Ngữ Pháp Và Bài Tập Lớp 11

Ting Anh 11 (Ng php + Bi tp)
TO-INFINITIVES / BARE INFINITIVES / GERUNS

(!"ng t# ng$%&n '($ )* +t,-. ng$%&n '($ /h0ng +t,-. 12nh 3"ng t#)
14 T,-in5initi67 / In5initi67 8ith t,
* ng t nguyn mu co to c dung lam:
- Ch ng ca cu: To become a Iamous singer is her dream.
- B ng cho ch ng: What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand.
- Tn ng ca ng t It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home.
- Tn ng ca tinh t I`m pleased to see you.
9 V + t,-in5
- hope: hy vong - oIIer: nghi - expect: mong i
- plan: ln k hoach - reIuse: t chi - want: mun
- promise: hua - pretend: gia vo - Iail: tht bai, hong
- attempt: c gng, n luc - tend: co khuynh hong - threaten: e doa
- intend: inh - seem: dong nh - decide: quyt inh
- manage: xoay so, c gng - agree: ng y - ask: yu cu
- aIIord: ap ung - arrange: sp xp - tell: bao
- appear: hinh nh - learn: hoc/ hoc cach - invite: moi
- would like - oIIer: cho, tng, nghi
* Trong cac cu truc:
+ It t2/7: / t,,/ + O + th;i gi2n + t,-in5
+ )h< '=) 3>)h
b ng cho danh t hoc ai t: S + V + N,$n / p?,n,$n + t,-in5
I have some letters to write.
Is there anything to eat?
It + @7 + 21A + t,-in5B tht . ..
Ex: It is interesting to study English
S + @7 + 21A + t,-in5
Ex: I`m happy to receive your latter.
+ S + V + t,, + 21A / 216 + t,-in5
+ S + V + 21A / 216 + 7n,$gh + t,-in5
+ S + 5in1 / thin/ / @7Ci767 + it + 21A + t,-in5
Ex: I Iind it diIIicult to learn English vocabulary.
- Sau cac t nghi vn: what, who, which, when, where, how,. (nhng thng khng dng sau why)
Ex: I don`t know what to say.
9 N,t7B
- allow / permit/ advise / recommend O to-inI She allowed me to use her pen.
- allow / permit / advise / recommend V-ing She didn`t allow smoking in her room
II4 B2?7 in5initi67 / In5initi67 8ith,$t t,
9 V + O + @2?7 in5
- let - make - had better - would rather
N,t7 @7 + '217 + t,-in5
- help V1 / to-inI
- help O V1 / to-inI
- help O with N
Ex: My brother helped me 1, my homework.
My brother helped me t, 1, my homework.
My brother helped me 8ith '% h,'78,?/.
9 !"ng t# )h< gi) D$2n
1
- Cac ng t chi tri giac: h72?. :,$n1. :'7CC. t2:t7. 577C. 82t)h. n,ti)7. :77. Ci:t7n. 5in1 44 + O + V1
(chi su hoan tt ca hanh ng nghe hoc thy toan b su vic din ra)
Ex: I saw her get oII the bus.
- Cac ng t chi tri giac: h72?. :,$n1. :'7CC. t2:t7. 577C. 82t)h. n,ti)7. :77. Ci:t7n. 5in1 44 + O + V-ing
(chi su vic ang din ra)
Ex: I smell something burning in the kitchen.
III4 GERUN (V-ing)
* Danh ng t co th c dung lam:
- Ch t ca cu: Swimming is my Iavourite sport.
- B ng ca ng t: My hobby is collecting stamps.
- Tn ng ca ng t: I enjoy traveling.
* V + V-ing
- mention: cp n - quit: t bo - risk: co nguy co
- Iancy: thich - deny: ph nhn - involve: lin quan
- detest: ghet - encourage: khich l - consider: xem xet
- imagine: tong tng - miss: bo l - It is no use: khng co ich
- It is no good: khng tt - postpone: hon lai - suggest: nghi
- practice: luyn tp - Iinish - admit: tha nhn
- avoid: tranh - mind: ngai - delay: hon
- hate: ghet
- waste / spend: lng phi, bo ra (thoi gian, tin bac)
- have diIIiculty / trouble: gp kho khn/tro ngai
- can`t help: khng th khng
- can`t stand / can`t bear: khng chiu ung ni
- Ieel like: cam thy thich
- look Iorward to: mong cho, mong i
- It is (not) worth: ang / khng ang
- keep / keep on: tip tuc
- be busy
- be used to / get used to
* Sau cc lin t: aIter, beIore, when, while, since,.
Ex: AIter 5ini:hing his homework, he went to bed.
* Sau cc gii t: on, in, at, with, about, Irom, to, without, ..
Ex: My sister is interested in Ci:t7ning to pop music.
IV4 INFINITIVE OR GERUN (T,-in5 / V-ing)
14 Eh0ng th2% 3Fi nghG2B
- begin / start / continue/ like / love To-inI / V-ing
Ex: It started to rain / raining.
H4 Th2% 3Fi nghG2B
+ ?7'7'@7? / 5,?g7t / ?7g?7t + V-ingB nhI / D$&n/ n$Ji ti) 6iK) 3L MN% ?2 ?Oi (t?,ng D$ /hP)
+ ?7'7'@7? / 5,?g7t / ?7g?7t + t,-in5B nhI / D$&n/ n$Ji ti) 6iK) )hQ2. :Rp MN% ?2 (t?,ng tQSng C2i)
Ex: Don`t Iorget to turn oII the light when you go to bed.
I remember meeting you some where but I can`t know your name.
Remember to send her some Ilowers because today is her birthday.
+ :t,p + V-ingB 1#ng hTn 6iK) gU
+ :t,p + t,-in5B 1#ng V44 3W V
Ex: He stopped smoking because it is harmIul Ior his health.
On the way home, I stopped at the post oIIice to buy a newspaper.
+ t?% + V-ingB thX
2
+ t?% + t,-in5B )J gRng
+ n771 + V-ing Y n771 + t, @7 + VZB )[n 3Q\) (@] 3"ng)
+ n771 + t,-in5B )[n ()h^ 3"ng)
Ex: I need to wash my car.
My car is very dirty. It needs washing / to be washed.
+ _`$ t?a) nh; 6NB
S + h267 + O ngQ;i + V1 + O 6t 444
S + h267 + O 6t + VZ/-71 + (@% + O ngQ;i) 444
S + g7t + O ngQ;i + t,-in5 + O 6t
S + g7t + O 6t + VZ/-71 + (@% + O ngQ;i)

