled in the
inverts of the washout pipes and their lower ends for drainage and the
pipes nearest surrounded with one foot thickness of coarse gravel. The
isolation valves shall be tapped and drilled at each side of the wedge
and fitted with gunmetal ground plug ferrule cocks and extended to
withstand the short distance of the ground surface with galvanized
iron pipes terminative with stop-cocks of ferrule ends for the purpose of
taking pressure gauge readings. Conventional type cast iron surface box
with locking lid shall be provided to the stop cocks and also to the
isolation sluice valves air valves and washout valves together with a
100mm dia. pipe sleeve extending from the gland of the valves to within
the surface box, the surface box shall be founded on concrete footings.
Necessary air valves shall be fitted to the mains, the first of which
shall be located immediately downstream of the recoil valves hereinafter
specified and thereafter at all ridges and other places as shown in
drawings in the Appendix. The air valves shall be of 100mm dia. and be of
the {double} kinetic type with isolating sluice valve or similar and shall be
housed in water tight chambers formers formed in cement concrete work
and which shall be fitted with suitable cast iron surface boxes with locking
arrangement. Recoil valves as manufactured by Messrs. Glenfield.
Kennedy Ltd. or similar shall be fitted to the mains. The recoil valves shall
be housed in a chamber formed in concrete which shall be suitably floored
and provided with manholes cover of adequate clear opening and shall be
supported on a concrete stool. All valves shall be provided with tail pieces
with anchoring to be built in the manhole thrust when the valve will be
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closed under test pressure. Where the mains cross rivers or barrage, steel
structures required on the existing weirs for this purpose and the
contractor shall include in the Tender for the professional fees for the
design and construction of such structures.
Where the mains cross canals and small distributor cannels meet
within their alignments they shall be laid at such depth of cover as will
provide a minimum of 15cm below the inverts of the distributaries and
shall be graded to preclude any point where air may be trapped. The
mains shall be square boxed with a minimum of thickness of 50cm of
concrete of 1:2:5 mixture at the distributor crossings and which shall be
extended at a distance of 0.9m into each bank and likewise so at all road
crossings. Necessary washout valves and air valves shall be fitted to the
mains as shown on the drawings and other places where necessary with
chambers. Where the mains cross big streams (more than 3.0m) steel
structures required for this purpose and the contractor shall include in his
tender the professional fees for the design and construction of such
structure.
The contractor shall submit a design for approval before execution
of the work. Where the mains cross roads and rail ways box culvert shall
be required and shall include all cost in the total sum offender.
The work shall be executed according to the Regulations of state
Organization of Roads and Bridges.
Where the mains cross Main River two No. of pipes used to be laid
in the bed of the river. Thrust resisting joint type should be used to the
crossing pipes. The distance between each pipe should be not less than
5m the contractor should supply all necessary valves and air valves and
fittings.
Where to mains cross the canals and small distributory canals meet
within their alignments they shall be laid at such a depth of cover as will
provide a minimum of 15cm below the inverts of the distributaries and
shall be graded to preclude any point where air may be trapped the
means square boxed with a minimum thickness of 50cm of concrete of
1:2:5 mixture at the distributory crossings and which shall be extended
at a distance of 0.90m into each bank and likewise so at all road
crossings. Necessary washout valves and air valves shall be fitted to the
mains as shown on the drawings and other places where necessary with
concrete chambers. Where the mains cross the main highway a box
culvert required for each crossing and executed according to regulations
of roads and bridges. As the target type water level indicator to all the
elevated storage tanks will not be legible from the pump house, the
Contractor shall supply and install an automatic alarm to each tank for the
purpose of warning the operator when the tanks are full and the gloat
valve in the tanks are closed.
As the target water level indicator to all elevated storage tanks and
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ground storage tanks at site of waterworks will not be legible from the
pump house, the Contractor shall supply and install an automatic alarm to
each tank for the purpose of warning the operator when the tanks are full
and the float valve in the tanks are closed. In principle the alarm shall be
based on the increase in head which will build up in the pumping main to
the storage tanks when the float valve closes, and flow in the main has
ceased. A Bourdon type pressure gauge or gauges conforming to BSS
1780/1951 shall register the pressure increase and be arranged to sound
an electric bell so that operator may stop the pumps. Water hammer
protection of required for the pumping mains shall be ensured by
cylindrical reservoir under pressure, vertically mounted, fed by electrical
air compressor. The Contractor shall give with his offer full details of
these protections, supported by calculations.
The Contractor should make arrangements for laying and supplying
of all pipes, specials bends, air valves, washouts, fittings, etc.
whatsoever required to complete the work in accordance with the
Technical Specification.

Valve and penstock Actuators - Electrically Driven
1) General
Valve actuators shall be suitable for use on the nominal 3 phase
power supply specified and shall incorporate motor integral reversing
contractor starter, local control facilities and terminal for remote control
and indication connections.

2) Actuator Sizing
The actuator shall be sized to guarantee valve closure at 1.05 times
the maximum differential pressure that may develop under standard or
start up pressure. Maximum differential pressure shall be assumed to be
the Maximum upstream pressure with the control valve fully closed and
its outlet vented to atmosphere. The safely margin of motor power
available for seating and unseating the valve shall be sufficient to insure
torque switch trip at maximum valve torque with the supply voltage 10%
below nominal. The operating speed shall be such as to give valve closing
and opening at approximately 10-12 in/min unless otherwise stated.

3) Motor
The electric motor shall be 3 phase squirrel cage as detailed with a
time rating of 15min maximum ambient temperature or twice the valve
stroking time, whichever is the longer, at an average load of at least 33%
of maximum valve torque. Overload protection shall be provided by direct
sensing of motor temperature by a thermostat embedded in die motor
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winding.

4) Gearing
The actuator gearbox shall be of the totally enclosed oil lubricated
type, suitable for operation at any angle and provided with the
appropriate filling and drain plugs. The drive shall incorporate a lost
motion hammer below feature. The output shaft shall be hollow to accept
a rising stem, and incorporate thrust bearings of the roller type. The
design shall be such as to permit the gear case to be opened for
inspection or disassembled without releasing the stem thrust or taking
valve out of service.

5) Hand Operation
A hand wheel shall be provided for emergency operation, engaged
when the motor is declutched by a lever or similar means, the drive being
restored to power automatically by starting the motor. The hand wheel
drive shall be mechanically independent of the motor drive and any
gearing shall be such as to permit emergency manual operation in a
reasonable time. Clockwise operation of the hand wheel shall give closing
movement of the valve.

6) Drive Bushing
The valve actuator shall be furnished with a drive bushing to suit
the valve stem or gearbox input shaft. The drive bushing shall be easily
removable for renewal. The drive bushing shall preferably be positioned to
enable standard length valve stem to be used.

7) Torque and Position Limit Switches and Position Indicators
Open and close torque and for position limit switches shall be
provided as required by the type of valve, plus two additional limit
switches of each end of travel for remote indication and interlocking.
Means shall also be provided to prevent the open torque switch tripping
while the initial unseating hammer blow effect is applied.
Provision shall be made for two extra sets of limit switches to be
available to order, comprising at least two switches per set, each set
independently adjustable to any valve position. Switch contact rating on
inductive circuits shall be 5A AC up to 4000V, 50W DC up to 250V.
A mechanical dial indicator shall be provided to indicate whether the
valve is fully open, fully closed or in an intermediate position.
Provision shall be made for the addition of a sealed potentiometer of
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at least three watts rating for continuous remote position transmission.
The mechanical dial indicator should also show continuous valve
movement.

8) Integral Starter and Controls
The reversing contactor starter and local controls shall be integral
with the valve actuator, suitably housed to prevent breathing and
condensation build up. The starter shall be suitable for 60 starts per hour
and shall comprise mechanically and electrically interlocked reversing
contactors appropriate rating to the motor size with coils fed from a 120V
control transformer of 40VA minimum rating. The common connection of
the contactor coils at the transformer shall be grounded so that the
contactor drops out in the event of leakage to ground. The primary
winding shall be separated from the secondary by a grounded screen. The
secondary output shall be protected by a fuse of an easily replaceable
cartridge type.
Local controls shall comprise pushbutton switches for open, close
and stop, and a local L remote selector switch pad-lockable in any one of
three positions:
a. Local Control only.
b. Off-on electrical operation.
c. Remote Control plus local stop only.

Provision shall be made for the following:
a. Phase discriminator, to prevent starting with incorrect phase
rotation or one phase dead.
b. Interposing relays for open / stop / close control from
specified remote DC supply (minimum voltage 24).
c. Monitor relay with normally open contact, coil energized from
control transformer only when local /off/ Remote switch is un
Remote position, to show actuator is electrically operable by
remote control.
9) Wiring and Terminals
Internal wiring shall be of tropical grade PVC insulated standard
cable of 5A minimum rating for control circuits and of appropriate size for
the motor 3 phase power. Each wire shall be clearly number identified at
each end. The terminals shall be of the stud type, the 3 phase power
terminals being segregated by a separate insulating cover. The terminal
compartment shall be designed so that actuator electrical components are
protected from moisture ingress while the terminal cover is off for wiring
on job site.

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10) Enclosure
The actuator enclosure shall be IP68 to BS 5420 Group D Division 1
Explosion proof actuators which do not have 0 ring sealed cover joints
shall be provided with silica gel-desiccant sufficient to absorb all
condensation caused by breathing for a minimum period of six months
without renewing.

