TRAINING, DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM & IDENTIFICATION OF TRANING
NEEDS OF SUPERVISORY & WORKMEN CATEGORY OF EMPLOYEES
AT HEAVY ENGINEERING CORPORATION LIMITED, RANCHI A project submitted towards the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of BACHELORS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SUBMITTED BY- Ansul Kr. Pandey BBA/3011/2010
Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra,Ranchi Allahabad Campus Naini, Allahabad
BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MESRA, RANCHI EXT CENTER:- NAINI, ALLAHABAD
DECLARATION OF CERTIFICATE This is to certify that summer training report entitled Training system & identification of training needs at HEC Ltd. Submitted by Ansul Kumar Pandey BBA/3011/2010
Towards the partial fulfillment of award of degree of Bachelors of Business Administration in the academic year 2010-2013
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Words are less to express my gratitude to the Company, Heavy engineering corporation, Ranchi for giving me an opportunity to undergo the practical training in the company, and extending full co-operation, enabling me to successfully complete this project report. I am thankful to all those persons who are concerned with this project, directly or indirectly, in making this project a success. I am particularly grateful to Mr. Hemant Gupta, Senior DGM (HR) HEC LTD for his cooperation extended to me by providing necessary information & timely help to guide me in this project. I am also obliged to all the managers, officers, supervisors & workmen for their support & valuable suggestions & encouragement.
INDEX Serial No. Title 1 An Introduction (Company Profile) 2 Achievements of HEC Ltd. 3 Major Customers. 4 Indias largest integrated engineering complex. 5 Corporate social responsibility 6 An overview of training system at HEC Ltd. 7 Need of the project (Importance of the topic T&D) 8 Objective of study 9 Research Methodology 10 Sources of data collection 11 The training system at HEC 12 Analysis & Interpretation of questionnaire 13 Competency Mapping 14 Objectives & steps involved in skills mapping 15 Tools used 16 Presentation of data 17 Findings & analysis 18 Conclusions & suggestions 19 Limitations 20 Bibliography
INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY
Independent India under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru adopted central economic planning pathway for the purpose of industrialization. Heavy Engineering Corporation (HEC) is one of the ambitious Industrial Projects for the purpose of Infrastructure development of the Country. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru termed these projects as The Temple of Modern India. Steel plays a vital role in building countrys infrastructure. Enhancement of steel production capability was given priority and it was envisaged that HEC will manufacture steel plant equipment and machineries that will add steel producing capability to the country. The company was incorporated on 31, December 1958 and on 15, November 1963, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, dedicated HEC to the nation. Heavy Engineering Corporation Ltd. (HEC), one of the largest Integrated Engineering Complex in India, manufactures and supplies capital equipments & machineries and renders project execution services required for core sector industries. It has complete manufacturing set up starting from castings & forgings, fabrication, machining, assembly and testing - all located at one location backed by a strong design, engineering and technology team. It has contributed in the indigenization and expansion of Steel Plants and modernization of coal sector. It has saved valuable foreign exchange for the country and most of the products manufactured by it are import substitute in nature.
HEC has special focus in the following sectors:
Space Mining Steel Power & Energy Railway Application Defence The company strongly focuses on reduction of production cost and zero waste management practices to continuously lower down the cost without compromising with the quality to give full worth of money to its customers. Backed by half a century experience, HEC develops requisite skill and technical know-how to design, manufacture and supply correctness of the process and methodology of manufacturing conforming to up-keeping high quality products.
VISION OF THE COMPANY: Heavy Engineering Corporation is committed to productivity. Quality Policy: To achieve and maintain a leading position as supplies of reliable quality products, systems and services to meet customer needs and expectations
MISSION OF THE COMPANY: To improve overall operating efficiency through continuous improvement and innovation. To strive for excellence in all spheres. To assure safe and environmental friendly operations. Intends on value creation for customer, employees and society.
Company is certified with International Certification:- ISO-9001:2008
ACHIEVEMENTS OF HEAVY ENGINEERING CORPORATION: Cyclotron Magnet Poles HEC successfully manufactured Magnet Poles and associated components for VECC (Department of Atomic Energy) and supplied in the year 2002.
Exceptionally low carbon steel. Variation in carbon content within 0.07% and other elements within 0.10%.