Exercise: Choose the best answer:
1. Many young people are Iond oI -------------- Iootball and other kinds oI sports.
A. play B. to play C. playing D. played
2. They couldn`t help -------------- when they heard the little boy singing a love song.
A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughed
3. Your house needs -------------- .
A. redecorated B. redecorating C. being redecorated D. to redecorate
4. I remember -------------- them to play in my garden.
A. to allow B. allow C. allowing D. allowed
5. It was a nasty memory. Do you remember both oI us wearing sunglasses to avoid -------------- by
the supervisors?
A. to recognize B. to be recognized C. recognizing D. being
recognized
6. I can`t bear thinking back oI that time. I`d rather -------------- equally.
A. treat B. be treated C. have treated D. treating
7. Did you accuse Nam oI -------------- a plate? Well, I saw him -------------- it oII the table with his
elbow.
A. break/ knock B. breaking/ knocking C. to break/ to knock D. breaking/ knock
8. We Iound it very diIIicult -------------- with Gamma.
A. to work B. work C. working D. worked
9. I can`t read when I am traveling. It makes me -------------- sick.
A. Ieel B. to Ieel C. Ielt D. Ieeling
10. I need -------------- what`s in the letter. Why don`t you let me -------------- it?
A. to know/ to read B. know/ read C. to know/ read D. knowing/ read
11. I suggest -------------- some more mathematical puzzles.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
12. We regret -------------- you that we cannot approve your suggestion.
A. inIorm B. to inIorm C. inIorming D. inIormed
13. The driver stopped -------------- a coIIee because he Ielt sleepy.
A. have B. to have C. having D. had
14. Have you ever considered -------------- a pharmacist?
A. become B. becoming C. to become D. became
15. You had better -------------- at home until you Ieel better.
A. staying B. stayed C. to stay D. stay
3
16. I remember -------------- my mother said the grass in the garden needed --------------.
A. to hear/cutting B. hear/cut C. heard/to cut D. hearing/ cutting
17. Peter sometimes help his sister --------------.
A. do homework B. to do homework C. with homework D. all are correct
18. I would rather -------------- at home than --------------out with you.
A. staying/going B. to stay/ to go C. stay/go D. stayed/went
19. I would rather you --------------.
A. drive B. to drive C. drove D. driven
20. She didn`t say a word and leIt the room.
A. She leIt the room without saying a word B. She leaving the room without saying a
word
C. She leIt the room saying a word D. She leIt the room to say a word.
21. My Iather wanted me -------------- a pilot.
A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became
22. Please wait a minute. My boss is busy -------------- something.
A. write B. writing C. to write D. to writing
23. My teacher doesn`t allow us -------------- while he is explaining the lesson.
A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked
24. We have plenty oI time. We needn`t --------------
A. hurry B. to hurry C. hurrying D. hurried
25. I promised -------------- on time. I mustn`t -------------- late.
A. be/be B. to be/to be C. to be/ be D. be/to be
26. Mary and I are looking Iorward -------------- you.
A. oI seeing B. Ior seeing C. to seeing D. to see
27. I`m sure that he knows -------------- this new machine.
A. to use B. using C. how using D. how to use
28. Psychiatrists and doctors have Iailed -------------- people not to drink.
A. to tell B. telling C. tell D. told
29. The students are used to -------------- in the school library.
A. working B. work C. to work D. worked
30. Our room needs -------------- up.
A. tidied B. to tide C. tidy D. tidying
31. Mercury`s low gravity makes you -------------- very light in a spaceship.
A. Ieel B. Ieeling C. to Ieel D. Ielt
32. ' Was the test long?. ' Yes, John was the only one -------------- it
A. to Iinish B. Iinishing C. Iinished D. Iinish
33. A lots oI needs -------------- to the house beIore anyone can move in.
A. be done B. doing C. to do D. done
34. It is about time you -------------- harder Ior the next exam.
A. worked B. working C. work D. to work
35. II he really doesn`t Ieel like ------------ now, I suggested that he should go out Ior some Iresh air.
A. work B. to work C. worked D. working
TENSES (ThU)
14 biKn tci 3Sn (Si'pC7 p?7:7nt)
S + V1/(:/7:)
4
S + 1,ndt / 1,7:ndt + V1
eh- + 1, / 1,7: + S + V1Vf
- Dung chi cac hanh ng thoi quen, mang tinh cht lp i lp lai.
Ex: She usually gets up at 6 A.m.
- Dung chi cac su kin va su tht hin nhin, chn ly.
Ex:Water Ireezes at 0 degree centigrade.
- hanh ng trong tong lai c a vao chong trinh, k hoach.
Ex: The new school year begins on September 5
th
.
* Du hiu nhn bit:
every (every day, every week, every night,...)
often, soeties, usually, always, fre!uently, as a rule..
twice a wee", once a wee"..
H4 biKn tci tip 1ign (h?7:7nt p?,g?7::i67)
S + 2' / i: / 2?7 + V-ing
S + 2' / i: 2?7 + n,t + V-ing
eh- + 2' / i: / 2?7 + S + V-ingVf
- Dung chi mt hanh ng ang din ra trong luc noi.
Ex: Listen! The bird is singing.
I am studying now.
- Mt hanh ng du kin trong tong lai gn c sp xp xong.
Ex: They are playing tennis next week.
- Voi ch 2C82%: din ta mt hanh ng thong lp lai thong xuyn, hay mt loi phan nan.
Ex: He is always taking exams. He is always studying.
- Hai hanh ng xay ra song song o hin tai
Ex: She is cooking dinner while her husband is watching T.V now.
- Hanh dng co tinh cht tam thoi
Ex: I oIten go to work by bus but today I am going by motorbike.
* Du hiu nhn bit:
- Cu bt u bng mt mnh lnh nh: #isten$, #oo"$, %ay attention$, &ee' silent$ (e !uiet$....
hoc cac cum t: now, right now, at the oent, at the 'resent, to)ay, while, next.(chi mt du
inh)
Z4 biKn tci h,n thnh ( h?7:7nt p7?57)t) B
S + h267 / h2: + VZ/-71
S + h267ndt / h2:ndt + VZ/-71
eh- + h267 / h2: + S + VZ/-71Vf
* Cach dung:
- Mt hanh ng xay ra trong qua khu nhng khng co thoi gian xac inh.
Ex: I haven`t met him beore.
- Mt hanh ng va moi xay ra, hay va moi hoan tt.
Ex: She has !ust gone out.
- Mt hanh ng xay ra trong qua khu, keo dai n hin tai va co th tip tuc trong tong lai.
Ex: My Iather has worked in this company or "# years.
* Du hiu nhn bit:
never, ever, since, for, recently, lately, *ust, alrea)y, so far, u' to now, u' to the 'resent, until
now, before (troc y), yet, (dung trong cu ph inh va cu hoi), any ties, several ties, how
long, this is the first tie + the secon) tie, four ties , five ties.
i4 j$ /hP 3Sn ( Si'pC7 h2:t)
S + VH/-71
S + 1i1ndt + V1
5
eh- + 1i1 + S + V1Vf
* Cach dung:
- Mt hanh ng xay ra va hoan tt o thoi gian xac inh trong qua khu.
Ex: We bought this car two years ago.
- Mt thoi quen trong qua khu.
Ex: When I was young, I oIten went swimming with my Iriends in this river.
- Mt chui hanh ng trong qua khu
Ex: I entered the room, turned on the light, went to the kitchen and had dinner.
* Du hiu nhn bit:
yester)ay ( yesterday morning, yesterday aIternoon,...)
last ( last year, last night, last week, last month..)
ago ( two years ago, many months ago, ten minutes ago..)
in year in the past ( mt nm nao o trong qua khu: in 1999, in 2001.)
k. j$ /hP tip 1ign ( h2:t ),ntin$,$:) B
S + 82: / 87?7 + V-ing
S + 82: / 87?7 + n,t + V-ing
eh- + 82: / 87?7 + S + V-ingVf
* Cach dung:
- Mt hanh ng ang din ra tai m$t thi %i&m '(c %)nh trong *u( kh+.
Ex: What were you doing at , -m yesterday?
- Mt hanh ng ang xay ra trong qua khu thi mt hanh ng khac xay ra ct ngang.
Ex: Mai was watching TV when I came home.
When they were having dinner, she entered their room.
- Hai hanh ng xay ra song song trong qua khu.
Ex:While her mother was cooking dinner, her Iather was reading books.
* Du hiu nhn bit:
At gio thoi gian trong qua khu
At thi:/ th2t ti'7 thoi gian trong qua khu
hi hai mnh ni voi nhau bng ch 8h7n hoc 8hiC7.
Hai hanh ng xay ra trong qua khu: hanh ng ngn dung qua khu on hanh ng dai dung qua khu
tip din.
l4 j$ /hP h,n thnh ( h2:t p7?57)t)
S + h21 + VZ/-71
S + h21ndt + VZ/-71
eh- + h21 + S + VZ/-71Vf
* Cach dung:
- Mt hanh ng xay ra troc mt hanh ng khac trong qua khu.
Ex: He had leIt the house beIore she came.
- Mt hanh ng xay ra troc mt thoi im xac inh trong qua khu.
Ex: We had had lunch by two o`clock yesterday.
By the age oI 25, he had written two Iamous novels.
* Du hiu nhn bit: before, after, when, by the tie, as soon as, as../ by thoi gian trong qua khu
m4 TQSng C2i 3Sn ( Si'pC7 5$t$?7) B
S + 8iCC / :h2CC + V1
S + 8,ndt / :h2ndt + V1
eh- + 8iCC + S + V1Vf
* Cach dung:
- Mt hanh ng co th, hay co l xay ra trong tong lai.
Ex: - They will come here next week.
6
- The Iootball match will be over at 7 o`clock.
- Mt loi nghi hay mt yu cu (o th nghi vn)
Ex: Will you go to the cinema with me?
- Mt quyt inh a ra vao thoi im noi
Ex: The bag is very heavy. I`ll help you.
* Du hiu nhn bit:
next. ( next week, next month, ...), soe)ay, toorrow, soon, in + n, trong t-.ng
lai/at th0i gi0 trong t-.ng lai
* _ha n: din ta mt hanh ng co du inh hay mt du oan trong tong lai, ta co th dung BE
GOING TO + V1:
S + 2' / i: / 2?7 + g,ing t, + V1
Ex: - Where are you going to spend your summer holiday?
- Look at those clouds! It is going to rain.
o4 TQSng C2i h,n thnh ( F$t$?7 p7?57)t) :
S + 8iCC h267 + VZ/-71
S + 8,ndt h267 + VZ/-71
eh- + 8iCC + S + h267 + VZ/-71Vf
* Cach dung:
- Mt hanh ng s hoan tt troc mt thoi im o tong lai hay mt hanh ng khac o tong lai.
Ex: By lunch time, I will have typed Iive letters.
* Du hiu nhn bit:
by + 1c th0i gian, by the tie, by then
Exercise: Choose the best answer:
1. I -------------- this Iilm twice.
A. see B. saw C. will see D. have seen
2. AIter -------------- her perIormance, she invited the audience to ask questions.
A. she Iinishes B. Iinished C. Iinishing D. she will Iinish
3. His Iather -------------- oI cancer last year.
A. will die B. has died C. died D. had died
4. The train -------------- when we got to the station.
A. just leIt B. just leaves C. has just leIt D. had just leIt
5. As soon as Martina saw the Iire, she -------------- the Iire department.
A. was telephoning B. telephoned C. had telephoned D. has telephoned
6. BeIore JenniIer won the lottery, she -------------- any kind oI contest.
A. hasn`t entered B. doesn`t enter C. wasn`t entering D. hadn`t entered
7. Every time Parkas sees a movie made in India, he -------------- homesick.
A. will have leIt B. Ielt C. Ieels D. is Ieeling
8. Since I leIt Venezuela six years ago, I -------------- to visit Iriends and Iamily several times.
A. return B. will have returned C. am returning D. have returned
9. Yesterday while I was attending a sales meeting, Mathew -------------- on the company annual
report.
A. was working B. had been working C. has worked D. works
10. When my parents -------------- Ior a visit tomorrow, they will see our new baby Ior the Iirst time.
A. will arrive B. arrived C. arrive D. will have arrived
11. The last time I -------------- in Athens, the weather was hot and humid.
A. had been B. was C. am D. will have been
7
12. AIter the race --------------, the celebration began
A. had been won B. is won C. will be won D. has been won
13. Andy -------------- out oI the restaurant when he -------------- Jenny
A. came/saw B. is coming /saw C. came/was seeing D. was coming/had seen
14. While he was washing his car, Mr. Brown -------------- a small dint in the rear Iender.
A. has discovered B. was discovering C. is discovering D. discovered
15. Linda has lost her passport again. It`s the second time this --------------.
A. has happened B. happens C. happened D. had happened
16. At this time tomorrow, we -------------- our Iinal exam.
A. will have taking B. will be taken C. would take D. will be taking
17. The baby --------------. Don`t make so much noise.
A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. slept
18. Peter said he -------------- a test the Iollowing day.
A. had had B. will have C. has had D. would have
19. It is not so hot today as it -------------- yesterday.
A. is B. was C. would be D. had been
20. -------------- a party next Saturday. We have sent out the invitation.
A. we had B. we have C. we`ll have D. we have had
21. I`m very tired -------------- over Iour hundred miles to day.
A. I drive B. I`ve driven C. I`m driving D. I`ve been driving
22. I`m busy at the moment . -------------- on the computer.
A. I work B. I`m worked C. I`m working D. I worked
23. Our Iriends -------------- meet us at the airport tonight.
A. are B. are going to C. go to D. will be to
24. I will tell Anna all the news when -------------- her
A. I`ll see B. I`m going to see C. I see D. I`m seeing
25. Don`t worry, I -------------- here to help you
A. be B. will be C. am going to be D. won`t be
26. When I entered the room, everyone --------------.
A. has been dancing B. was dancing C. had danced D. danced
27. BeIore the invention oI the steamboat there -------------- no way to cross the ocean.
A. has been B. could have been C. had been D. would be
28. He said that he -------------- his homework since 7 o`clock.
A. had done B. did C. has done D. was doing
29. Tom said everything -------------- ready when the match --------------.
A. will be/starts B. would be/started C. is/started D. will be/started
30. How long -------------- able to drive? - Since 1990.
A. could you B. have you been C. were you D. are you
31. She wont get married until she -------------- 25 years old.
A. is B. will be C. had been D. was.
32. Look. The yard is wet. It -------------- last night.
A. must rain B. couldn`t have rained C. must have rained D. should have rained
33. AIter Mary -------------- her degree, she intends to work in her Iathers company.
A. will Iinish B. is Iinishing C. Iinishes D. will have
Iinished
8
34. When he -------------- all the letters, he took them to the post oIIice.
A. has written B. had written C. wrote D. had been
writing
35. By the end oI this month, I -------------- English Ior 6 years.
A. have learnt B. will have learnt C. had learnt D. learnt
36. We -------------- in touch with each other Ior years.
A. will not keep B. are not keeping C. did not keep D. have not kept
37. She has learnt rench -------------- the age oI Iive.
A. since B. Ior C. beIore D. in
38. Tom -------------- beIore we arrived there.
A. has leIt B. had leIt C. will leave D. leaves