11) Heat Exchangers
Heat exchanger shall be water to water manufactured from stainless
steel on shell and tubes. The coil shall be spun in spiral from copper or
stainless steel and the shell shall be mild steel or stainless steel.
The heat exchangers shall be sized for the duty required and
suitable for the pressures applying to the system.
The heat exchangers and system shall be complete with pressure
and temperature gauges indicating the conditions on primary and
secondary flow and return connections. pipe work installation.
The Contractor shall install unions or pairs of flanges at the
following locations:
a. At interval not greater than 15m, unless otherwise
approved by the Engineer.
b. At all items of major plant and equipment to permit
disconnection and removal for maintenance.
c. Where indicated on the Drawings to assist dismantling of
sections of pipe work without disturbing other pipe work
and equipment.
Pipe work shall be run neatly parallel to walls or grid lines on the
site plan and shall, where necessary, be set around projections. All
vertical pipe runs shall be plumb. Direction changes in groups of piping
shall be set out from a common center point.
The layout of piping shall take into account expansion and
contraction, particularly at ends of runs where changes of direction occur.
Expansion and contraction shall be taken up in changes of direction
as far as is practical but if expansion loops or bellows expansion fittings
are used, adequate pipe guides and anchors are to be fitted on the line.
To avoid the transmission of noise and vibration, it shall be the
responsibility of the Contractor to ensure that no pipe work is rigidly
attached to plant or equipment.

Pipe Supports
All pipe work shall be adequately supported on purpose made
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brackets hangers or clips. The maximum spacing for pipe supports or
hangers shall be as follows:
Maximum Center/Centre of Supports of Pipes (m)
Diameter
(mm)
Cast Iron, steel, heavy
gauge copper.
Stainless steel, light gauge
copper, plastic for water
15 1.8 1.2
20 2.5 1.5
25 2.75 1.8
32 2.75 2.2
40 3.0 2.5
50 3.0 2.7
65 3.6 2.7
80 3.6 2.7
100 4.5 3.0
100 + As BS 3974 Part 1

Stress in any part mild steel hangers, brackets or clips shall not exceed
60N/mm
2
.
Pipe work shall be supported generally as indicated on the drawings
and in particular on both sides of all the changes of direction. No loads
are to be transmitted to any plant machinery.
All supports for steel pipes shall be manufactured in accordance
with BS 3974 part 1. Pipes shall have sufficient clearance for insulation to
be fitted where required.

Testing of Pressure Pipelines
Pipelines (together with all specials and valves incorporated in the
mains) shall after lying and before being covered in, be tested with water
as specified below. The test pressure which shall not be exceeded under
any circumstances shall be either:
a. The test pressure stated on the Drawing, or
b. A pressure of 20 meters head or 50% in excess of the
maximum working, or
c. Such pressure as directed by the Engineer for the class of
pipe concerned.

After filling is completed and full absorption, if any, has taken place
the required test pressure on the site shall be applied for duration of 60
minutes. During site tests the pressure must not fall by more than
0.1kg/cm
2
over a 60 minute period and no further pumping will be
permitted during this period. The Contractor shall note that in order to
prevent movement of the pipeline during the course of the test, it may be
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necessary to anchor the pipeline by partially backfilling the trench. Should
this operation be necessary the backfilling shall not be permitted to cover
any joint.
The pipe at any lower end of each length to be tested shall be
temporarily blanked off and adequately strutted. The pipe length shall
then be filled with water and the upper end temporarily blanked off and
adequately strutted and additional water shall then be pumped into the
pipe by means of a force pump fitted with an open dial pressure gauge
until the required pressure has been reached. Should leakage of water
occur at the joints, the joints shall be reassembled to eliminate such
leakage, or should this prove not possible, the Contractor shall supply and
assemble new joints. Should any pipe or joint burst or should water leak
or weep through the body of any pipe or joint the Contractor shall
forthwith remove the faulty pipe or joint and replace it with a further pipe
or joint. In all the above cases the length under test shall be retested as
above described and the process repeated, if necessary, until the pipeline
satisfactorily withstands the prescribed test. The costs incurred in
remedying or replacing and retesting the pipeline (including the removal
of the damaged and adjacent pipes and joints where necessary, and
incidental coast) shall be entirely at the Contractors expense.
The Contractor shall provide, fix and work the force pump, pressure
gauge, air tap and all other apparatus required to the approval of the
Engineer and shall fill the pipes with water and subsequently empty them
after the test. Groundwater may not be used for testing pipes. Water
drained from the pipes shall be discharged so as not to affect the stability
of the works or adjacent structures. All water shall be provided and
disposed of at the Contractors expense. The pipeline shall be tested in
lengths as directed by the Engineer. Where pipeline are for the transfer of
chlorine gas under vacuum then they shall be tested under vacuum. The
pipelines must be absolutely air tight and the pipeline will be deemed to
have passed the test if there is no rise in pressure within the pipeline
under test over a 24 hour period.
All costs incurred for testing the pipelines as above described shall
be included in the Contractors rates for respective pipelines.
All pipes shall be coated from outside with bitumen. The bitumen
shall comply with the requirements of BS 3416 cement lining with
minimum thickness of 6mm shall be given for inside.

Anchorage
Thrust blocks to transmit the maximum unbalanced resultant
pressure arising at horizontal bends to the soil forming the side of the
trench at points of deviation for straight pipes shall be constructed in
concrete of 1:4:8 mixtures. Each block shall butt against the pipe
throughout the internal area extended between the tangent points of
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curve and to the full depth of the pipe and shall be extended in the
direction of the resultant thrust and the width between the extended radii
through the tangent points and for such a distance as will provide a
bearing area against the side of the trench compatible with the safe
loading pressure of the soil. The price of this item shall be included in the
total price of the chem the maximum unbalanced pressure shall be
assessed from that arising from a surge pressure. The face of the trench
on which the thrust block shuts shall be truly vertical. The thrust arising
on the isolation sluice valves on the testing of the mains shall be taken by
securely fixed temporary struts bearing on footing cut in the side of the
trench of undisturbed soil and wedge up tight. Where the pipes are to be
carried along or under the bridges or culverts anchorage shall be done
with suitable MS clamps fixed with the bridges or culverts.

Testing the Water Main
The pumping main shall be subject to water test pressure on the
completion of the laying and jointing of the main and at such time as sit
can conveniently be filled. The sections shall be tested to a pressure head
equal to 1 time the shut off head of the pumping units. The leakage in
any section of the main under test shall not exceed the rate of one liter
per centimeter diameter of pipe per kilometer per 24 hours for each 35
meter head of water. The suction main of the pumping units shall
similarly be tested to a pressure of 40 meter head of water. The duration
of any test should not be less than four hours. The price of this item shall
be included in the total price of the scheme.
If any length of maims be found defective in the aforesaid test the
same shall be forthwith made good to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
By and at the expanse of the Contractor and the Contractor shall
thereupon at his own expense make a second water test of that section of
the main and so on until the main has been proved perfectly watertight
within the limits specified. The Contractor shall make his own
arrangement for testing machines. If so desired the Contractor can
alternately affect the aforesaid tests by compressed air at pressure half of
the respective hydraulic pressure.

Disinfection of Pipe Lines
The Contractor shall carry out washing out and chlorination of all
water pipe work in the works. He shall provide all necessary equipment,
operators and labor required. The pipes shall be charged with chlorinated
water for 24 hours during which time all sluice valves shall be operated
throughout their full travel and returned to their original position. The
drain cocks on all the air valves shall be opened fully and allowed to run
for such time as the Engineer directs and washouts flushed to introduce
112

chlorinated water into the branches. At the end of the 24 hours the pipes
shall be flushed with clean water until all traces of chlorine have been
removed.

Pipe and Cable Channels
All pipes and cables within the internal confines of the pump and
filter house building shall be laid in rectangular channels formed in 1:2:4
reinforced concrete in the floors of the building where such pipes and
cables are below the floor level. The pipes shall be supported on concrete
stools and the cables on suitable racks at intervals of about 1.2m apart.
The channels shall be covered with steel chequer plates not less than
9mm thick with lifting holes and bear on mild steel curbs bedded and
pointed in cement mortar. The sides and bottom of the rectangular
channels for all pipes and cables should be fair faced.

Building in Pipes
Unless otherwise shown on the drawings, all iron pipes passing
through concrete walls of water tight structures, shall incorporate a
puddle flange. Such flanges shall be of the same dimensions as flanges
for the size and class of pipe to which they are attached, and shall be
solidly built in, and a screwed -gland collar with screwed gland joints shall
be fitted to the pipes on the internal side.
Where pipes pass through other walls above floor level they shall be
covered with a strip of "Ruberoid Roofing" or other suitable approved semi
-plastic material, Sleeves shall be provided to the pipes where they pass
through walls below floor level and shall be of a size slightly greater than
the maximum diameter of any part of the pipes. The intervening space
between the pipe and the sleeve shall be blocked in with hot bitumen.
All pipes passing through walls shall be provided with a flexible joint
at a suitable point outside the building to take up any contraction,
expansion and settlement that may arise.

Demarcation Beacons
The pumping mains shall be demarcated by concrete beacons at the
point of the change in the horizontal alignment and at each air valve,
isolation sluice valve, washout valve and at such further points not
exceeding km between consecutive beacons. The beacons shall be
formed in concrete of 1:2:5 mixture and shall be reinforced with 4 Nos.
round steel bars of 63mm. wired in position and be of a size measuring
75cm long by 30cm square base by 15cm pyramidal top. They shall be
firmly set 50cm deep at a distance of 150cm from the main. All beacons
shall have the identification of the plant set in at their top.
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One MS plate 40x30cmx6.3mm thick Melded with 3.8x3.8cm angle
or the iron bracket shall be fixed with bolts and nuts at the back of each
concrete beacon. The top of the plate shall remain about 50cm, above the
top of the beacons. The plate with bracket shall be painted yellow. In the
plate shall be written (I.S.V.) for isolation sluice valve (A.V.) for ai r valve
as the case may be in red at the top part of the plate and distance such
as 0.5km etc. as measured from the pump and filter house and low lift pit
shall be written at the bottom part of the plate. Letters and numbers shall
be about 4 high.