Ultra clean steel, free from alloying & tramp elements and gaseous contents.
High Impact Steel for DMRL Two grades of steel 249 A (ABA) and 249 (AB2) developed for application in NAVY.
Excellent Mechanical properties of the material achieved which is the manifestation of its internal soundness and cleanliness of steel composition.
Commercial production of the established grade of steel started.
Contribution to Nuclear Energy
The ultra clean liquid steel has been developed with close supervision on chemical composition & impurities.
HEC has now established the technological processes and controls needed to make forgings for nuclear power sector.
Wheel Lathe for Tramways
Conversion of hydro motor to DC Feed Drive for Horizontal Boring machine.
Major Customers: 1. Steel Sector Steel authority of India- Bokaro, Bhilai,Durgapur & Rourkela Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd.- Vishakhapatnam Tata Iron and Steel Company- Jamshedpur Essar Steel- Gujrat MECON- Ranchi
3. Defense Sector Field Gun Factory- Kanpur Ordinance Factory- Ambernath Gun Carriage Factory- Jabalpur Indian Navy Ordinance Factory- Muradpur
4. Railway Sector Indian Railway Workshops Eastern Zone- Jamalpur, Lilluah, Kanchrapara East Central Zone- Samastipur Central Zone- Allahabad, Amritsar, Alambagh North Western Zone- Ajmer, Jhodpur Southern Zone- Trivandum Diesel Locomotive Works- Varanasi Integral Coach Factory- Chennai Rail Coach Factory- Kapurthala 5. Aluminum Sector Bharat Aluminum Company- Korba National Aluminum Company- Angul 6. Power Sector Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. National Thermal Power Corporation U.P. State Electricity Board Jharkhand State Electricity Board Damodar Valley Project- Durgapur Tamil Nadu Electricity Board
INDIAS LARGEST INTEGRATED ENGINEERING COMPLEX Four Units all located at one place: Heavy Machine Building Plant (HMBP): The Plant has a fenced area of 5, 70,000 Esq. and a floor area of nearly 2, 00,000 Esq. It is well equipped with sophisticated machine tools and handling equipments to undertake manufacture of heavy machinery and equipment of top quality. It is engaged in design and manufacture of equipments and components for Steel Plant, Mining, Mineral Processing, Crushers, Material Handling, Cranes, Power, Cement, Aluminum, Space Research, Nuclear Power etc.. Foundry Forge Plant (FFP): It is the largest foundry and forging complex in India and one of the largest of its kind in the world. The area of the Plant is 13, 16,930 Esq. accommodating 76,000 tones of installed machinery to cope up with the various operations effectively. This Plant is the manufacturer of heavy castings and forgings for various HEC make equipments and related to Steel plant, Defense, Power, Nuclear energy etc.. Manufacturer of Forged Rolls for Steel Plants, Crank Shafts for Railway Loco etc. Heavy Machine Tools Plant (HMTP): Set up in collaboration with M/s Skoda export Czechoslovakia, HMTP is the most modern and sophisticated of its kind in the country which produces machine tools in heavier ranges. The Plant covers an area of over 2,13,500 sq.m. It designs and manufactures medium & heavy duty CNC and conventional Machine Tools for Railways, Defense, Ordnance factories, HAL, Space and other strategic sector.
hin 0.07% and othi
hiCorporate Social Responsibility:
At HEC Ltd. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an essential part of its overall business philosophy. Business should not base its decisions solely on economic criteria but must also consider the ethical, moral and social impact of its decision and actions on society as a large. HEC Ltd. strongly believes that in order to be a good corporate entity it must be sensitive to the needs and aspirations of the community in which it operates. HEC was set up in the backward area of Chotanagpur in the eastern part of India. The company feels it has the responsibility to see the welfare of the people in the neighboring area as well as development of the area. Doctors and medical staff of HEC regularly visit the neighboring villages for free medical treatment, vaccination and for health awareness. Provision of road and facilitating for drinking water are some of the activities extended by HEC. HEC runs a number of schools for the wards of its employee and others living in the vicinity of township. A Technical Training institute is also run for imparting technical skill and knowledge to the local youths for better prospect in life and facilitating the A large industrial area set up near HEC with small workshops of facilities like - fabrications, castings, forgings, machining, electrical repair shop etc..