39. p to now, I -------------- a lot oI inIormation about her.
A. learnt B. have learnt C. will learn D. would learn
40. Wait here until I -------------- you.
A. am going to call B. will call C. am calling D. call
41. When I came to visit her, she -------------- a bath.
A. was having B. has C. is having D. had
REhORTE ShEE_b (_p$ tQ;ng th$t)
Cu gian tip la cu dung thut lai ni dung ca loi noi truc tip.
a. Nu ng t ca mnh tong thut dung o thi hin tai thi khi i sang cu gian tip ta chi i
ngi khng i thi ca ng t va trang t.
Ex: She says: 'I am a teacher.
She says that :h7 i: a teacher.
Ex: 'I am writing a letter now Tom says.
Tom says that h7 i: 8?iting a letter now.
b. Nu ng t ca mnh tong thut dung o thi qua khu thi khi chuyn sang cu gian tip ta i
ngi, thi ca ng t, trang t chi thoi gian va noi chn.
I4 Th2% 3Fi ng0i (!ci t# nhpn MQng. !ci t# :q h$ 6 T>nh t# :q h$)
14 Ng0i thP nh`t: dua vao )h^ t# ca mnh tong thut thong i sang ngi thu ba
I He / She me him / her my his / her
We They us them our their
Ex: He said: 'I learned English.
He said that ---------------------------------- English.
Ex: She said to me, 'My mother gives me a present.
She t,C1 me that -------------------------------------------------
H4 Ng0i thP h2i: (0ou/ your)
- et y ngha ca cu va i cho phu hp, thong i dua vao ta) t# ca mnh tong thut
Ex: Mary said: 'You are late again.
Mary said that you 87?7 late again.
Ex: 'I will meet you at the airport, he said to me.
He told me that --------------------------------------------------------------
Z4 Ng0i thP @2 (He / She / Him / Her / His / They / Them / Their): gi nguyn, khng i
II4 Th2% 3Fi 6r thU t?,ng )p$B
IRE_T INIRE_T
9
Simple present - V1 /V:(7:)
Present progressive 2' / i: / 2?7 + V-ing
Present perIect h267 / h2: + h4h
Present perIect progressive h267 / h2: @77n +V-ing
Simple past VH / -71
Past progressive 82: / 87?7 + V-ing
Simple Iuture 8iCC + V1
uture progressive 8iCC @7 + V-ing
Simple past VH / V-71
Past progressive 82: / 87?7 + V-ing
Past perIect h21 + h4h
Past perIect progressive - h21 @77n + V-ing
Past perIect h21 + h4h
Past perIect progressive h21 @77n +V-ing
uture in the past - 8,$C1 + V1
uture progressive in the past - 8,$C1 @7 + V-ing
III4 Th2% 3Fi )) t?cng t# )h< th;i gi2n 6 nSi )hJnB
IRE_T INIRE_T
Now
Here
This
These
Today
Yesterday
Last year
Tonight
Tomorrow
Next month
Ago
Then
There
That
Those
That day
The day beIore / the previous day
The year beIore / the previous year
That night
The Iollowing day / the next day
The Iollowing month / the next month
BeIore
_s_ TbAt !uI _v Tbw _bO TxNG yOzI _{U TRONG y|I N}I GIsN TI~h
14 _OANS / REjUESTS (_p$ 'Knh CKnh. )p$ 3r ngh])
- Knh CKnh /hTng 3]nhB
i?7)tB S + V + OB +V1 + O V-
In1i?7)tB S + 2:/71 / t,C1 + O + t, + V1 + V4
Ex: He said to her: 'eep silent, please. He told her ------------------------------------
'Wash your hands beIore having dinner, Lan. The mother said.
The mother told Lan ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Knh CKnh ph^ 3]nhB
i?7)tB S + V + OB +,ndt + V1 + V-
In1i?7)tB S + 2:/71 / t,C1 + O + n,t + t,+ V1 V4
Ex: 'Don`t Iorget to phone me this aIternoon, he said.
He ?7'in171 me --------------------------------------- ---------------
The teacher said to the students: 'Don`t talk in the class.
The teacher -------------------------------------------------------------------
Tuy theo ng canh trong loi noi ng t tong thut said hoc said to co th i thanh tol), as"e),
a)vise), 'ersua)e), )irecte), begge), encourage), .
Ex: The doctor said to his patient: 'Do exercise regularly.
The doctor ------------------------------------------------------------------------
H4 STATEENT (_p$ t?[n th$t)
i?7)tB S + V + (O) B +)C2$:7-
In1i?7)tB S + t,C1 / :2i1 + (O) + (th2t) + )C2$:7
2ote: said to told
Ex: Tom said, 'I want to visit my Iriend this weekend.
Tom said (that) ------------------------------------------------------------------------
She said to me, 'I am going to Dalat next summer.
She t,C1 me (that) -------------------------------------------------------------------
10
Z4 jUESTIONS (_p$ hi)
24 t7: N, D$7:ti,n
i?7)tB S + V + (O) B +A$M4 V + S + V1 + OV4f-
In1i?7)tB S + 2:/71 + O + i5 / 8h7th7? + S + V + O V4
Ex: He asked: 'Have you ever been to Japan, Mary? He asked Mary --------------------------------
'Did you go out last night, Tan? I asked I asked Tan -------------------------------------------------
@4 eh D$7:ti,n
i?7)tB S + V + (O)B +eh- + A$M4 V + S + V1 + O f-
In1i?7)tB S + 2:/71 + O + eh- + S + V + O4
Ex: 'How long are you waiting Ior the bus? he asked me.
He 2:/71 me -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
'Where did you go last night, Tom? the mother asked.
The mother 2:/71 Tom ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
i4 ANb !NG Tx (V-ING) TRONG y|I N}I GIsN TI~h
hi loi noi truc tip la loi nghi , chuc mng, cam on, xin li, .ng t tong thut cung voi
danh ng t (V-ing) theo sau no thong c dung chuyn tai ni dung loi noi trn.
24 R7p,?ting V7?@ + V-ing + V4
1eny (-h2 nh3n)/ admit (th4a nh3n)/ suggest (%5 ngh))/ regret (nu6i ti7c)/ a--reciate (%(nh gi(
cao/ c8m k9ch)
Ex: Peter said: 'I didn`t steal the painting. Peter 17ni71 :t72Cing the painting.
'Why don`t we go out Ior a walk? said the boy. The boy :$gg7:t71 g,ing out Ior a walk.
@4 R7p,?ting V7?@ + (S,'7,n7) + h?7p,:iti,n + V-ing + V4
- thank someone Ior (cam on ai v ..)
- accuse someone oI (buc ti ai v .)
- congratulate someone on (chuc mng ai v ..)
- warn someone against (canh bao ai v ..)
- dream oI (mo v .)
- object to (chng i v ..)
- apologize someone Ior (xin li ai v .)
- insist on (khng khng di .)
- complain about (phan nan v ..)
Ex: 'I`m happy to know that you win the game. Congratulations!, Jim said to Mary.
Jim --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I said to the boy: 'Don`t play ball near the restricted area.
I -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Daisy said: 'I want to be a Iamous singer in the world.
Daisy --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2ote:
14 eh% 1,ndt %,$ / eh% n,t / b,8 2@,$t :$gg7:t71 + (:,'7,n7) + V-ing V
Ex: 'Why don`t you send her some Ilowers? he said.
He :$gg7:t71 '7 :7n1ing her some Ilowers.
H4 y7td: :$gg7:t71 + V-ing V
y7td: n,t :$gg7:t71 + n,t + V-ing V
Ex: 'Let`s meet outside the cinema, he said.
He :$gg7:t71 '77ting outside the cinema.
She said: 'Let`s not talk about that problem again.
She :$gg7:t71 n,t t2C/ing about that problem again.
Z4 Sh2CC 87 / Itd: 2 g,,1 i172 :$gg7:t71 + V-ing V
Ex: 'It`s a good idea to go Ior a picnic this weekend, she said.
She :$gg7:t71 g,ing Ior a picnic that weekend.
11
k4 !NG Tx NGUtN U (TO-INFINITIVE) TRONG y|I N}I GIsN TI~h
hi loi noi gian tip la mt loi nghi, mnh lnh, y inh, loi hua, loi yu cu, .ng t tong
thut cung voi ng t nguyn mu theo sau no thong c dung chuyn tai ni dung loi noi nay.
24 R7p,?ting V7?@ + T,-in5 V
- agree demand (i hoi) guarantee (bao am)
- hope promise swear (th)
- threaten (e doa) volunteer oIIer (a ra nghi)
- reIuse consent (bng lng) decide
Ex: 'I will give you my book iI you need it, said my Iriend.
My Iriend ,557?71 t, gi67 me her book iI I needed it.
@4 R7p,?ting V7?@ + O@A7)t + T,-in5 V
- ask advise command (ra lnh)
- expect instruct (hong dn) invite
- order (ra lnh) persuade (thuyt phuc) recommend (khuyn)
- remind (nhc nho) encourage (c v) tell
- urge (thuc giuc) warn (canh bao) want
Ex: 'Don`t Iorget to lock the door, I said to my sister.
I ?7'in171 my sister t, C,)/ the door.
Ann said: 'Come to my place whenever you are Iree.
Ann in6it71 me t, ),'7 to her place whenever I was Iree.
2ote:
14 y;i 3r ngh]B e,$C1 %,$ / ),$C1 %,$ / eiCC %,$ / _2n %,$ 2:/71 + :,'7,n7 + t,-in5
e,$C1 %,$ 'in1 / , %,$ 'in1 + V-ing 2:/71 + :,'7,n7 + t,-in5
Ex: 'Can you read the instructions again? she said.
She 2:/71 me t, ?721 the instructions again.
He said: 'Would you mind opening the door, please?
He 2:/71 me t, ,p7n the door.
H4 y;i ';iB e,$C1 %,$ Ci/7 / eiCC %,$ in6it71 :,'7,n7 + t,-in5
Ex: 'Will you have lunch with me? he said.
He in6it71 me t, h267 lunch with him.
Z4 y;i /h$%&nB b21 @7tt7? / I5 I 87?7 %,$ / eh% 1,ndt %,$ 216i:71 :,'7,n7 + t,-in5
Ex: 'II I were you, I would phone her, he said.
He 216i:71 me t, ph,n7 her.
l4 _{U !IU EIN TRONG y|I N}I GIsN TI~h
Nu trong loi noi truc tip co cu iu kin thi chi co cu iu kin loai 1 la thay i v thi, cu
iu kin loai 2 va 3 vn gi nguyn hinh thuc ng t ca chung.
Ex: 'II I have time, I will visit her, he said.
He said that iI h7 h21 time h7 8,$C1 6i:it her.
She said: 'II I had enough money, I would buy a car.
She said that iI :h7 h21 enough money :h7 8,$C1 @$% a car.
He said to me : 'II I had met you, I would have told you the truth.
He told me that iI he h21 '7t me he 8,$C1 h267 t,C1 me the truth.
EM7?)i:7B Choose the best answer:
1. He asked them --------------.
A. help him B. should help him C. to help him D. help to him
2. She said that she -------------- there the year beIore.
A. went B. had gone C. would go D. goes
12
3. Peter asked Jane why -------------- the Iilm on T.V the previous night.
A. didn`t she watch B. hadn`t she watched
C. she doesn`t watch D. she hadn`t watched
4. They said they -------------- us iI we needed.
A. help B. helped C. would help D. had helped
5. He advised them -------------- in class.
A. to not talk B. not to talk C. to talk not D. don`t talk
6. She said to us 'Don`t be late again.
A. She said us not to be late again. B. She told us to be not late again.
C. She told to us not to be late again. D. She told us not to be late again.
7. 'John shouldn`t have behaved so badly., said Janet.
A. Janet doesnt like Johns behaviors. B. Janet was angry with John.
C. Janet disliked John. D. Janet objected to Johns behaviors.
8. John said 'You had better not lend them any money, Daisy.
A. John said Daisy not to lend them any money.
B. John advised Daisy should not lend any money.
C. John said to Daisy not lend them any money.
D. John advised Daisy not to lend them any money.
9. 'I`m sorry I have to leave so early`, he said.
A. He apologized Ior having to leave early. B. He apologized to have to leave early.
C. He apologized that he has to leave early D. He apologized to have leIt early.
10. 'Can I borrow your pen please, Sam?, said Gillian.
A. Gillian asked Sam iI she can borrow his pen.
B. Gillian asked Sam iI she could borrow his pen.
C. Gillian asked Sam she can borrow his pen.
D. Gillian asked Sam she could borrow his pen.
11. 'Where did you go last night, Nam?, said Hoa
A. Hoa said to Nam where had he gone the night beIore.
B. Hoa said to Nam where he had gone the night beIore.
C. Hoa told Nam where he had gone last night.
D. Hoa asked Nam where he had gone the night beIore.
12. 'What were you doing last night, Mr. John? The police asked.
A. The police asked what were you doing last night, Mr. John.
B. The police asked Mr. John what he had been doing the night beIore.
C. The police asked Mr. John what had he been done the night beIore.
D. The police asked Mr. John what he had done the night beIore.
13. Some one was wondering iI the taxi -------------- yet.
A. had arrived B. arrived C. arrives D. had arrived
14. The government has announced that taxes --------------.
A. would be raised B. had been raised C. were raised D. will be raised
15. Some one -------------- the tickets are Iree.
A. said me B. said me that C. told to me D. told me
16. He said he would do it --------------.
A. yesterday B. the Iollowing day C. the previous day D. the day beIore
17. He proved that the earth -------------- round the Sun.
A. had gone B. was going C. goes D. would go
13
18. I told you -------------- the computer, didn`t it?
A. to switch oII B. don`t switch oII C. not switch oII D. switch oII
19. Claire wanted to know what time --------------.
A. do the banks close B. the banks closed C. did the banks close D. the banks would close
20. Ann -------------- and leIt.
A. said good bye B. said me good bye C. told me good bye D. goodbye me
_ONITIONAy SENTEN_ES (_p$ 3ir$ /iKn)
TthE 1B iu kin co th xay ra o hin tai hoc tong lai
V1(: /7:)
I5 + S +
1,ndt / 1,7:ndt + V1
8iCC / :h2CC / )2n + V1
S +
8,ndt / )2ndt / :h2ndt + V1
EB I5 I save enough money, I will buy a new car.
TthE HB iu kin khng co tht o hin tai
VH/-71
I5 + S +
1i1ndt + V1
),$C1 / 8,$C1/ :h,$C1 + V1
S +
),$C1ndt / 8,$C1ndt / :h,$C1ndt + V1
EB II I were you, I would tell the truth.
TthE ZB iu kin khng co tht o qua khu
h21 + VZ/-71
I5 + S +
h21ndt + VZ /-71
),$C1 / 8,$C1/ :h,$C1 + h267 + VZ/-71
S +
),$C1ndt / 8,$C1ndt / :h,$C1ndt + h267 + VZ/-71
E: II I had arrived ten minutes earlier, I would have got a seat.
- N,t7B Ta co th lc bo II i nhng phai ao ng
EB Had I arrived ten minutes earlier, I would have got a seat.
- UnC7:: Y I5 V n,t
- i t iI sang unless:
IF UNyESS
EhTng 3]nh EhTng 3]nh (3"ng t# t?,ng 'Knh 3r )h>nh 3Fi :2ng ph^ 3]nh)
hh^ 3]nh EhTng 3]nh ('Knh 3r )h>nh /h0ng th2% 3Fi)
Ex: II we had more rain, our crops would grow Iaster.
nless -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II she doesn`t work harder, she will Iail the exam.
nless ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14
- Dang cu: Knh CKnh + ,? + _C2$:7
- I5 %,$ 1,ndt + V1. _C2$:7
- I5 %,$ 2?7ndt + V. _C2$:7
Ex: Be careIull or you will cut yourselI. II -------------------------------------------------------
Go away or I will call the police. II -------------------------------------------------------
- NI H _{U !N NG + IF-
- N,t7B
Din ta 1 hanh ng co th xay ra o hin tai hoc tong lai loai 1
Din ta 1 hanh ng khng th xay ra o hin tai (ng t o hin tai) loai 2
Din ta 1 hanh ng khng th xay ra o qua khu (ng t o qua khu) loai 3
EB Hurry up or you will be late.
II you don`t hurry, you will be late.
E: She doesn`t have a car. She doesn`t go out in the evening.
II she had a car, she would go out in the evening.
EB We cancelled the meeting because Peter didn`t come.
II Peter had come, we wouldn`t have cancelled the meeting.
Had Peter come, we wouldn`t have cancelled the meeting.
EER_ISEB
14 I5 p7,pC7 87?7 2 CittC7 ',?7 t,C7?2nt 4444444444444444
A. our world would have been a better place.
B. our world would be a better place.
C. our world will be a better place.
2. II there were no wars.......
A .our world would have been a better place.
B. our world would be a better place.
C. our world will be a better place.
Z. I5 th7 ,,n7 C2%7? p77C: ,55 2 CittC7 ',?7 87 44444444444444444444