Excavation for Foundations, Trenches etc
The contractor shall perform excavations of every description
regardless of the character of the material encountered, to the lines,
grades and dimensions indicated on the drawings or as directed by the
Engineer, All excavations must be cleared of all mud, loose material, dirt
and debris. From time to time during the progress of excavation the
Engineer will examine the levels. All operations of the excavations which
are carried out lower or wider than specific levels and also of excavations
that had been cleared of mud, loose material, dirt, etc. shall be filled with
mass concrete at the Contractors expense. The Contractor shall control
the grading in the vicinity of the buildings and other structures so that the
surface of the ground will be sloped to prevent water from running into
the excavated area. Any water which accumulates in the excavation shall
be removed promptly. All arrangements for pumping out water and
keeping excavation free from sub soil water shall be made by the
Contractor. All timbering and shoring as may be required during
excavation shall be installed by the Contractor to protect the banks,
adjacent paving, structures and utilities.
The ground surface shall be excavated for the pipe trenches to such
a depth as will allow a minimum of 0.9m of cover to the pipes and to such
further depths as shall be required in order that proper inclinations curves
and shapes may be obtained or as may be necessary to avoid airlocks in
the line of the main or to avoid underground obstructions that may be
encountered. The trenches shall be bottomed up to the exact gradient and
shall be such width as are necessary and proper for laying the lines of
pipes and for laying and fixing all bends, valves and other adjuncts
connected with the lines of pipes and shall be suitable for proper setting
of the whole job.

Back-Filling, Embankments & Reinstatement of Trenches
After completion of foundations, footings and walls and other
construction below the elevation of the ground and prior to back-filling all
faults shall be cleaned of all trash and debris. Materials for filling shall
consist of excavation or borrow or other material approved by the
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Engineer and shall be free of trash, lumber and other debris. All materials
required for back-filling shall be placed in horizontal layers not exceeding
15cm in thickness after compaction and shall have moisture content such
that the required degree of compaction may be obtained. Each layer shall
be compacted by suitable equipment to not less than 90% of the
maximum density obtained at optimum moisture content. Care shall be
taken when placing backfilling against surface which have received water
proofing and / or damp proofing treatment to prevent damage to the
coating. No earth filling against wall and foundations slab shall be carried
out without the permission of the Engineer.
Embankments including those required in the forming roads and
tanks and other structure shall consist of approved excavated and borrow
material free from deleterious and organic materials and shall be capable
of producing homogeneous and stable material, when moistened and
compacted. The fill material shall be placed in horizontal layers no more
than 15cm thick after compaction and shall be compacted in the manner
herein specified.
After the mains are laid and joints formed they shall be surrounded
apart from the joints with selected materials which shall be carefully
packed in place so as to avoid injury to the pipes but no reinstatement of
the trenches shall be undertaken by the Contractor before the permission
of the Engineer. The soil around and for 30cm over the top of the pipes
shall be free from stone, and where required by the Engineer it shall be
screened to exclude the material which would damage the pipes. The
remainder of the trench shall be filled with the best and most suitable
portions of the excavated material which shall be thoroughly rammed as
the work proceeds. The special materials forming the surface and
foundations of streets, roads and footpaths shall in every case be carefully
stripped and set aside and shall be replaced in original position as before
the excavation was made. When the joints have been satisfactorily tested
they shall be surrounded with selected materials and the section of the
trench filled in a like manner to the remainder or the trench as specified.
All surfaces which have been disturbed during the course of contract
whether within the site or on any other land shall be reinstated to a
condition at least equal to that existing before its disturbance as a result
of the Contract.

115

CLAUSE TWENTY

WORK SHOP BUILDING

The contractor shall construct the building according to the General
layout. The walls and general finishing shall be in accordance to main
building.

116

CLAUSE TWENTY ONE

OVERHEAD TRAVELLING CRANES

An electrically operated overhead gantry crane of a capacity suitable
for lifting the heaviest of t he pumping units with a margin of 25% and
three motions shall be installed in the machinery room of the pump house
building the capacity of the crane should be at least 5 tons. A similar
crane shall be provided for low lift pump house workshop, power
buildings, Booster Station. A mass rail hand operated crane shal l also be
provided in the filter gallery of same capacity to lift the heaviest valves.
Note: for power building in L.L of craves, to be in vol.2 of contract.

117

CLAUSE TWENTY TWO

WATER METER

The contractor shall provide and install complete in all respect the
following water meters.

a) Main Water Meters
1. Ultra sonic Transducers with precision machined throat sections
operating on the frequency difference technique.
The measuring equipment shall be provided with a flow
transmitter and indicating recorder system operated by the linear
output from the transducer and totalizer. The flow indicators and
records shall be installed in the main panel in the main flow
recorder shall be of inkless roll chart type and shall be graduated in
metric units, with 5 years supply of charts.
There shall be one meter for each pumping main treatment
plant and Booster Station and raw water pumping mains.

2. Standard Ventura tubes with roll type chart recorders and with
indicators and integrator and totalizer. The lubes shall be installed
in the pumping main at a point outside the pump and filter house
building and the recorders and indicator and integrator mounted on
the telemetry panel in the pump and filter house buildings. The
tubes shall be constructed of cast iron with parabolic from of throat
piece of bronze which shall be accurately machine to size. The
differential pressure head shall not exceed 1.5m and the accuracy
of registration shall be within 1% at half rate of flow and within 2%
over the full range. The meter shall be housed in chamber formed in
concrete of 1:2:5 mixtures which shall be provided with cover
formed in steel chequer plates with lifting holes and bearing on cast
iron curbs and pointed in cement mortar.

3. Electro-magnetic flow meters with its accessories as Ultra-Sonic
Venturi meters.

b) Filter Wash Water Meters
Provisions shall be made for measurements of air flows.
Note: All meters should have the same diameter of the main in which it is
installed.
118

CLAUSE TWENTY THREE

SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM

The sewage disposal system shall comprise a. sewage digestion
tank (septic tank) and oxidizing bed and the necessary inter connecting
drains and inspection chambers as depicted in the Drawings. The walls
and floor of the digestion tank shall be formed in reinforced 1:2:4
concrete and shall be rendered internally to 1:1 cement mortar of 1cm
thickness. The roof-slab shall be formed in 1:2:4 reinforced concrete. The
oxidizing bed shall be formed in broken bricks of approximately 7.5cm in
their maximum dimensions and 5cm in their minimum dimensions. The
inspection chambers shall be formed with floor invert and benching shall
be accurately formed and shall be rendered to 1:1 cement mortar of 1cm
thickness. The roof of the inspection chambers shall be provided with a
light weight cast iron inspection cover with frame. The roof slabs to the
digestion tank shall be bedded and jointed in weak cement mortar in
facility of removal as and when required. The pipes and specials entailed
in the drain shall be of 100mm diameter minimum and formed in spun
cast iron pipes. The drains shall be trapped and ventilated immediately
outside the bathroom and lavatory, with 4" diameter H.C.I pipe with
100mm cowl on top. The sewage disposal system shall be constructed at
least 100m away from the ground filter water storage tank. There shall be
one sewage disposal system for each building, one for the Resident
Engineers building and one for operator building guard house etc.

119

Specified Protective Systems for Water Treatment Works Equipment (Minimum Film Thickness)
Equipment Applied Prior to Delivery and Installation Applied FOLLOWING Installation Remarks
Steel Work
Substrate Pre-treatment 1
st
Coat 2
nd
Coat 3
rd
Coat 4
th
Coat Finsh1ng Coat Color Finish

Steel
(Galvanize
d)
(T) Wash
Zinc Phosphate
Epoxy Primer
(0.025mm)
Thixotropic
Chlorinated
Rubber Primer
(0.075mm)
Thixotropic
Chlorinated
Rubber
(0.075mm)

Chlorinated Rubber
Gloss (0.025mm)
To be approved
by Engineer
Walkways Ladders
Steps Handrail1ng

Steel
(Blast
cleaned)
Zinc Phosphate
Epoxy Blast
primer
(0.025mm)
Zinc Phosphate
Epoxy Primer
High Build
(0.075mm)
Thixotropic
Chlorinated
Rubber High
Build
(0.075mm)
Thixotropic
Chlorinated
Rubber High
Build
(0.075mm)

Chlorinated Rubber
Gloss build
(0.025mm)
To be approved
by Engineer
Structural steel
work
Steel
(Blast
cleaned)
Zinc Phosphate
Primer
(0.025mm)
Zinc Phosphate
Epoxy Primer
High Build
(0.075mm)
Pitch Epoxy
High build
(0.100mm)
Pitch Epoxy
High Build
(0.100mm)
Pitch Epoxy
high Build
(0.100mm)
Black Self Color
Archimedean
Screws
Steel
(Blast
Cleaned)

Lead Free Metal
Primer (0.05mm)
alkyd Based
Undercoat
miraculous Iron
Ore Paint

Alkyd Based Gloss
Enamel (0.025mm)
To be approved
by engineer
Diesel Oil Storage
tanks
machine or
equipment to
manufacturers
standard finish
Steel of
Aluminum
Alloy
Manufacturers Standard Finish
(to be compatible with chlorinated rubber finishing coat)
Chlorinated Rubber
Gloss (0.025mm)
To be approved
by the engineer
Dry Well Pumps,
motors, Gearboxes,
Valves
cast iron
manufacturers standard finish
Where pipes are coated with bitumen, 2 coats of an approved aluminum sealer must
be applied.
Chlorinated Rubber
Gloss (0.025mm)
To be
Approved by
the Engineer
Dry Well Pipes
120

Specified protective systems for "water treatment works equipment (minimum film thickness)
Equipment Applied prior to delivery and installation
Applied
Following Installation
Remarks
Machinery
Above Water
Level and not
in Contact
With
Sewage,
Sludge or
Potable
Water
Substrate Pre-Treatment 1
st
coat 2
nd
Coat 3
rd
Coat 4
th
Coat Finishing Coat Color Finish
I
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g

S
u
b
m
e
r
s
i
b
l
e

p
u
m
p
s

Cast Iron
(Blast Cleaned)
or Aluminum
Alloy
Zinc
Phosphate
Epoxy Blast
Primer
(0.025mm)
Zinc Phosphate
Epoxy Primer
High Build
(0.075mm)
Thixotropic
Chlorinated
Rubber High
Build (0.075mm)
Thixotropic
Chlorinated
Rubber High
Build
(0.075mm)