AN OVERVIEW OF TRAINING SYSTEM AT HEC Ltd. ( Part-I)
NEED OF THE PROJECT IMPORTANCE OF THE TOPIC: (Training & Development)
Training is the corner-stone of sound management, for it makes employees more effective and productive. It is actively and intimately connected with all the personnel and managerial activities. It is an integral part of whole management program. There is an ever present need for training employees so that new and changed techniques may be taken advantage of and improvements affected in the old methods, which are woefully inefficient.
Training is a practical and vital necessity because apart from the above advantages, it enables employees to develop and rise within the organization and increase their market value earning power and job security.
The term training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies. Training has specific goals of improving one's capability, capacity, and performance.
Basic Objectives of Training & Development Activities:
To improve the organizational climate: An endless chain of positive reactions results from a well planed training program. Production and product quality may improve. Increased morale may be due to many factors but one of the most important of these is the current state of an organizations educational Endeavour. To improve health and safety: Proper training can help prevent industrial accidents. A safer work ambience leads to more stable mental attitudes on the part of employees. Managerial mental state would also improve if supervisors know that they can better themselves through company designed development programs. Obsolescence prevention: Training and development programs foster the initiative and creativity of employees and help to prevent manpower obsolescence which may be due to age, temperament or motivation or the inability of a person to adapt him to technological changes,
OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT & RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Definition of the objective of study: To study the training system at HEC Ltd. And to ascertain training need of supervisory and workmen category of employees at HMBP PLANT. Scope of study: This research provides me with an opportunity to explore in the field of Human Resources. It gave me a new approach to understand the importance of training and development activities in an organization. Defining the universe: Total strength of supervisory & workmen category of employees in HMBP plant of HEC Ltd. Methodology for Collecting Data: The present study is based on primary as well as secondary data. Primary data: Primary data relevant to the subject were collected through structured questionnaires & personal interviews by talking to the employees relating to their job description, knowledge & skill in handling their jobs to ascertain their current skill level. Secondary data: A huge amount of secondary data was collected from records & brochures of HEC. A huge amount of data was also collected through internet & guides. THE TRAINING PROCEDURES AT HEC Ltd.
HEC Ltd. adopts a different approach towards training and development activities. The HODs of each department identifies the training needs with HRD of their respective departments. The HRD makes an annual plan related to training at the starting of the year. Under this, the departments are finalized and the months for the programs arranged. According to the annual plan, the monthly plan is chalked out. After considering certain situations, the HRD makes monthly plans for training where the following points are considered: 1. The total number of employees who need training. 2. The trainers need to be arranged from inside or outside the organization. 3. The mode of providing training. 4. Whether the trainees should be provided training inside the organization or outside the organization. 5. Cost benefits analysis. 6. Duration of training programs. 7. The training module. In order to meet the objectives related to the stated quality policy, the head HRD plans out modules based on the identified training needs. The training needs are further analyzed and the mode of training is decided. For the in-house programs, HRD department designs and develops the training modules but for the external programs, head HRD will review and select such programs which will need specific identified training needs. For on-the-job training, design and development is carried out by the faculty who is assigned the task of training. The approved lists of modules are maintained on hard copy or electronic media. A code list of training programs is circulated to all HODs once in a year for information purpose to be used as an aide to identify training needs of personnel under their control. Based on the training needs, the head HRD decides on the mode of providing for training that may be a) Through in-house programs b) Through on-the-job training c) Oriented programs d) Mass coverage training e) Through nominations to external programs
The training is imparted within the department and records of attendance are sent to the HRD department. Where on-the-job training is to be provided, the head HRD organizes with the department for the conduct of such programs. It reviews the bio-data, qualifications, experience profile of the resource persons and approves their engagement as the faculty member for any given topic. In the case of resource persons availed from external sources, organizations or institutions, their selection is done on the basis of their reputation and by virtue of engagement stands approved.
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE
Percentage of employees working at HEC of various age groups (This calculation has been made by considering 30 people only, who were the respondents of questionnaire)
Age-groups Percentage of employees Less than 25 years 13% Btw. 25-40 years 30% Above 40 years 57%
Gender graph (This calculation has been made by considering 30 people only, who were the respondents of the questionnaire)
13% 30% 57% Less than 25 25-40 Above 40
Q) Which type of training programs have been organized mostly?