A. we ran a much higher risk oI attracting skin cancer.
B. would run a much higher risk oI attracting skin cancer.
C. will run a much higher risk oI attracting skin cancer.
i. I 8,$C1 n767? 577C ),'5,?t2@C7 ,n 2 pC2n7 i5 444444444444444
A. I know its the pilots maiden trip.
B. I knew its the pilots maiden trip.
C. I would know that its the pilots maiden trip.
k. A 1,g 8iCC n767? @it7 %,$ i5 444444444444444444444444444
A. you will look it straight in the eyes, Im told.
B. you look it straight in the eyes, Im told.
C. you looked it straight in the eyes, Im told.
k. A 1,g 8iCC n767? @it7 %,$ i5 444444444444444444444444444
l. A 1,g 8iCC n767? @it7 %,$ i5 444444444444444444444444444
15
m. I5 ,hn h21nt ?7:p,n171 in :$)h 2n 2gg?7::i67 '2nn7? h7 44444444444444444444444444
A. would never have a black eye.
B. wont have a black eye.
C. would never have had a black
EM7?)i:7: Su''ly correct for of the verbs in 'arentheses .
1. What you (do) ------------------iI I hadn`t lend you the money?
2. II you had asked me Ior ticket, I (get)-------------------- you some tickets.
3. I (not marry) ------------------------him II I had known what he was like.
4. I wouldn`t have hired a car iI I (know)------------------ how expensive it was.
5. II we (go) ------------------to the cinema earlier, we wouldn`t have missed the start oI the Iilm.
6. II I had been born a year earlier, I (have) -------------------to do military service.
7. II you (ask) ---------------------me , I would have lend you my car.
8. II I had gone to university, I (get)-------------------- a better job.
9. I (not go) ---------------------out yesterday , II you had asked me not to.
10. I could have given you a liIt iI my car (not break)----------------- down.
11. I (not go)---------------------- to Britain iI I had known what was going to happen.
12. I would have stay longer iI he( want) ---------------------me to.
13. I (not come) -------------------to this school iI I had known it was like.
14. We would have gone to his party iI we (be) --------------------able to Iind a baby sister.
15. . I (visit ) -----------------------you in the hospital iI I had known you were there.
EM7?)i:7: Z B Co'lete the sentences with the wor)s in 'arentheses
1.I might have enough time tonight.
II I (have)---------------------------- enough time, I (write) ------------------a letter to my cousin.
2. The weather is terrible today.
II the weather (be)-------------------------------- good, I (go) --------------Ior a Iive - mile - walk.
3. Mary didn`t come to my party last week.
II she (come)-------------------------- to my party, she (meet)----------------- my Iriends.
4. Snow is predicted Ior tomorrow.
II it (snow) ------------------------tomorrow, I( stay) ----------------------at home.
5. Jack didn`t study Ior the test.
II he( study)--------------------------, he( pass) ------------------it.
6. Air plane tickets are expensive.
II they( be) ------------------cheap, I (Ily)--------------------- to Ho Chi Minh city Ior weekend.
7. May be the weather will be nice tomorrow.
II the weather( be) -------------------nice, I( go)-------------------- Ior a long walk.
8. nIortunately, I don`t have enough money.
II I( have) ------------------------enough money, I( buy)--------------------- a ticket to the rock concert.
9. I didn`t know it was your birthday yesterday.
II I( know) ---------------------it was your birthday yesterday. I (get)-------------------- you a present.
10. I`m tired.
II I (be not)---------------------- tired, I( help) ------------------------you.
EM7?)i:7B 3ewrite these sentences:
1. Hurry up or we will be late Ior the last bus.
II ...........................................................................................................................................................................
2. It was very cold yesterday, so we couldn`t go swimming.
II ...........................................................................................................................................................................
16
3. He had a Ilu because he went out in the rain last night.
II ...........................................................................................................................................................................
4. Ellen didn`t have much money in the bank, so she was very worried.
II ...........................................................................................................................................................................
5. Stop talking or you won`t understand the lesson.
nless ...................................................................................................................................................................
6. She can`t buy the dictionary because she doesn`t have enough money.
II ...........................................................................................................................................................................
1. II Jake ------------- to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A. doesn`t agree B. didn`t agree C. hadn`t agreed D. wouldn`t agree
2. II energy ------------- inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be diIIerent.
A. is B. will be C. would be D. were
3. nless you ------------- all oI my questions, I can`t do anything to help you.
A. answered B. answer C. would answer D. are answering
4. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I ------------- it.
A. hadn`t believed B. don`t believe C. can`t believe D. would never have believed
5. -------------- interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it.
A. II I am B. Should I C. I was D. Were I
6. II I had enough money, --------------.
A. I will buy that house B. I am buy that house
C. I can buy that house D. I could buy that house
7. Had I had time, I -------------- to the beach with you this weekend.
A. will come B. would come C. will have come D. would have come
8. II he -------------- that she was in the hospital, he -------------- to see her.
A. knows/ will come B. knew/ would come
C. had known/ would have come D. has known/will have come
9. II everything is all right, we -------------- our work on time.
A. complete B. are completing C. have completed D. will complete
10. II I were you, I would work hard.
A. You would rather not work so hard B. You should work harder
C. You should work with me. D. Do not work so hard.
11. We didn`t visit the museum because we had no time.
A. II we have time, we will visit the museum.
C. II we had had time, we would have visited the museum.
B. II we had time, we would visit the museum.
D. II we had had time, we will have visited the museum.
12. -------------- I have time, I will go with you.
A. II B. nless C. So D. So that
13. -------------- harder, you would have passed the exam.
A. II you studied B. II had you studied C. Had you studied D. Were you studied
14. II the police hadn`t saved me, I -------------- at that time.
A. will die B. would die C. will have died D. would have died
15. -------------- at 4 o`clock, we would have missed seeing Bob.
A. II we had gone B. Had we gone C. because we had gone D. A and B
17
REyATIVE _yAUSES (Knh 3r D$2n hK)
I4 _s_ !zI Tx jUAN bB
14 ebOB
- lam ch t trong mnh quan h
- thay th cho danh t chi ngoi
V44 N (p7?:,n) + ebO + V + O
H4 ebOB
- lam tuc t cho ng t trong mnh quan h
- thay th cho danh t chi ngoi
V44N (p7?:,n) + ebO + S + V
Z4 ebI_bB
- lam ch t hoc tuc t trong mnh quan h
- thay th cho danh t chi vt
V4N (thing) + ebI_b + V + O
V4N (thing) + ebI_b + S + V
i4 TbATB
- co th thay th cho vi tri ca who, whom, which trong mnh quan h quan h xac inh
9 _) t?Q;ng h\p thQ;ng 1ng +th2t-B
- khi i sau cac hinh thuc so sanh nht
- khi i sau cac t: only, the Iirst, the last
- khi danh t i troc bao gm ca ngoi va vt
- khi i sau cac ai t bt inh, ai t ph inh, ai t chi s lng: no one/ nobody/ nothing/
anyone/ anything/ anybody/ someone/ something/ somebody/ all/ some/ any/ little/ none.
Ex: He was the most interesting person that I have ever met.
It was the Iirst time that I heard oI it.
These books are all that my sister leIt me.
She talked about the people and places that she had visited.
9 _) t?Q;ng h\p /h0ng 1ng th2tB
- trong mnh quan h khng xac inh
- sau gioi t
k4 ebOSEB dung chi so hu cho danh t chi ngoi hoc vt, thong thay cho cac t: her/ his/ their/
ho:c h;nh th+c <s
V44N (p7?:,n. thing) + ebOSE + N + V V4
l4 ebt: mo u cho mnh quan h chi ly do, thong thay cho cum for the reason, for that reason4
V44N (?72:,n) + ebt + S + V V
Ex: I don`t know the reason. You didn`t go to school Ior that reason.
I don`t know the reason 8h% you didn`t go to school.
18
m4 ebERE: thay th t chi noi chn, thong thay cho there
V4N (pC2)7) + ebERE + S + V V4
(ebERE Y ON / IN / AT + ebI_b)
Ex: a/ The hotel wasn`t very clean. We stayed t that hotel.
The hotel 8h7?7 we stayed wasn`t very clean.
The hotel 2t 8hi)h we stayed wasn`t very clean.
o4 ebEN: thay th t chi thoi gian, thong thay cho t then
V4N (ti'7) + ebEN + S + V V
(ebEN Y ON / IN / AT + ebI_b)
Ex: Do you still remember the day? We Iirst met on that day.
Do you still remember the day 8h7n we Iirst met?
Do you still remember the day ,n 8hi)h we Iirst met?
I don`t know the time. She will come back then.
I don`t know the time 8h7n she will come back.
II4 _s_ yOzI Nb ! jUAN bB
14 Knh 3r D$2n hK M) 3]nh (75ining ?7C2ti67 )C2$:7)B c s dung khi danh t la danh t
khng xac inh.
Ex: The city 8hi)h I 6i:it71 C2:t :$''7? is very beautiIul.
(1eining relative clause)
H4 H4 Knh 3r D$2n hK /h0ng hcn 3]nh (N,n-175ining ?7C2ti67 )C2$:7)B c s dung khi danh
t la danh t xac inh.
Ex: Dalat, 8hi)h I 6i:it71 C2:t :$''7?, is very beautiIul.
(=on>deining relative clause)
N,t7: bit khi nao dung mnh quan h khng xac inh, ta lu y cac im sau:
- hi danh t ma no b ngha la mt 12nh t# ?i&ng
- hi danh t ma no b ngha la mt t>nh t# :q h$ (my, his, her, their)
- hi danh t ma no b ngha la mt danh t i voi thi: . th2t. th7:7. th,:7
III4 T S yU TRONG Nb ! jUAN bB
1. Nu trong mnh quan h co giIi t# thi gioi t co th t troc hoc sau mnh quan h (chi ap
dung voi 8h,' 6 8hi)h.)
Ex: Mr. Brown is a nice teacher. We studied with him last year.
Mr. Brown, with who we studied last year, is a nice teacher.
Mr. Brown, who we studied with last year, is a nice teacher.
2. C4 th5 )6ng which thay cho c7 8nh 9: 9;ng tr-c<
Ex: She can`t come to my birthday party. That makes me sad.
She can`t come to my birthday party, which makes me sad.
3. vi tri tuc t, whom co th c thay bng who.
19
Ex: I`d like to talk to the man who + who I met at your birthday party.
IV4 _s_b RT GN Nb ! jUAN bB
14 Knh 3r D$2n hK 3Q\) ?at thnh )=' phpn t#B
Mnh quan h chua cac ai t quan h lam ch t who/ which/ that co th c rut gon thanh
cum hin tai phn t (V-ing) hoc qua khu phn t (V3/ed).
* Nu mnh quan h la mnh )h^ 3"ng thi rut thanh cum hiKn tci phpn t# (V-ing)4
Ex: a/ The man who is standing over there is my Iather.
The man-----------------------------------------------------------------------
b/ The couple who live next door to me are proIessors.
The couple------------------------------------------------------------------
* Nu mnh quan h la mnh @] 3"ng thi rut thanh cum D$ /hP phpn t# (VZ/71)4
Ex: a/ The instructions that are given on the Iront page are very important.
The instructions--------------------------------------------------------------
b/ The book which was bought by my mother is interesting.
The book--------------------------------------------------------------------
H4 Knh 3r D$2n hK 3Q\) ?at thnh )=' 3"ng t# ng$%&n '($B
Mnh quan h c rut thanh cum ng t nguyn mu (T,-in5initi67) khi troc ai t quan h
co cac cum t: the first, the secon), the last, the only ho=c h>nh th;c so snh b?c nh@t4
Ex: a/ John was the last person that got the news.
John was the last person-------------------------------------
b/ He was the best player that got the prize.
He was the best played---------------------------------------
c/ He was the best player that we admire.
He was the best player------------------------------------------
1. The boy with -------------- I have talked is very successIul student.
A. who B. whom C. that D. Ior that
2. The composition -------------- by Jane was really interesting.
A. to write B. writing C. wrote D. written
3. leming`s discovery oI penicillin, --------------, had a major inIluence on the lives oI people in the
20
th
century.
A. which was awarded the Nobel Prize B. which awarded the Nobel Prize
C. that he was awarded the Nobel Prize D. Ior which he was awarded the Nobel Prize
4. I want you to meet the woman --------------
A. who taught me how to drive B. teaching me how to drive
C. that is taught me how to drive D. who is taught me how to drive
5. Mr. Pike, -------------- is our boss, has just come back Irom Paris.
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
6. The girl -------------- is my new Iriend.
A. who is sitting on the bench B. that is sitting on the bench
C. sitting on the bench D. all are correct
20
7. We don`t know the reason -------------- Peter is absent today.
A. who B. which C. that D. why
8. Dr Smith is a good surgeon. He lives next door.
A. Dr Smith that lives next door is a good surgeon.
B. Dr Smith who lives next door is a good surgeon.
C. Dr Smith, who lives next door, is a good surgeon.
D. Dr Smith, whom lives next door, is a good surgeon.
9. The reading table -------------- I put my books is in the corner oI the room.
A. when B. where C. why D. whose
10. It is him -------------- helped me last night.
A. who B. that C. which D. whose
11. Anybody -------------- Iinishes that test early can leave.
A. that B. whom C. why D. when
12. He is the good colleague --------------.
A. to work Ior us with B. to us Ior working with
C. Ior working with us D. Ior us to work with
13. Mary was the last applicant -------------- by that interviewer.
A. to be interviewed B. to be interviewing
C. to have interviewed D. to interview
14. I`m hungry. Is there any Iood -------------- ?
A. to be eaten B. to eat C. eating D. Ior me eating
15. Dien Bien Phu is a place -------------- our army won a resounding victory in 1954.
A. where B. what C. which D. that
R71$)7 ?7C2ti67 )C2$:7: int, ?7C2ti67 ph?2:7:
1. Be sure to Iollow the instructions that are given at the to- o the -age.