Thixotropic
chlorinated
rubber gloss
(0.025 mm)
To be Approved
by engineer
Steel
(Blast Cleaned)
Zinc
Phosphate
Epoxy Blast
Primer
(0.025mm)
Zinc Phosphate
Epoxy Primer
High Build
(0.075mm)
Thixotropic
Chlorinated
Rubber High
Build (0.075mm)
Thixotropic
Chlorinated
Rubber High
Build
(0.075mm)

Thixotropic
chlorinated
rubber gloss build
(0.025 mm)
To be Approved
by Engineer
Machinery
Below Water
Level.
In Contact
With Sewage
of Sludge
Cast Iron
(Blast Cleaned)
Zinc
Phosphate
Epoxy blast
Primer
(0.025mm)
Zinc Phosphate
Epoxy Primer
High build
(0.075mm)
Pitch Epoxy High
Build (0.100mm)
Pitch Epoxy
High Build
(0.100mm)
Pitch Epoxy
High Build
(0.100mm)
Black Self color
Steel
(Galvanized)
"T" Wash
Zinc Phosphor
Epoxy primer
(0.25mm )
Pitch Epoxy Build
(0.100mm)
Pitch Epoxy
High Build
(0.100)mm
Pitch Epoxy
High Build
(0.100mm)
Black self color
Machines of
Steel Work in
Contact with
Potable
Water
Cast Iron
(Blast Cleaned)

Solvent Free
Epoxy Paint
(0.125mm)
Solvent Free
Epoxy Paint
(0.125mm)

Solvent free
epoxy paint
(0.125 mm)

Steel
(Galvanized)
Etch Primer
Solvent Free
Epoxy Paint
(0.125mm)
Solvent Free
Epoxy Paint
(0.125mm)

Solvent free
epoxy paint
(0.125 mm)

121

CLAUSE TWENTY FOUR

CORROSION PROTECTION
AND PATINTING OF EQUIPMENT

General
1. The Contractors attention is drawn to the schedules of protective
system as given in the Table. All paint materials shall be obtained
from a supplier approved by the Engineer before any manufacturing
commences. All paint materials shall be applied strictly in
accordance with suppliers instructions.
2. All steelwork to be installed below top water level or within the
splash zone shall wherever possible be hot dip galvanized after
manufacture to BS 729 Part 1. Sampling and testing shall be carried
out in accordance with BS 729 Part 1. The coating shall contain not
less than 600g/m
2
of zinc. All drilling, stamping, welding, cutting
and bending shall be carried out prior to galvanizing and all erection
markings shall be clearly legible after galvanizing.
Sections which will buckle or distort the galvanizing process
shall be zinc sprayed. Zinc sprayed metal coatings shall comply with
the requirements of BS 2569 Part 1. The nominal thickness of the
coating shall be not less than 0.1mm and the surface shall be of
uniform texture free from lumps, coarse areas and loosely adherent
particles.
3. The Contractor will inspect the surface preparation and make daily
visits during the application of all paint systems, on behalf of the
Engineer. The Contractor shall give seven days notice to the
Engineer of the date of commencement. No application of paint
shall be carried out until the surface preparation has been inspected
and approved by the Contractor.
4. The Contractors attention is directed to BS in respect of the
protection of iron and steel structures from corrosion all other paint
shall also be constructed so as to reduce the danger of corrosion to
a minimum and allow ready access for maintenance
5. Unless otherwise agreed by Engineer, the contractor shall apply the
protective systems listed in the Tables. However, before any
alternative protective system wi l l be approved by the engineer it
must be compatible with Employers on the protective system.
Details of all such requests shall be submitted in writing to the
Engineer 28 days before manufacturing commences.
6. Unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer, al l material forming part
of any single protective system shall be supplied in sealed
containers of not more than 5.0 liters capacity and shall be used in
strict rotation. Unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer, samples of
122

material of not less than 2.5 liters capacity shall be submitted for
testing to the Engineer.
7. Lead based paints shall not be used.
8. Where surfaces will be in permanent contact they shall, after being
thoroughly prepared and immediately before being assembled and
fixed, receive the primer and one coat of paint.
9. Where painting or protective finishing is damaged during erection or
deteriorates during the maintenance period, the Contractor will be
required to make good at his own cost.
10. All machinery bolts, nuts, washers, etc. are to be
electroplated galvanized, unless otherwise approved by the
Engineer. Electroplate galvanized coatings shall comply with the
requirements of BS 3382.
11. All bright parts or machined surface shall be treated with an
anti-rusting composition or wrapped with anti-rusting composition
impregnated paper. After erection all such parts shall be thoroughly
cleaned and polished.

Preparation of Iron and Steel Surfaces to Receive Paint
1. Except where galvanizing is specified, all iron and steel work to be
painted shall be blast cleaned in accordance with CP 2008 to a
quality as defined in Swedish Standard S.I.S 055900:1962 SA 2
to achieve a surface profile with minimum amplitude of 0.025mm
and a maximum of 0.075mm. All surface must be free of moisture
before blasting and painting and all welds shall be ground to a
smooth contour must be free of blowholes and imperfections. Weld
spatter shall be removed from surrounding areas.
2. The maximum grade of abrasive permitted shall be as specified in
Table 2 of the BS 4243 Metallic abrasives shall used exclusively
where recovery is possible, e.g. in airless blasting, in blasting
chambers or where vacuum recovery equipment can be used. The
abrasive used for blasting shall be free from contamination and any
recovered material shall be cleaned to the satisfaction of the
Engineer before re-use. Where recovery is impracticable, e.g. on
site, non- metallic abrasives of approved quality may be used.
These should consist of slag or mineral matter in which silica is
present only in a combined harmless form.
3. All blast cleaning must be carried out under cover.
4. Following blast cleaning, surface must be protected within 4 hours
with a Zinc phosphate epoxy blast primer.
5. Galvanized steel shall be degreased, abraded and again degreased
before the application of any coating. The surface shall be
pretreated with a brush application of T" wash etching solution.
Should further degreasing be indicated this must be carried out
before a further application of "T" wash is given to the affected
areas. The first coat of the specified system shall be applied within 4
123

hours.
6. The use sherardised coatings will not be permitted. Welds and
surface which have been affected by welding shall be prepared for
painting by the same process as described in the Contract for the
adjoining metal. Weld spatter shall be removed.
7. Painted surface shall be cleaned of all dust immediately prior to the
application of further paint. Any loose paint and rust shall be
removed. Areas contaminated by oil and grease shall be cleaned
with white spirit, Where required by the Engineer, the whole surface
shall then be cleaned by washing down with a solution of an
approved liquid detergent followed by rinsing with clean fresh water
and allowed to dry thoroughly before paint is applied.

Materials
1. Chilled iron shot and grit shall comply with the requirements of BS
2451
2. "T" Wash shall consist of a single pack phosphoric acid copper
carbonate solution.
3. Zinc Phosphate primers shall consist of a two pack polyamide cured
epoxy, pigmented with zinc phosphate.
4. Chlorinated rubber paints shall consist of chemically resistant
Pigments dispersed in a plasticized rubber base. High build
chlorinated rubber paints shall contain a thixotropic agent.
5. Pitch epoxy paints shall consist of a 2 pack polyamide cured coal tar
pitch epoxy.
6. Black bituminous coating solution for cold application shall comply
with the requirements of BS 3415 Part 1.
7. Water rinse-able and solvent rinse-able paint removers shall comply
with BS 3761.

Electrical Panels and Fittings
All electrical panels shall be protected in accordance with the
system listed in the table in a color to be selected by the Engineer
externally and white internally. Bolts, thumbscrews hinges, etc. on the
outside of panels shall be chromium plated after copper and nickel plating
followed by polishing. Other ferrous metal fittings used shall be rust
proofed by PVC coating, plating or other approved method and / or the
use of stainless steel where appropriate.

Aluminum Structures
Aluminum structures and fitting shall be protected as indicated on
the Tables. Whenever dissimilar metals (e.g. steel / aluminum) are in
contact, the Subcontractor thickness to prevent electro-chemical
corrosion, the Neoprene, which should be within 50 and 60 on the shore
124

"A" and F.R.H.D. scales and have a resistivity of approximately 10
8
ohm
m must not protrude outside the surface to be clamped. However,
stainless steel bolts, nuts and washers may come into direct contact with
aluminum but when used to clamp aluminum to another metal, each bolt
must be fully insulated from one of the metal by the use of a tubular
sleeve washer of reinforced phenolic resin bonded plastic.

Pipe Work
All exposed pipe work shall be color coded generally in accordance
with BS 1710 to facilitate identification.

Paint Storage
1. Paint shall be stored in sealed containers in a lock-up store where it
is not exposed to extreme temperatures. The temperature of the
store shall be kept between 7C and 27C (45F and 81F). Any
special storage conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall
be observed.
2. Paint which has not been used within the "self life" period specified
on the containers or within 12 months of the date of manufacture,
whichever is the lesser, shall be replaced.
3. Paint from painters, kettles shall be returned to store at the end of
each working period where it shall be kept in a sealed container.
Before it is reissued for use it shall be thoroughly mixed and no
fresh paint or thinners shall be added.

