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Dạy Thêm Hè Tiếng Anh 12 Bản HS
Dạy Thêm Hè Tiếng Anh 12 Bản HS
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B. GRAMMAR
I. A/AN/THE
• A/an/the là những từ hết sức quen thuộc trong tiếng Anh, chúng được gọi là mạo từ.
Có 2 loại mạo từ: mạo từ không xác định và mạo từ xác định.
1. Cách dùng mạo từ không xác định “a” và “an”.
• Dùng “a” hoặc “an” trước một danh từ số ít đếm được. Chúng có nghĩa là một. Chúng được dùng trong
câu có tính khái quát hoặc đề cập đến một chủ thể chưa được đề cập từ trước.
Ex: - A ball is round (nghĩa chung, khái quát, chỉ tất cả các quả bóng): Quả bóng hình tròn.
- He has seen a girl (chúng ta không biết cô gái nào, chưa được đề cập trước đó): Anh ấy vừa mới gặp
một cô gái.
a. Dùng "an” trước:
- Quán từ "an" được dùng trước các từ bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm (trong cách phát âm, chứ không phải trong
cách viết). Bao gồm:
- Các từ bắt đầu bằng các nguyên âm “a, e, i, o”. Ví dụ: an apple (một quả táo), an orange (một quả cam).
- Một số từ bắt đầu bằng “u”: Ví dụ: an umbrella (một cái ô)
- Một số từ bắt đầu bằng “h” câm: Ví dụ: an hour (một tiếng)
- Các từ mở đầu bằng một chữ viết tắt: an S.O.S/ an M.P
b. Dùng "a" trước:
- Dùng “a” trước các từ bắt đầu bằng một phụ âm. Chúng bao gồm các chữ cái còn lại và một số trường hợp
bắt đầu bằng "u, y, h".
Ex: A house (một ngôi nhà), a year (một năm), a uniform (một bộ đồng phục)...
- Đứng trước một danh từ mở đầu bằng "uni..." và "eu" phải dùng "a": Ví dụ: a university (trường đại
học), a union (tổ chức), a culogy (lời ca ngợi).
- Dùng trong các thành ngữ chỉ số lượng nhất định như: a lot of/ a great deal of/ a couple/ a dozen.
Ex: I want to buy a dozen eggs. (Tôi muốn mua 1 tả trứng.)
- Dùng trước những số đếm nhất định thường là hàng ngàn, hàng trăm như: a/ one hundred - a/ one
thousand.
Ex: My school has a thousand students. (Trường của tôi có một nghìn học sinh.)
- Dùng trước “half” (một nửa) khi nó theo sau một đơn vị nguyên vẹn: a kilo hay a half, hay khi nó đi ghép
với một danh từ khác để chỉ nửa phần (khi viết có dấu gạch nối): a half - share, a half - holiday (ngày lễ chỉ
nghỉ nửa ngày).
Ex: My mother bought a half kilo of apples. (Mẹ tôi mua nửa cân táo.)
- Dùng với các đơn vị phân số như : 1/3 ( a/ one third), 1/5 (a/ one fifth), 1/4 (a quarter)
Ex: I get up at a quarter past six. (Tôi thức dậy lúc 6 giờ 15 phút.)
- Dùng trong các thành ngữ chỉ giá cả, tốc độ, tỉ lệ: a dollar, a kilometer, an hour, 4 times a day...
Ex: John goes to work four times a week. (John đi làm 4 lần 1 tuần.)
2. Cách dùng mạo từ xác định “the”
• Dùng “the” trước một danh từ đã được xác định cụ thể về mặt tính chất, đặc điểm, vị trí hoặc đã được đề
cập đến trước đó, hoặc những khái niệm phổ thông, ai cũng biết.
Ex: - The man next to Lin is my friend. (Trong câu này cả người nói và người nghe đều biết đó là người
đàn
ông nào). Người đàn ông bên cạnh Lin là bạn của tôi.
- The sun is big. (Mặt trời chỉ có một). Mặt trời rất lớn.
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• Với danh từ không đếm được, dùng “the” nếu nói đến một vật cụ thể, không dùng “the” nếu nói chung.
Ex: - Chili is very hot. (Chỉ các loại ớt nói chung). Ớt rất cay.
- The chili on the table has been bought. (Cụ thể là ớt ở trên bàn) Ớt ở trên bàn vừa mới được mua.
• Với danh từ đếm được số nhiều, khi chúng có nghĩa đại diện chung cho một lớp các vật cùng loại thì cũng
không dùng "the".
Ex: Students should do homework before going to school. (Học sinh nói chung)
Học sinh nên làm bài tập về nhà trước khi đến trường.
REVIEW THE SIMPLE PAST & PAST CONTINUOUS.
1. Simple past (Quá khứ đơn)
a. Với động từ "to be":
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Bài 3: Put the verbs into the past simple or past continuous tense.
1. I used my time well while I (wait) _______ for the train - I wrote some emails.
2. I (not/work) _______ when my boss walked in my office. I was on Facebook.
3. I saw a car crash when I (wait) _______ for the taxi.
4. Tom (have) _______ long hair and a beard when he was at university.
5. It started raining while I (drive) _______ to work.
6. What (you/do) _______ this time last year?
7. I (not/call) _______ you at 10 o'clock as arranged because I was having a meeting.
8. I (stiIl/sleep) _______ when my husband left for work this morning.
Bài 4: Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct tense, past simple or past continuous. Use the
passive form if necessary.
1. When she heard the phone ring, she _______ (stop) reading to answer it.
2. My mother _______ (read), so she didn't see me walking past.
3. When the accident happened, thousands of people _______ (pass) through the airport.
4. I _______ (have) English lessons every week from the age of four onwards.
5. They decided to leave the beach because it _______ (get) dark and they wanted to get home while there
was still some light.
6. Kate already _______ (think) of leaving university before she failed her first year exams?
7. Since your house had a pool, you _______ (swim) every day?
8. The disaster _______ (attract) hundreds of people from the country to the city.
9. Sorry I couldn't come on Monday, I _______ (work) on my project.
10. The national park _______ (create) to protect wildlife.
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3. I think _______ man over there is very ill. He can't stand on his feet.
4. I watched _______ video you had sent me.
5. She was wearing _______ ugly dress when she met him.
6. I am crazy about reading _______ history books.
7. She is _______ beautiful girl.
8. Do you want to go to _______ cinema where we first met?
9. He is _______ engineer.
10. He thinks that _______ love is what will save us all.
11. I like _______ blue T-shirt over there better than _______ red one.
12. Their car does 150 miles hour.
13. Where's _______ USB drive I lent you last week?
14. Do you still live in _______ Ho Chi Minh City?
15. Is your mother working in old office building?
16. Tim's father works as _______ electrician.
17. The tomatoes are 99 pence _______ kilo.
18. What do you usually have for _______ breakfast?
19. Mike has _______ terrible headache.
20. After this tour you have _______ whole afternoon free to explore the city.
Bài 7: Fill in the bank with a/an, the or x if it isn't necessary to use any article.
1. He is _______ very nice man.
2. They are _______ brave girls.
3. _______ farmhouses in my village were rather poor.
4. He told me _______ story of his life.
5. This is _______ good example.
6. _______ roof of _______ house was on fire.
7. We are _______ students.
8. Those were _______ interesting books.
9. Look at _______ top of that tree.
10. I am _______ good sailor.
11. _______ frame of that picture is broken.
12. John has become _______ driver.
13. It was _______ very long way to go.
14. We stopped at _______ door of his hut.
15. _______ cover of my English book is green.
16. Mark and Peter were _______ good sportsmen.
17. _______ last days of my stay in London were the most interesting.
18. She was _______ good actress.
19. This _______ exception.
20. _______ banks of _______ river were very steep.
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Bài 9: Complete the text by using A, AN, THE or (x) for "no article" for each blank.
I just received a postcard from (1) _______ Smiths, a family I met last year. It made me start thinking: When
was (2) _______ last time I actually sent (3) _______ letter or (4) _______ postcard to someone? It's strange,
(5) _______ postal service has been part of (6) _______ daily life for (7) _______ centuries. And suddenly,
within (8) _______ single generation, (9) _______ postal system is on its way to becoming (10) _______
thing of (11) _______ past. These days, (12) _______ few people send (13) _______ letters.
Today, (14) _______ email is (15) _______ far more common way to communicate with (16) _______
friends and (17) _______ family. It's also (18) _______ faster and cheaper way to communicate. When I
send (19) email to (20) _______ friend in (21) distant country, (22) _______ friend will receive (23)
_______ email almost immediately. What's more, I have the ability to attach (24) _______
photograph, (25) _______ video, or (26) _______ MP3. And I don't even have to buy (27) _______
expensive stamp. But (28) _______ world is changing quickly. In (29) _______ decade or two, we might all
be using (30) _______ totally different kind of technology to communicate.
8. What _______ terrible weather! Normally _______ weather in the UK is not so bad.
A. the-the B. a-the C. ∅-the D. the-a
9. After a busy day, I went to _______ bed and had _______ most beautiful dream ever.
A. the - the B. a - the C. a - a D. ∅ - the
10. She has visited _______ Portugal but she has never been to _______ Netherlands.
A. the-the B. ∅-the C. a – the D. a – a
Bài 12: Fill in the blank with A, AN, THE or (x) for "no article" for each blank.
1. What's _______ longest river in _______ world? Is it _______ Amazon or _______ Nile? I'm terrible at
_______ geography.
2. In 1824, Louis Braille developed _______ system of writing for _______ blind. Quickly, _______ system,
known as "Braille" after _______ inventor, spread from _______ France to dozens of _______ countries.
3. Because she did not speak _______ English, she had _______ little chance of advancing her career, so she
applied for _______ year-long English course at _______ Cambridge University.
4. Tim loves islands. He has been to _______ Cuba, _______ Bali, _______ Bahamas, and _______
Philippines. And _______ next year, he wants to go to _______ Madagascar.
5. Jenifer always says that _______ patience is _______ virtue, but she is _______ least patient person I've
ever met. Don't you think that's _______ little ironic?
6. Every year, _______ Smiths go camping in _______ Yellowstone National Park. But _______ next
year, they are going to visit Mr. Smith's mother in _______ South instead.
7. Wow, _______ cheese is getting so expensive! Look, that cheese costs more than $50 _______ pound.
TEST 1
A. PHONETICS
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. accident B. jazz C. stamps D. watch
2. A. this B. thick C. maths D. thin
3. A gas B. gain C. germ D. goods
4. A. bought B. nought C. plough D. thought
5. A. spear B. gear C. fear D. pear
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. remember B. influence C. expression D. convenient
2. A. medium B. computer C. formation D. connection
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3. Mother Teresa was a Roman Catholic nun who devoted her life to serving the poor and destitute around
the world.
A. committed B. dedicated C. committed D. attended
4. Marilyn Monroe has become an iconic representative of fame and female beauty.
A. figure B. image C. typical D. idol
5. Marilyn Monroe was an epitome of sensuality, beauty and effervescence and was naturally photogenic.
A. frame B. indicator C. instructor D. figure
6. Despite the media often being dismissive of Monroe's potential, her efforts to improve acting paid off.
A. failed B. broke down C. managed D. met with success
7. Margaret Thatcher was known for her tough uncompromising conservative political views, and became
dubbed as ‘The Iron Lady’.
A. reserved B. inflexible C. narrow-minded D. compatible
8. He is commonly referred to as the "The King of Rock 'n' Roll" and epitomizes the post-war pop
generation
A. be representative of B. leads C. elaborates D. expands on
9. Leonardo da Vinci created rare masterpieces of art such as The Mona Lisa' and ‘The Last Supper’.
A. worthless works of art B. invaluable property
C. excellent qualifications D. excellent works of art
10. Da Vinci studied all aspects of life and his far-reaching investigations and discoveries sought to show
an underlying unity of the universe.
A. insignificant B. finite C. extensive D. excessive
V. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. Da Vinci from an early age began to display his remarkable academic and artistic talents.
A. striking B. extraordinary C. run-of-the-mill D. exceptional
2. Joachim Lafosse confirms his exceptional talent with "Free Student", a film that is more conventional in
its form.
A. out of the ordinary B. abnormal C. usual D. odd
3. Van Gogh became one of the most celebrated artists of the twentieth century.
A. admired B. honored C. acclaimed D. obscure
4. Michael stood out for his exceptional enthusiasm and soft, infectious musical voice.
A. attract attention B. be inconspicuous C. be conspicuous D. stick out a mile
5. In recent years, Madonna has continued to tour, release albums and engage in humanitarian work.
A. throw oneself into B. become uninvolved in C. have a hand in D. take part in
6. Henry VIII was equally notorious for his six marriages and several scandalous love affairs.
A. anonymous B. infamous C. celebrated D. ill-famed
7. The works Da Vinci did finish were often spectacular masterpieces, such as his paintings The Last
Supper and The Mona Lisa.
A. magnificent B. out of this world C. unimpressive D. remarkable
8. The death of Diana princess had a profound impact on the British public and those in other countries.
A. far-reaching B. superficial C. deep-seated D. heartfelt
VI. Put the verb in the past simple tense or the past continuous.
1. When I (arrive) ________________________ at this house, he still (sleep) ________________________.
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A. had been studying B. are studying C. have been studying D. were studying
5. This school has an excellent ____ in the community.
A. image B. reputation C. name D. opinion
6. ____ youngest boy has just started going to ____ school.
A. a/ x B. x/ the C. an/ x D. the/ x
7. Do you go to ____ prison to visit him?
A. the B. a C. x D. an
8. The boys broke a window when they ____ football.
A. played B. were playing C. half played D. are playing
9. In spite of having a peasant ____, Nguyen Hue had proved that he was really an excellent general, only
gained victories.
A. situation B. experience C. condition D. background
10. As well as being a successful actor, Clint Eastwood is a ____ film director.
A. talent B. talented C. distinguish D. respectful
11. I ____ about him when suddenly he came in.
A. talk B. talked C. am talking D. was talking
12. At first, Microsoft had ____ hyphen in the name "Micro-soft", ____ combination of microcomputer and
____ software.
A. a - the - a B. a - a - X C. the - the - X D. X - a - the
13. Le Loi used the ____ war, moving from little to large scale.
A. mid-term B. short-term C. long-term D. half term
14. Last night at this time, they ____ the same thing. She ____ and he ____ the newspaper.
A. are doing/ is cooking/ is reading B. were doing/ was cooking/ was reading
C. was doing/ has cooked/ is reading D. had done/ was cooking/ read
15. When Carol ____ last night, I ____ my favorite show on television.
A. was calling/ watched C. called/ was watching
B. called/ have watched D. had called/ watched
IX. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that needs correction.
1. The shortage of cooking gas in North Korea raised prices: an example of how the law of supply and
demand also apply to planned economies.
A. The shortage of B. raised C. an example of D. apply
2. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, physical techniques making it possible to determine the
chemical constitution of stars.
A. latter half B. making it C. to determine D. of stars
3. In 1997, molecular biologist L. Mark Lagrimini of Ohio State University cloned the gene in that codes for
a type of peroxidase found in tobacco plants.
A. In B. in that C. a type of D. found
4. Alpine Sainte nards are too good at following the scent of humans, even in snow, that they are used by ski
patrols as rescue dogs.
A. too B. following C. used D. as
5. Booker T. Washington, head of the first industrial school for African Americans, was as popular with
Southerners than he was with Northerners.
A. first industrial B. was C. popular with D. than he
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the deaths of his father and uncle at the hands of the rival leaders, Nguyen Phuc Anh fled to the southern
coastal tip of Vietnam where (6) ____ he met a French priest, Pigneau de Behaine, who would (7) ____
become his trusted adviser and play a major role in his (8) ____ to power. He escaped with the help of the
priest and later on sought aid from the French in his struggle (9) ____ his rivals. (10) ____ the help of the
French, and equipped with (11) ____ European armaments, he was (12) ____ in securing victories over his
rivals.
1. A. found B. founded C. founding D. founder
2. A. Because of B. In view of C. Despite of D. In spite of
3. A. encounter B. face up C. manage D. get by
4. A. shield B. target C. purpose D. destination
5. A. wipe off B. wipe out C. kill up D. destroy
6. A. by chance B. on occasion C. on purpose D. at stake
7. A. at last B. especially C. specially D. eventually
8. A. raise B. arise C. rise D. rising
9. A. for B. against C. off D. at
10. A. With B. Without C. But for D. Thanks
11. A. advance B. advances C. advanced D. advancing
12. A. engaged B. involved C. successful D. attended
III. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
William Sydney Porter (1862-1910), who wrote under the pseudonym of O. Henry, was born in
North Carolina. His only formal education was to attend his Aunt Lina's school until the age of fifteen,
where he developed his lifelong love of books. By 1881 he was a licensed pharmacist. However, within a
year, on the recommendation of a medical colleague of his Father's, Porter moved to La Salle County in
Texas for two years herding sheep. During this time, Webster's Unabridged Dictionary was his constant
companion, and Porter gained a knowledge of ranch life that he later incorporated into many of his short
stories. He then moved to Austin for three years, and during this time the first recorded use of his pseudonym
appeared, allegedly derived from his habit of calling "Oh, Henry' to a family cat. In 1887, Porter man Athol
Estes. He worked as a draftsman, then as a bank teller for the First National Bank.