@.....................................................................................................................................................................................
2. Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom.
@.....................................................................................................................................................................................
3. John, who was taken by surprise, hardly knew what to say.
@.....................................................................................................................................................................................
4. The people who are waiting Ior the bus in the rain are getting wet.
@.....................................................................................................................................................................................
5. We drove along the road that was still looded ater the heavy rain.
@.....................................................................................................................................................................................
6. The scientists who are researching the causes o cancer are making progress
@.....................................................................................................................................................................................
7. The wild ox which is ke-t at Nam ?at Tien =ational @ark is oI a special kind
@.....................................................................................................................................................................................
8. The helicopter which was Ilying toward the lake made a low droning sound.
@ ........................................
_,'@in7 :7nt7n)7 $:ing: p?7p,:iti,n + 8h,'/8hi)h
9. The movie was interesting. We went to it.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
10. I couldn`t understand the woman. I talked to her on the phone.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
21
11. I want to tell you about the party. I went to it last night.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
12. The music was gentle. We listened to it last night.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
13. Alice likes the Ioreign Iamily. She is living with them.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
14. The market has reIresh vegetables. I usually go to it.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
15. The man is over there. I told you about him.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
16. The Iilm is Iantastic. They are talking about it.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
17. She`s the nurse. We gave the Ilowers to her.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
18. The teacher is Mr Pike. We studied with him last year.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
3At gBn 8nh 9: !uan h8 sC )Dng Ving. V h,) Vt,
19. Neil Armstrong was the Iirst man who walked on the moon
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
20. I come Irom a city that is located in the southern part oI the country.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
21. The children who attend that school receive a good education.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
22. The scientists who are researching the causes oI cancer are making progress.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
23. They live in a house that was built in
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
24. We have an apartment which overlooks the park.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
25. Yuri Gagarin became the Iirst man who Ilied into space.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
26. We stood on the bridge which connects the two halves oI the building.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
27. I come Irom a city which is located in the southern part oI the country
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
28. The vegetables which are sold in this supermarket are grown without chemicals.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
29. Do you know the woman who is coming toward us ?
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
30. The people who was waiting Ior the bus in the rain are getting wet.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
31. I come Irom a city that is located in the southern part oI the country.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
32. They live in a house that was built in
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
22
33. He was the Iirst man who leIt the burning building.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
34. The couple who live in the house next door are both college proIessors
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
35. The people who are waiting Ior the bus in the rain are getting wet.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
36. The students who did not come to the class yesterday explain their absence to the teacher.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
37. Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting ?
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
38. Lan is the second student who entered the classroom this morning.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
39. The psychologists who study the nature oI sleep have made important discoveries.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
40. He was the only man who reached the top.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
41. He is always the Iirst who comes and the last who goes.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
42. People who listen to very loud music may suIIer gradual hearing loss.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
43. He was the second man who was saved in the Iire.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
44. I haven`t got anything that I could open a bottle oI wine with.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
45. The ueen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the island.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
46. The IiIth man who was interviewed was completely unsuitable.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
47. This is the third who is late Ior the meeting today.
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
48. Am I the next person who joins the interview ?
@...................................................................................................................................................................................
_yEFT SENTEN_ES (_p$ )h)
Cu ch c dung nhn manh mt thanh phn ca cu nh ch ng, tuc t hay trang t
14 Nh`n 'cnh )h^ t# (S$@A7)t 5,)$:)
24 It + i: / 82: + N,$n / p?,n,$n (p7?:,n) + 8h, + V + O V
Ex: My brother collected these Ioreign stamps.
It was my brother who collected these Ioreign stamps.
@4 It + i: / 82: + N,$n (thing) + th2t + V + O V
Ex: Her absence at the party made me sad.
It was her absence at the party that made me sad.
H4 Nh`n 'cnh ta) t# (O@A7)t 5,)$:)
24 It + i: / 82: + N,$n / p?,n,$n (p7?:,n) + 8h,(') + S + VV
23
Ex: I met Daisy on the way to school.
It was Daisy who(m) I met on the way to school.
N,t7B hi nhn manh tuc t ta co th dung who thay cho whom nhng khi nhn manh ch t thi khng
dung whom thay cho who.
@4 It + i: / 82: + N,$n (thing) + th2t + S + V V
Ex: My brother bought an old motorbike Irom our neighbor.
It was an old motorbike that my brother bought Irom our neighbor.
Z4 Nh`n 'cnh t?cng t# (A167?@i2C 5,)$:)
It + i: / 82: + A167?@i2C ph?2:7 + th2t + S + V V
Ex: - We Iirst met in December.
It was in December that we Iirst met.
- Phan Thanh Gian was born in this village.
It was in this village that Phan Thanh Gian was born.
i4 _p$ )h @] 3"ng (_C75t :7nt7n)7: in th7 p2::i67)
24 It + i: / 82: + N,$n / p?,n,$n (p7?:,n) + 8h, + @7 + h4hV
Ex: ans gave that singer a lot oI Ilowers.
It was that singer who was given a lot oI Ilowers.
@4 It + i: / 82: + N,$n (thing) + th2t + @7 + h4hV
Ex: People talk about this Iilm.
It is this Iilm that is talked about.
- ans gave that singer a lot oI Ilowers.
It was a lot oI Ilowers that were given to that singer.
3ewrite the sentences to focus attention on the un)erline) inforation< Esing structureF it is + was <<<
thatF
G1. She bought th7 )2? Irom Tom.
...........................
22. My secretary sent th7 @iCC to Mr. Harding yesterday.
...........................
23. We are coming to stay with Jane thi: 877/7n14
...........................
24. The president makes th7 i'p,?t2nt 17)i:i,n:.
...........................
25. I`m looking Iorward to ph%:i): 7M2'.
...........................
26. I lost my wallet :,'78h7?7 in th7?74
...........................
27. I was born and grew up in th7 6iCC2g74
...........................
28. % t72)h7? helped me a lot oI with my study last semester.
...........................
29. The headmaster gave T2' a bicycle as a scholarship.
...........................
30. t,$? )2?7C7::n7:: caused the accident
...........................
_ONUN_TIONS (yi&n t#)
24
Cac lin t cp i nh both . and, not only . but also, either .or, neither . nor c dung
cu tao cu truc song hanh. T, cum t hay mnh c ni lin boi nhng lin t nay lun co cung
cu truc, chuc nng hoc t loai.
14 @,th V 2n1 (6#2 V6#2 V. )N VC(n V)
Ex: She is both intelligent and beautiIul. (adjectives)
Aoth his brother and his sister are students. (nouns)
N,t7B hi hai ch t c ni lin boi both . and, ng t o hinh thuc s nhiu.
H4 n,t ,nC% V @$t 2C:, (/h0ng nhng / )h< V ' )n)
Ex: He studies not only English but also rench. (nouns)
The Iilm was not only boring but also long. (adjectives)
She not only sings beautiIully but also plays the piano well.
Z4 7ith7? V,? (h,) Vh,))
Ex: You either must work hard or will Iail. (verbs)
Bither you or he is going to be on duty. (pronouns)
i4 n7ith7? V n,? (/h0ng V )ng /h0ng)
Ex: She likes neither tea nor coIIee. (nouns)
My Iather neither smokes nor drinks. (verbs)
N,t7B
- hi hai ch t c ni boi not only . but also, either . or, neither . nor, ng t ha hp voi ch
t ngay troc no.
Ex: Not only his Iriends but also his brother gives him presents.
- hi not only . but also ni lin hai mnh va ung u cu, chung ta phai ao ng mnh thu
nht.
Ex: Not only does he s-eak English but he also speaks rench.
- ng t trong cu co cp lin t neither . nor lun o dang khng inh
Ex: My Iather neither smokes nor drinks.
EM7?)i:7B
4. Both Son and Vinh like English. oI them likes literature.
A. None B. Neither C. Either D. Both
5. His recreations include golI, Iootball and shooting. .
A. sports B. activities C. pastimes D. pleasures
6. In Britain, the most common leisure activities are home-based.
A. regular B. popular C. standard D. distinctive
5. Neither she nor I responsible Ior that. It isn`t our duty.
A. are B. is C. am D. have
7. It is that can speak 6 languages in our oIIice.
A. he B. him C. his D. her
8. My parents want me to study to behave well.
A. either/or B. neither/nor C. either/both D. not only/but also
9. It is the event a lot.
A. has been talked about B. that has been talked bout
C. Has talked about D. that has talked bout
10. She hard but also gets on well with her classmates.
A. doesn`t only study B. studies not only
C. not only studies D. not studies only
11. The hotel is neither spacious .
A. or comIortable B. nor comIortable C. or comIort D. nor comIort
12. Not only John but also his two brothers Iootball as their recreation every weekend.
A. play B. plays C. were playing D. has play
13. Now women work both beIore aIter having their children.
25
A. or B. also C. nor D. and
14. Neither the TV nor the video sets properly.
A. works B. work C. has worked D. is working
15. The most common activities in my country are home based.
A. test B. leisure C. practice D. Ireedom
Cobine each 'air of sentences into one, using the con*unctions in brac"ets<
18. She`s at the oIIice. She`s at the airport. (Either ............. or)
.........................................................................................................................
19. Paul`s at home. Paul`s at the gym. (Either .................... or)
....................................................................................................................
20. Chris didn`t have time to take a holiday. Sheila didn`t have time to take a holiday.(neither ....
nor) ......................................................................................................................
21. David doesn`t play tennis. David doesn`t play table-tennis. (Neither ......... nor)
...................................................................................................................
22. Nam`s handsome. Nam`s intelligent. (Not only ................ but also)
.......................................................................................................................
23. Mai plays the guitar well. Mai dances beautiIully. (Not only ......... but also)
.....................................................................................................................
24. You can have Iish Ior dinner. You can have chicken Ior dinner. (Both ............. and)
.........................................................................................................................
25. They came late. They leIt early. (Not only ................. but also)
................................................................................................................................
_OUy / BE AByE TO
14 _OUyB la dang qua khu ca can, dung din ta:
- kha nng (ph quat, chung chung) trong qua khu
Ex: When I was six, I ),$C1 drive a bike.
- loi yu cu lich su
Ex: _,$C1 you show me the way to the post oIIice?
- iu gi o co th xay ra o hin tai hoc tong lai nhng khng chc chn
Ex: It ),$C1 rain this aIternoon. (Co th chiu nay troi s ma.)
H4 BE AByE TOB co hinh thuc qua khu la was / were able to V1, din ta su c gng hoan tt mt hanh
ng trong mt tinh hung c bit.
Ex: The Iire spread through the building quickly but we all 87?7 2@C7 t, escape.
The player hurt in his leg, but he 82: 2@C7 t, play to the end.
TAG jUESTIONS (_p$ hi 3$0i)
Cu hoi ui gm co hai phn: cu noi (statement) va phn ui (tag)