Male 87% Female 13%
Q) Which is the most important aspect of training and development program?
Safety T. programs 10% Health T. programs 23% Industrial T. programs 54% HRD external prog. & copmuter training 13%
Q) Do you think that training leads to enhancement of your skills?
En. Technical dev 13% En. Professional dev 10% En. Executive dev 13% En. Both P& E dev 64%
Q) Do you have good cooperation/support from your superior?
A 77% UD 17% D 6%
Q) Do you think HEC is a learning organization for employee? A 80% UD 20% D 0% Parameters No. of respondents/30 Percentage Agree 24 80 % Undecided 06 20 % Disagree Nil Nil
A 70% UD 17% D 13% INDENTIFICATION OF TRAINING NEED OF SUPERVISORY & WORKMEN CATEGORY OF EMPLOYEES AT HMBP [ TECHNIQUE OF COMPETENCY MAPPING ] (Part-II)
Competency Mapping or Skill Mapping
Competency mapping determines the extent to which various competencies related to a job are possessed by an individual. Therefore competency mapping is a process a HR expert uses to identify & describe competencies that are most crucial to success in the work situation. It is designed to consistently measure & assess individual & group performance. It identifies an individuals strengths & weaknesses in order to help them better understand themselves.
Objectives of competency mapping 1. GAP ANALYSIS 2. ROLE CLARITY 3. GROWTH PLANS 4. SUCCESSION PLANNING
Tools for Data Collection 1. Behavioral events interview 2. Experts Panels 3. Direct Interview 4. Surveys Steps involved in Competency Mapping
1. Identify the department for mapping 2. Identify the structure of the organization & select the grades & levels for mapping. 3. Derive the job description from individuals & departments. 4. Collect the key performance areas of the individuals for last two to three years from the performance appraisal records. 5. Interview the individual to list the actual knowledge, attribute, skills & other competencies required for the job. 6. Repeat the process with all the set of individuals 7. Analyze & interpret the information with the help of various statistical tools.
Skills Mapping at HMBP Skills required for specific jobs are identified and have been listed after discussion with the departmental heads. Skills can be broadly divided into the following categories 1) Operational skills 2) Quality checking 3) Analytical skills 4) Maintenance skills ( cleaning, inspection, tightening and lubricating ) A radar chart is made based on the skill mapping of the supervisors & workmen. A total of 18 employees (supervisors + workers) were interviewed for whom radar chart has been made depicting their skill gap. There are four levels into which the employees have been divided on basis of their skills: Level 1 - cannot do (Unskilled) Level 2 - can do (Semi Skilled) Level 3 - can do with efficiency (Skilled) Level 4 can teach with efficiency (Highly Skilled) After making the skill mapping analysis the actual level and the required level of an employee becomes clear. After analyzing the gap, the skill development program is planned and conducted. Efforts are made by training intervention to enhance the skill level of the employees from level 1 to level 4. Skill gap analysis leads to employees training THE BENEFITS OF EMPLOYEES TRAINING 1) Leads to improved profitability & more positive attitude towards profit orientation. 2) Improves the job knowledge & skills at all levels of the organization. 3) Improves the morale of the workforce. 4) Helps to create a better corporate image. 5) Aids in understanding & carrying out organizational policies better. 6) Helps prepare guidance for work. 7) Helps employees adjust to change. 8) Aids in developing leadership skills, motivation, loyalty & better attitude. 9) Stimulates preventive management as opposed to putting out fires. 10) Reduces outside consulting cost by utilizing competent internal consultation. 11) Eliminates suboptimal behavior. 12) Aids in handling conflicts, thus reducing stress & trauma.