Application of Paint
1. All paints shall be supplied from the store to the painters ready for
application and the addition of thinners or of any other material
shall be thereafter prohibited. Any instructions given by the paint
manufacturer shall be strictly followed ,
2. Paint shall be applied to dry surface which have been prepared and
cleaned. The interval between preparation of the metal surface and
the application of the first priming coat of paint shall be in
accordance with the relevant requirements.
3. Paint shall not be applied under the following conditions :
a. When the ambient temperature falls below 4C (40F) or the
relative humidity rises above 90 percent.
b. Maximum temperatures above which painting shall not be
carried out shall be as recommended by the manufacturer.
c. During rain, snow, fog, mist or dust storm.
d. When condensation has occurred.
4. Two pack paints shall not be applied at a lower temperature than
that recommended by the paint manufacturer. They shall not be
applied, when the temperature is likely to fall below the specified
125

minimum during the period.
5. The only method of spray painting permitted shall be airless spray
and shall be subject to the following restrictions :
a. Priming paints shall only be applied by spray if specified by
the nominated supplier and shall be subject to the approval of
the Engineer.
b. Airless spraying shall be confined to application in works and
shall only be allowed on site with the approval of the
Engineer.
c. Spraying will not be permitted where soiling of adjacent
surface cannot be prevented.
6. Each coat of paint shall be applied either by brush or airless
spraying to produce a continuous film of paint of uniform and even
thickness .As soon as the first priming coat has dried an extra strl.jp
coat of paint shall be applied to edges, corners, crevices, bolt
heads, rivet heads and welds, using paint of a similar composition
to the priming coat, but in a contrasting shade. Successive coats
shall have different shades for identification and each coat shall be
thoroughly dry before the application of a further coat.
7. No manufacturers name or identification palate shall be painted
over. All such plates shall be unasked before any painting operation
starts. TAT type of grease adaptors shall be treated similarly.
Vented filler plugs in gearboxes shall not be painted over.
8. The total dry paint film thickness of the paint system on bare steel
surface and on metal coated surfaces shall be as tabulated in the
schedule. The dry paint film thickness shall be measured by
Elecometer or other instruments approved by the Engineer.
9. In order to obtain the dry film thickness specified the Contractor
shall ensure that the coverage rate given by the paint manufacturer
will enable this thickness to be attained.
10. Wet film thickness gauges may be used for checking but shall
not be permitted as a means of predicting the dry film thickness.
11. Unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer the paint system
shall be applied under cover in controlled conditions at the
fabricators work except for chlorinated rubber gloss finishing coats
which shall be applied on site.
12. No paint shall be used after the expiration of the pot-life
stimulated by the manufacturer shall not be mixed with fresh paint
or have thinners added to them.
13. Single pack paints in the process of "skinning" on which a skin
has formed during storage shall be immediately disposed of.

Storage of Painted Steelwork
1. Painted fabricated steelwork which is to be stored prior to erection
shall be kept clear of the ground and shall be laid out or stacked in
an orderly manner that will ensure that no pools of water or dirt can
126

accumulate on the surface. Suitable packing shall be laid between
the layers of stacked materials. Where cover is provided it shall be
ventilated.
2. Primer painted steelwork which is to be stored outdoors or
transported prior to fabrication or erection shall not be exposed
before being over coated for periods longer than the following:

Outdoors
a. "T" Wash on galvanized surface Nil
b. Zinc Phosphate primers 0.01-0.025mm thick 4 weeks
c. zinc phosphate primers 0.025-0.075mm thick 6 weeks
Repairs to Damaged Surfaces
1. Areas of protective finish which have been damaged during
handling, storing, loading and off-loading, transportation, erection
and construction shall be cleaned to bare metal, or metal coating
where this has been applied, and the edges of the undamaged
protective coating with sandpaper.
2. Where a metal coating has been damaged the affected area shall be
thoroughly wire brushed to remove any loose rust, rubbed down,
cleaned and a coat of Zinc Phosphate epoxy primer applied.
3. The specified complete protective system shall then be re-applied
and shall overlap the existing by at least 75mm all round the
affected part.

127

CLAUSE TWENTY FIVE

SAFETY RULES AND REGULATIONS

General
The installation must comply in every detail with local safety laws,
rules and regulations and fire regulations and with the regulations of the
local Electricity Authority the Regulations for the Electrical Equipment of
Buildings issued by the institution of Electrical Engineers.
All exposed re-belt drives, rotating and couplings and other moving
parts shall be provided with adequate guards constructed so as to
eliminate danger of contact with any rotating part. Warning notices shall
be provided.
Position requiring access (such as oil inspection points) shall be safe
from moving parts and outside the guards. The guards shall be fixed
securely but be designed so that they can be removed without disturbing
the plant.
All guarded enclosures shall be so constructed as to eliminate
danger of contact with any rotating parts. Opening giving access to
rotating parts shall be such that the standard test finger as illustrated in
BS 2817 when inserted through any opening does not touch any moving
part.

Guards for V-Belt Drives
V-belt drive guards shall be constructed from woven wire steel
mesh.
The mesh of the guard shall not exceed 10mm with a strand
diameter of not less than 0.2mm.
The guards shall be split on the driving and standby motor and the
fan shaft vertical center lines to facilitate removal.
The edge of each section of the guard shall be provided with rolled
steel angle frames drilled for bolting them together. The whole guards
assembly shall be galvanized after manufacture.
The guard sections shall be bolted together using black steel bolts
and washers with brass nuts, having a flat washer under the bolts head
and a spring washer under the nut. The bolt shall project through the nut
by not more than two threads or less than one thread.
The guard shall be constructed to provide a minimum clearance all
round the drive of not less than 100mm.
To provide the belt adjustment, the guard shall be sized to the full
128

extent of the drive adjustment as provided by the motor slide rails.
The guard shall be rigidly secured to the base frame of the fan
motor sets and, where necessary, to the fan frame. No guard fixing may
penetrate the fan casing.

Guards for Exposed Shafts and Direct Drive Couplings
The guards shall be constructed from woven wire mesh or steel
sheet. Woven wire mesh guards shall he split horizontally at the drive
center. The mesh size of the guard shall not exceed 10mm with a strand
diameter of not less than 2mm.
The two halves of the drive guard shall be provided with rolled steel
angle frames drilled for bolting the two halves together. The guard shall
be galvanized after manufacture. The guard sections shall be bolted
together using black steel bolts and washers with brass nuts, having a flat
washer under the bolt head and a spring washer under the nut. The bolt
shall project through the nut by not more than two threads or less than
one thread.
The drive guard shall be securely mounted upon the base of the
pump set. Drive guard constructed from steel sheet shall be welded
construction. They shall comply with the arrangement and other details
stated above.
Ventilation holes in the guards shall not be larger than 5.0mm
diameter or in the case of slots or louvers not wider than 5.0mm.

High Voltage Switchgear
Where high voltage switchgear is to be supplied then all necessary
safely equipment including man retrieval hooks shall also be supplied.

129

CLAUSE TWENTY SIX

PACKAGING AND PROTECTION DURING TRANSPORT,
SHIPPING AND STORAGE

All plant equipment and materials particular prefabricated or pre-
erected items and spares shall be properly packed and protected against
damage during transport, shipping, storage and installation.
The Contractor shall be responsible for the packing and delivery to
site of all equipment, off loading and transportation from place of storage
to point of erection. He shall also be responsible for the storage of all
materials prior to erection whether at his own risk. Each item shall be
packed properly or protected for shipment and transport from the place of
manufacture to the site.
Transformers may be transported dry, filled with dry air or nitrogen.
Under these conditions the air or gas shall be under pressure. A lockable
and protected valve shall be fitted so that a pressure gauge can be fitted
to demonstrate to the Engineer the pressure involved.
The core earth link shall be disconnected during transport and a
temporary connection be brought cut of the tank via an insulator so that
the core can be tested before each stage of the journey to site and before
site erection takes place. For transformer delivery dry the first filling shall
be undertaken by vacuum, and the oil snail be preterit and tested by a
mobile plant. The Engineer shall be invited to witness the complete oil
filing.
Pipe ends and other similar open ends shall be protected from both
external damage an ingress of dirt and moisture during transit and while
awaiting erection at site. Flanged pipes shall have their open ends
protected by a wooden blank flange secured service bolts. Spigot and
sockets shall be protected by padding and wrapping. Pipes shall not be
transported or stacked with one pipe inside another.
Precautions shall be taken to protect shafts and journals of
sufficient strength to resist chaffing and indentation due to movement in
transit shall be suitable for a period of twelve months. In case of ball or
roller bearing s installed in any item of plant, the Contractor shall state,
prior to dispatch, what precautions have been taken to avoid indentation
of the bearing faces. If the method proposed is not approved, or if no
special precautions are taken, then the Contractor must be prepared to
have replacement bearings available at site.
Lids and internal cross battens of all packing cases shall be fixed by
screws and not nails. Hoop metal bindings of cases shall be sealed where
ends meet and if not of stainless material shall be painted.
130

Contents of boxes shall be bolted securely or fastened in position
with struts or cross battens and not with wood chocks wedged in place,
unless they be fastened firmly in place. All struts or cross battens shall be
supported by cleats fixed to the above and below to form ledges on which
the battens may rest.
Boxes shall be up ended after packing to prove that there is no
movement of contents. Where parts are required to be bolted to the sides
of the case, large washers are to be used to distribute the pressure and
the timber shall be strengthened by means of pads.
All marks on the outside of boxes shall be either of a water proof
material or protected by shellac or varnish to prevent obliteration in
transit.
Wood wool shall be avoided as far as possible for packing purposes.
Waterproof paper and felt linings are to overlap at seams at least 10mm
and the seams shall be securely fixed together. The enclosure shall be
provided with screened openings to allow for ventilation.
Where practicable all indoor items such as electric motors, switch
and control gear, instruments and panels, machine components, etc. are
to be completely wrapped in polyethylene sheeting sealed at the joints
and the enclosure provided internally with an approved desiccator.
Each crate shall contain a packing list in a waterproof envelope and
copies in triplicate shall be forwarded to the Engineer prior to dispatch. All
items of material shall be clearly marked for easy identification against
the packing list.
All cases, packing, etc. shall be clearly marked on the outside
indicating the total weight, showing where the weight is bearing and the
correct position of the slings and shall bear an identification mark in
relation to the appropriate shipping documents. The Engineer may require
to inspect and approve the packing before the items are dispatched but
the Contractor is entirely responsible for ensuring that the packing is
suitable for transit and such inspection will not exonerate the contractor
from any loss or damage due to faulty packing.
Particular attention shall be given to the design of packing in
recognition of the fact materials may be subject to storage on an open
site for a time and may be subjected to harsh treatment.
Wherever particular the packing shall be so designed that the plant
or equipment may be installed and fitted without the necessary for
completely position until put into service.
The Tenderers attention is drawn to the painting specification and
the minimum number of coats that shall be applied before delivery to site.