14 j$% tR) )h$ngB
- Cu noi va phn ui lun o dang i nhau
26
:t2t7'7nt. t2gf
)p$ n*i /hTng 3]nh. 3$0i ph^ 3]nhf
)p$ n*i ph^ 3]nh. 3$0i /hTng 3]nhf
Ex: The children are playing in the yard, 2?7ndt th7%?
They can`t swim, )2n th7%?
- Ch t ca cu noi la ai t, ta lp lai ai t nay
Ex: She is a doctor, i:ndt she?
- Ch t la danh t, ta dung ai t tong ung thay th
Ex: People speak English all over the world, 1,ndt theyf
- ai t bt inh nothing, everything: c thay bng +it-
Ex: Everything is ready, i:ndt itf
- Cac ai t no one, nobody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody: c thay
bng +th7%-
Ex: Someone called me last night, 1i1ndt theyf
- ai t this / that c thay bng 'it these / those c thay bng 'they
Ex:That is his car, i:ndt it?
These are your new shoes, 2?7ndt they?
- 'There trong cu truc 'there be c dung lai o phn ui
Ex: There aren`t any students in the classroom, 2?7 there?
- Cu noi co tr ng t (will / can / shall / should / is / are .): tr ng t c lp lai o phn ui
Ex: You will come early, 8,ndt you?
- Cu noi khng co tr ng t: tr ng t do / does / did c dung o phn ui
Ex: It rained yesterday, )i)nHt it?
She works in a restaurant, )oesnHt :h7?
- Cu noi co chua cac t ph inh thi phn ui khng 5nh
Ex: He never comes late, 1,7: h7?
N,t7B ng t trong phn ui o ph inh thi lun c vit o dang rut gon.
H4 "t :J t?Q;ng h\p 3) @iKtB
- Phn ui ca I A la ARENdT I
Ex: I am writing a letter, 2?7ndt I?
- Phn ui ca y7td: la SbAyy eE
Ex: Let`s go out tonight, :h2CC 87?
- Cu mnh lnh khng inh:
dung phn ui eONdT tOU din ta C;i ';i
dung phn ui eIyy / eOUy / _AN / _ANdT tOU din ta C;i %&$ )[$ lich su
Ex: Have a piece oI cake, won`t you?
Close the door, will you?
- Cu mnh lnh ph inh: dung phn ui WILL YO din ta loi yu cu lich su
Ex: Please don`t smoke her, will you?
- Phn ui ca ,$ght t, la SbOUyNdT
Ex: She ought to do exercise every morning, :h,$C1ndt :h7?
hASSIVE SENTEN_ES (_p$ @] 3"ng)
14 _)h )h$%Wn t# )p$ )h^ 3"ng :2ng )p$ @] 3"ngB
A)ti67 S + V + O
S + @79 + h4h + @% + O
(9 @7 )hi2 th7, thU )^2 V)
h2::i67
Ex: They are painting the house.
27
The house is being -ainted.
They had destroyed all the documents when we arrived.
All the documents had been destroyed when we arrived.
H4 Th2% 3Fi hUnh thP) 3"ng t# )= thW t?,ng t#ng thUB
TENSES A_TIVE hASSIVE
Simple Present S + V1-:/7: S + 2' / i: / 2?7 + hh
Present continuous S + 2' / i: / 2?7 + V-ing S + 2' / i: / 2?7 + @7ing + hh
Simple Past S + V-71 / VH S + 82: / 87?7 + hh
Past continuous S + 82: / 87?7 + V-ing S + 82: / 87?7 + @7ing + hh
Present PerIect S + h267 / h2: + hh S + h267 / h2: + @77n + hh
Past PerIect S + h21 + hh S + h21 + @77n + hh
Simple uture S + 8iCC + V1 S + 8iCC + @7 + hh
Modal verbs )2n
'2%
'$:t
S + h267 t, + V1
:h,$C1
$:71 t,
@7 g,ing t,
)2n
'2%
'$:t
S + h267 t, + @7 + VZ
:h,$C1
$:71 t,
@7 g,ing t,
Verbs oI
perception
:77
h72?
S + 82t)h + O + V1
'2/7
C7t
:77n
h72?1
S + @7 + 82t)h71 + t, in54
'217
C7t
Causative Iorm S + h267 + O (ngQ;i) +
V1 + O (6t)
S + g7t + O (ngQ;i) + t,-
in5 + O (6t)
S + h267 / g7t + O (6t) + VZ
(+ @% + O
(ngQ;i))
9 V7?@: ,5 ?7p,?tingB (3"ng t# )h< n /inB :2%. thin/. /n,8. ?7p,?t. @7Ci767V)
- A)ti67
h7,pC7 (th7%) + :2% (:2i1) + th2t SH VH OH
- h2::i67B
1 It + i: / 82: + :2i1 + th2t SH VH OH
H SH
2'/ i:/ 2?7
+ :2i1
82:/ 87?7
"hIng cJn that
t,-in54
t, h267 + VZ
OH
EER_ISES
K< Change the following sentences into the 'assive voice<
1. They grow rice in tropical countries.