In 1894 Porter founded his own humor weekly, the "Rolling Stone", a venture that failed within a
year, and later wrote a column for the Houston Daily Post. In the meantime, the First National Bank was
examined, and the subsequent indictment of 1886 stated that Porter had embezzled funds. Porter then fled to
New Orleans, and later to Honduras, leaving his wife and child in Austin. He returned in 1897 because of his
wife's continued ill-health, however she died six months later. Then, in 1898 Porter was found guilty and
sentenced to five years imprisonment in Ohio. At the age of thirty five, he entered prison as a defeated man;
he had lost his job, his home, his wife, and finally his freedom. He emerged from prison three years later,
reborn as O. Henry, the pseudonym he now used to hide his true identity. He wrote at least twelve stories in
jail, and after re-gaining his freedom, went to New York City, where he published more than 300 stories and
gained fame as America's favorite short Story writer. Porter married again in 1907, but after months of poor
health, he died in New York City at the age of forty-eight in 1910. O. Henry's stories have been translated all
over the world.
1. According to the passage, Porter's Father was ____.
A. the person who gave him a life-long love of books
B. a medical doctor
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C. a licensed pharmacist
D. responsible for his move to La Salle County in Texas
2. Why did the author write the passage?
A. to outline the career of a famous American
B. because of his fame as America's favorite short story writer
C. because it is a tragic story of a gifted writer
D. to outline the influences on O. Henry's writing
3. The word "imprisonment" in paragraph 2 is closet in meaning to ____.
A. captivity B. escape C. insult D. punishment
4. What is the passage primarily about?
A. The life and career of William Sydney Porter B. The way to adopt a nickname.
C. O. Henry's influence on American literature. D. The adventures of O. Henry.
5. The author implies which of the following is true?
A. Porter's wife might have lived longer if he had not left her in Austin when he fled.
B. Porter was in poor health throughout his life.
C. O. Henry is as popular in many other countries as he is in America
D. Porter would probably have written less stories if he had not been in prison for three years.
6. Which of the following is true, according to the passage?
A. Porter left school at 15 to become a pharmacist
B. Porter wrote a column for the Houston Daily Post called "Rolling Stone".
C. The first recorded use of his pseudonym was in Austin
D. Both of Porter's wives died before he died
7. The word "pseudonym" in the passage refers to ____.
A. William Sydney Porter B. O. Henry C. Athol Estes D. the Aunt Lina
IV. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are
perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent
light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet
failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not
through hard work but simply by accident in most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something,
the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was
attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals
together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment
was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration
though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and
pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to
create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that
endeavor, he managed to invent Coca-Cola, the world - famous carbonated soft drink.
Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In
1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic in this manner. He discovered some mold
growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he
investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved
millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an
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experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He
investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could
utilize microwaves to heat food, the microwave oven.
1: Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage ____.
A. History's Most Important Inventions B. Accidental Inventions and Discoveries
C. How to Become a Great Inventor D. You Don't Always Get What You Want
2: In paragraph 1, the word "arduous" is closest in meaning to ____.
A. detailed B. tough C. specific D. constant
3: In paragraph 2, the word "endeavor" is closest in meaning to ____.
A. research B. dream C. request D. attempt
4: What does the author say about Teflon?
A. People first used it as a refrigeration device.
B. It was created many years before Coca-Cola.
C. The man who made it was a pharmacist.
D. It is used for kitchenware nowadays.
5: Who was John Pemberton?
A. The person who made Teflon B. The creator of Coca-Cola
C. The man who discovered penicillin D. The inventor of the microwave
6: The author uses Alexander Fleming as an example of ____.
A. one of the most famous inventors in history
B. a person who made an accidental scientific discovery
C. someone who became a millionaire from his invention
D. a man who dedicated his life to medical science
7: What does the author imply about penicillin?
A. Doctors seldom use it nowadays. B. Some people are not affected by it.
C. It is an invaluable medical supply. D. Mold combines with bacteria to make it.
D. WRITING
I. Indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
1. Only with careful environmental planning can we protect the world in which we live.
A. Careful environmental planning protects the world we live in.
B. Planning the environment carefully, we can protect the world in which we live.
C. Protecting the world we live in, we plan the environment carefully.
D. We can protect the world we live in only with careful environmental planning.
2. You should take regular exercises instead of sitting in front of the television all day.
A. Taking regular exercises is better than sitting in front of the television all day.
B. Sitting in front of the television all day helps you take regular exercises.
C. Sitting in front of the television all day and taking exercises are advisable.
D. Don't take regular exercises, just sit in front of the television all day.
3. Wouldn't it be better to let them know about the alternations to the plan?
A. Why haven't they have been informed about the new development?
B. Shouldn't they have been consulted before the scheme was changed?
C. Don't they think they should be informed about the changes in the plan?
D. We'd better ask them to change the plan, hadn't we?
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4. Don't take any notice of all his complaints about his health; there's nothing wrong with him.
A. You can ignore all his talk of being ill; he's actually perfectly healthy.
B. Try to avoid the subject of his health as I am tired of hearing all about his complaints.
C. Don't listen to him talking about his health; it's his favorite subject.
D. If you let him, he would talk only about his ill-health though actually he is quite healthy.
5. We had planned to walk right round the lake, but the heavy rain made this impossible.
A. In spite of the heavy rain we managed to walk half way round the lake as planned.
B. The heavy rain nearly prevented us from walking right round the lake.
C. We would have walked right round the lake even if it had rained heavily.
D. If it hadn't rained so heavily, we would have walked right round the lake.
6. There won't be peace in the conflict if both sides do not really desire it.
A. It is only if both sides actually want the conflict to end peacefully that it will happen.
B. As both sides in the conflict apparently desire peace, it is likely that there will be peace soon.
C. The main problem in the conflict seems to be that neither side really desires peace.
D. There has been a lot of fighting in the conflict because both sides seem to want it that way.
7. The accident happened as a result of the driver's not paying attention to the road.
A. If the driver would have paid attention to the road, the accident hadn't happened.
B. Had the driver been paid attention to the road, the accident wouldn't have happened.
C. If the driver had been paying attention to the road, the accident wouldn't have happened.
D. Had the accident not happened, the driver would not have had to pay attention to the road.
8. "Shall I help you do the dishes, Carlo?" said Robert.
A. Robert suggested helping Carlo with the dishes.
B. Robert suggested to help Carlo do the dishes.
C. Robert offered Carlo to help do the dishes.
D. Robert offered to help Carlo do the dishes.
9. If I hadn't had so much work to do I would have gone to the movies.
A. Because I had to do so much work I couldn't go to the movies.
B. I would go to the movies when I had done so much work.
C. A lot of work couldn't prevent me from going to the movies.
D. I never go to the movies if I have work to do.
10. "Why don't you get your hair cut, Gavin?" said Adam.
A. Adam advised Gavin to cut his hair.
B. Gavin was suggested to have a hair cut.
C. It was suggested that Adam get Gavin's haircut.
D. Adam suggested that Gavin should have his hair cut.
II. Indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of the following sentences.
1. He did not remember the meeting. He went out for a coffee with his friends then.
A. Not remember the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends.
B. Not to remember the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends.
C. Not remembered the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends.
D. Not remembering the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends.
2. They left their home early. They didn't want to miss the first train.
A. They left their home early so as to not miss the first train.
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B. They left their home early for fear that they wouldn't miss the first train.
C. They left their home early so as not to miss the first train.
D. They left their home early in order that not to miss the first train.
3. The traffic is so heavy. It will take us at least an hour to get there.
A. Unless the traffic is heavy, it will take us at least an hour to get there.
B. As the traffic is so heavy, it will take us at least an hour to get there.
C. The traffic was so heavy that it took us an hour to get there.
D. We will spend more than an hour to get there to avoid heavy traffic.
4. There was no poor performance. Moreover, that of the Russian dancers was certainly the best.
A. The best performance was the one of the Russians while some of the others were poor.
B. The Russian dancers were well-worth watching but the others weren't.
C. All the dancers but the Russian performed poorly.
D. They all danced well, but the Russian did the best.
5. I started training to be an accountant six months ago. I've got more months to go and then I have to take
exams.
A. By the time I've taken my exam, I will have started training to be an accountant for a year.
B. By the time I take my exam, I will have been in training to be an accountant for a year.
C. By the time I took my exam, I would have trained to be an accountant for a year.
D. By the time I've taken my exam, I will be training for a year.
6. Why did Danny decide to enter the marathon? Danny's totally unfit.
A. Why did Danny decide to enter the marathon who's totally unfit?
B. Why did Danny, whose totally unfit, decide to enter the marathon?
C. Why did Danny decide to enter the marathon, who's totally unfit?
D. Why did Danny, who's totally unfit, decide to enter the marathon?
TEST 2
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. candy B. sandy C. many D. handy
2. A. earning B. learning C. searching D. clearing
3. A. waited B. mended C. naked D. faced
4. A. given B. risen C. ridden D. whiten
5. A. cough B. tough C. rough D. enough
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. designer B. origin C. history D. quality
2. A. capital B. construction C. announcement D. eventful
3. A. apartment B. tradition C. different D. expensive
4. A. monitor B. organize C. following D. inviting
5. A. accurate B. discussion C. sentiment D. industry
III. Choose the correct words in the box to complete the sentences.
gained patriotism favourable
talented celebrated leadership
1. Her mother is always the first reader of her books, and she creates the most __________________
conditions for her daughter to work.
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2. Nguyen Dinh Chieu was a Vietnamese poet who was known for his __________________ and anti-
colonial writings against the French
3. The work, Luc Van Tien, remains one of the most __________________ works in Vietnamese literature.
4. He was the most __________________ football player that our school had produced in years. His talent
for football was great.
5. Nguyen Hue, with his genius __________________, created a people's army, no matter small or large.
6. Nguyen Binh Khiem __________________ a reputation as someone who could foretell the future.
IV. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. The impact of the assembly line helped Ford become the dominant firm in the motorcar industry.
A. most influential B. subservient C. best-selling D. depressive
2. They all encouraged my creativity and inspired me in many ways.
A. overlooked B. motivated C. rejected D. disappointed
3. She idolizes her artist mother, Ingrid, who is as strong and dangerous as she is beautiful.
A. impresses B. detests C. worships D. hates
4. Clara did not care how low the Phineas fortune had fallen; no proper respectable girl would allow herself
to be a maid.
A. disreputable B. unworthy C. paltry D. reputable
5. He was by nature a reserved man but not a cold one.
A. shy B. easygoing C. sociable D. lavish
6. She was brought up in a well-off family. She can't understand the problems we are facing.
A. poor B. broke C. wealthy D. kind
V. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. P.G. Wodehouse's broadcasts attracted the strongest criticism from countrymen who felt it appeared he
was indifferent to the war.
A. attentive B. regardless C. unresponsive D. apathetic
2. Although many criticized his seemingly over-generous pay. Henry Ford also pointed out that the high
wage helped the workers to be able to afford the cars.
A. lavish B. open-handed C. big-hearted D. mean
3. Annie ran Tobin's Café on the Quay for some 30 years where she was known to be a very generous and
charitable lady.
A. free-handed B. generous C. non-profit-making D. penny-pinching
4. Rich, worldly and sophisticated, he could have been the ideal husband for Gwendolyn but feels
compelled to crush her independent spirit and mold her into his perfect wife.
A. elegant B. naive C. knowledgeable D. worldly-wise
5. There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and fanners are having trouble.
A. abundant B. adequate C. unsatisfactory D. dominant
6. We strongly believe that he's innocent of the crime. We do not think that he did it
A. crimeless B. skillful C. clean D. guilty
7. The situation seems to be changing minute by minute.
A. from time to time B. time after time C. again and again D. very slowly
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8. Jose had a hard time comparing the iPhone to the Samsung phone because to him they were apples and
oranges.
A. containing too many technical details B. very similar
C. completely different D. very complicated
VI. Indicate the correct answer to complete each of the following questions.
1. Hawking was honored with many ____ awards like the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society.
A. exceptional B. imperative C. indispensible D. prestigious
2. Her range of media enterprises has made Oprah one of the richest ____ women.
A. ready-made B. self-made C. tailor-made D. independent-made
3. When I ____ home last night, I ____ that Jane ____ a beautiful candle light dinner.
A. had arrived/discovered/preparing B. was arriving/has discovered/was preparing
C. have arrived/was discovering/had prepared D. arrived/discovered/was preparing
4. Tran Hung Dao was a great ____ to lure the enemy to enter deeply into his land, then attacked to destroy
them.
A. strategy B. strategist C. soldier D. king
5. ____ Emperor Quang Trung was ____ second emperor of ____ Tay Son Dynasty, reigning from 1788 to
1792.
A. The - a - the B. X - a - the C. X - the - the D. X – the - X
6. While I ____ TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor.
A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching
7. When it began to rain, they ____ in the yard.
A. played B. had played C. were playing D. have played
8. Liz and Laura is going shopping together.
Liz: "Look! This sweater is beautiful." - Laura:"____?"
A. Why not trying it on B. Why not trying on it
C. Why not try it on D. Why not try on it
9. Anna is seeing Bill off at the airport.
Anna: “____” - Bill: "I will."
A. I'll miss you much. B. Give my best wishes to your parents.
C. Have a nice trip! D. Wish you a happy journey.
10. When I woke up this morning, it ____.
A. rained B. was raining C. has rained D. is raining
11. Her ____ to medicine was so great that she had little time for anything else.
A. importance B. dedication C. emphasis D. reputation
12. Bill Gates was ____ middle child of William H. Gates II, ____ prominent Seattle Lawyer, and Mary
Gates, who worked as teacher before she had children.
A. the / a / a B. a / a / a C. the / the / a D. the / the / the
13. While Tom ____ tennis, Ann ____ a shower.
A. played / took B. playing / taking C. was playing / was taking D. was play / was
take
14. When they ____ in the garden, the phone ____.
A. worked / was ringing B. were working / rang C. worked / rang D. work / rings
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15. Oprah Winfrey has been an important role model for black American women, breaking down many
invisible ____.
A. trends B. gaps C. obstacles D. barriers
16. It was on Oprah that Armstrong finally made a dramatic ____ that he had used performance-enhancing
drugs during his cycling career.
A. encouragement B. confession C. receipt D. acceptance
17. In 2004, Barack Obama was elected to the US Senate where he ____ a reputation as one of rising stars in
the Democrat Party.
A. acquired B. refrained C. gained D. highlighted
18. Michael Porter has ____ as the strategic adviser to many successful U.S. companies and other
international companies.
A. served B. employed C. described D. appointed
19. Gia Long had to ____ many difficulties in his early life, as he became the target of rival groups
attempting to wipe out the Nguyen clan completely
A. deal B. cope C. encounter D. surpass
20. A year into his presidency, Barack Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (2009) ____ his promise
to promote world peace.
A. about B. for C. with D. on
21. George VI ____ royal duties such as representing his father at coalmines, factories, and rail yards.
A. paid off B. got over C. gave in D. took up
22. Nelson Mandela is one of the most ____ political leaders of the Twentieth and Twenty-First Century.
A. admired B. perfect C. talent D. skilled
23. Emergency crews are ____ progress in fixing the broken levees, but they are in a desperate race to stop
the flooding.
A. making B. doing C. getting D. becoming
24. The dream of a successful Scotland is capable of ____.
A. effort B. achievement C. performance D. realization
25. If necessary, part of the responsibility is ____ by the internal security troops.
A. taken on B. taken over C. taken in D. taken up
26. She is a ____ example of what people with disabilities can achieve.
A. shining B. brightening C. glamorous D. gloomy
27. He is a captain who leads ____.
A. by instance B. by mirror C. by example D. by sample
28. Japan is often quoted as the prime ____ of a modern industrial nation.
A. example B. performer C. instructor D. pioneer
29. Some argue that the intellectual life of Bulgarians in the nineteenth century was ____ influenced by
Russian culture.
A. superficially B. mightily C. terribly D. strongly
30. Peter is an artist himself and has some of his own very interesting ____ on sale in the shop.
A. create B. creators C. creations D. creativity
31. We must continually evaluate the ____ of each change on the product as a whole.
A. performing B. possibility C. impact D. affect
32. A couple who gave their 50th blood ____ were presented with awards to mark their achievement.
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A. Knowing the extent of the problem, the government needs to take action soon.
B. The government knows the extent of the problem whereas it needs to take action soon.
C. The government knows the extent of the problem so that it needs to take action soon.
D. The government knows the extent of the problem or else it needs to take action soon.
4. He didn't notice anything. We might have been in trouble otherwise.
A. If he noticed anything, we would be in trouble.
B. If he hadn't noticed anything, we couldn't have been in trouble.
C. If he had noticed anything, we could have been in trouble.
D. If he noticed anything, we could have been in trouble.
TEST 3
Part I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A. B. C or D to indicate the word or phrase which does not contain the same
sound as the other three.