131

CLAUSE TWENTY SEVEN

ENGINEERS HOUSE

The Contractor shall before commencing the waterworks, construct
an office building for the exclusive use of the Representative of the G.D.W
attached to this Tender Paper.
The building shall be constructed in cemented brick without any
framed structure. The inside and outside walls shall be in 24cm thickness,
all other respect shall be according Clause 14, and the internal surface of
walls and ceilings shall be plastered with JUSS except those of the
kitchen, bath room and W.C. where the walls shall be faced from floor to
ceiling with best quality white porcelain tiles and the ceiling shall be
constructed according to the specification of the pump house and filter
house building and other clauses.
The bath and lavatory room fitting with sewage disposal system
shall be similar to that of the pumping station. In addition porcelain
shower basin and Oriental W.C. shall be installed in the bath room.
All windows shall be fitted with curtain rai l s, wooden pelmets and
good quality curtains.
Where shall be electric fans in office room and one in living room
and one in each of the two bed rooms with necessary lighting
arrangements for all rooms, stairs, corridor, gate, etc. with one electric
meter.
The furnishing shall be:
1. One electric Geyser of 50 gallons capacity complete with pipe
fittings necessary to provide hot water for kitchen and bath room.
One washing machine and one 2000W iron, with iron table.
2. Window type 2 tons air conditioner for each room.

All furnishings shall be of the best and approved quality.
So long as the electricity is not available the Contractor shall make
temporary arrangements for heating and lighting.
The building shall be placed in position near Waterworks site to suit
the convenience of the Representative of the G.D.W.

132

CLAUSE TWENTY EIGHT

OPERATORS HOUSE

The Contractor shall before commencing the waterworks, construct
buildings which will be used in the beginning by the representatives of the
G.D.W. and afterwards by the operators to be appointed by the local
Authority. The buildings shall be as shown on the drawings. The walls and
the buildings shall be constructed in cemented brick without any frame
structure, the inside and outside walls shall be in 24cm thickness all other
respect shall be constructed in accordance with clause 14. The clear
height of each room shall not be less than 3m. The internal surfaces of
the walls and ceiling shall be plastered with JUSS of the best available
Quality except the bath room W.C. and kitchen where the walls shall be
faced from floor to ceiling with best quality white porcelain tiles and the
ceiling plastered with cement.
In all other respects the building shall be constructed according to
the specification.
The bath room shall be fitted with porcelain shower basin. In all
respects the bath room and WC room fittings and sewage disposal
systems of the building shall be similar to the pumping station. The water
services shall be connected to the water services system of pumping
station. There shall be two electric fans in the sitting room and one in
each bed room with necessary lighting arrangement for all room, corridor,
gate etc. with one electric meter.
The furnishing for each operator house shall be as follows:
1. One electric Geyser of 50 gallons capacity complete with pipe
fittings necessary to provide hot water for kitchen wash basin and
bath room.
2. Air condition 2 ton.

133

CLAUSE TWENTY NINE

FENCING WITH GUARD ROOM

a. The whole site of the proposed water work and for future
water works shall be fenced by brick as shown on drawings.
b. Site of low lift it is in a separate site.
c. Fences between the houses at site of water works, low lift site
and all boosting stations made of bricks or masonry 2.5m high
from R.G.L.
d. Fence for each EST 200 meter and G.S.T. as required.
e. Site of Booster stations
f. Guard room and gates, etc. shall be included for each fenced
site.
Guard room or guard house shall be constructed in cemented brick
without any framed structure. The thickness of all walls shall be 24cm.
134

CLAUSE THIRTY

ROADS AND FOOTPATH

A. Roads and foot path shall be according to general layout starting
from the gate. The road will extend up to the main entrance of all
buildings and also up to the doors of the alum store room. Chlorine
store room and to clarifies as shown in Drawing. The road shall be
from 5cm after compaction in 2-layers asphalt concrete and 15cm
thick reinforced cement concrete (1:2:4) with hard core underneath
with not less than 19cm thickness, there shall be a car park to
accommodate at least two cars. There shall be a footpath from the
road to the clarifying tanks and ground filters water storage tank.
The footpath shall be made with 3 thick cement concrete 1:2:5
over 10cm thick hard core. The arrangement of the road and
footpath shall be as shown in the drawings. The road and footpath
for boosting station shall be according to the same specification as
above.
B. Road and footpath for Booster Station as A above.
C. Road between treatment plant and site low lift if it is an a separate
site of 5m in width constructed on a compacted sub-base of 0.3m
thickness and finished with asphaltic concrete in two layers each
57mm thick. The bitumen macadam base course shall be evenly
spread on the foundations, laid and rolled in accordance to BSS
1621.

135

CLAUSE THIRTY ONE

GENERAL SITE DIVELOPMENT WORKS

A. The work shall be carried out only after clearing of all crops, shrubs,
and other vegetation including roots and after the structures are
executed leveling of the site shall be carried out to the final
elevation indicated in basic data.
B. Gravel surfacing shall be placed on the shoulders of the roads,
around tanks, clarifiers, etc. the material of gravel surfacing shall
consist of clean gravel or crushed stone free from dirt and soft
pieces the maximum size not exceeding 38mm. The gravel shall be
placed on the prepared and compacted soil compaction shall be
secured by the rolling equipment until required thickness of 8cm is
obtained. This will be for Treatment Site, Booster Station, Low Lift,
Elevated Service Tanks, GST, etc.
C. Grassing and Planting: Grassing shall be done for all site area and
embankment, including top soil supply, the seeding and type of
grass shall be appropriable to the local climate also the planting of
trees, and flowers bed. The Contractor shall be responsible for the
good condition of the planting and Grassing during maintenance
period.
D. Ornamental Sculpture: The contractor shall include the design and
construction of water fountain with ornamental sculpture
representing the idea of water treatment with relation to Iraq
history, the material of the sculpture shall be made of Bronze the
idea and design shall be submitted for approval.
E. Two Models (3 dimension) shall provide for following:
-Treatment plant only: The whole scheme from the riser to all
Elevated Storage Tanks (limit of the contract). This shall be of best
quality covered by transparent cover, one of them shall be located
at administration building, the other at the Establishment in
Baghdad.

136

CLAUSE THIRTY TWO

SURVEILLANCE AND SECURITY SYSTEM

A surveillance and security system shall be provided to prevent entry of
unauthorized persons to the site to be detected. The equipment shall
consist of the following:
a. Microwave Devices.
b. Infra Red Detectors.
c. Alarm Bells.
d. Alarm Panels.
e. Closed circuit television.
f. Viewing monitors.
g. Guard post in each corner 8m height in each corner shade
and necessary ladder, projector light, etc.

The microwave shall have a radiation not exceeding 50W/m
2
when
measure data distance of 0.5m from the radiating source and shall be
position at a height of a not less than 2.5m vertically above the ground
and shall have a beam pattern of at least 90.
The system shall be complete with all necessary control and test
equipment cameras shall be mounted at height above ground level
varying from 3.5-7m and the monitors shall be black and white type
having a min screen size of 30cm. This system required for Treatment
Plant only and the monitoring devices shall be located at the monitoring
room in the control room.
The Contractor shall submit full details of his proposal during the
tendering stage. Spare parts for minimum 2 years operation including
repair tools and test tools.

137

CLAUSE THIRTY THREE

SPARE PARTS

All spare parts shall be suitably wrapped and boxed for long term
storage and be identified clearly on the outside of the package.
The Tenderer shall also include in his prices for the preparation of a
card index system and plans setting out the most efficient method of
storage of all the spare parts to be supplied. The contractor shall provide
the following spare parts whenever it is applicable.

SPARE PARTS LIST
For each pump the Contractor should supply the scheme with under
mentioned parts and all spare shall be suitably wrapped and / or boxed
for long term storage and be identified clearly on the outside of the
package.

1. Sealing rings. 4
2. Stage bushes. 4
3. Discharge bushes. 4
4. Flooding bushes. 4
5. Stuffing box rings. 4
6. Stuffing box glands. 4
7. Packing. 2 Kgs
8. Oil rings. 4
9. Impeller keys. 2
10. Bearing brass. 2
11. Bushes (set). 4
12. Set of ball bearing for motor. 4
13. Set of bearing (ball or roller) for pump. 4
14. Impeller for each pump. 1
15. Shaft for each pump. 1
16. Shaft sleeves for each pump. 4
17. Casing joints (gasket). 4
18. Set of coupling rubber bushes and spindles. 4
19. Set of brushes. 4 Nos.
20. Pressure and vacuum gauge. 1 set for each type
21. Water seal eager. 4
22. Suction half casing joints. 4
23. Delivery half casing joints. 4
24. Shaft sleeve joints. 4
25.
Complete pump and motor and starter for
each set of Identical pumps (L.L., H.L., B.S.,
W.W.)
1

138

STARTERS
For each starter:
- Set of contractors and springs 2
- Push button. 1 of each size
- MCCB. 1 of each rating
- Indicating Lamps. 3 No.
- Ammeter. 1
- Over load relay with coil. 3 set
- Timer. 2

SPARE PARTS FOR ALUM & CHLORINE APPARATUSE
For each type chlorinator
- Flexible connection. 2
- Cylinders manifold complete with valves 2
- Gas pressure gauges. 1
- Water pressure gauges. 1
- Auxiliary cylinder valves . 1
- Injector diaphragms. 1
- Injector nozzles. 1
- Washers. 3 set
- Gaskets. 3 sets
- 1 ton drum. 2
- Chlorine strainer. 1
- Springs. 1
- Flow meter tubes. 2
- Regulating valves. 1
- Change over device. 1
- Gland wool. kg
- Injector balls. 1
- Copper arrestor washers. 50
- Tub Graphic Grease. 1
- O Ring. 4 sets
- Solenoid Valves complete. 1