PRESENTATION OF DATA: SKILL MAPPING OF PERSONELS WORKING IN HMBP- BOILER OPERATOR Serial No. Name Code Grade Skills Required
Treatment of feed water flow circuit skills Operation of flue gas flow circuit skills Operational drum water level gange glass checking skills Safe operational skills 1 Arvind Mishra 644 S2 Actual 3 4 4 3 Target 4 4 4 4 2 Ramesh Bhagat 642 W2 Actual 2 3 3 3 Target 4 4 4 4 3 Ganesh Kr. Singh 845 S3 Actual 3 4 4 4 Target 4 4 4 4 4 Randhir Kr. Chodhary 820 W2 Actual 2 3 3 3 Target 4 4 4 4 5 Laxman Singh 865 S2 Actual 3 4 4 3 Target 4 4 4 4
SKILL MAPPING OF THE PERSONELS WORKING IN HMBP- ELECTRICAL TECHNICIAN Serial No. Name Code Grade Skills Required
Electric Equipment Handling Skills Equipment Maintenance Skills Interlocks Operational Skills Safe Operational Skills 1 Gokul Chandra Mahto 106 W/2 Actual 2 2 2 2 Target 4 4 4 4 2 Mrinal Kanti Bera 647 W/2 Actual 3 4 3 4 Target 4 4 4 4 3 Sanjay Kr. Jha 869 w/2 Actual 3 3 3 4 Target 4 4 4 4 4 Satya Prakash Das 645 W/2 Actual 3 4 4 4 Target 4 4 4 4 5 Krishna Mohan Mahto 712 W/1 Actual 2 2 2 3 Target 4 4 4 4
SKILLS MAPPING OF PERSONELS WORKING IN HMBP- FITTER MAINTENANCE Serial No. Name Code Grade Skills Required Leveling & alignment skills Mounting & dismounting bearing skills Tools & tackles skills Safe operational skills 1 Manoj Tanti 824 W/3 Actual 2 2 2 3 Target 4 4 4 4 2 Sudhir Kr. Pandey 557 W/2 Actual 2 2 2 2 Target 4 4 4 4
SKILLS MAPPING OF PERSONELS WORKING IN HMBP- INSTRUMENT TECHNICIAN Serial No. Name Code Grade Skills Required
Skills of drum level pressure gauge & temperature gauge skills Checking & calibration of all Inst.Temp.Press. & drum level transmitter skills Checking & calibration of pneumatic control valve & power cylinder skills Safe operational skills 1 Mithilesh Jha 674 W/3 Actual 4 4 4 4 Target 4 4 4 4 2 Ram Krishna Samanta 875 W/2 Actual 3 4 4 4 Target 4 4 4 4
SKILLS MAPPING OF PERSONELS WORKING IN HMBP- TECHNICIAN Serial No. Name Code Grade Skills Required
Findings: Proficient in operation of flue gas flow circuit & operational drum water level gange glass checking skills. Deficient in treatment of feed water flow & safe operational skill. Needs training in skill gap area.
Ramesh Bhagat 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Treatment of feed water flow circuit skills Operation of flue gas flow circuit skills Operational drum water level gange glass checking skills Safe operational skills Actual Target HMBP- Boiler Operator Code-600642 Grade-W2
Findings: Deficient in operation of flue gas flow circuit, treatment of feed water flow circuit, operational drum water level gange glass checking skills. Needs training in skill gap area.
Ganesh Kr. Singh Treatment of feed water flow circuit skills Operation of flue gas flow circuit skills Operational drum water level gange glass checking skills Safe operational skills Actual Target HMBP- Boiler Operator Code-600845 Grade-S3
Findings: Deficient in treatment of feed water flow circuit skills. Needs training in skill gap area. Proficient in operation of flue gas flow circuit skills, operational drum water level gange glass checking skills & safe operational skills. Needs training in skill gap area.
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Treatment of feed water flow circuit skills Operation of flue gas flow circuit skills Operational drum water level gange glass checking skills Safe operational skills Actual Target
Randhir Kr. Choudhary HMBP- Boiler Operator Code-600820 Grade-W2
Findings: Deficient in operational drum water level gange glass checking skills, operation of flue gas flow circuit skills, safe operational skills & treatment of feed water flow circuit skills. Needs training in skill gap area.
Laxman Singh 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Treatment of feed water flow circuit skills Operation of flue gas flow circuit skills Operational drum water level gange glass checking skills Safe operational skills Actual Target HMBP- Boiler Operator Code-600865 Grade-S2
Findings: Proficient in operation of flue gas flow circuit skills & operational drum water level gange glass checking skills. Deficient in treatment of feed water flow circuit skills & safe operational skills. Needs training in skill gap area.