1. A. aid B. aide C. add D. ade
2. A. aisle B. all C. isle D. I'll
3. A. they're B. their C. there D. the
4. A. bus B. by C. bye D. buy
5. A. carrot B. carat C. carries D. caret
6. A. sense B. sent C. scents D. cents
7. A. does B. doze C. doughs D. dust
8. A. form B. four C. fore D. for
9. A. praise B. prays C. prize D. preys
10. A. cite B. site C. sink D. sight
Part II. VOCABULARY
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
11. Martin Luther King devoted his life to the ____ of voting right for black people.
A. effort B. realization C. achievement D. performance
12. His father used to be a ____ professor at the university. Many students worshipped him..
A. distinct B. distinctive C. distinguishing D. distinguished
13. Mark Zuckerberg's enormous success has taken a lot of hardwork and ____.
A. indifference B. dedication C. loyalty D. reputation
14. I can't believe she didn't do anything for the company. I will ____ and be in charge.
A. take over B. take on C. take up D. take in
15. During the Medieval period, people were made public ____ of being witches.
A. complaint B. criminal C. trouble D. accusation
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16. That disable boy's victory in the race set the ____ example to all students in the school.
A. finest B. first-class C. rarest D. most convenient
17. A ____ once said “It is a sweet and honourable thing to die for your country.”
A. patriotism B. patriotic C. patriot D. patrol
18. He is ____-influenced by his father and grandfather. His behaviors and decisions are exactly the same.
A. mightily B. strongly C. terribly D. weakly
19. IPhone 7 is the latest ____ in the field of smartphone design of Apple.
A. creator B. create C. creativity D. creation
20. Einstein ____ a great impact on modern physics.
A. feels B. does C. a D. has
21. It is the underserved ____ that damaged his life and his family.
A. reputable B. repute C. reputation D. disrepute
22. At the age of 50, Robby William ____ his career after spending his twenty years playing electric guitar.
A. moved B. changed C. adjusted D. stopped
23. She has a wonderful voice but unfortunately, she never gets the ____ to sing in public.
A. event B. occasion C. ability D. chance
24. Michael Hart was the ____ of Project Gutenberg, one of the longest-lasting online library projects.
A. founder B. author C. architect D. father
25. She is not a very nice girl. She seems to enjoy the ____ of others.
A. unfortune B. misfortune C. disfortune D. infortune
26. We ____ the kittens carefully and sold them for a good profit.
A. brought up B. grew up C . rose D. aroused
27. The stores will inevitably end up ____ with each other to increase their market shares.
A. contesting B. contending C. competing D. completing
28. Bill Gates has made large donations to numerous ____ organizations.
A. charitable B. charitably C. charity D. charities
29. Thanks to the help of the teacher, she is _____ encouraging progress in math.
A. doing B. making C. checking D. stopping
30. The ____ of the soil reduced the productivity of the farm.
A. fertility B. hardship C. poverty D. inadequacy
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
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31. The speaker paused. He hesitated to answer the direct question raised by the audience.
A. decided B. continued C. determined D. wavered
32. Her courage not only inspired her followers but moved her rivals as well.
A. depressed B. motivated C. overlooked D. rejected
33. The government's plans to cut taxes really stimulated the economy.
A. discouraged B. started C. weakened D. improved
34. Chauvet Jeans was a well-known nineteen century painter whose paintings are extraordinarily
sophisticated.
A. old-fashioned B. basic C. primitive D. complex
35. Some rock stars started off as rebels with strong and broad principles.
A. beliefs B. honour C. formulas D. law
36. I used to idolize David Beckham because of his dedication and talent.
A. hate B. impress C. worship D. detest
37. Linda is very outgoing, however, her brother is quite reserved.
A. open B. sociable C. easygoing D. shy
38. Ideally, I'd like to work at home but there is no way my boss agrees with that.
A. Generally B. Luckily C. Preferably D. Fortunately
39. Morgan Freeman began to land big roles and won critical and popular acclaim after years of small parts
and limited success.
A. arrive B. gain C. deliver D. Cause
40. Recognizable smaller than most of the kids in his age group, Lionel Messi was diagnosed by doctors as
suffering from a hormone deficiency that restricted his growth.
A. inadequacy B. sufficiency C. abundance D. strength
Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
41. During the Great Depression, many people suddenly found themselves jobless after a night.
A. unemployed B. redundant C. unoccupied D. supplementary
42. I was relieved by the news that they had gone home safe and sound.
A. comforted B. concerned C. relaxed D. lightened
43. She comes from an admirable and respectable family.
A. good B. respected C. unworthy D. dignified
44. They are going to have to amputate his left leg which was badly injured in the accident.
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57. She hasn't paid as much attention to her children as she ____ since she ____ working.
A. does – starts B. did - started
C. was doing - was starting D. has done - would start
58. My brother ____ at the road when he ____ into a hole.
A. wasn't looking - was falling B. didn't look - has fallen
C. wasn't looking – fell D. won't look - fall
59. Magellan ____ the first European who ____ through the strait.
A. was - was sailing B. was being - was sailing
C. had been – sailed D. was - sailed
60. The first self-sufficient village in Britain ____ the Norman's idea. They were some strange invaders who
____ to change the country in a better way.
A. was – hoped B. is - have hoped
C. have been - were hoping D. was being - had hoped
61. Who is ____ girl over there with Jimmy?
A. the B. a C. an D. Ø
62. The boss needs an assistant with ____ good knowledge of foreign trade.
A. a B. the C. any D. Ø
63. We are having ____ terrible weather which is quite strange. Usually ____ weather in UK is not this bad.
A. the – the B. a – the C. Ø - the D. the - a
64. Could you please close ____ window? I don't think it is necessary to open all the four.
A. a B. the C. some D. Ø
65. ____ Gordons is a very interesting family. They like to travel around ____ world.
A. A – the B . The - the C. A – a D. A-Ø
66. To absorb more oil from spring rolls, we can use materials like ____ newspaper to wrap them after
frying.
A. the B. any C. Ø D. a
67. After a hard-working day, I went to ____ bed and had ____ most beautiful dream ever.
A. the - the B. a – the C. a – a D. Ø - the
68. I have visited ____ Portugal but I have never been to ____ Netherlands.
A. the – the B . Ø - the C. a – the D. a - a
69. Every week, his mother goes to ____ university to visit him while my mother has never come to visit me
since I went to ____ university.
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A B C D
83. Now J. K. Rowling is a multi-millionaire, but she was not born into the fame and fortune.
A B C D
84. Last night, suddenly my mother was deciding to ban me from using the Internet so we ended up having a
A B C D
huge row.
85. It was the day like any other and Martin was doing his normal round as a safeguard.
A B C D
86. In contrast to my brother is hardworking, I am quite a lazy boy.
A B C D
87. I went into the city center today because I need to get my phone repaired.
A B C D
88. It was so short-sighted for Mai to leave school.
A B C D
89. The moment I was seeing him, I realized I had met him somewhere before.
A B C D
90. I was having a black cat three years ago but now it is no longer with me.
A B C D
Part IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 7. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
91. Have you decided who to talk about?
A. I see. I will talk to him. B. Let's talk about your study.
C. I need to talk to you now. D. Not yet. I am still considering.
92. What do you think about Steve Jobs?
A. That's right! B. I doubt it. It is not true.
C. Well, he is talented. D. I agree with you about him.
93. Good luck to you in your exam!
A. Thank you! Same to you. B. Yeah. That's the one.
C. Well, I'll see. D. Don't worry! I'll be fine.
94. What a wonderful party!
A. I am fine. Thank you! B. I don't know. Let me check.
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Nowadays, everybody knows Apples and (106) ____ everybody knows that the company was
founded by Steve Jobs, an American inventor and entrepreneur. He is (107) ____ recognized as a
pioneer in the field of microcomputer revolution. He helped design the first Macintosh computer,
(108) ____ a small computer graphics company into Pixar, the company behind Toy Story and The
Monster Inc.
His countercultural lifestyle and philosophy was a product of the time and place of his (109) ____.
Jobs was adopted and raised in San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s. In 1972, Jobs attended
Reed College from which he (110) ____ in next to no time. Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 in order
to sell Apple I personal computer. At that moment, he might (111) ____ imagine that only a year
later the company tasted impressive victory with Apple II, one of the first highly successful (112)
____ personal computers. (113) ____, in 1985, following a long power struggle, Jobs was forced out
of Apple. After leaving Apple, Jobs took (114) ____ of its members with him to found NeXT, a
computer development company which was then bought by Apple. The purchase (115) ____ Jobs to
become the company's CEO once again.
Steve Jobs died in 2011 after battling with pancreatic cancer (116) ____ nearly a decade. Millions
first learned of Job's death on a (117) ____ which had been invented by himself.
106. A. most B. almost C. the most D. mostly
107. A. widely B. hardly C. legally D. nationally
108. A. translated B. transferred C. transformed D. transited
109. A. increase B. upbringing C. rising D. grow
110. A. dropped in B. dropped up C. dropped out D. dropped by
111. A. hardly B. truly C. effortlessly D. frequently
112. A. massly-produced B. mass-produced C. massive-produced D. mass-producing
113. A. Generally B. Frankly C. Fortunately D. Unfortunately
114. A. few B. a few C. a little D. little
115. A. was allowing B. has allowed C. allowed D. had allowed
116. A. for B. since C. during D. of
117. A. devil B. deviation C. deviant D. device
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Born on June 30, 1985 in Baltimore, Maryland, to Fred and Debbie Phelps, the youngest of three
children, Michael Phelps and his sisters grew up in the neighbourhood of Rodger Forge. His father,
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Fred, a former all-rounded athlete, was a state trooper and his mother Debbie was a middle-school
principal. When Phelps's parents divorced in 1994, he and his siblings lived with their mother, with
whom Michael grew very close. Even at the age of 7, Phelps was still a little scared to put his head
under water, so his instructors allowed him to float around on his back. Not surprisingly, despite the
fact that later he is very good at butterfly swimming, the first stroke he mastered was not the easily-
practised breaststroke but the backstroke.
At the age of 15, Phelps became the youngest American male swimmer to compete at an Olympic
Games in 68 years. While he didn't win any medals at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney,
Australia, he would soon become a major force in competitive swimming.
In the spring of 2001, Phelps set the world record in the 200-meter butterfly, becoming the youngest
male swimmer in history at the age of 15 years and 9 months. At the 2001 World Championships in
Japan, he then broke his own record with a time of 1:54:58, earning his first international medal. In
2002, Phelps continued to establish several records including the 100-meter butterfly and the 200-
meter individual medley. The following year, at the same event, he broke his own world record in the
400-meter individual medley with a time of 4:09.09.
After the London Olympics in 2012, Phelps announced he was retiring from his sport. However, at
the 2016 Olympic Games, he came out of retirement and returned to professional competition. This
was also the event which he won one silver and five gold medals, becoming the oldest individual
gold medalist in Olympic swimming history, as well as the first swimmer to win four consecutive
golds in the same event, the 200-meter individual medley.
118. Phelps's father used to be a comprehensive ____.
A. principal B. trooper C. athlete D. instructor
119. The first style of swimming Phelps was good at is ____.
A. butterfly B. freestyle C. breaststroke D. backstroke
120. He didn't win any medals at the Olympics of ____
A. 2002 B. 2000 C. 2012 D. 2016
121. At the 2001 World Championships in Japan, he broke the record of ____.
A. 200-meter butterfly B. 100-meter butterfly
C. 200-meter individual D. 400-meter individual
122. The word consecutive in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. stoppable B. unending C. uninterrupted D. unrestricted
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Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Theresa May, the second female Britain's prime minister following Margaret Thatcher, revealed in
2013 that she had been given a diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes, a condition that requires daily insulin
injections. Asked later how she felt about the diagnosis, she said her approach to it was the same as
toward everything in her life: “Just get on and deal with it.” That kind of steeliness brought her to
center stage in the aftermath of Britain's vote to leave the European Union and the feuding that
erupted in the Conservative Party over who would succeed David Cameron.
Ms. May, 59 years old, is the country's longest-serving home secretary in half a century, with a
reputation for seriousness, hardwork and above all, determination. She is one of a growing number of
women in traditionally male-dominated British politics rising to the upper position of leadership.
Born in 1956, Ms. May grew up mainly in Oxfordshire, an only child who was first drawn to the
Conservative Party at age 12. As a conscientious student, she never rebelled against her religious
upbringing and remains a regular churchgoer. Tellingly, her sports hero was Geoffrey Boycott, a
solid, stubborn cricketer who specialized in playing the long game.
Like many other Britain's prime minister including Tony Blair, Sir Robert Peel and Margaret
Thatcher, she won a place at Oxford. But while almost every other political leader got there by way
of Eton College and joined Oxford's hedonistic Bullingdon Club, she attended a state secondary
school and had a more sedate university career. After unsuccessful attempts to be elected to the
House of Commons in 1992 and 1994, she finally became an MP in 1997 general election.
May is known for a love of fashion and in particular distinctive shoes. She even wore leopard-print
shoes to her final Cabinet meeting as Home Secretary in early 2016. However, she has been quite
critical of the media focusing on her fashion instead of her achievement as a politician. May also
describes cooking and walking as primary hobbies, and if someone is raising questions about why
walking can be classified as a hobby, she elaborates in a column for Balance magazine, in which she
wrote of her battle with diabetes.
123. According to the passage, who is the prime minister coming before Theresa May?
A. Tony Blair B. Margaret Thatcher C. Sir Robert Peel D. David Cameron
124. The most prominent characteristic of Theresa May is ____.
A. stubbornness B. seriousness C. determination D. hard work
125. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. British political life is conventionally controlled mainly by men.
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140. My daughter asks for money every day. I am really annoyed by it.
A. I am really annoyed by my daughter asks for money every day.
B. My daughter is asking for money every day.
C. I am really annoyed by it, my daughter asks for money every day.
D. My daughter is always asking for money every day.
141. She looked up. She saw a big tiger approaching.
A. Looking up, a big tiger approached her.
B. Looked up, she saw a big tiger approaching.
C. Looking up, she saw a big tiger approaching.
D. Look up, she saw a big tiger approaching.
142. I have presented about Oprah Winfrey. I hope the story would inspire you all.
A. I have presented about Oprah Winfrey to hope the story would inspire you all.
B. I have presented about Oprah Winfrey hoping the story would inspire you all.
C. I have presented about Oprah Winfrey hope for the story would inspire you all.
D. I have presented about Oprah Winfrey hoped the story would inspire you all.
143. Harry's life is rather dull. That's the reason why I don't want to talk about him.
A. The reason why I don't want to talk about Harry is that his life is quite dull.
B. Harry's life is rather dull because I don't want to talk about it.
C. What I don't like to talk about is Harry's dull life.
D. Reasonably, I don't want to talk about Harry's rather dull life.
144. She got so tired of waiting for him. She just got married to another man.
A. She got so tired of waiting for him that at the end she got married to another man.
B. She got so tired of waiting for him while she got married to another man.
C. She got so tired of waiting for him afterwards she got married to another man.
D. She got so tired of waiting for him as a result she got married to another man.
145. Why do you take an umbrella? It is not even raining.
A. You need not to take an umbrella because it is not even raining.
B. You must not take an umbrella because it is not even raining.
C. You need not take an umbrella because it is not even raining.
D. You cannot take an umbrella because it is not even raining.
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…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
….
Unit 2. URBANIZATION
A. VOCABULARY
- industrialization /ɪnˌdʌstriələˈzeɪʃən/ (n.): sự công nghiệp hóa
- accelerate /əkˈseləreɪt/ (v): làm gia tăng, tăng tốc
- in anticipation of something: để dành cho, để đề phòng, lường trước
- urbanization /ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ (n.): sự đô thị hóa
- pressurize /ˈpreʃəraɪz/ (v): nén, gây áp lực
- result in (v) = bring about, cause: gây ra, dẫn đến
- sanitation /ˌsænɪˈteɪʃn/ (n.): điều kiện vệ sinh
- irrigation /ˌɪrɪˈgeɪʃən (n): sự tưới tiêu
- slum /slʌm/ (n): khu nhà ổ chuột
- insufficient /ˈɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/ (adj): không đủ, thiếu
- wastewater /weɪstˌwɔ:tə/ (n): nước bẩn
- infrastructure /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃə/ (n): cơ sở hạ tầng
- facilities /fəˈsɪlɪtiz/ (n): phương thức, phương tiện
- migrate /maɪˈɡreɪt/ (v): di trú, di cư
- immigrate /ˈɪmɪgreɪt/ (v): nhập cư
- immigrant /ˈɪmɪgrənt/ (n): dân nhập cư
- management capacity /ˈmænɪdʒmənt kəˈpæsɪti/ (n): năng lực quản lý
- urbanization process /ɜ:b(ə)naɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n ˈprəʊsɛs/ (n): quá trình đô thị hóa
- deeply-rooted /ˈdi:pli- ˈru:tɪd/ (adj): ăn sâu, bám rễ
- unemployment /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ (n): sự thất nghiệp
- densely heavily polluted: ô nhiễm nặng
- thinly sparsely polluted: ô nhiễm nhẹ
- long-term /'lɒŋtɜ:m/ (adj): dài hạn
- short-term /ʃɔ:t-tɜ:m/ (adj): ngắn hạn
- foreign direct investment (FDI) /'fɒrɪn dɪ'rɛkt ɪn'vɛstmənt/ (n): đầu tư trực tiếp nước ngoài
- exacerbate /ɛks'æsə(:)beɪt (v): làm trầm trọng
- relocate /ri:ləʊ'keɪt/ (v): di chuyển tới, xây dựng lại
- inflow /'ɪnfləʊ/ (v): chảy vào
- adverse /'ædvɜ:s/ (adj): tiêu cực
- amenity /ə'mi:nəti/ (n): đầy đủ tiện nghi
- sustainable development /səs'teɪnəbl dɪ'vɛləpmənt/ (n): phát triển bền vững
- instability /ˌɪnstə'bɪlɪti/ (n): tính không ổn định, không kiên định
- housing development /dɪ'vel.əp.mənt/ (n.): sự phát triển nhà ở
- fatality or mortality rate /fə'tæl.ə.ti/; /mɔ: 'tæl.ə.ti/ (n.): tỷ lệ tử vong
Ex: During his tenure, the fatality rate rose up to 150%.