Alum dosing Pumps & Mixer
Plungers, diaphragm cylinders, liners 1 set
Bearing and valves. 1 set
Gear box. 2
Seals, packing and washers. 1 set
Suction and delivery main anti acid
valves
4
Metering unit complete with its tubes. 2
Spare stirrer motor. 2
Sets of motor bearings 2
Complete stirrer motor starters. 4
Sets of contacts for motor starter.
Strainer for dosing pump. 4
Shaft and impeller.
Diaphragm for P.V.C Valves. 2
Pump starter. 4

139

Spares for each Electric hoist and crane for each rating
Limit switch complete 2 pairs
Load chain wheel 1
Axle 1
Bottom guide (push button) 1 sets
Trip frame 1
Spare motor complete 1
Pair of brake bars with linings and studs 1
Rectifiers 2
Primary fuses 2
Control transformer 1

Switch board: Complete set spare parts for 33KV and 11KV sub-
stations, Transformers, circuit breakers, relay current transformers,
voltage transformers, and for each type of units and individual units.
ACB 25% for each rating
33KV, 11KV circuit breakers 1 of each type
MCCB 25% spare for each size
Mini circuit breakers 10% spare
Fuses 25%
Relay of each type 25%
Current transformer 5 for each rating
Ammeter 5 each size
Voltage selector switch 2 No.
Lamps 50% spares
Push buttons 5% of each size
Contactor 25% spare for each rating

Flash Mixer
Spare motor (complete) 2
Set of bearing (roller or ball) 6
Stainless steel shaft and impeller. 2
Grease nipples 2
Spare starter complete 2

Bridge Drive and Flocculators
Polyurethane typed wheels (set) 4
Brushes for slip-ring unit (set) 1
Slip ring (set) 1
Starters (for drive) 4
Motor bearing for drive 1
Complete motor for drive (spare) 2
Starter (for flocculator) 1
Complete motor for flocculator 8
Motor bearing for flocculator 2
Grease nipples 1
Scraper rubber (set) 2
Flocculator shaft bearing 4
Drive and axial bearings 4
PVC supporting wheel for scraper blades (set) 1

140

Standby Generators
Recommended spare parts from the manufacturer for 15000 hrs
operation:

Valves Actuators
A. 1 No complete valve actuator for each type of filter valve.
B. 2 Nos. electric motors tor each type actuator of filter controls
and valve control on pumps with starter.
C. Lose of head gauges, 4 Nos.

Spare for Air Blowers
Bearing (exhauster inlet) 4 sets
Bearing (exhauster outlet) 4 sets
Washable element for air inlet filter 2
Complete starter 1
Carbon steel lubricant disk 1
Cast iron sealing chambers 1
Steel gear spacers 1
Cast iron oil spash 1
Set of carbon steel rings 1
Nut and key 1
Carbon steel bearing 1
Rubber seal ring 1
Cast iron flexible rings 1
Set of gasket 1
Oil level plug 1
Set of rubber blocks for joint 1

River Installation
Relief valve (complete) 1
Foot valve with strainer 1 for each size

Pipes and Valves
Set of gasket for each dia. 40
Set of valve gland packing for each type of valve 4

The Contractor shall supply the followings equipment very well protected
A. 2 Nos. flange joint sets complete for each size of flanged joint to be
incorporated in the works.
B. 1 No. valve for every type of diameter of valves incorporated in the
works.

141

Another Electrical Spare
I. complete sets of spare parts for the following for 1 year
recommended by manufacturer
a. Telephone system
b. Wireless system
c. Surveillance system
d. Fire alarm system
e. Call system
f. Digital camera
II. 25 % of fluorescent and vapor mercury or sodium bulbs.
III. 2% complete fitting of indoor and outdoor lighting and emergency
lighting.
IV. 10% cable drum for each size.

142

CLAUSE THIRTY FOUR

TOOLS

A. 2 Sets of polished steel spanners of superior quality one to fit every
nut on the pumps , motors and other apparatus including holding
down bolts and complete with lockable trolley Larger Dimensions.
On which each spanner shall be hung on ft strong brass hook or
clip. Open ended combination spanners, ring spanners, curved ring
spanners, swivel socket spanners, hexagon socket screw wrenches,
box spanners, ratchet spanner, torque, wrenches and adjustable
spanners. All the above will be heavy duty type.
B. 2 Box, of comprehensive litters tools with a complete set of
universal tools
C. 1 electrically operated hand boring machine suitable for holes in
steel up to 25mm and running on two speeds, equipped with steel
brackets to secure the machine for vertical use, two sets of steel
drills (3-25mm 23 pieces) and accessories in modern box.
D. One set of stocks and dies complete with raps grade from % to 1 "
without threads.
E. One set of the nuts graded from " to 1 with whit worth threads.
F. One 150mm bench vice with revolving head.
G. One (250x32)mm double-edge electric grinder pedestal type
suitable for operation at 230V equipped with two fine grinder wheel,
two coarse grinding wheel and two wire wheel. 2 Nos. of each of the
following:
a. A.V.O. meter with 150mm dia. pocket type Tong Test 0-5000
- 1000A/0 -500V.
b. Megger 10/1000/1500/12000V
c. Water leak detector meter.
d. Vibro-meter.
e. Phase sequence meter.
f. Cable test detector.
g. Pipe detector
H. Acetylene welding set portable type with oxygen bottles mounted on
trolley adapting head, reducing valve with union, pressure gauge,
four cutting nozzles with spacing grinder, four welding nozzles, four
armored flexible hoses each 10m long complete with union, two
pairs of glasses, one set of necessary spanner and tools.
I. One portable welding set with accessories for connection to a power
plug contact (rectifier with silicon dioxide) and the welding current
shall be continuously adjustable ranging to 200A and equipped with
20cm of supply cable, 20m of welding cable with durcible tongs, 2
pairs of welding gloves 2 head shields, one clipping hammer, 2
spare heavy duty ground clamp. Five wire brusher, 50kg of different
diameter of welding electrodes, 3 No. power plugs distributed
143

between the workshop, machinery room, and near the clarifier to
operate the welding machine. The machine will be fixed on 4-wheel
trolley and a suitable lockable hard wood or steel box to contain all
the mentioned fittings.
J. Tools and instrument
a. 1 No. hydraulic press machine for cable shoes fixing complete
with dies for fixing (10-630)mm cable.
b. 1 No. draw-off tackler for coupling and bearing in pumps and
another one motor bearings.
c. 1 No. Venire (1 set) and micrometer
d. 1 Nos. steel rulers.
e. 2 Universal test indicator set with Knuckle joint holder and
magnetic base. 2 Set of files, 2 sets of Allen Keys, 3 set of
pliers, set of curved and half round bearing scraper, 4 sets of
heavy duty screw driver, 4 set of Adjustable spanners.
f. 2 Nos. 1 ton chain block
g. 1 Electric pipe cutter with 24 spanners wheel.
h. 1 lifting trolley hydraulic type
i. 2 No. hydraulic jack for vehicles up to 2 tons weight
j. 2 No. elect driven flushing pumps on trolley capacity
1000m
3
/hr at 20m head, complete with 5m suction hose and
50m, delivery hose (5m pieces) with 20m power cable.
k. 4 Nos. complete set of chlorine handling suit with head cover
and breather hinge with small air bottle.
l. 2 Nos. battery operated frock lifting capacity of 2 Tons
complete with Battery charges.
m. 5 Nos. small submersible pumps with floating switches.
n. Portable compressor to be used for cleaning switch gear and
for painting with spray gun and 5m long flexible rubber tube.
o. The Contractor shall supply a complete service set tools in
each Boosting Station, contained in a lockable trolley also for
L.L a separate site.

144

CLAUSE THIRTY FIVE
Furnishings Operators Room

A. 2 No. steel tables with drawers measuring 1800x1800x750mm for
each operator room in the plant.
B. 2 No. strong tubular chairs with rest revolving type and 2 armless
types for each operator room in the plant.
C. Wooden furniture, for the chief Engineer and Engineers room to be
agreed on the type and hand color with the Resident Engineer it shall
be of best quality.
D. 1 No. steel wardrobe (1x2x0.7m) for each operator Room.
E. Wooden book cabinet with shelves and complete with glass doors
2mx2mx0.4m for each Engineer room.
F. 2 No. computers with complete accessories and printers, scanners.
G. Furniture for lecture room consisting of 20 wooden students, chairs, 1
lecture stand 1 vinyl covered blackboard, white screen roller type
overhead projector.

General Store
Shelves portioned rack of general proportions and storage cabinets
with drawers for small items enough for the whole spare parts suitably
labeled.

Work Shop
A. Plumber tool chest.
B. Electrician tool case.
C. First aid kit (5 No.).
D. 2 Nos. fitters (Trestles with loose 1m l ong platform).
Office Cum Laboratory
a. 2 Nos. wooden office tables with drawers.
b. 4 Nos. straight backed teakwood office chair
c. 1 No. wall cupboard with 2000mm long x 600mm high
d. 1 No. acid resistance bench along 3 walls porcelain sink of 90cm
height and 60cm depth
e. 1 No. small refrigerator (14 ft
3
)
Lavatories and Bath Rooms
a. 1 No. two point coat hanger each door
b. 1 No. 60x45cm, mirror over each wash hand basin.
The furnishing shall be an approved quality and finish.

145

Restaurant
a. 1 No. refrigerator (14 ft
3
)
b. 4 Nos. wooden tables 1000x1000x900mm
c. 16 Nos. wooden chairs
d. 1 No. gas cooker of good quality five point and oven and
aluminum cupboard (1000x500x2000mm)

All windows in the Management building and Laboratory shall be furnished
with curtains and folders.

146

CLAUSE THIRTY SIX

WATER SAMPLING TESTING EQUIPMENTS:

The manufacturers of the filtration plant shall furnish a sampling
apparatus complete in all respects, which shall be established by the
Contractor in the office cum laboratory room of the pump and filter house
building or chemical building. The apparatus shall comprise a marble or
stainless table on which are mounted three clarity jars for the visual
examination of the raw water clarified water and filtered water
respectively. Provision shall be made for the draw off of samples through
faucets for chemical and bacteriological analysis.
The laboratory equipments shall be either type A or type B
according to Basic Data.