Electrical Gokul Chandra Mahto 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Treatment of feed water flow circuit skills Operation of flue gas flow circuit skills Operational drum water level gange glass checking skills Safe operational skills Actual Target HMBP- Electrician Code-600106 Grade-W2
Findings: Deficient in electrical equipment handling, equipment maintenance, interlocks operational skills & safe operational skills. Needs training in skill gap areas.
Findings: Proficient in equipment maintenance and safe operational skills. Deficient in electrical equipment handling and interlocks operational skills. Needs training in the skill gap area.
Findings: Proficient in safe operational skills. Deficient in interlocks operational skills, electrical equipment handling & equipment maintenance. Needs training in the skill gap area.
Findings: Proficient in equipment maintenance, safe operational skills & interlocks operational skills. Deficient in electrical handling skills. Needs training in the skill gap area.
Findings: Deficient in electrical equipment handling, equipment maintenance, interlocks operational skills & safe operational skills. Needs training in the skill gap area.
Findings: Deficient in leveling & alignment, mounting & dismounting, safe operational skills & tools & tackles skills. Needs training in the skill gap areas.
Findings: Proficient in all the aspects. Training is not required.
Ram Krishna Samanta HMBP- Instr. Technician Grade-W2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Skills of drum level pre. Gauge & temp. gauge skills Checking & calibration of all inst.temp.pre. & drum level trasmiter skills Checking & calibration of pneumatic control valve & power cylinder skills Safe operational skills Actual Target
Findings: Proficient in checking & calibration of all inst., temp., press, drum level transmitter & checking & calibration of pneumatic control valve & power & safe operational skills. Deficient in drum level pressure gauge & temperature gauge skills. Needs training in the skill gap area.
Technician Niranjan Mallik 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Skills of drum level pre. Gauge & temp. gauge skills Checking & calibration of all inst.temp.pre. & drum level trasmiter skills Checking & calibration of pneumatic control valve & power cylinder skills Safe operational skills Actual Target HMBP- Technician Code-600583 Grade-W2
Findings: Deficient in leveling & alignment skills, mounting & dismounting skills, lubrication skills & tools & tackles skills. Needs training in the skill gap area.
Findings: Deficient in leveling & alignment skills, lubrication skills, mounting & dismounting skills & tools & tackles skills. Needs training in the skill gap area.
Findings: Deficient in bearing Deficient in bearing mounting & dismounting, lubrication, leveling & alignment skills & safe operational skills. Needs training in the skill gap area.
Findings: Proficient in high pressure welding skills. Deficient in safe operational skills, drawing skills & tools & tackles skills. Needs training in the skill gap area.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 High pressure welding skills Drawing Skills Tools & tackles skills Safe operational skills Actual Target 1) It was found that, at HEC mostly industrial training programs have been organized, safety training programs have been neglected. Suggestion: To organize some safety training programs. 2) In my study I have found that professional & executive development is the most important aspect of T&D programs. 3) Majority of personals were satisfied with the quality of training programs at HEC Ltd. 4) Majority of personals said that, they are being given freedom during the training programs. 5) Most of the personals said that, there is a cooperative attitude during the training programs. 6) Training need in all fields of electricity department & fitter department. 7) Extreme skill gap in boiler section. Suggestion: Attention is required in this section to fill the gap by providing adequate training. 8) In technical section there is need of training programs in tools & tackles & mounting & dismounting. Workers are lacking in these fields. 9) During the visit I observed that most of the employees were tensed, due to which their working efficiency decreases which affect the overall productivity. Suggestion: Some kind of stress management program should be organized.
LIMITATIONS 1) Since it was impossible to study the whole universe, only a part of it has been studied. 2) The time was another limiting factor. 3) Some respondents were resistant to fill the questionnaire. 4) This report has been prepared by a student and not by a professional expert.
BIBLIOGRAPHY Books: 1 Personal & Human Resource Management- David A. Decenzo & Stephen P. Robins (2004) 2 Personal Management- A. Monappa (2003) 3 Human Resource Management- K Aswathappa 4 Human Resource Management- V.S.P Rao ( 2008) 5 Zenger, J.H. Hargis (1982) Assessment of training Results, Its time to take the plunge- Training & Development Journal.