- multicultural /ˌmʌlti'kʌltʃərəl/ (adj.): đa văn hóa.
- overpopulated /ˌəʊvə'pɒpjuleɪtɪd/ (adj.): quá đông dân
- population density /'densəti/ (n.): mật độ dân số
Ex: The population density of Vietnam is quite high compared to the average.
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- Confront with something = face, come up against something: đối mặt, chạm trán với cái gì
- in hopes of V-ing: trong hi vọng làm gì
Ex: The fox tried in hopes of reaching the grapes, but it was all in vain.
- take advantage of something /əd'væn.t̬ ɪdʒ/= make use of something: tận dụng, lấy ưu thế từ cái gì
- strain /streɪn/ (n.): gánh nặng, áp lực
B. GRAMMAR REVIEW
I. CÂU GIẢ ĐỊNH (Subjunctive)
Câu giả định hay còn gọi là câu cầu khiến là loại câu mà đối tượng thứ nhất muốn đối tượng thứ hai làm một
việc gì nhưng không mang tính ép buộc như câu mệnh lệnh. Trong câu giả định, người ta dùng dạng nguyên
thể không có TO của động từ sau một số động từ chính mang tính cầu khiến. THAT phải luôn xuất hiện trong
dạng câu này.
Subject + Verb (any tense) + that + subject + (should) + verb fin simple form]
1. Những động từ và danh từ thường được theo sau bởi Subjunctive là:
advise v. advice n. command v. command n.
demand v. demand n. suggest v. suggestion n.
prefer v. preference n. recommend v. recommendation n.
require requirement n. decree v. decree n.
ask v. order v. order n.
insist v. insistence n. request v. request n.
propose v. proposal n. urge v. urgency n.
Ex: His parents insisted that he (should) find a job and settle down in a big city.
It is recommended that people (should take regular exercise.
She demanded that I should tell her the truth.
The recommendation that all people affected by the storm (should) be evacuated immediately was
approved.
2. Những tính từ thường được theo sau bởi Subjunctive là:
advisable urgent imperative essential
necessary obligatory vital fundamental
important mandatory crucial desirable
It + be (any tense) + adjective + that + subject + verb [in simple form]
Ex: It is necessary that everyone be here on time.
It is essential that pollution be controlled and eventually eliminated.
It is vital that no one else know about the secret government operation.
Lưu ý: Nếu bỏ THAT trong công thức trên thì: It be adj for somebody to Vinf.
• It is necessary that everyone be here on time.
→ It is necessary for everyone to be here on time.
• It is essential that pollution be controlled and eventually eliminated.
→ It is essential for pollution to be controlled and eventually eliminated.
• It is vital that no one else know about the secret government operation.
→ It is vital for no one else to know about the secret government operation.
3. Dùng với một số trường hợp khác
• Câu giả định còn dùng được trong một số câu cảm thán, thường bao hàm các thế lực siêu nhiên.
Ex: God save the queen! (Chúa phù hộ cho nữ hoàng.)
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7. Was it really necessary that I _______ there watching you rehearse for the play?
A. sits B. am sitting C. be sitting D. was sitting
8. I propose that we all _______ together so that nobody gets lost along the way.
A. is driving B. drive C. to drive D. are driving
9. She told me that he _______ back.
A. return B. returns C. returning D. returned
10. I think it's an interesting fact that she _______ from Japan.
A. come B. to come C. comes D. be coming
11. The chairman moved that the meeting _______ postponed.
A. be B. is C. was D. were
12. It's high time the children _______ their lesson. It's 8 p.m now.
A. prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. to prepare
13. I'd rather my teacher _______ me fewer compositions tonight.
A. gave B. give C. giving D. gives
14. They required that each member _______ twenty-five dollar.
A. to pay B. paying C. paid D. pay
15. His doctor suqqested that he _______ a rest.
A. will take B. would take C. take D. took
16. The law requires that everyone _______ his car checked at least once a month.
A. has B. have C. had D. will have
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Bài 8: Change each command into a sentence that uses the subjunctive mood.
1. "Give me a refund," David told the clerk.
David demanded ___________________.
2. "Could you help me move some boxes,"Tom asked me.
Tom requested ___________________.
3. " Can you work at the weekend?"Susan's boss asked.
Susan'sbossasked ___________________.
4. "Stop drinking so much!"Tim's wife told him.
Tim's mother demanded ___________________.
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PART 2: PRACTICE
A. PHONETICS
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. prestige B. connect C. harvest D. congestion
2. A. housing B. crisis C. cost D. custom
3. A. navigate B. necessitate C. inadequate D. debate
4. A. muzzle B. lizard C. pizza D. puzzle
5. A. bargain B. campaign C. ascertain D. complain
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. decrease B. facilitate C. fluctuate D. ensure
2. A. propose B. summarize C. centralize D. illustrate
3. A. transformation B. urbanization C. revolution D. population
4. A. agricultural B. unemployed C. sustainable D. economic
5. A. miserable B. infrastructure C. amenity D. necessary
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Choose the correct words in the box to complete the sentences.
metropolis relatively ticking density ranking
slums productivity urbanization
1. The _________________________ of population is quite high in urban areas.
2. Rich countries, despite having solved all their basic needs, experience a similar accumulation of social
pressure as if it was a _______________________ time bomb.
3. If Nigeria's population continues to grow and people move to cities at the same rate as now, Lagos could
become the world's largest _______________________, home to 85 or 100 million people.
4. Nearly half of the world's 3.9 billion urban dwellers reside in _______________________
small settlements with fewer than 500,000 inhabitants.
5. With nearly 38 million people, Tokyo tops UN's _____________________ of most populous
cities followed by Delhi, Shanghai, Mexico City, São Paulo and Mumbai.
6. _______________________ are urban areas that are heavily populated with substandard housing and very
poor living conditions.
II. Give the correct form of the words in the following sentences.
1. Since the renovation policy launched in 1986, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, has experienced the fastest
_______________________ process. URBAN
2. There has been a rapid _____________________________ of rural people to urban areas for jobs and
better
living. MIGRATE
3. Urbanization promotes foreign direct ____________________ which in turn helps in improving the
foreign exchange reserves of the country. INVEST
4. The support policies for social housing development in Vietnam remained ____________________ as
only a few people were lucky enough to be able to get access to preferential loans. EFFECT
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19. There is a heavy ____ on private transport that has led to the congestion of roads and increasing
commuting time and pollution
A. base B. independence C. reliance D. lean
20. It is impolite that you ____ there when he gets off the plane.
A. be not standing B. been not standing C. not be standing D. not been standing
21. They hope to ____ a cure for the disease.
A. catch up on B. come up with C. fill up with D. go out with
22. Although it was more than an hour late, the superstar finally showed up and ____ the attention of the
audience,
A. grabbed B. held C. paid D. took
23. Don't worry. We're in good time; there's ____ to hurry.
A. impossible B. no need C. no purpose D. unnecessary
24. Overpopulation in urban areas tends to create unfavorable conditions, which may result in ____ of food
in developing countries,
A. damages B. failures C. shortage D. supplies
25. Urbanization can bring social health and benefit; ____, it also has its drawback.
A. by the way B. furthermore C. however D. moreover
V. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. Urbanization brings with it several consequences - both adverse and beneficial.
A. negative B. favorable C. advantageous D. preferential
2. The quality of urban water bodies is increasingly exacerbated by a huge volume of untreated industrial
and domestic wastewater.
A. added B. decreased C. reduced D. aggravated
3. A city that grows too quickly can also experience an array of environmental issues.
A. variety B. proportion C. rate D. pace
4. Low-income dwellers are generally living in older areas of modern cities, which are well known for poor
sanitation, lack of health facilities and basic amenities.
A. aid B. facilities C. resource D. place
5. India is facing a house shortage in urban areas at the moment and more housing would be required in
order to meet future demand.
A. encounter B. introduce C. fulfill D. stumble
6. A smart sustainable city will meet the needs of present and future generations with respect to economic,
social and environmental aspects.
A. in addition to B. according to C. with regard to D. with a view to
7. As cities grew more crowded, and often more impoverished and costly, more and more people began to
migrate back out of them.
A. well-off B. rich C. penniless D. fertile
8. Urbanization spurs a unique set of issues to both humans and animals.
A. stimulates B. prevents C. varies D. descends
9. Automobile exhaust produces elevated lead levels in urban air.
A. humble B. lowly C. diminished D. uplifted
10. Urban development can magnify the risk of environmental hazards such as flash flooding.
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is used can be recycled. Whether it will truly accomplish its goal remains to be seen, but it will also act as an
experiment for (6) _____________________ -friendly areas to be tested.
II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES: A CLEANER FUTURE
For the past few decades, there has been an urbanization trend around the world, where more and
more people are moving to cities. Since 2009, the UN Habitat (1) ____ that over 3 million people are moving
into cities every week. Urban areas have been an attractive destination for migrants in (2) ____ of finding a
better job and a higher (3) ____ living.
While migrants contribute (4) ____ to the economies of cities, ever-increasing populations raise
issues of congestion, (5) ____ of resources, and increased (6) ____ on waste management infrastructure,
healthcare, and education. By 2050, it is estimated that 70% of the world's population will live in cities
which makes the concept of Sustainable Cities an efficient (7) ____ the growing population.
(8) ____, Sustainable Cities have an essential role in the urbanization trend to improve residents lives
by (9) ____ environmental initiatives and projects such as limiting CO2 gas emissions in the air, using
renewable energy sources, or bringing awareness to environmental issues. With outdoor pollution killing
over 3 million lives yearly, (10) ____ in cities, it is evident that urbanization can increase the environmental
(11) ____ upon cities. Many cities around the world have redesigned their city planning strategies and
commenced initiatives (12) ____ these issues directly.
1. A. estimates B. expects C. claims D. counts
2. A. anticipation B. hopes C. view D. possession
3. A. reason for B. tax of C. standard of D. cost of
4. A. virtually B. practically C. immensely D. annually
5. A. distribution B. collection C. reputation D. solution
6. A garbage B. pressure C. demand D. dependence
7. A. reaction to B. resolution to C. answer to D. approach to
8. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. As regards D. However
9. A. focusing on B. depending on C. developing on D. putting on
10. A. the most B. almost C. equally D. mostly
11. A. affect B. cause C. effect D. drawback
12. A. to accept B. to assault C. to improve D. to target
III. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
burdens than proportion for enjoy
grounds stagnant likely with prospects
AN UNCERTAIN URBAN FUTURE
Most publications discussing urban change predict that the world will continue to urbanise far into
the future. Such projections should be viewed (1) _________________ caution. A steady increase in
urbanisation among low income nations is (2) _________________ to occur only if they also have steadily
growing economies. While we should hope that lower income nations achieve more buoyant economies, the
current (3) _________________ for most of them are hardly encouraging, with political instability, civil war,
and large debt (4) _________________.
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There are also (5) __________________ for doubting whether a large (6) _________________ of the
world's population will ever live in very large cities. In (7) _________________ economies, urbanisation
levels do not increase much. In successful economies much new investment is going to small or medium
sized cities. In regions with advanced transport and communications systems, rural inhabitants and
enterprises can (8) _________________ standards of infrastructure and services and access to information
that historically have been available only in urban areas. Thus, both low and high income nations may have
smaller (9) _________________ expected increases in the populations of their cities, although (10)
___________________ very different reasons.
IV. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
LIVING ROOFTOPS
Creative urban planners continually seek new ways to make cities more satisfying places to live. One
versatile tool in this pursuit is the "green roof" which draw from fundamental precepts in architectural
design, horticulture, and urban development. At its most basis, a green roof system transforms a
conventional roof into a living roof by adding a waterproof membrane. The membrane is then covered with
drainage and filter layers, a growth medium (e.g. soil) and live plant. A green roof can be built on a flat or
graded surface, can be thick or thin, and can feature flowering plants. Familiar rooftop garden have plants in
pots or planters. A green roof goes further. It is an integral part of a building and one that offers ecological
and economic benefits, as well as aesthetic appeal.
Roofs covered in living plants were used in ancient Mesopotamia for aesthetic purposes (the famed
Hanging Garden of Babilon), in Viking settlements, and on the American Great Plains for basic shelter and
insulation (sod houses). The green roof as we know it, however, is a relatively recent creation. The first
modern green roof was developed in Germany during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Their man function
was to slow water drainage that was straining storm-sewer systems in urban areas where natural vegetation
was scare. The idea subsequently spread through Europe and made a few inroads into some American cities.
A wide range of environment benefits can result from the adoption of green roof. Preliminary
research suggests that living roofs help clean polluted urban air. For example, grass acts as a natural air
filter, removing each day 0.2 kilograms of airborne particulates from the air per square meter of grass-
covered surface. By converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into oxygen through photosynthesis, plants also help
limit the build-up of year to meet the annual oxygen requirement of an average human being.
Rooftop green space in cities also helps mitigate what scientists call the urban heat island effect.
Structure surfaced with conventional building material-paved roads and black rooftops, fox example- absorb-
solar radiation and release it into the near surface environment in the form of heat. The effect is to raise the
air temperature in a big city by up to 5°C over the temperature in the surrounding countryside. Using
mathematical models, a Canadian research team found that if only 5 percent of the roof area of Toronto had
green roofs, air temperature would be reduced by 1°C to 2°C Celsius.
Green roofs save money through energy and resource conservation. Studies done in Germany, where
an estimated 10 percent of all roofs today are green, suggest that green roofs last two or three times longer
than conventional roofs. The long service life of a green roof means that fewer resources and less energy will
be expended in roof replacement.
Green roofs also save money by lowering the cost of interior heating and cooling One study found
that an average building with a green roof requires 25 percent less cooling in commercial facility in Germany
with a green roof save enough money in three years through lower heating and cooling costs, since
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additional cooling tower had become unnecessary. As energy costs increase, the tenants of buildings with
green roofs will undoubtedly reap additional savings.
A city's livability is as much about the attractiveness of one's surroundings as it is about living costs.
The aesthetic benefits of green roofs should not be discounted. Green roofs designed to be parks or gardens
can help address a lack of green space in many urban areas. Some are even used for the small-scale, largely
recreational production of edible vegetables. All this vegetation naturally attracts songbirds, ducks and other
waterfowl, butterflies, and bats. Especially for those whose windows look out over a city's roofs cape-
apartment dwellers, office workers, even patients in high-rise hospitals a green roof can provide a priceless
connection with nature and the cycle of seasons. On the whole, living roofs add plants into urban landscapes,
making cities more environmentally sound and less stressful, and they do so in a cost-effective manner.
1. According to paragraph 1, green roofs.
A. are very heavy B. thrive mostly in warm climates
C. are composed of several layers of material D. can provide most food a city needs
2. The word "one" in the passage refers to ____.
A. a pot or planter B. apart of a building
C. an environmental benefit D. a green roof
3. According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true about modern green roofs EXCEPT ____.
A. they were initially developed in Germany B. they were designed to slow water drainage
C. they were used in Viking settlements D. they are found in a few American cities
4. The word "filter" in the passage is closet in meaning to ____.
A. producer B. container C. cooler D. cleaner
5. According to paragraph 3, carbon dioxide is ____.
A. an airborne particulate B. an environmental benefit
C. something a green roof can help control D. something a green roof can help make
6. The word "mitigate" in the passage is closet in meaning to _____.
A intensify B. cause C. prevent D. weaken
7. According to paragraph 4, temperatures in urban areas tend to be higher than in the surrounding
countryside because ____.
A. cities are more crowded B. vehicles moving on paved roads create heat
C. green roof in rural areas absorb heat D. commonly used building materials retain heat
8. What can be inferred from paragraph 5 about conventional roofs?
A. Replacing one is costly
B. They are one type of living roof.
C. Resources needed to build them are now scare.
D. They have a service life of less than ten years.
9. The word "expended" in the passage is closet meaning to ____.
A. made large B. used up C. asked for D. found out
10. In paragraph 6, why does the author mention the case of the commercial facility?
A. To illustrate the high cost of buying a green roof
B. To show that businesses have expenses homeowners don't have
C. To give one case in which green roofs produce energy
D. To support the claim that green roofs can reduce costs
D.WRITING
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I. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given
sentence.
1. In the end, I felt I had been right about leaving him, we were just not suitable for each other.
I had no regrets
_______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
___
2. "Get the hell out of my house now or I'll call the police!" said the angry widow to the bold intruder.