WATER TESTING EQUIPMENT
Type A
I) Chemical Lab
1- Laboratory turbidity meter, HACH model 2100A or high equivalent,
with all necessary accessories.
2- pH meter, 0-14, with electrode stand & holder, meter display
preferable, accuracy 0.05 on normal range, with 2 spare
electrodes.
3- Laboratory Floc-Tester, with six stirring units, rpm regulator, 0-200
rpm with necessary spare parts including drive belts & motor.
4- Conductivity-meter measuring ranges 0-20ms/cm complete with
electrode stand, holder and 2 spare electrodes.
5- Oven drying, capacity 40-60 liter, temperature range 5C above
ambient to 250C, 2C.
6- Furnace muffle, temperature up to 1100C 5C capacity 3-5 liter.
7- Spectrophotometer, UV/VIS, 195-1000nm, bandwidth 8nm,
Analogue, with deuterium lamp, built-in power supply, with
necessary cells.
8- Balance, analytical, capacity 160g, precession 0.05mg, readability
0.1mg.
9- Water Bath, 6 openings of 90mm.
10- Hot plate, rectangular, acid resistance, temperature up to 350C
with 3 more step switch, size ~ 35x25cm Qty 2.
11- Magnetic stirrer, variable speed, with necessary magnetic followers
Qty 2
12- Water distilling apparatus all glass, 2-4 liter/hr distillate
conductivity 1ms/cm.
13- Water Sampler standard model for sampling from river, streams
147

.etc.
14- Nessler, lovibond BDH, with necessary discs for determination Cl
2
,
Fe, Mn, N- compounds in water.

II) BACTERIOLOGICAL LAB
1- Auto clave, electrically heated, ~ 30 liters capacity, with all
necessary accessories.
2- Hot air sterilizer 40-250C, ~ 12 liters working volume, with time
switch up to 2 hrs.
3- Incubator, temperature range 5C above ambient to 70C working
volume ~ 35 liters.
4- Water bath with cover, for bacteriological purpose, temperature
controller, ~ 15 liters capacity, with necessary test tube racks.
5- Balance - top loading, capacity 2000g, precession 0.1g.
6- Refrigerator.
7- Magnetic stirrer hot plate variable speed, thermostat control, with
necessary magnetic followers.

II MISCELLANEOUS ITEM

1- Filter pump - wafer jet air type 2
2- Bunsen Burner for bottled LPG 2
3- Tripod stand 4
4- Wire gauze 6
5- Stop watch 2
6- Burette stands including assorted clamps boss heads & rods 4
7- Pipette rack, 20-30 opening 3
8- Pipette filler 12
9- Tongs, general purpose 6
10- Spatula, scoop 6
11- Rubber stopper solid & centre hole assorted 50
12- Filter paper Whatman grade GFLC 7cm cp
24 pks of
100
13- Filter paper Whatman 40, 15 cm dia.
24 pks (of
100)
14- Cleaning Brushes general purpose beakers test tubes 24
15- Gloves medium size 6 pairs
16- Goggles protective 4
17- First aid cabinet wall mounted up to 25 persons 1
18- Eye-wash station wall mounted 1
19-
Funnel supports for 6- funnels height adjustable by thumb Screw wood
or plastic.
4

148

IV GLASSWARE
1- Hartley Funnel, 7cm dia. 6
2- Filter flask, Pyrex 500ml 6
3- Burette straight stopcock, 25 ml and 50 ml, class B, borosilicate 6 each
4- Ditto- but amber 2 each
5- Beakers Pyrex with spout & graduation, capacity 50, 100, 250, 500 ml 12 each
6- Pipettes graduated full delivery, class B capacity 1.5 & 10 ml. 12 each
7- Pipettes volumetric class B capacity 25, 50 & 100 ml 12 each
8- Measuring cylinders, tall form with spout, heavy hexagonal base, capacity
100, 250, & 500 ml.
12 each
9- Conical flask wide neck, Pyrex, capacity 100, 250, 500 ml 24 each
10- Volumetric flask Class B with stopper ,capacity 100, 250, 500 & 1000 ml 12 each
11- Funnel, conical, glass, 55 ,70 , & 100 mm 12 each
12- Weighing funnel glass dia. 20 mm 6
13- Evaporating dish porcelain low form 100 ml capacity. 30
14- Crucible silica low form with l i d capacity ~ 30 ml 30
15- Watch glass 50, 70 &100 mm dia. 10 each
16- Desiccators 25cm dia. with knob cover perforated disc & silica gel 2
17- Reagent Bottle clear glass narrow neck capacity 250 & 500ml 24 each
18- Ditto - but amber 12 each
19- Storage bottle plastic with tap & handle screw cap ~ 25 Liters capacity 2
20- Wash bottle plastic, round, 500ml capacity. 12
21- Reagent Bottle plastic, natural color, screw cap narrow & wide neck
capacity 50, 100, 250, 500 & liter assorted
100
22- Separating funnels conical shape, with stopper, 250 & 500 capacity 12 each
23- Thermometer mercury in glass -10 to 150C 4
24- Petri dishes Pyrex 90mm 30
25- Test tubes soda lime glass 20x130mm 200
26- Durham tube rimless 200

V Chemicals
1. Ammonium acetate 6 kg
2. Ammonium chloride 1kg
3. Ammonium hydroxide 12 L
4. Acetic acid , glacial 6L
5. Barium chloride 1kg
6. Calcium chloride 1kg
7. Calcium carbonate I kg
8. Ethyl alcohol, absolute 12 L
9. Ferrochrome black T 25 g
10.Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid di sodium salt 500 g
11.Ferrous , ammonium sulphate 1kg
12. Hydrixyl amine hydrochloride 1kg
13. Hydrochloric acid, cone 12 L
14. Methyl red 50 g
15.Methyl orange 100 g
16.Murexide 25 g
17.Methyl alcohol 6L
18.Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate 500 g
19.Mackonky Broth 12 kg
20.Nutrient Agar 6 kg
21.Nitric acid, cone 3L
22.Potassium permanganate 500 g
23.potassium chromate 100 g
24.Potassium hydroxide 1kg
149

25.Potassium iodide 100 g
26.Phenolphthalein 100 g
27. Phenanthroline, monohydrate 10 g
28.Sodium chloride 6 kg
29.Sodium hydroxide 6 kg
30.Sodium thiosulphate 500 g
31.Starch 500 g
32.Silver nitrate 250 g
33.Sulphuric acid, cone 2L
34.Laboratory First Aid chart 1
35.Element Periodic Table 1

VI FURNITURE
1.
Work Benches plinth mounting and wall fixing drawers and
cupboards, as necessary according to laboratory plan.

2.
Rinsing Basin Unit stainless steel sink with all necessary
water / waste fittings for cold / hot water.
Qty. 2
3.
Fume cupboard with exhaust fan and all necessary water/
gas fittings, to be installed in chemical lab.
Qty. 1
4.
Collection cupboard with two sliding doors suitable also for
reagent storage
Qty 2
5. Office desk with paneled kneehole. Qty 2
6. Rotating spindle type stool. Qty 4
7. Swivel type chairs with arm rests Qty 4
8. Titration Bench. Qty 1
9. Balance Table Qty 2
10. Poisons cupboard Qty 1
11. Wardrobe Qty 1
12. waste basins Qty 2
13. Metal window curtains as necessary
14. Electric water heater, wall mounted, ~ 35 liters capacity Qty 2
15. Laboratory clock

Materials, melamine plastics on face and reverse side red acid
resistant tile for bench tops.

TYPE B
The Contractor shall include in his tender for the supply of the
following water testing equipments required complete with 2 years
necessary glass ware and chemicals.

I. EQUIPMENT
1. Laboratory turbidity meter HACH mode 2100 A or high
equivalent with all necessary accessories.
2. pH-meter 0-14 complete with electrodes stand & holder with 2
spare electrode.
3. Laboratory Floc-tester worth si x stirring units, rpm regulator,
0-200 rpm with necessary spare parts including drive belts 7
MOTOR.
150

4. Conductivity-meter, measuring range 0-20 ms/cm complete
with electrode stand holder and 2 spare electrodes.
5. Water distilling apparatus
6. Nessler lovibond with necessary discs & reagents for
determination Cl
2
, Fe & Mn in water.

II FURNITURE

1. Work Benches as necessary
2. Rinsing Basin Qty 1
3. Collection cupboard Qty 1
4. Office desk Qty 1
5. Rotating spindle type stool Qty 2
6. Swivel type chair with arm rests Qty 2
7. Electric heater wall mounted Qty 1
8. Metal window curtains.
9. Laboratory clock.

151

CLAUSE THIRTY SEVEN

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

When general arrangements and details of the treatment plant have
been approved and at least four months before erection the Contractor
shall submit to the Engineer two metal covered sets of detailed operation
and maintenance instructions in Arabic and in English.
The instructions shall cover the main plant and all associated
ancillary equipment as supplied under this part of the work. It will not be
sufficient to incorporate manufacturers standard brochures as part of the
instructions unless they refer particularly to the equipment supplied and
are free extraneous matter.
The information provided shall include essential flow and circuit
diagrams, pipe work, general arrangement and detailed drawings of the
installation, manufacturer of special materials where used and shall
furthermore include schedules of lubricants and all ball and roller races
employed on the plant. The drawings and diagram which may be
approved shall be reduced to convenient size and bound.
If the complete instructions are unduly bulky, then the manual is to
be appropriately sub-divided and produced in multi-volume form. Then
approved ten copies are to be handed to the Engineers for distribution on
the site and these are to be provided at least one month before erection.

152

CLAUSE THIRTY EIGHT

PLANT OPERATION AND TRAINING OF OPERATORS

The Contractor shall provide the required no. of skilled men for
plant operation for 1 year continuous 24 hrs per day operation starting
from PAC. For the second year the contractors shall be responsible for
maintenance and supervision of the whole plant. During this second year
period the Contractor is responsible for training the local staff. All spare
parts used in the first year must be borne by the Contractor.

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REPUBLIC OF IRAQ

GENERAL DIRECTORATE FOR WATER

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