2. Mr. Green loves his children very much.

28
3. People don`t speak rench here.

4. Someone broke his windows last night.

5. The police didn`t Iind the lost boy yesterday.

6. About thirty million people are watching this live show now.

7. They were carrying the injured player oII the Iield at that time.

8. Jack has typed the article recently.

9. The police haven`t Iound the murderer yet.

10. They were carrying the injured player oII the Iield at that time.

11. They had wrapped the package careIully beIore they posted it.

12. Children should treat old men with respect.

13. The computer can do all the accounts.

14. They are going to build a new school.

15. He isn`t going to buy that house.

16. They will pull down that building

17. The teacher won`t correct the exercises tomorrow.

18. You have to keep dangerous chemicals in the saIe place.

19. Police had to break the meeting up.

20. She used to pull my hat over my eyes.

21. They may use that room Ior the classroom.

22. You must wash your hands.

23. They ought to knock down the old building.

24. You needn`t type that report today.

25. Nobody has used this room Ior ages.

26. No one can solve that problem.

27. No one told us the news.

28. Paul didn`t tell me the ending oI the story.
29

29. The teacher will give her a prize iI she works well.

30. Her mother bought her a doll last week.

31. The police Iound the robber in the Iorest yesterday.

32. They made him work all day.

33. People don`t make the children work hard.

34. They let him meet her Iamily last month.

35. He won`t let you do that silly thing again.

36. People saw him steal your car.

37. I have heard her sing this song several times.

38. The teacher is watching them work.

39. Alice had a mechanic repair her car.

40. Ellen got Marvin to type her paper.

41. The hairdresser is cutting Mary`s hair now.
Mary is having her hair
Mary is having the hairdresser
42. People know that English is an international language.
It is known
English is known
43. They said that she won the competition.