The angry widow threatened
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
___
3. I only missed him when he left me for that girl.
Not until
____________________________________________________________________________
4. I had just taken off my dirty clothes to go to bath when someone knocked at the door.
No sooner
___________________________________________________________________________
II. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given
sentence.
1. Although she was not very good-looking, the prince loved her at the very first sight.
Despite
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. "Hey, what's that book you're addicted to these days?" Jane asked Jim.
Jane asked Jim
_______________________________________________________________________
3. You'd better start revising from now on or you won't pass the exam.
It's high
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. It was absolutely wrong of you to leave me stranded in that crowded room full of strangers like that.
You should
__________________________________________________________________________
PART 3: TEST YOURSELF
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. established B. steadily C. sanitation D. fluctuate
2. A. lasting B. populated C. scale D. migrate
3. A. infrastructure B. capture C. mature D. nature
4. A. slum B. result C. urbanization D. plumber
5. A. illustrate B. identify C. inaccurate D. agricultural
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. conservative B. progressive C. down-market D. multicultural
2. A. habitual B. obvious C. dramatic D. efficient
3. A. resource B. mindset C. kidnapping D. prospect
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4. Until 1986 most companies would not even allow women to take the exams, but such gender
discrimination is now disappearing.
A. unfairness B. injustice C. partiality D. equality
5. Without economic security and amid poor living conditions, crime is inevitable.
A. assured B. compulsory C. inescapable D. preventable
VI. Indicate the correct answer to complete each of the following questions.
1. ____ improve the urban transport situation in India, new metro rail networks have been developed.
A. In an effort to B. In addition to C. In terms of D. With the aim to
2. The governments find themselves ____ in attempting to boost the economies and simultaneously reach the
sustainable development.
A. in danger B. on the tip of their tongues
C. on the horns of a dilemma D. on the nerves
3. Urban areas have been an attractive destination for migrants ____ finding a better job and a higher
standard of living.
A. in hopes of B. in view of C. on grounds of D. with the aim for
4. The foreign investors want to take full ____ of the available facilities that our country offers them.
A. use B. measures C. actions D. advantage
5. Strains ____ important natural resources, such as water supply, lead to higher prices and general
environmental sustainability problems.
A. in B. on C. with D. through
6. The project was very successful and we would like to thank everyone ____.
A. concerned B. involving C. specific D. particular
7. It is difficult to quantify the ____ that household waste has on the environment.
A. affect B. effort C. impact D. implication
8. Rapid urbanization has ____ the management capacity of governments in developing countries.
A. gone further B. diminished C. got over D. passed through
9. The quality of urban water bodies is increasingly worsened by a huge ____ of untreated industrial and
domestic wastewater.
A. quantity B. plenty C. number D. volume
10. He asked reporters to provide him with ____ numbers on urban percentages.
A. dated B. up-to-minute C. out-of-date D. up-to-date
11. There has been a rapid migration of ____ people to urban areas for jobs and better living.
A. out-skirts B. country C. rural D. suburb
12. Since the renovation policy launched in 1986, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, ____ the fastest urbanization
process.
A. has experienced B. experience C. is experiencing D. has been experienced
13. Slums are urban areas that are ____ populated with substandard housing and very poor living conditions.
A. steadily B. heavily C. strongly D. generally
14. Drastic measures to boost housing development ____ to prevent properly market from becoming a boom.
A. should initiate B. have initiated C. should be initiated D. initiating
15. Although the UK is an urban society, more and more people are choosing to ____ to the countryside.
A. relocate B. illocate C. unlocate D. mislocate
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16. A smart sustainable city will meet the needs of present and future generations with respect to ____,
social and environmental aspects.
A. economy B. economic C. economize D. economizing
17. There are several factors at play that have led to the urbanization in India ____ population growth and
migration as one of the 2 major factors.
A. led to B. came to C. went to D. stop
18. Anna organized a few games to ____ the ice when the new students first arrived.
A. break B. crack C. drill D. melt
19. It is difficult to quantify the ____ that household waste has on the environment.
A. affect B. effort C. impact D. implication
20. During the lesson if you have questions or comments, please feel free to ____ them.
A. enlarge B. increase C. go up D. raise
21. The level of urban unemployment and numbers of ____ are high.
A. joblessness B. the jobless C. the joblessness D. the jobs
22. It is necessary that you ____ able to come with us.
A. are B. be C. being D. to be
23. Mary demanded that the heater ____ immediately. Her apartment was freezing.
A. repaired B. be repaired C. being repaired D. been repaired
24. The recommendation that she ____ a holiday was carried out.
A. has taken B. take C. taken D. taking
VII. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that needs correction.
1. Urbanization is relevant to a range of disciplines, including urban planning geography, sociology,
economize and public health.
A. disciplines B. geography C. economize D. public health
2. Urbanization can be seen as a specific condition at a set time or as an increasing in that condition over
time.
A. specific B. as C. increasing in D. condition
3. Many people move into cities for the economic opportunities, but this does not fully explain the very high
recent urbanization rates in places as China and India.
A. move into B. opportunities C. very high D. as
4. Farm living has always been susceptible to unpredictable environment conditions, and in times of drought,
flood or pestilence, survival may become extremely problematic.
A. susceptible B. environment C. pestilence D. problematic
5. City life, especially in modern urban slums of the developing world, is certain hardly immune to
pestilence or climatic disturbances such as floods, yet continues to strongly attract migrants.
A. slums of B. certain C. climatic disturbances D. yet
VIII. Choose the word or phrase from the box that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
catch up with drastically factor to come made
expansion grab put up Because of to
URBANIZATION IN INDIA
Population and economic growth has fostered urbanization in the country and the number of urban
towns and cities have (1) ___________________ increased. This growth is expected to continue in the years
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(2) ____________________ and India has to step up its game in order to (3) ___________________ this
kind of change. Investments have to be (4) ___________________ in order to better serve the country.
There are several factors at play that have led to the urbanization in India - population growth and
migration as one of the 2 major factors. Recently, a third (5) ______________________ has been seen as a
huge contributor (6) ___________________ the urbanization growth: the (7) ___________________ of
towns and cities. This factor is due to the high economic growth that the city has witnessed over the years.
(8) _____________________ this, the government in India has decided to (9) ___________________ the
opportunity: projects to further thrust the country into urbanization, a number of smart cities to be (10)
___________________ in various locations, and other initiatives.
IX. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
AN URBANISING WORLD
More than two thirds of the world's urban population is now in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Since
1950, the urban population of these regions has grown more than (1) ____. Rapid urban growth has also
brought a huge (2) ____ the number of large cities, including many that have (3) ____ sizes that are
historically (4) ____. Just two centuries ago, there were only two "million cities" worldwide (that is, cities
with one million or more inhabitants) - London and Beijing (Peking). By 1950, there were 80; today there
are over 300. Most of these million cities are in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, and (5) ____ have
populations that have grown more than tenfold since 1950. Brasilia, the federal capital of Brazil, did not
exist in 1950 and now has more than 2 million inhabitants.
"Mega-cities," with ten or more million inhabitants are a new (6) ____. The first city to reach this
size was New York in around 1940. There were 12 mega-cities by 1990 (the latest year for which there are
(7) ____ accurate statistics as data for 2000 (8) ____ are not available or censuses are scheduled for 2001);
seven were in Asia, three in Latin America, and two in the United States. In 1800, the average size of the
world's 100 largest cities was fewer than 200 000 inhabitants but now it is over 5 million. These (9) ____
give the impression of rapid urbanization that is primarily (10) ____ on large cities. But this is not the case.
1. A. fivefold B. five time C. twices D. doubles
2. A. decrease in B. increase in C. peaking in D. fluctuation in
3. A. reached B. lengthened C. prolonged D. approached
4. A. unsurpassed B. unrivaled C. unmatched D. unprecedented
5. A. the number of B. many C. quite a little D. a great deal of
6. A. event B. ceremony C. phenomenon D. reaction
7. A. roughly B. generally C. reasonably D. relatively
8. A. censuses B. conveys C. investigations D. probation
9. A. documents B. circumstances C. opinions D. statistics
10. A. based B. impacted C. focused D. depend
X. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too resources and too little
space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of
resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a
certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much
food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple
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farming, gardening, herding, hunting and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers
of people because these labor-intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.
In developed countries such as the United States, Japan and the countries of Western Europe,
overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large
quantities of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale
irrigation and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high
densities of people in metropolitan areas.
A country's level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural
productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world's highest population densities, with 1,147
persons per sq. km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low-productivity manual
farming, which contributes to the country's extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in
Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These
countries practice mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have
high standards of living.
At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of
less than 30 persons per sq. km. Many people in these countries practice manual subsistence farming; these
countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As
a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United States has both relatively low population density and
high agricultural productivity, it is one of the world's wealthiest nations.
High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to
many poor families because they provide labor, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural
societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries
often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep
their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries tend to have high
rates of population growth.
1. Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1?
A. Poverty B. Simple farming C. Overpopulation D. Population density
2. What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities?
A. Farming methods B. Skilled labor C. Land area D. Available resources
3. The phrase "that number" in paragraph 1 refers to the number of ____.
A. densities B. countries C. people D. resources
4. In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food because ____.
A. there is an abundance of resources B. there is no shortage of skilled labor
C. there is lack of mechanization D. there are small numbers of laborers
5. Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on ____.
A. population density in metropolitan areas
B. its population density only
C. its high agricultural productivity
D. both population density and agricultural productivity
6. The phrase "engage in" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. look into B. give up C. escape from D. participate in
7. The word "infertile" in paragraph 4 probably means ____.
A. impossible B. unproductive C. inaccessible D. disused
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Test 3
Part I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
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40. What problems could it cause and how citizens should prevent these challenges will be covered in my
A B C D
essay.
41. Overpopulation is an undesirable condition where the number of existing human population exceeding
the
A B C
carrying capacity of Earth.
D
42. The loan is interest-free, which means that you will only pay the fee listing on our website, with no extra
A B C
payment in the form of interest.
D
43. Food prices have raised so rapidly in the past few months that some families have been forced to alter
their
A B C D
eating habits.
44. Because of severe asthma attacks, the doctor suggested his patient to stop smoking.
A B C D
45. Improving the status of women through increasing access to reproductive health care affecting migration
A B C D
and urbanization trends.
46. Poor air and water quality, insufficient water available, and high energy consumption are exacerbated by
A B C
demands of urban environments.
D
47. Starting with, the foremost problem engendered by overpopulation is traffic congestion.
A B C D
48. Between the time of the plague and the 21st century, there were hundreds and thousands of wars, natural
A B C
calamities and hazards man-made.
D
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49. It is argued that high costs of living and rising transport difficulties being two of the most serious
problems
A B C
brought about by overpopulation in cities.
D
50. Overpopulation and negative effect of it has been major concerns in cities all around the globe.
A B C D
Part III. GRAMMAR
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
51. It is necessary that you ____ able to come with us.
A. are B. be C. being D. to be
52. I suggest that Peter ____ the directions carefully before assembling the bicycle.
A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read
53. We request that she ____ the window.
A. not open B. not to open C. not opening D. to not open
54. The UK is considering the proposal that it ____ compensations for damages of the Indian embassy.
A. been paying B. is paying C. paid D. pay
55. Howard prefers that I ____ to his party.
A. am going B. go C. going D. will go
56. Mary demanded that the heater____ immediately. Her apartment was freezing.
A. repaired B. be repaired C. being repaired D. been repaired
57. The monk insisted that the tourists ____ the temple until they had removed their shoes.
A. not enter B. not entering C. not to enter D. to not enter
58. The recommendation that she ____ a holiday was carried out.
A. has taken B. take C. taken D. taking
59. Was it really necessary that I ____ there watching you the entire time you were rehearsing for the play?
It was really boring watching you repeat the scenes over and over again.
A. am sitting B. be sitting C. being sitting D. sitting
60. I propose that we all ____ together so that nobody gets lost along the way.
A. be driving B. drive C. driven D. driving
61. It is impolite that you ____ there when he gets off the plane.
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75. We could mention some solution and government ____ in the conclusion.
A. initiates B. initiatives C. initiations D. initiators
76. Women who ____ due to marriage are not considered to be ____.
A. migrate – migrants B. migrate – migrators
C. migrant – migrators D. migrant - migrations
77. Each child had to ____ a short speech to the rest of the class.
A. do B. carry out C . make D. take
78. Although it was more than an hour late, the superstar finally showed up and ____ the attention of the
audience.
A. grabbed B. held C. paid D. took
79. Has the interviewer ____ the date? Yes, it's on next Monday.
A. amend B. fixed C. moved D. revised
80. Don't worry. We're in good time; there's ____ to hurry.
A. impossible B. no need C. no purpose D. unnecessary
81. Overpopulation in urban areas tends to create unfavourable conditions, which may result in ____ of food
in developing countries.
A. damages B. failures C. shortages D. supplies
82. He wasn't able to ____ with the stresses and strains of the job.
A. catch up B. come down C. cope D. handle
83. Urbanization can bring social health and benefit; ____, it also has its drawbacks.
A. by the way B . furthermore C. however D. moreover
84. During the lesson, if you have questions or comments, please feel free to ____ them.
A. enlarge B. increase C. go up D. raise
85. We have to come to the conclusion. We are ____ out of time.
A. driving B. going C. running D. walking
86. Thanks to the development in technology, students have ____ to good resources.
A. been accessed B. access C. accessing D. assessed
87. The rate of urbanization is low ____ the rate of urban growth is high.
A. but B. however C. so D. therefore
88. The level of urban unemployment and numbers of ____ are high.
A. joblessness B. the jobless C. the joblessness D. the jobs
89. A high increase in crime rates is ____ by the majority of the people in urban cities.
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Jenny: “ ____ “
A. Congratulations! B. Sounds great! C. Well done! D. What a pity!
98. Anna: “So do you think we should add some pictures and videos?”
Jenny: “____”
A. None. B. Not much. C. Please do. D. Sure.
99. Mark: “Let's collect information and then create the PowerPoint slides.”
Jenny: "Oh, ____?
A. good idea. B. I don't. C. I need it. D. why is that?
100-105: Mark is talking to his classmate Alex after their performance at the first round of the English
presentation competition.
100. Mark: “We've passed the first round."
Alex: “____”
A. Congratulations! B. Do you? C. It's nice of you to say so. D. That's a good idea.
101. Alex: "You've got a brilliant performance today!”
Mark: “ ____”
A. I do. B. Okay. C. Thank you. D. You, too.
102. Alex: "We've tried hard but we couldn't make it!”
Mark: “Oh. ____”
A. I'm sorry. B. What a pity! C. Thank you. D. You are welcome.
103. Alex: “____”
Mark: “Oh, it's great!”
A. How is the English presentation competition like?
B. What do you like about the English presentation competition?
C. What do you think of the English presentation competition?
D. Would you like the English presentation competition?
104. Mark: "In the next round, we are going to present about the pros and cons of urbanization."
Alex: “____”
A. Good chance. B. Good day. C. Good luck. D. Good time.
105. Alex: "It was nice meeting you. Have a nice weekend”.
Mark: "Thanks. ____”
A. I hope so, too. B. The same to you. C. Wish the same to me. D. Wish you be the same.
Part V. READING
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Exercise 8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Rapid urbanization can (106) ____ long-term economic, social and environmental promise for
developing countries (107) ____ investments made now in infrastructure, housing and public services
are efficient and sustainable, the World Bank says in a new report.
In the next two decades, cities are (108) ____ to expand by another two billion residents, as people
move in unprecedented (109) ____ from rural areas to pursue hopes and aspirations in cities. More
than 90 (110) ____ of this urban population growth is expected to occur in the developing world,
(111) ____ many cities are already struggling to provide basic (112) ____ such as water, electricity,
transport, health services and education.
Report authors note that (113) ____ new urban growth will not take (114) ____ in the “megacities” of
the world e.g. Rio de Janeiro, Jakarta or New Delhi (115) ____ rather in less commonly recognized
“secondary” cities - places like Fushun in China, and Surat in India.
To help policymakers prepare for and manage growth, the report distills lessons (116) ____ from 12
countries across all geographic regions and stages of urbanization. It then translates these global
lessons (117) ____ practical policy advice.
106. A. bring B. carry C. hold D. take
107. A. if B. unless C. whether D. while
108. A. predictable B. predicted C. predicting D. predictions
109. A. amounts B. numbers C. ranges D. sums
110. A. per cent B. percentage C. proportion D. rate
111. A. what B. where C. which D. why
112. A. demands B. needs C. orders D. uses
113. A. almost B. most C. mostly D. nearly
114. A. form B. hand C. place D. time
115. A. but B. nor C. or D. yet
116. A. are learned B. being learned C. learned D. learning
117. A. by B. into C. up to D. up with
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
The increase in urbanization causes different problems. Air and water pollution are amongst the
major issue we have to tackle.
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In the first place, cars, factories and burning waste emit dangerous gases that change the air quality in
our cities and pose threats to our health. Dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides
cause respiratory diseases, for instant, bronchitis and asthma. Those are also proved to have long-
term effects on the environment.
Furthermore, with the increased population, it becomes difficult to manage the waste generated in
cities. Most of the waste is discharged or dumped into rivers or onto streets. The waste pollutes water
and makes it unfit for human consumption. Subsequently, it becomes more and more difficult for city
dwellers to get clean water. Some cities in Africa are unable to provide adequate water supply
because most of the water is lost in pipe leakages. In fact, most city dwellers in developing countries
are forced to boil their water or to buy bottled water, which is very expensive.
There are several actions that could be taken to eradicate the problems described above. Firstly, a
simple solution would be joining community efforts to address problems affecting your city. Ask
your parents, friends and relatives to join in as well. These efforts might include clean-up campaigns,
recycling projects and a signature campaign to ask the government to do something about the
situation. A second measure would be encouraging your teacher to talk about these problems and to
discuss how young people can help to solve them. Finally, writing to local organizations working on
these issues for ideas on how you can contribute to solve them.
118. The word tackle in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. deal with B. make up C. try on D. turn down
119. The word those in paragraph 2 refers to ____.
A. bronchitis and asthma B. carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides
C. dangerous gases D. respiratory diseases
120. According to the passage, in some cities in Africa ____.
A. people are allowed to dump waste into rivers and on streets
B. people aren't provided enough water due to leaking pipes
C. people have found some solutions to the problems
D. people would rather use boiling water and bottled water
121. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. City problems should be taught and be topic for students to discuss at school.
B. Children must ask for their parent's permission before joining community efforts.
C. Participators might take part in different kinds of projects and campaigns.
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D. People can contribute in solving the problems by writing to local organizations working on these
issues.
122. Which of the following would serve as the best title for the passage?
A. Environment degradation: Air and water pollution
B. Environmental pollution: Problems and actions
C. Increasing urbanization: Causes and effects
D. Increasing urbanization: Effects and solutions
Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Buying a house is the single largest financial investment an individual makes. Yet, in India this act is
fraught with risk and individuals depend on weak laws for justice. Occasionally, deviant promoters
are called to account as was the case in the detention of Unitech's promoters. This incident shows up
the fallout of an absence of proper regulation to cover contracts between buyers and real estate
promoters. A real estate bill, which is presently pending in Rajya Sabha, seeks to fill this gap. It has
been debated for over two years and should be passed by Parliament in the budget session.
India is in the midst of rapid urbanization and urban population is expected to more than double to
about 900 million over the next three decades. Unfortunately, even the current population does not
have adequate housing. A government estimate in 2012 put the shortage at nearly 19 million units. If
this shortage is to be alleviated quickly, India's messy real estate sector needs reforms.
The real estate bill seeks to set standards for contracts between buyers and sellers. Transparency, a
rare commodity in real estate, is enforced as promoters have to upload project details on the
regulators' website. Importantly, standard definitions of terms mean that buyers will not feel cheated
after taking possession of a house. In order to protect buyers who pay upfront, a part of the money
collected for a real estate project is ring-fenced in a separate bank account. Also, given the
uncertainty, which exists in India on land titles, the real estate bill provides title insurance. This bill
has been scrutinized by two parliamentary committees and its passage now brooks no delay.
This bill is an important step in cleaning up the real estate market, but the journey should not end
with it. State governments play a significant role in real estate and they are often the source of
problems. Some estimates suggest that real estate developers have to seek approvals of as many as 40
central and state departments, which lead to delays and an escalation in the cost of houses. Sensibly,
NDA government's project to provide universal urban housing forces states to institute reforms to
access central funding. Without real estate reforms at the level of states, it will not be possible to
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meet the ambition of making housing accessible for all urban dwellers.
123. It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A. buying house is not a single largest individual investment
B. in India, no one depends on laws for justice
C. the real estate bill does not provide title insurance
D. urbanization in India has increased rapidly
124. According to the passage, which of the following is the pending in Rajya Sabha?
A. NDA government's new scheme B. Universal rural housing programme
C. Real estate bill D. Universal urban housing programme
125. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Current population does not have adequate housing in India.
B. India's real estate sector needs reforms.
C. Real state bill has been scrutinized by two parliamentary committees.
D. Urban population is expected to more than double to about 850 million over the next three
decades.
126. According to the passage, what is the source of problem in real estate?
A. Buyers and sellers B. Central governments
C. Market money makers D. State governments
127. The word alleviated in the second paragraph is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____.
A. aggravated B. deaden C. diminished D. relieved
128. The word possession in the third paragraph refers to ____.
A. lease B. need C. proprietary rights D. renting
129. The word escalation in the forth paragraph refers to ____.
A. decrease B. growth C. reduction D. sustainability
130. It is impossible to meet the ambition of making housing accessible for urban dwellers ____.
A. with real estate reforms at state level
B. without support of central government
C. without passing the bill in Rajya Sabha
D. without real estate reforms at the level of states
Part VI. WRITING
Exercise 11. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
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131. There was an upward trend in the demand for labor force.
A. The demand for labor force declined.
B. The demand for labor force increased.
C. The demand for labor force reduced.
D. The demand for labor force remained stable.
132. The industrial production plummeted spectacularly from 1990 to 2000.
A. The industrial production fell quickly in ten years from 1990 to 2000.
B. The industrial production fell steadily in ten years from 1990 to 2000.
C. The industrial production rose sharply in ten years from 1990 to 2000.
D. The industrial production rose slightly in ten years from 1990 to 2000.
133. There was a 5% drop in the student enrollment of the university.
A. The student enrollment of the university dropped by 5%.
B. The student enrollment of the university dropped for 5%.
C. The student enrollment of the university dropped in 5%.
D. The student enrollment of the university dropped to 5%.
134. There was a 30% rise in the rate of unemployment.
A. There was a rise by 30% in the rate of unemployment.
B. There was a rise of 30% in the rate of unemployment.
C. There was a rise to 30% in the rate of unemployment.
D. There was a rise up 30% in the rate of unemployment.
135. Rapid ups and downs in the number of students could be observed in June.
A. The number of students changed dramatically in June.
B. The number of students did not stay the same in June.
C. The number of students fluctuated wildly in June.
D. The number of students went up and then fell in June.
136. There was moderate fluctuation in the availability of seasonal produce.
A. The availability of seasonal produce experienced a stable period.
B. The availability of seasonal produce is recorded leveling off.
C. The availability of seasonal produce hardly moved up and down.
D. The availability of seasonal produce went through a period of erratic.
137. The rural population grew slowly from 1950 to 1990 and reached its peak in 1992.
A. The rural population experienced an upward trend from 1950 to 1992.
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B. The rural population hit its highest level in 1992 after a slight increase in 40 years.
C. The rural population leveled off in 1992 after growing slowly for 40 years.
D. The rural population reached its lowest level in 1992 after growing slowly for 40 years.
138. The number of unemployed people doubled between 2005 and 2009.
A. Twice as many people were unemployed in 2005 compared to 2009.
B. Twice as many people were unemployed in 2009 than in 2005.
C. There were twice as many unemployed people in 2005 compared to 2009.
D. There were twice as many unemployed people in 2009 as in 2005.
Exercise 12. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions.
139. The share price fluctuated. The trend was slightly upward.
A. The share price fluctuated; as the upward trend.
B. The share price fluctuated; consequently, the trend was slightly upward.
C. The share price fluctuated; due to the upward trend.
D. The share price fluctuated; however, the trend was slightly upward.
140. Asia is home to 50 per cent of the world's urban population. At the same time, Europe is home to 14 per
cent of the world's urban population.
A. Asia is home to 50 per cent of the world's urban population although Europe is home to 14 per
cent of the world's urban population.
B. Asia is home to 50 per cent of the world's urban population due to Europe is home to 14 per cent
of the world's urban population.
C. Asia is home to 50 per cent of the world's urban population, nevertheless, Europe is home to 14
per cent of the world's urban population.
D. Asia is home to 50 per cent of the world's urban population whereas Europe is home to 14 per cent
of the world's urban population.
141. Increasing urbanization has led to problems. Cities are centers of civilization and culture.
A. Although increasing urbanization has led to problems, but cities are centers of civilization and
culture.
B. Despite increasing urbanization has led to problems, but cities are centers of civilization and
culture.
C. In spite of increasing urbanization has led to problems, yet cities are centers of civilization and
culture.
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D. Though increasing urbanization has led to problems, cities are centers of civilization and culture.
142. In 1960, the rate of urbanization in Indonesia was about 17%. In 1969, it was about 20%.
A. The rate of urbanization in Indonesia increased by 3% in 1969 followed by a slight fall to 17% in
1960.
B. The rate of urbanization in Indonesia rose to 20% before falling to 17% in the period of nine years
from 1960.
C. In 1960, the rate of urbanization in Indonesia was about 17% after falling slightly by 3% in the
period of nine years.
D. In 1960, the rate of urbanization in Indonesia was about 17% followed by a slight increase of 3%
in 1969.
143. The expenditure of the office remained stable. The profit rose by 25%.
A. The profit rose by 25% although the stabilization of the office's expenditure.
B. The profit rose by 25% as a result of the stabilization of the office's expenditure.
C. The profit rose by 25% despite the stabilization of the office's expenditure.
D. The profit rose by 25% owing to the stabilization of the office's expenditure.
144. The rapid urbanization led to many serious problems. One of those is the growth of slums.
A. The rapid urbanization is the cause of many serious problems such as the growth of slums.
B. The rapid urbanization is consequent of many serious problems like the growth of slums.
C. The rapid urbanization is created by many serious problems such as the growth of slums.
D. The rapid urbanization is resulted by many serious problems like the growth of slums.
145. The price plunged from 300 to 20 in 1995. It plateaued over the next 3 years.
A. The price decreased by 280 in 1995 before stabilizing for the next 3 years.
B. The price decreased for 280 in 1995 before leveling off for the next 3 years.
C. The price increased by 280 in 1995 before leveling off for the next 3 years.
D. The price increased for 280 in 1995 before stabilizing for the next 3 years.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Bài 2: Decide whether the following sentences are simple, complex or compound.
1. We met rather few people who spoke English.
2. I have been on rather too many planes and trains recently.
3. We drove to the city two days ago.
4. I don't care how expensive it is.
5. Two minutes ago the child was fast asleep, but now he is wide awake.
6. He is not tall enough to be a soldier.
7. I guess she just doesn't respect you.
8. I have got four sisters and each of them is quite different from the others.
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Bài 4: Combine the following pairs of simple sentences into complex sentences.
1. Tim went to the movies. He had a lot of work to do.
2. John is a brilliant boy. He has won several honors.
3. Mike didn't get the job. He lacked the necessary qualifications.
4. Bill is a baseball player. He is known all over the world.
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C. Complex D. Compound-complex
5. My mother cooked dinner whiie I was doing my homework.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
6. While I was doing my homework, my father cooked the dinner and my mother was asleep in front of the
television.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
7. Do you want to go swimming tomorrow, or would you prefer to play tennis?
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
8. I've brought my umbrella with me in case it rains.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
9. I don't know why he did that.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
10. My family went to France when I was in grade 5, but I never learned to speak French very well.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
11. I'm so pleased that you can come to my party.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
12. He told me that he is returning to Hanoi City next summer.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
13. I have not seen my grandmother since I came to Germany.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
14. We were doing an English test when the fire alarm rang yesterday.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
15. She runs every day, so she is very fit.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
16. Because she runs every day, she is very fit.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
17. The new girl in our class has a brother in grade 7 and a sister in grade 9.
A. Simple B. Compound
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C. Complex D. Compound-complex
18. You should read every day if you want to improve your English more quickly.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
19. Although it was cold and the rain was getting heavier, we decided to go fishing as planned.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
20. You should start working a little harder or you are going to fail your test.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
21. I didn't know what time it was so I was very late to class.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
22. Most European countries now use the Euro, but the United Kingdom still uses the pound (£).
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
23. To build a doll's house you need wood, a hammer, a saw, and lots of nails.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
24. She failed her driving test because she didn't look in her mirror often enough.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
25. He got up, walked over to the window, and jumped out.
A. Simple B. Compound
C. Complex D. Compound-complex
Bài 10: Combine each of the following sets of simple sentences into one complex sentence.
1. The strike was going to be called off. The leader told me that.
2. We can succeed only by combined effort. It goes without saying.
3. He may become a member. I don't know.
4. He is not educated. He is well experienced
5. I sank into the water. I felt great confusion of thought. I cannot describe it.
6. I went there. I found the door locked.
7. There is heavy rainfall here. Grapes will not grow in such places.
8. It may rain. Then the match will be cancelled.
9. You finish dressing. I will wait here.
Bài 11: Decide whether each of the following lines is a phrase (P), independent clause (IC), or
dependent clause (DC).
1. because it was easy
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Bài 12: Identify the clauses by placing square brackets [ ] around dependent clauses and curly
brackets { } around independent clauses and then decide whether the sentence is compound, complex
or compound-complex.
1. Even if every step seems difficult you should keep trying for the best things are worth fighting for.
2. I did my very best to write a good cover letter and I finally sent my application to my favorite company
for review.
3. Whenever the rain falls I remember how important the simple things are and I feel glad to be where I am.
4. If you really want good English editing service you should try it since it's fast and efficient.
5. Every morning I get up early and I get ready to go out but today my alarm didn't ring.
6. I think summer is the best time of year because everything is growing and green so the whole world seems
new.
7. Although travel can be fun alone it's better if you take a friend given that experiences are always better if
they're shared.
8. As soon as you get my letter write back to me and I will think of something new to write back to you
whenever I get your response.
9. I really want to know how to get a ticket yet every time I try to call the office I get a busy signal.
10. No matter how much you study it takes practice and application to really learn how to master English so
just keep trying to use what you know as often as you can and you'll succeed!
TEST
A. PHONETICS
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. illegal B. climatic C. benefit D. bioclimatic
2. A. researcher B. energy C. number D. death
3. A. arrested B. estimated C. claimed D. penetrated
4. A. revolution B. election C. interrogation D. question
5. A. rehear B. appear C. realize D. peace
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. attitude B. infamously C. geneticist D. socialist
2. A. preference B. attraction C. advantage D. infinitive
3. A. interview B. essential C. comfortable D. industry
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1. Hazardous gases refer to all kinds ____________________ gas that can be potential harmful to humans in
certain concentrations.
2. The ship's refrigeration and air conditioning plants are designed _______________________ achieve no
ozone depletion.
3. Nuclear waste can cause serious damage to the environment if not disposed ___________________
properly.
4. In the UK, poor air quality is responsible ____________________ some 40,000 deaths each year.
5. The government team ____________________ charge of promoting energy conservation has no campaign
budget and with three members to handle the issue nationwide, are short of staff.
6. Biomass typically refers ____________________ biofuels that are obtained through biological processes
such as agriculture and anaerobic digestion.
7. Everyday, the world produces carbon dioxide that is released to the earths atmosphere and which will still
be there ____________________ one hundred years time.
8. Mankind has been crazy to have not bothered ____________________ harness the sun's energy until now.
9. Business can now take advantage ______________________ different suppliers of both gas
and electricity and shop for the most economical.
10. ____________________ a gut level, many people already grasp the key difference between fossil fuels
and renewable energy.
IV. Choose the word or phrase from the box that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Otherwise Although For example Instead of Thanks to
1. ____________________ some clever and concerned architects, this image is starting to change the
concept of green cities aims to bring some beauty from rural environments into urban areas.
2. ______________________ filling its area with office buildings, Portland has plenty of green space for
activities.
3. ____________________ we are all aware of the effects of oil on seabirds, oil is also extremely toxic to
marine life.
4. Today there is a strong emphasis on the halt of CFC usage. CFCS, ____________________ known as
chloro-fluoro-carbons, are ozone depleting chemicals.
5. The smoke in the atmosphere, ____________________, is increasing so much that the amount of sunlight
has been reduced in many cities.
V. Choose the correct words in the box to complete the sentences.
needs of dispose of pay off distributed on took hold
accompanied by for granted absorbed into in part associated with
1. Green products are biodegradable or easily reused either ____________________ or as a whole.
2. Sea level rise ____________________ climate change could displace tens of millions of people in low-
lying areas - especially in developing countries.
3. A number of World War II munitions exploded as wildfires ____________________ in a forest around 40
miles southwest of Berlin, Raimund Engel.
4. In explosive eruptions, the fragmented rock may be ____________________ ash and gases; in effusive
eruptions, degassing is common but ash is usually not.
5. Most of us take heating and cooling ____________________.
6. Engage students in thinking about how water is ____________________ Earth.
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7. Water that falls on the ground can run off into streams or it can be ________________________ the
ground. Students may also say that water can evaporate.
8. You cannot sell them or ____________________ them without the permission of the finance company.
9. Sustainable energy is energy that meets the ____________________ the present generations without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
10. In many areas, including much of Alabama, an investment for sustainable energy sources will
____________________ in just a few short years.
VI. Give the correct form of the verbs to fill in the blank.
1. The importance of individual energy sources and options for power generation are changing, as are the
ways in which electricity is ______________________________ (transmit) and distributed.
2. Without action, the impacts of climate change _________________________ (threaten)
to catastrophically damage our world.
3. Oil drilling will continue to be a big deal unless we _________________________ (become)
less dependent on fossil fuels.
4. Offshore oil drilling has a significant negative impact on fragile marine and coastal ecosystems, and that
the risk of a devastating spill isn't worth _________________________ (take).