44. They reported that the President had suIIered a heard attack.

UyTIhyE _bOI_E
1. These T-shirts and jeans ...... in the S. in 1900.
A. have made B. made C. were made D. make
2. The building is very dangerous. It ..... down next week.
A. knocked B. will knock C. will be knocked D. was knocked
3. The room looks nice. It .......
A. was cleaning B. has just been cleaned C. will be cleaned D. is cleaning
4. We ...... each other Ior 10 years.
A. know B. knew C. have known D. had known
5. Our twenty houses ...... when the Iire engine .......
A. had burnt up / arrived B. burnt up / had arrived
C. had been burnt up / arrived D. will have burnt / arrives
6. AIter I ...... the grass, it ...... to rain.
30
A. have watered / will begin B. water / began
C. had watered / began D. had watered / will have begun
7. Next week when there ....... a Iull moon, the ocean tides will be higher.
A. is being B. is C. will be D. will have been
8. English is ...... all over the world.
A. spoken B. speak C. speaks D. to speak
9. Where will these coconut trees ......?
A. be planted B. planted C. plant D. be planting
10. BeIore Jane won the lottery, she ..... any kind oI contest.
A. hasn`t entered B. doesn`t enter C. wasn`t entering D. hadn`t entered
11. My parents ...... tomorrow to stay with me Ior a Iew days.
A. come B. will have come C. are coming D. came
12. She leIt home in 1993 and ....... since then.
A. hasn`t seen B. didn`t see C. hasn`t been seen D. wasn`t seen
13. ...... your house painted last year?
A. Had B. Did C. Was D. Have
14. What ..... you ..... at 8 o`clock last night?
A. did/ do B. have/ done C. were/ doingD. had/ done
15. - 'We are having a party at the weekend. - ' Great! Who .......?
A. will being invited B. Is going to invite
C. is going to be invited D. will invite
16. This is the IiIth time you ...... the same question.
A. ask B. asked C. are asking D. have asked
17. This church was said ...... in the 19
th
century.
A. to build B. to be built C. to have been built D. being built
18. In England, the academic year ..... into three terms. Each term ..... by a one-week
break.
A. is divided / separated B. divided / is separated
C. is divided / is separated D. divided / separated
19. Gold ...... in CaliIornia in the 19
th
century.
A. was discovered B. was discover C. has been discovered D. they discovered
20. I am going to have my car ......
A. service B. to be serviced C. serviced D. servicing
21. Two tablets ...... twice a day to have you recover Irom the illness quickly.
A. must take B. must be taken C. must have taken D. must be taking
22. The next meeting ..... in May.
A. will hold B. will be held C. will be holding D. will have held
TESTS
_p$ 1B Chon cu tong thut gn ngha nht voi cu sau: CD D were you/ D wouldnEt sign the contract.C
said Henry.
A4 Henry advised me not to sign the contract.
B4 Henry asked me to sign the contract.
_4 Henry encouraged me not to sign the contract.
4 Henry reminded me not to sign the contract.
_p$ HB Many people have complained about the air in the area the Iactory.
A4 polluted / surrounded B4 polluting / surrounding
_4 polluted / surrounding 4 polluting / surrounded
31
_p$ ZB In order the childs conIidence, you must be strict but Iair with him.
A4 being gained B4 to gain _4 gaining 4 gain
_p$ iB The tourist company is thought money next year.
A4 to be lost B4 to have been lost _4 to lose 4 to have lost
_p$ kB I can remember very proud and happy when I graduated.
A4 to being B4 be _4 being 4 to be
_p$ lB Chon mt t / cum t gach chn trong cu sau cn phai sa: We broke out journey in Edinburgh
beIore being travelled to London the next day.
A4 being travelled B4 journney _4 broke 4 the.
_p$ mB More schools are hoped in rural areas in the coming years.
A4 to have been built B4 to build _4 to have built 4 to be built
_p$ oB The mystery oI the ocean began by scientists
A4 to be Iound out B4 to be Iound out _4 to Iind out 4 Iinding out
_p$ B All oI the students in my school are accustomed school uniIorm.
A4 Ior wearing B4 oI wearing _4 wearing 4 to wearing
_p$ 1B They their childhood in the countryside. LiIe then very hard.
A4 spend / is B4 spent / were _4 spent / will be 4 spent / was
_p$ 11B Chon mt t / cum t gach chn trong cu sau cn phai sa: The hospital has asked various
voluntary organizations to help raising money Ior the new operating threatre.
A4 raising B4 voluntary _4 has asked 4 to help
_p$ 1HB Chon mt t / cum t gach chn trong cu sau cn phai sa: Shes been trying passing her
driving test Ior six years and shes Iinally succeeded.
A4 succeeded B4 Iinally _4 passing 4 driving
_p$ 1ZB Sarah Irom a well-known university.
A4 is said that she graduated B4 was said to be graduated
_4 is said to have graduated 4 was said graduated
_p$ 1iB Chon cu tong thut gn ngha nht voi cu sau: CFould you like to stay or lunch with usGC
A4 They wanted me to stay Ior lunch with them.
B4 They invited me to stay Ior lunch with them.
_4 They promised to oIIer me a lunch.
4 They oIIered me to stay Ior lunch with them.
_p$ 1kB TV has become one oI the most popular Iorms oI entertainment.
A4 Watching B4 To watch _4 To watching 4 Watch
!) 3,cn 6n :2$ 6 )hn '"t )p$ t?N C;i 3ang nh`t )h, )) )p$ hi. t# )p$ iZ 3n )p$ im
In the nited States, Iriendships can be close, constant, intense, generous and real, yet Iade away in a
short time iI circumstances change. Neither side Ieels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas
greetings Ior a year or two, perhaps a Iew letters Ior a while - then no more. II the same two people meet
again by chance, even years later, they pick up the Iriendship where they leIt oII and are delighted.
In the nited States, you can Ieel Iree to visit peoples homes, share their holidays, or enjoy their lives
without Iear that they are taking on a lasting obligation. Do not hesitate to accept hospitality because you
can not give it in return. No one will expect you to do so Ior they know you are Iar Irom home.
Americans will enjoy welcoming you and be pleased iI you accept their hospitality easily.
Once you arrived there, the welcome will be Iull, warm, and real. Most visitors Iind themselves
readily invited into many homes there. In some countries it is considered inhospitable to entertain at
32
home, oIIering what it Ielt as only home cooked Iood, not doing something Ior your guests. It is Ielt
that restaurant entertaining shows most respect and welcome. Or Ior the other reasons, such as crowded
space, language diIIiculties, or Iamily customs, outsiders are not invited into homes.
In the nited States, both methods are used, but it is oIten considered more Iriendly to invite a person
to ones home then go to a public place, except in a pure business relationships. So, iI your host or
hostess brings you home, do not Ieel that you are being shown inIerior treatment.
Dont Ieel neglected iI you do not Iind Ilowers awaiting you in your hotel room, either. lowers are
very expensive there hotel delivery is uncertain arrival times are delayed, changed or cancelled - so
Ilowers are not customarily sent as a welcoming touch. Please do not Ieel unwanted! Outward signs vary
in diIIerent lands the inward welcome is what matters. And this will be real.
_p$ 1lB In the nited States, Iriendship will iI circumstances change.
A4 change suddenly B4 be destroyed _4 disappear gradually 4 be broken
_p$ 1mB Americans their Ioreign Iriends to make a return Ior their hospitality.
A4 hope B4 hesitate _4 never allow 4 dont expect
_p$ 1oB In the nited States, inviting guests to a Iamily dinner is than inviting them to a
public place, except some situations.
A4 less inIerior B4 less hospitable _4 more natural 4 more popular
_p$ 1B According to the passage, which oI the Iollowing is not deIinitely true?
A4 lowers are not customarily sent to guests.
B4 lowers are used as a sign oI welcome.
_4 lowers are beautiIul and available at all time.
4 lowers are really expensive.
_p$ HB According to the passage,
A4 Americans enjoy welcoming you iI their hospitality is accepted.
B4 in some countries it is considered hospitable to entertain at home.
_4 inviting someone to a Iamily dinner is considered an inIerior treatment.
4 Iriendships in the nited States last Iorever.
_p$ H1B Chon cu tong thut gn ngha nht voi cu sau: C1onEt orget to take your ticket with you.C
A4 His mother reminded him to take his ticket with him.
B4 His mother told him to remind to take his ticket with him.
_4 His mother advised him not to take his ticket with him.
4 His mother told him not to take his ticket with him.
_p$ HHB II you are not completely with the product, you can get a reIund.
A4 satisIied B4 to satisIy _4 satisIy 4 satisIying
_p$ HZB Chon mt t / cum t gach chn trong cu sau cn phai sa: More people are inIecting with
HIV this year than they were 5 years ago.
A4 this B4 were _4 inIecting 4 More
_p$ HiB The man daughter teaches me maths, is a doctor.
A4 which B4 whom _4 who 4 whose
_p$ HkB I rode bicycle trips to the countryside I can enjoy pure air.
A4 whose B4 which _4 when 4 where
_p$ HlB Tim mt t ma phn gach chn co cach phat m khac so voi t cn lai:
A4 gay B4 great _4 gentle 4 gate
_p$ HmB I have just met the girls, some oI were your Iriends.
A4 which B4 whom _4 whose 4 who
_p$ HoB to the party, Nam was happy.
A4 Invited B4 To invite _4 Inviting 4 Be invited
33
_p$ HB The house he used to live in has been collapsed.
A4 that B4 when _4 whom 4 who
_p$ ZB Chon mt t / cum t gach chn trong cu sau cn phai sa: The cost oI living has increasing
so much that he Iinds it diIIicult to live within his income.
A4 living B4 increasing _4 much 4 within
LBc 9oMn v,n sau vN chBn Ot cPu tr7 l0i thQch hR' nh@t, t cPu S 9Tn cPu U
The population oI the world has increased more in modern times than in all other ages oI history
combined. World population totalled about 500 million in 1650. It doubled in the period Irom 1650 -
1680. By the year 2000, the population will be about 6.6 billion. Estimates based on research by the
nited Nations indicate that it will double in the twenty-Iive years between 1975 and the year 2000.
No one knows the limits oI the population that the earth can support. Thomas Malthus, an English
economist, developed a theory that became widely accepted in the nineteenth century. He suggested that
because world population tended to increase more rapidly than Iood supply, we should continuously
constrain available resources. Malthus cited wars, Iamines, epidemics and other disasters as in the usual
limitations oI world population growth. With recent advances in science and technology, including
improved agricultural methods and great progresses and in medicine, some oI the limiting Iactors in
population growth have been lessened, with obvious results. International organizations have
recommended programmes to encourage general economic development that target areas along with a
decrease in birth rates to eIIect a lasting solution.
_p$ 1B Which oI the options below is the best title Ior the passage?
A4 A BrieI History oI Population and Over-population B4 Limiting actors in Population Growth
_4 The nited Nations Estimate 4 Thomas Malthuss Theory
_p$ HB What is the population Irom the estimates based on research by the S?
A4 Two million B4 ive hundred million _4 Seven billion 4 Over six billion
_p$ ZB Who was Thomas Malthus?
A4 A scientist B4 An economist
_4 A doctor oI medicine 4 A nited Nations representative
_p$ iB According to the passage, the limiting Iactors in population growth have been lessened because
oI .
A4 precaution B4 disasters _4 improved technology 4 scarcity
_p$ kB What do most experts recommend in order to solve problems oI overpopulation?
A4 Medical advance and improved agricultural methods. B4 amine and epidemic.
_4 Economic development and a decline in the bith rate. 4 Conservation oI available resources
LBc 9oMn v,n sau vN chBn Ot t thQch hR' nh@t 9i:n vNo chV tr1ng, t cPu S 9Tn cPu SU
THE TREAT TO THE ENVIRONMENT
Nowadays people are more aware that wildliIe all over the world is in 1. Many 2 oI
animals are threatened and could easily become 3 iI we do not make an eIIort to 4. There
are many reasons Ior this. In some cases, animals are 5 Ior their Iur or Ior other valuable parts oI
their bodies. Some birds, 6 as parrots, are caught 7 and sold as pets. or many animals
and birds, the problem that their habitat, the 8 where they live is 9. More 10 is
used Ior Iarms, Ior houses or industry, and there are Iewer open 11 than there once were. armers
use powerIul chemicals to help them grow better 12, but these chemicals pollute the environment
and 13 wildliIe. The most successIul animals on earth, human beings, will soon be the only ones
14, unless we can 15 this problem.
_p$ 1B A4 danger B4 problem _4 threat 4 vanishing
_p$ HB A4 Iorms B4 more _4 marks 4 species
_p$ ZB A4 empty B4 vanished _4 disappeared 4 extict
_p$ iB A4 harm B4 serve _4 protect 4 saIe
34
_p$ kB A4 extinct B4 hunted _4 chased 4 game
_p$ lB A4 or B4 like _4 such 4 where
_p$ mB A4 alive B4 Ior living _4 Ior liIe 4 lively
_p$ oB A4 site B4 pint _4 place 4 spot
_p$ B A4 disappearing B4 escaping _4 exhausting 4 departing
_p$ 1B A4 soil B4 area _4 land 4 earth
_p$ 11B A4 up B4 spaces _4 air 4 parts
_p$ 1HB A4 Iields B4 herbs _4 crops 4 products
_p$ 1ZB A4 spoil B4 wrong _4 harm 4 wound
_p$ 1iB A4 missing B4 leIt _4 over 4 survived
_p$ 1kB A4 answer B4 calculate _4 explain 4 solve
!) 3,cn 6n :2$ 6 )hn '"t phQSng n th>)h h\p nh`t 3W t?N C;i )p$ hi. t# )p$ 1 3n )p$ k
Today Id like to begin a discussion on the problem oI the heating up the earth. irst well touch on the
relationship between Iluorocarbons and the ozone layer. You probably remember that the ozone layer is
the protective shield around the earth. It is important to all liIe, because it Iilters out harmIul ultraviolet
light Irom the sun. Ozone itselI, a Iorm oI oxygen, is regularly destroyed by natural chemical processes.
The problem now is that too much oI the ozone layer is being destroyed. Scientists suspect that
certain chemicals, such as Iluorocarbons, are contributing to the depletion oI the ozone layer. And how
do we use Iluorocarbons? The most common uses are in spray cans and cooling systems. The chemical
pollution Irom theses Iuorocrabons can account Ior some oI the ozone losses that have been reported.
There are, however, new studies linking the sun itselI to the depletion oI the ozone layer. Well go into
that new study more next time.
_p$ 1B Who is the most likely speaker?
A4 A mechanic B4 A proIessor _4 A doctor 4 A chemist
_p$ HB What is the speakers main topic?
A4 luorocarbons and ozone layer B4 ltraviolet
_4 Air-conditioning systems 4 The uses oI spray cans
_p$ ZB What is the most important purpose oI the ozone layer?
A4 Providing Iluorocarbons B4 Shielding the sun
_4 Protecting the earth 4 Destroying chemicals
_p$ iB What is the ozone layer made oI?
A4 ltraviolet light B4 Shields _4 Oxygen 4 luorocarbons
_p$ kB What will the speaker probably discuss next?
A4 The make-up oI the ozone layer
B4 How to make air conditioners with Iuorocarbons
_4 HarmIul eIIects oI ultraviolet light
4 The sun as a cause oI ozone layer depletion
Choose the wor) W, (, C or X that has the un)erline) 'art 'ronounce) )ifferently fro that of the
others<
1. A. meets B. tunes C. develops D. Iriends
2. A. admire B. avid C. variety D. while
3. A. agreed B. organised C. based D. listened
Choose the best answer
4. It.............Ha and Lan that are speaking English in this room.
35
A. was B. be C. are D. is
5. The most important thing is to keep yourselI occupied.
A. busy B. relaxed C. comIortable D. Iree
6. England won the World Cup.
A. It was in 1966 that B. It was on 1966 that
C. It was in 1966 when D. It was 1966 in that
7. She hard but also gets on well with her classmates.
C. not only studies D. not studies only
A. doesn`t only study B. studies not only
8. Collecting stamps ......................... my understanding about the world.
A. enlarges B. broadens C. encourages D. deepens
9. They, as well as he, .......responsible Ior this act.
A. stands B. stand C. standing D. to stand
10. Their eIIorts were much .... when they won 2 gold, medals in bodybuilding and billiards.
A. considered B. required C. expended D. appreciated
11. Anything ....better than going to another movie tonight.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
12. Tom,.......lives next door, is having a party tonight.
A. whom B. who C. D. where
13. Now women work both beIore ....... aIter having their children.
14. Neither she nor I ........responsible Ior that. It isn`t our duty.
A. are B. is C. am D. have
15. My Iather is an ............ guitarist.
A. accomplishing B. accomplish C. accomplished D. accomplishment
16. There ...two pagodas Iacing the little lake.
A. are B. is C. be D. to be
17. Not only John but also his two brothers ....... Iootball as their recreation every weekend.
18. The hotel is neither spacious .........
19. Vietnam won 3 gold ...... in the 15
th
Asian Games.
A. degrees B. medals C. awards D. boards
20. I had to pick up my brother, ....car wouldn`t start.
A. who B. who his C. whose D. whom oI
3ewrite the sentences without changing its eaning
26. He broke h7? gC2::7:. (Cleft sentences in the 'assiveY
.......................................
27. Bermuda got its name in 1li4 (A167?@i2C 5,)$:)
.......................................
28. He didn`t write. He didn`t phone. (n7ith7?V4n,?)
.......................................
29. I respect them and I admire them. (@,thV2n1)
.......................................
30. She is very charming. Moreover, she is very intelligent. (n,t ,nC%V@$t 2C:,)
.......................................
Choose the wor) W, (, C or X that has the un)erline) 'art 'ronounce) )ifferently fro that of the
others<
1. A. album: B. tank: C. shop: D. plant:
2. A. admir71 B. look71 C. miss71 D. hop71
36
3. a. popular b. music c. public d. solitude
_h,,:7 th7 @7:t 2n:87?
4. Vietnam won 3 gold ...... at the 15
th
Asian Games.
A. degrees B. medals C. awards D. boards
5. The hotel is neither spacious .........
6. These pictures, as well as, photograph ...... the room.
A. brighten B. brightened C. brightens D. to brighten
7. What you told me....to be oI on importance.
A. seem B. seems C. to seem D. seeming
8..................... I Iirst met my girlIriend.
A. It was in London that B. It was in London where
C. It was London that D. It was London which
9. This is a picture in the newspaper oI a high jumper................... leg was seriously hurt.
A. who B. who C. whose D. that
10. There ...some people at the meeting last year.
A. was B. were C. are D. is
11. Collecting stamps ......................... my understanding about the world.
A. enlarges B. broadens C. encourages D. deepens
12. Mr. James, .....you met at the conIerence, taught me Statistics at university.
A. whom B. that C. which D. all are correct
13. Now women work both beIore ....... aIter having their children.
14. ive hundred miles.... a long distance.
A. to be B. were C. are D. is
15. I like the book ....................you lent me last week.
A. who B. when C. where D.
16. My Iather is an ............ guitarist.
A. accomplishing B. accomplish C. accomplished D. accomplishment
17. The Red Lion is the pub in ......we met Ior a drink.
A. that B. where C. it D. which
18. Not only John but also his two brothers ....... Iootball as their recreation every weekend.
19. Mexico City, .............. is the largest growing city in the world, has the population oI over ten
million.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
20. My Iather never indulges ............ drinking.
A. on B. in C. with D. to
3ewrite the sentences without changing its eaning
21. She sends h7? 5?i7n1: the postcard. (Cleft sentences in the 'assiveY
.......................................
22. He described his hometown in hi: n,67C4 (A167?@i2C 5,)$:)
.......................................
23. It won`t rain today. It won`t rain tomorrow. (n7ith7?Vn,?)
.......................................
24. She`s rench. She`s Swiss. (7ith7? 4444444444444 ,?)
.......................................
25. She`s tired. She`s hungry. (N,t ,nC% 444444444444444 @$t 2C:,)
1. A. comIortable B. postcard C. architecture D. artiIicial
37
2. A. uncertainty B. activity C. organize D. gigantic
3. A. express B. panel C. wrestling D. danger
4. A. governments B. laws C. hundreds D. Iuels
5. A. skill B. billiards C. biking D. weightliIting
6. Many kinds oI rare animals are on the verge oI .
A. disappearance B. death C. destruction D. extinction
7. Yuri Gagarin was really a well-known all over the world.
A. spacecraIt B. cosmonaut C. pilot D. Ilight
attendant
8. Despite the bad weather, he get to the airport in time.
A. could not B. might C. was able to D. couldn`t
9. He did well in mathematics and history.
A. neither B. or C. and D. both
10. The people Ior the bus in the rain are getting wet.
A. waiting B. to wait C. who waiting D. which waited
11. A is a place where you can buy stamps, send letters, etc.
A. station B. post oIIice C. bookshop D. market
12. A is a vehicle that travels in space.
A. satellite B. spaceman C. spacecraIt D. train
13. The Iish Ior dinner was really delicious.
A. we had B. that we had it C. we had it D. had
14. The story to I listened yesterday was interesting.
A. that B. whom C. which D. who
15. The ancient Egyptians built stone as places to bury their kings.
A. monuments B. graves C. tombs D. pyramids
16. The singer was on the piano by her sister.
A. discarded B. accompanied C. perIormed D. played
17. Peter has leIt these socks on the bathroom Iloor, ?
A. didn`t Peter B. hasn`t Peter C. hasn`t he D. didn`t he
18. My grandmother, was an extraordinary woman, lived to the age oI a hundred and
IiIteen.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
19. The book is about the girl runs away Irom home.
A. whom B. which C. whose D. who
20. I hate camping because I can`t an umbrella tent in the wind and can`t make a Iire in the
rain.
A. put up B. take over C. set oII D. turn round
21. The Asian Games every Iour years.
A. takes place B. takes over C. takes part in D. takes oII
22. There are some hobbies that I in Ior a while besides reading books and collecting
stamps.
A. occupy B. indulge C. Iascinate D. accomplish
23. Scientists should be encouraged to develop Ior the present sources oI energy.
A. gases B. alternatives C. Iuels D. power
_h,,:7 th7 $n17?Cin71 p2?t th2t n771: ),??7)ti,n4
24. It was at the shop which she bought a wonderIul present Ior him on his birthday.
25. sing bicycles in big cities is good because they are not only clean and easy to park.
26. This school is only Ior children their Iirst language is not English.
27. John was the last man reached the top oI the mountain in the contest held last year.
28. On 15
th
October in 2003, China launched its Iirst manned spacecraIt into space, wasn`t it?
R721 2n1 5iCC in th7 @C2n/: 8ith th7 @72:t 2n:87?4
38
We need energy to live and work. Our major source oI (6) is oil. Oil is one kind oI Iossil Iuel.
The amount oI Iossil Iuels in the world is (7) . ThereIore, we must save it and must Iind new
sources oI energy. Geothermal (8) and nuclear power are alternative sources oI energy. They can
give us electricity. Other alternative sources are the sun, waves (9) water. These sources are not
only unlimited and available (10)clean and saIe Ior the environment. People should develop and
use them more and more in the Iuture.
29. A. oil B. Iuel C. heat D. energy
30. A. renewable B. unlimited C. nonrenewable D. limited
31. A. heated B. heat C. hot D. heating
32. A. and B. or C. both D. also
33. A. both B. either C. but also D. and
R721 th7 p2::2g7 2n1 1, th7 t2:/: th2t 5,CC,84
The Asian Games, also called the ASIAD, is a multi-sport event held every Iour years among
athletes Irom all over Asia. The games are regulated by the Olympic Council oI Asia (OCA) under the
supervision oI the International Olympic Committee (IOC). Medals are awarded in each event, with gold
Ior the Iirst place, silver Ior second and bronze Ior third. This tradition started in 1951. The Asian Games
are dominated by the People`s Republic oI China. Competitors are entered by a National Olympic
Committee (NOC) to represent their country oI citizenship. National anthems and Ilags accompany the
medal ceremonies, and tables showing the number oI medals won by each country are widely used. In
general, only recognized nations are represented, but a Iew non-sovereign countries are allowed to take
part. The special case oI Taiwan was handled by having it compete as Chinese Taipei due to the political
status oI Taiwan.
The 15
th
Asian Games were held in Doha, atar Irom December 1
st
to December 16, 2005. The next
ASIAD will be held in Guangzhou, China Irom November 2
nd
to November 18
th
, 2010.
34. The Asian Games is
A. dominated by the People`s Republic oI China B. supervised by the Olympic Council oI Asia
C. rewarded with only gold medals D. regulated by International Olympic Committee
35. The Asian Games are
A. held every Ior years B. also called ASIAD C. a multi-sport event D. All are correct.
36. Which oI the Iollowing sentences is NOT true?
A. In general only recognized nations are represented.
B. Gold medals are awarded Ior the Iirst place.
C. Taiwan was not represented because oI its political status.
D. There are many sports events played in the Asian Games.
37. Where will the 16
th
Asian Games be held?
A. In Japan B. In China C. In Doha D. In Taiwan
38. The best title Ior the passage is .
A. The Asian Games (The ASIAD) B. The Olympic Council oI Asia
C. The International Olympic Committee D. The National Olympic Committee
_h,,:7 th7 ,n7 th2t i: )C,:7:t '72n72ng t, th7 ?,,t ,n74
39. The boy played Iootball the whole aIternoon.
A. It was the whole aIternoon that the boy played.
B. It was Iootball that the boy played the whole aIternoon.
C. It was the boy that Iootball played the whole aIternoon.
D. It was Iootball which played with the boy the whole aIternoon.
40. My mother gave me this camera on my 18
th
birthday.
A. It was this camera that was given to me on my 18
th
birthday.
B. It was on my 18
th
birthday that I gave this camera to my mother.
C. It was me that gave this camera to my mother on my 18
th
birthday.
D. It was my mother that was given this camera on my 18
th
birthday.
39

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