5. As landscapes and habitats literally shift, wildlife must quickly _________________________ (adjust).
6. Many key economic sectors - from _________________________ (fish) to energy to water utilities - will
feel long-term impacts of climate change.
7. Global warming is now accelerating the rate of sea level rise, _______________________
(increase) flooding risks to low-lying communities.
8. To make your home a healthier, safer, greener place, beginning with small steps. For example,
_________________________ (make) a commitment to change just one habit every month.
9. We prefer to _________________________ (describe) a green product as one that has less of an
environmental impact or is less detrimental to human health than the traditional product equivalent.
10. Something that is large or with odd dimensions may _________________________ (require) a custom
packaging solution instead of an out-of-the-box box.
VII. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of me following
questions.
1. Rooftop gardens prevent buildings from absorbing heat from the sun, which can significantly reduce
cooling bills.
A. trivially B. unparticularly C. remarkably D. meaninglessly
2. Solar radiation can be converted either into thermal energy (heat) or into electrical energy, though the
former is easier to accomplish.
A. transformed B. absorbed C. released D. exchanged
3. Adopting a green lifestyle can often be time-consuming for those who are fully committed to green
living.
A. abandoned B. devoted C. dependent D. relevant
4. Solar technology has also emerged for the clean and renewable production of hydrogen as an alternative
energy source.
A. infinite B. substitute C. endless D. restricted
5. The sun is a powerful energy source, and this energy source can be harnessed by installing solar panels.
A. dug B. transmitted C. devastated D. exploited
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6. Pollution poses health hazards, endangers wild life and makes the planet unsafe for future human
survival.
A. stems B. triggers off C. results from D. be caused by
7. Any environmental damage must be punishable by law, and polluters should pay compensation for the
damage caused to the environment.
A. rewards B. ransom C. damages D. savings
8. Pollution had also been a major problem, devastating the natural habitats of many animals and damaging
the earth beyond repair.
A. hopeful B. recoverable C. reversible D. past mending
9. Solar panels could be used on the new development as part of a drive towards environmental
sustainability.
A. steadiness B. inconstancy C. change D. fluctuation
10. Hazardous gases refer to all kinds of gas that can be potentially harmful to humans in certain
concentrations.
A. secure B. certain C. excessive D. noxious
11. Many herbicides and pesticides take a long time to degrade and build up in the soils or throughout the
food chain.
A. dignify B. accumulate C. defrost D. deteriorate
12. There are plenty of potential toxins still being ignored, with less than half of the 5,000 new chemicals
widely dispersed throughout the environment since 1950.
A. harmless compounds B. safe matters
C. poisonous substances D. immortal particles
13. One out of every four premature deaths in India in 2015, or some 2.5 million, was attributed to
pollution.
A. associated with B. got along with C. derived from D. broken down
14. The authorities are now making a determined effort to adapt to the climate change in mountain regions
to ensure that climbing can continue.
A. preserve B. stabilize C. adjust to D. generate
15. The biological agents now in use are environmentally benign and are harmless to humans.
A. hostile B. unfriendly C. friendly D. unfavorable
16. Renewable resources are exploited so much that they will never be able to recover completely.
A. destroyed B. run off C. utilized D. built up
VIII. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. Contaminants are subsequently removed by harvesting the above-ground shoot biomass for volume
reduction and storage.
A. later B. eventually C. previously D. afterwards
2. The introduction of harmful substances in the air results in detrimental impacts to the environmental and
humanity.
A. harmful B. benign C. noxious D. disastrous
3. Offshore oil drilling has a significant negative impact on fragile marine and coastal ecosystems, and that
the risk of a devastating spill isn't worth taking.
A. durable B. easily broken C. vulnerable D. delicate
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4. Without action, the impacts of climate change threaten to catastrophically damage our world.
A. beneficially B. ruinously C. fatally D. terribly
5. Global Forest Watch has also initiated a project to counteract deforestation through awareness.
A. introduced B. commenced C. launched D. completed
6. Some groups of animals such as amphibians are particularly vulnerable to these chemical pollutants and
suffer greatly as a result of the high levels of herbicides and pesticides in their habitat.
A. in peril B. in jeopardy C. open to attack D. durable
7. Cigarette butts are not biodegradable and contain extremely toxic soluble chemicals.
A. venomous B. deadly C. endangered D. harmless
8. By 2020, global surface temperature will be more than 0.5°C (0.9°F) warmer than the 1986-2005 average,
regardless of which carbon dioxide emissions pathway the world follows.
A. irrespective of B. without respect to C. in respect to D. disregard for
9. Everyday, the world produces carbon dioxide that is released to the earth's atmosphere and which will still
be there in one hundred years time.
A. trapped B. let off C. discharged D. emitted
10. Global warming is now accelerating the rate of sea level rise, increasing flooding risks to low-lying
communities.
A. decelerating B. gaining momentum C. picking up speed D. getting a move
on
C. READING
I. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
From the seeds themselves to the machinery, fertilizers and pesticides - The Green Revolution
regimen depend heavily on technology. One alternative, however, depends much (1) ____ on technology -
organic farming. Many organic farmers use machinery, but not chemical fertilizers or pesticides. (2) ____
chemical soil enrichers, they use animal manure and plant parts not used as food - natural, organic fertilizers
that are clearly a renewable (3) ____. Organic farmers also use alternatives for pesticides, for example, they
may rely on natural predators of certain insect pests. (4) ____ the need arises, they can buy the eggs and
larvae of these natural predators and introduce them into their crop fields. They use other techniques to
control pests as well, like planting certain crops together because one crop repels the other's pests. Organic
farmers do not need a lot of land, in fact organic farming is perfectly (5) ____ to small farms and is relatively
inexpensive. Finally, many organic farmers' average yields compare favorably with other farmers' yields.
1. A. more B. less C. better D. worse
2. A. In spite of B. On account of C. In favor of D. Instead of
3. A. resource B. source C. matter D. substance
4. A. Then B. If C. Because D. Thought
5. A. suitable B. open C. likely D. suited
II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
GREEN ENERGY
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Fossil fuels are used to generate the majority of the world's energy, and they come in different forms.
For example, coal may be burned in a power (1) ____ to generate electricity, but gasoline is burned in a car's
engine to make it run. Neither of these two sources is considered green energy because they produce a lot of
pollution when they are burned. In addition, they come from a source that is inevitably going to (2) ____.
Green energy can be defined as any energy source that is to some degree non-polluting. When it is
called (3) ____, this means that a person can replace the same amount of energy that was consumed by that
person (4) ____ that person's lifetime. Since it took millions and millions of years to create the fossil fuels
that we now burn, we know that they cannot be replaced by us.
Wind power and solar power, (5) ____ harnessed properly, are two excellent sources of green energy.
Once the necessary parts such as wind turbines to generate wind power and solar panels to create solar power
have been produced, only the pollution from the production is left.
1. A. point B. outlet C. factory D. plant
2. A. run out of B. run out C. burn out D. cut out
3. A. durable B. sustainable C. harmful D. effective
4. A. along B. about C. within D. during
5. A. where B. when C. which D. what
III. Choose the word or phrase from the box that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Experts in climatology and other scientists are becoming extremely concerned about the changes to
our climate which are taking place. Admittedly, climate changes have occurred on our planet before. For
example, there have been several ice ages or glacial periods. These climatic changes, however, were
different from the modern ones in that they occurred gradually and, as far as we know, naturally. The
changes currently being monitored are said to be the result not of natural causes, but of human activity.
Furthermore, the rate of change is becoming alarmingly rapid.
The major problem is that the planet appears to be warming up. According to some experts, this
warming process, known as global warming, is occurring at a rate unprecedented in the last 10,000 years.
The implications for the planet are very serious. Rising global temperatures could give rise to such
ecological disasters as extremely high increases in the incidence of flooding and of droughts. These could
have a harmful effect on agriculture. It is thought that this unusual warming on the Earth has been caused by
so-called greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, being emitted into the atmosphere by car engines and
modern industrial processes, for example. Such gases not only add to the pollution of the atmosphere, but
also create a greenhouse effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the
planet.
Politicians are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the
subject, attended by representatives from around 180 of the world's industrialized countries. Of these
summits, the most important took place in Kyoto in Japan in 1997. There it was agreed that the most
industrialized countries would try to reduce the volume of greenhouse gas emissions and were given targets
for this reduction of emissions.
It was also suggested that more forests should be planted to create so-called sinks to absorb
greenhouse gases. At least part of the problem of rapid climate change has been caused by too drastic
deforestation.
Sadly, the targets are not being met. Even more sadly, global warnings about climate changes are
often still being regarded as scaremongering.
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1. According to the passage, in what way did the climate changes in the ice ages differ from the modern
ones?
A. They occurred naturally over a long period of time.
B. They were partly intended.
C. They were wholly the result of human activity.
D. They were fully monitored by humans.
2. The word "alarmingly" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. disapprovingly B. disappointingly C. surprisingly D. worryingly
3. According to the passage, agriculture could ____.
A. make the global warming more serious
B. be indirectly affected by the global temperature rises
C. give rise to many ecological disasters
D. be directly damaged by the rises in global temperature
4. Greenhouse gases cause the warming up of the Earth because they ____.
A. are emitted by car engines B. trap heat from the sun
C. do not add to atmosphere pollution D. are unusual gases
5. It can be inferred from the passage that the countries which are mainly responsible for global warming are
____.
A. countries with the warmest climate B. developing countries
C. developed countries D. the most industrialized countries
6. Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?
A. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that may cause the so-called greenhouse effect
B. The so-called sinks created by forests can absorb greenhouse gases.
C. The problem of rapid climate change has been caused mainly by deforestation.
D. Politicians are among those who are concerned about climate change.
7. The word "drastic" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. hard B. severe C. widespread D. obvious
8. What is probably the writer's attitude toward global warning?
A. Optimistic B. Pessimistic C. Neutral D. Positive
IV. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
DESERTIFICATION
Desertification is the degradation of once-productive land into unproductive or poorly productive
land. Since the first great urban-agricultural centers in Mesopotamia nearly 6,000 years ago, human activity
has had a destructive impact on soil quality, leading to gradual desertification in virtually every area of the
world.
It is a common misconception that desertification is caused by droughts. Although drought does
make land more vulnerable, well-managed land can survive droughts and recover, even in arid regions.
Another mistaken belief is that the process occurs only along the edges of deserts. In fact, it may take place
in any arid or semiarid region, especially where poor land management is practiced. Most vulnerable,
however, are the transitional zones between deserts and arable land; wherever human activity leads to land
abuse in these fragile marginal areas, soil destruction is inevitable.
Agriculture and overgrazing are the two major sources of desertification Large-scale farming requires
extensive irrigation, which ultimately destroys lands by depleting its nutrients and leaching minerals into the
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topsoil. Grazing is especially destructive to land because, in addition to depleting cover vegetation, herds of
grazing mammals also trample the fine organic particles of the topsoil, leading to soil compaction and
erosion. It takes about 500 years for the earth to build up 3 centimeters of topsoil. However, cattle ranching
and agriculture can deplete as much as 2 to 3 centimeters of topsoil every 25 years - 60 to 80 times faster
than it can be replaced by nature.
Salination is a type of land degradation that involves an increase in the same content of the soil. This
usually occurs as a result of improper irrigation practices. The greatest Mesopotamian empires-Sumer,
Akkad and Babylon- were built on the surplus of the enormously productive soil of the ancient Tigris-
Euphrates alluvial plain. After nearly a thousand years of intensive cultivation, land quality was in evident
decline. In response, around 2800 BC the Sumerians began digging the huge Tigris Euphrates canal system
to irrigate the exhausted soil. A temporary gain in crop yield was achieved in this way, but over-irrigation
was to have serious and unforeseen consequences. From as early as 2400 BC we find Sumerian documents
referring to salinization as a soil problem. It is believed that the fall of the Akkadian Empire around 2150 BC
may have been due to a catastrophic failure in land productivity; the soil was literally turned into salt. Even
today, four thousand years later, vast tracks of salinized land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers still
resemble rock-hard fields of snow.
Soil erosion is another form of desertification. It is a self-reinforcing process, once the cycle of
degradation begins, conditions are set for continual deterioration. As the vegetative cover begins to
disappear, soil becomes more vulnerable to raindrop impact. Water runs off instead of soaking in to provide
moisture for plans. This further diminishes plan cover by leaching away nutrients from the soil. As soil
quality declines and runoff is increased, floods become more frequent and more severe. Flooding washes
away topsoil, the thin, rich, uppermost layer of the earth's soil, and leaves finer underlying particles more
vulnerable to wind erosion. Topsoil contains the earth's greatest concentration of organic matter and
microorganisms, and is where most of the earth's land-based biological activity occurs. Without this fragile
coat of nutrient-laden material, plan life cannot exist. An extreme case of its erosion is found in the Sahel, a
transitional zone between the Sahara Desert and the tropical African rain forests, home to some 56 million
people. Overpopulation and overgrazing have opened the hyperarid land to wind erosion, which is stripping
away the protective margin of the Sahel, and causing the desert to grow at an alarming rate. Between 1950
and 1975, the Sahara Desert spread 100 kilometers southward through the Sahel.
1. Which of the following statement is true about desertification?
A. It has a history as long as that of civilization
B. It was just as serious in the past as it is today.
C. It is a fairy recent problem.
D. Ancient societies managed the problem well.
2. The word "arable" in paragraph 2 is closet in meaning to ____.
A. cultivate B. dry C. settled D. populated
3. According to the passage, many people's understanding of desertification is incorrect because ____.
A. they do not think of it as a serious problem
B. they see it as being reversible
C. they do not see it as being caused by human activity
D. they think of it as a very slow process
4. According to the passage, agriculture further desertification through which the following activities ____.
A. The repetitive planting of the same crop B. Irrigation
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No
________________________________________________________________________________
3. The realization that he had been lying to me about his job all along came much later.
Only _____________________________________________________________________________
__
4. You won't pass the JLPT test easily if you don't practice your Japanese frequently.
Without
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. The reason why Jenny didn't accept his proposal was that she didn't truly trust his love.
As
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. I am going to the Chinese class this morning, come rain or shine.
Whether
____________________________________________________________________________
7. Failing to pass the crucial exam, you must give up your French studying here from now on.
You must either
______________________________________________________________________
8. Jay Chou is the Chinese singer I admire most of all.
There
_______________________________________________________________________________
PART 3: TEST YOURSELF
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. government B. monument C. movement D. comment
2. A. motto B. photograph C. force D. vote
3. A. demolish B. supporter C. resource D. reformist
4. A. attained B. resolved C. disused D. decreased
5. A. expand B. stagnant C. vacancy D. applicant
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. compulsory B. biography C. curriculum D. admirable
2. A. predominance B. environment C. technology D. superstition
3. A. mature B. mailbox C. surface D. manner
4. A. struggle B. enlarge C. occur D. survive
5. A. participate B. psychology C. ability D. temporary
III. Choose the best answer.
1. Most reptiles have three chambers in their hearts, ____ some do have four.
A. in spite B. although C. despite of D. so long as
2. Mammals, ____ are warm-blooded, meaning that they generate their own body heat and are thus more
tolerant of temperature extremes.
A. On the other hand B. In contrast C. In short D. In conclusion
3. Birds and mammals, ____ they are warm blooded, move more swiftly and have greater physical
endurance than reptiles.
A. although B. thus C. because D. besides
4. We should set our printer's default ____ it prints on both sides of the page.
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24. It has been said that the wars of the future will not be fought over land. ____, they will be fought over the
water supply.
A. However B. Besides C. Instead D. Therefore
25. ____ any ice, there is nowhere for the bears to stalk their prey.
A. Despite B. Without C. In addition to D. Apart from
IV. Choose the correct word to complete the following sentences.
clean defense ecologically benign expense
exploited infinite patterns extreme addressing
1. Today, the developed nations who achieved their wealth at the _________________________ of the
environment will be held accountable for protecting the earth's resources.
2. We can create environmentally- ______________________ industries, harness the power of the sun, wind
and waves for our energy needs and manage the finite _____________________ resources of the Earth.
3. You can make your voice heard in ____________________ of the living world by joining Greenpeace
today.
4. In recent years, the chemical industry has introduced several herbicides that are more _____________
sound.
5. The biological agents now in use are environmentally _____________________ and are harmless to
humans.
6. Environmental groups are _____________________ environmental concerns in the context of wider
issues such as minority and gender relations, poverty, and community development.
7. Renewable resources are ___________________ so much that they will never be able to recover
completely.
8. If we are sensible in how we use the resources they will remain _____________________.
9. The warming of the Pacific Ocean has created weather ___________________ that strongly affect the
world.
10. Global warming is making _____________________ weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts,
even more severe and causing sea levels all around the world to rise.
V. Give the correct form of the verbs to fill in the blank.
1. Global Forest Watch has also _____________________ (initiate) a project to counteract deforestation
through awareness.
2. Lessons learned from these techniques can _____________________ (apply) across the world, in places
where vulnerable species are in danger from encroaching human settlement.
3. The environmental movement _____________________ (need) to mature its view of the role of people,
technology and corporations.
4. Invasive species can even _____________________ (prey) on native species directly, forcing native
species towards extinction.
5. Herbicides and pesticides may keep yards looking nice but they are in fact hazardous pollutants that
_____________________ (affect) wildlife at many levels.
6. Many herbicides and pesticides take a long time _____________________ (degrade) and build up in the
soils or throughout the food chain.
7. Some groups of animals such as amphibians are particularly vulnerable to these chemical pollutants
and _____________________ (suffer) greatly as a result of the high levels of herbicides and pesticides in
their habitat.
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8. Many opponents of offshore oil drilling point out that better energy efficiency will actually save more
barrels of oil than could _____________________ (gain) by all US offshore reserves.
9. Because we are all inhabitants on Earth, everyone is a stakeholder, and every person has something to
_____________________ (contribute) to advance effective pollution prevention awareness.
10. Although we can each help _____________________ (combat) pollution in our immediate
environments, we can do more by working to change legislation and policy on a larger scale.
VI. Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition.
1. We should all accept personal responsibility _____________ our local environmental protection programs
by actively participating in making our atmosphere pollution-free.
2. The simplest preventive approaches are often quite complicated, expensive, and difficult for a small
business _____________ implement.
3. Every action or inaction of any person has an effect _____________ the environment–be it good, neutral,
or negative.
4. Due to our consumption and improper disposal _____________ plastic items, human beings have created
a swirling mess of garbage.
5. There are plenty of potential toxins still being ignored, _____________ less than half of the 5,000 new
chemicals widely dispersed throughout the environment since 1950.
6. One out of every four premature deaths in India in 2015, or some 2.5 million was attributed
_____________ pollution.
7. Several other countries such Bangladesh, Pakistan, North Korea, South Sudan and Haiti see nearly a fifth
of their premature deaths caused _____________ pollution.
8. _____________ the Alps, the glacier surfaces have shrunk by half between 1900 and 2012 with a strong
acceleration of the melting processes since the 1980s.
9. The authorities are now making a determined effort to adapt _____________ the climate change in
mountain regions to ensure that climbing can continue.
10. By 2020, global surface temperature will be more than 0.5°C (0.9°F) warmer than the 1986-2005
average, regardless _____________ which carbon dioxide emissions pathway the world follows.
VII. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that needs correction.
1. Today, Indian cities offer a more densely lifestyle with homes and work places surrounded by urban heat
islands with dust, noise and pollution.
A. densely B. homes C. surrounded D. heat
2. The design of simple, low-energy bioclimatic strategies and better building materials can shelter from the
outside world, creating havens of comfortable for occupants of all income levels.
A. bioclimatic B. shelter from C. creating D. comfortable
3. Solar panels could be used on the new development as part of a drive towards environmental sustainable.
A. could be used B. as C. towards D. sustainable
4. Global warming is now accelerating the rate of sea level raise, increasing flooding risks to low-lying
communities.
A. accelerating B. raise C. risks to D. communities
5. Air pollution is defined as any contamination of the atmosphere that disturb the natural composition and
chemistry of the air.
A. is defined B. disturb C. composition D. chemistry
6. Water pollution is categorized into point resource, non-point source, and groundwater.
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birth. In addition, the psychic effect of noise is very important. Nervousness, irritability, tension, and anxiety
increase affecting the quality of rest during sleep, and the efficiency of activities during waking hours, as
well as the way that we interact with each other.
1. Which of the following is the author's main point?
A. Hearing loss is America's number one nonfatal health problem.
B. Loud noises signal danger.
C. Noise may pose a serious threat to our physical and psychological health,
D. The ear is not like the eye.
2. According to the passage, what is noise?
A. A byproduct of technology B. Physical and psychological harm
C. Congestion D. Unwanted sound
3. Why is noise difficult to measure?
A. All people do not respond to it in the same way.
B. It causes hearing loss.
C. It is unwanted.
D. People become accustomed to it.
4. The word congested in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by ____.
A. hazardous B. crowded C. polluted D. rushed
5. The word it in the end of the first paragraph refers to ____.
A. The quality of life B. our advancing technology
C. the noise D. physical and psychological harm
6. Look at the verb accelerate in paragraph 3. Which of the following is the closest meaning to it?
A. cease B. rise C. swell D. increase
7. It can be inferred from this passage that the eye ____.
A. responds to fears B. enjoys greater protection than the ear
C. increases function D. is damaged by noise
Test 3:
Part I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the phrase which contains the sound that is
assimilated differently from the other three.
1. A. mixed bag B. basket maker C. direct methode D. bad pain
2. A. good morning B. blood bank C. white paper D. old man
3. A. food poisoning B. iron man C. one pair D. chicken breast
4. A. garden party B. credit card C. sun bath D. wine box
5. A. fat girl B. that cake C. short cut D. hard copy
6. A. cold cream B. red carpet C. golden gate D. good cook
7. A. tin can B. nice shoes C. in camera D. iron curtain
8. A. cheese shop B. rose show C. these sheep D. both sides
9. A. earth science B. brown bear C. foreign minister D. pen pal
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53. The students' interests are in maths and science rather than history and literature.
A. simple B. compound C. complex
54. My group is being involved in a competition for the best singers.
A. simple B. compound C. complex
55. Most people in this town like to play sport, but they don't have enough time.
A. simple B. compound C. complex
56. Because the game is brand new, numerous students are attracted to it.
A. simple B. compound C. complex
57. My father and my brother are having a big argument over where our family will spend the summer
vacation.
A. simple B. compound C. complex
58. During the disastrous storm, a tree fell down and destroyed our roof top.
A. simple B. compound C. complex
59. The maple leaf, which is Canada's national emblem, was selected in the eighteenth century.
A. simple B. compound C. complex
60. He can sing and dance very well, but he has never performed in public.
A. simple B. compound C. complex
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
61. ____ he was waiting for Sam outside the cinema, Jim realized that the street was funnily crowded.
A. So B. While C. Unless D. Even though
62. I didn't meet him right away ____ he had to talk to his boss first.
A. while B. if C. because D. or
63. ____ what has happened, I think she will never return.
A. If B. Unless C. While D. After
64. There wasn't a chair for the headmaster, ____ is a big problem.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
65. The student wiped the board ____ was full of notes and drawings.
A. that B. while C. after D. so
66. True Blood is my favourite TV series, ____ I don't have much time to watch it often.
A. although B. before C. if D. yet
67. After the children finished their dinner, they went to bed ____ listened to a bedtime story before falling
asleep.
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82. You are not rich enough to buy all what you like.
A B C D
83. He knows New York very well because he has gone to the city many times.
A B C D
84. They will not go nowhere special because they don't have enough money.
A B C D
85. Neither Lan or her friends care about the coming exam.
A B C D
86. Which is good for such an old lady like her is that she is healthy enough to cycle.
A B C D
87. Jane talks as if she knows all the story.
A B C D
88. I heard everything which he said and I was really upset.
A B C D
89. I spent my holiday in a country which is peaceful and picturesque.
A B C D
90. The sign is one of the five senses that are vital to anyone.
A B C D
Part IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 8. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
91. Did you have a good weekend?
A. Yes, let's keep in touch. B. Yes, I am a teacher.
C. Yes, it is lovely. D. Yes, I didn't do much.
92. During the trip, we can visit some wildlife reserves to see lions and giraffes.
A. That's great. How does it work? B. Oh, I see. No problem.
C. Really? I am so excited. D. That was OK at first.
93. Can I leave a message to Jim?
A. I'll ask him to call you. B. Of course, you can.
C. If you don't mind. D. Yes, you can take it.
94. You should not leave the light on when you are away.
A. OK, let's do it. B. That's a good idea. C. Try me! D. You are right.
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95. Excuse me! Can you show me the way to Main Street?
A. Um, I am sorry I have no idea. B. It's easy to do it.
C. Continue. D. Am I going right?
96. What's the matter?
A. No, I don't think so. B. A few problems. C. Well, sort of. D. I am not very
well.
97. Would you mind closing the door?
A. Yes, I do. B. No, of course not. C. Yes, please D. No, thank you.
98. The shop opens from Monday to Sunday from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. every day.
A. Really? That's wonderful. B. There's no way I can do it.
C. There's one around the corner. D. Yes, of course, I will join you.
99. Hi, what are you looking for?
A. Yes, I usually look for things. B. No way I am gonna show you.
C. Oil. Oil that we use for cooking. D. OK, I'll take it.
100. Hi, Alice. Would you like to go to the movies tonight?
A. Fine. I'll be there. B. Thanks. I love to.
C. I'll be ready in no time. D. Why? What's the matter?
101. Anything to drink?
A. Well-done! B. Just water please.
C. Yes, I will have soup and beef. D. Maybe I will go.
102. Excuse me, is this seat taken?
A. No, it isn't. B. No never. C. No, I am OK. D. No, I don't want to.
103. Do you know which animal sleeps the most?
A. Let me see it. B. Let me think. C. Let me try it. D. Let me down.
104. Excuse me, could I talk to the manager?
A. Yes, I would love to. B. Yes, I will give it to you.
C. Yes, of course. D. Yes, thank you.
105. Everyone should learn more about how to treat the environment well.
A. I am sure about that. B. That's not sure. C. I don't think so. D. It's not true.
Part V. READING
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
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Every night, almost one billion people go to bed hungry. How can we feed all these (106) ____
people? Farmers all over the world have to content with weather, insects, and natural disasters, which
are capable of (107) ____ crops and ruining years of hard work. And the population is set to rise to
nine billion by 2050. Here are four possible solutions.
GM crops
Proponents of genetically modified crops (GM crops) claim that they will hugely (108) ____ food
production. Scientists have developed drought-resistant and disease-resistant crops, more productive
crops, and crops with increased vitamins. Anti-GM protesters worry (109) ____ health risks and
damage to other plants that grow near the GM crops.
Vertical farming
Another answer could be to grow food in buildings. (110) ____ of vertical farming are suggesting we
construct multistory, climate-controlled farm buildings in the heart of our cities. One indoor hectare
of land would be (111) ____ to above five hectares outdoors, so we could grow year-round crops that
would easily feed whole cities. Opponents point to the cost, the increased energy used and the effect
on farmers.
Eat less meat Others say the solution lies not (112) ____ new technologies, but in eating less meat. It
takes about seven kilos of corn to produce one kilo of beef. That quality of corn will keep more
people (113) ____ than that quality of beef. But this is a message the world doesn't want to hear.
Meat consumption is rising steeply.
Increase aid
Rich countries have far more food than they need and waste vast amount of it - 6.7 million tons a
year in the UK (114) ____. We can afford to send surplus food to people (115) ____ need it. We
could also simply give more money to developing countries, (116) ____ they can buy food. (117)
____ say that this makes people dependent on rich countries and is only a short-term solution.
106. A. undernourished B. unhealthy C . unbelievable D. undeniable
107. A. wasting B. destroying C. killing D. harvesting
108. A. strengthen B. rise C. increase D. enlarge
109. A. about B. to C. with D. on
110. A. Promoters B. Advocates C. Champion D. Spokesmen
111. A. same B. parallel C. alike D. equivalent
112. A. on B. to C. in D. over
113. A. alive B. lively C. vital D. active
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from tourism. Demand from south-east Asia has seen the price of ivory triple since 2009 and it is
estimated that one elephant is killed every 15 minutes. (D) Corruption, a lack of resources, and, most
importantly, increasingly sophisticated poachers have hamstrung African countries' efforts to stem
the trade.
Naidoo said that the research was not suggesting economic issues should be the only consideration
when protecting elephants, but framing the poaching crisis as a financial one could motivate African
governments and communities.
“It gives an additional reason for some groups of people, who may not necessarily be motivated by
intrinsic reasons for conversation, to engage with biodiversity conservation. It makes it clear to them
that it's not just in the best interests of the world to conserve this stuff, but tangible reasons for a
whole different group," he said.
123. The overall profit that the continent lost a year can be estimated to ____.
A. 25 million USD B. 100,000 USD C. 26 million USD D. 9 million USD
124. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. To get to the conclusion, scientists compared the changes in number of tourists and number of
elephants in 2009.
B. The only reason why illegal poaching is so difficult to stop is corruption.
C. Protecting elephants is for the both the practical and immaterial reasons.
D. There is an argument over the differences in the balance between the loss and the cost to protect
the elephants.
125. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Across the continent, the amount of money spent on protecting the elephant is smaller than the
loss tourist industry is suffering from.
B. The number of tourists reduces because now it is more difficult for them to see the elephants in the
wild.
C. One reason why elephants are killed in mass volume is from the increasing market of ivory in
South East Asia.
D. Relating poaching to financial benefits can be considered as one of the solutions to the problem.
126. Which of the positions marked in the passage does the phrase "but the financial argument did not stack
up in all areas,” best fit?
A. (A) B. (B) C. (C) D. (D)
127. The word plummet in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
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D. If the class was over, the students would run out, scream and shout.
135. At no time Jane asks me when she uses my bathroom.
A. Jane is always using my bathroom without asking!
B. It is very unusual for Jane to ask me when she uses my bathroom.
C. Jane has no time to ask me when she uses my bathroom.
D. Sometimes Jane asks me when she uses my bathroom.
136. He was about to do something when his mother suddenly shouted out.
A. He was doing something when his mother suddenly shouted out.
B. He refused to do something about his mother suddenly shouting out.
C. He was on the point of doing something when his mother suddenly shouted out.
D. His mother's sudden shouting out helped him to do something.
137. Merry allows her children to stay up late on Saturday evenings.
A. Merry makes her children stay up late on Saturday evenings.
B. Merry gets her children to stay up late on Saturday evenings.
C. Merry helps her children stay up late on Saturday evenings.
D. Merry lets her children stay up late on Saturday evenings.
138. I was under a strong impression that she had not told the truth.
A. I believed that she had not told the truth.
B. I doubted that she had not told the truth.
C. I protested that she had not told the truth.
D. I insisted that she had not told the truth.
139. He acts like an innocent man even if the evidence shows the contradiction.
A. Even though he acts like an innocent man, the evidence shows the contradiction.
B. He acts like an innocent man because the evidence shows the contradiction.
C. The evidence shows the contradiction so he acts like an innocent man.
D. He acts like an innocent man, as a result, the evidence shows the contradiction.
Exercise 13. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions.
140. We paid for the meal. We wanted to say sorry for what we had done.
A. In order to pay for the meal, we wanted to say sorry for what we had done.
B. We paid for the meal in order to say sorry for what we had done.
C. We paid for the meal although we wanted to say sorry for what we had done.
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D. The meal we paid for is what we want to say sorry for what we had done.
141. My sister thinks the film is too frightening. I am not scared at all.
A. My sister thinks the film is too frightening because I am not scared at all.
B. My sister thinks the film is too frightening so I am not scared at all.
C. My sister thinks the film is too frightening whereas I am not scared at all.
D. My sister thinks the film is too frightening although I am not scared at all.
142. He bought her flowers and diamond rings. This action made her fall in love with him.
A. He bought her flowers and diamond rings, what made her fall in love with him.
B. He bought her flowers and diamond rings, that made her fall in love with him.
C. He bought her flowers and diamond rings, which made her fall in love with him.
D. He bought her flowers and diamond rings which made her fall in love with him.
143. He was so angry with his boss. He quitted his job immediately.
A. Angry with his boss, he quitted his job immediately.
B. He quitted his job immediately, angry with his boss.
C. Angry with his boss he is, he quitted his job immediately.
D. He was so angry with his boss although quitting his job immediately.
144. Something hit the door. I heard a slam.
A. Something hit the door but I heard a slam.
B. Something hit the door when I heard a slam.
C. Something hit the door though I heard a slam.
D. Something hit the door for I heard a slam.
145. He doesn't like going out. He doesn't invite any friends home.
A. He either goes out or invites any friends home.
B. He neither goes out nor invites any friends home.
C. He not only goes out but also invites any friends home.
D. He goes out but not invites any friends home.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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- Yesterday, ago, upon a time, in 1945 (in a specific year in the past....), last...
e. Một số lưu ý đối với thì quá khứ đơn:
* Quy tắc thêm “ed” với động từ thường:
- Hầu hết động từ được thêm “ed” để biến thành động từ dạng quá khứ
Ex: work - worked, visit - visited
- Một vài động từ kết thúc bằng phụ âm “y” thì biên "y” thành “i” rồi thêm “ed” để biến thành dạng động từ
quá khứ
Ex: study - studied, carry - carried
- Một vài động từ có dạng 1:1:1 (1 phụ âm + 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm) thì ta gấp đôi phu âm cuối rồi thêm
“ed”
Ex: plan - planned, fit - fitted
* Cách phát âm đối với động từ có đuôi “ed”:
Đúng nhất: Theo phiên âm quốc tế, khi -ED đứng sau các âm sau sẽ được phát âm như sau:
Phát âm của -ED Các âm trước -ED
/ɪd/ /t/ /d/
/t/ /k/ /f/ /p/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /s/ /t/ /θ/
/d/ Các nguyên âm và phụ âm còn lại
Mẹo vặt: (Không đúng 100%): Theo hình vị tự:
Phát âm của -ED Các âm trước -ED
/ɪd/ t d
/t/ P x ce f ch sh *gh s *th ph k
/d/ Các nguyên âm và phụ âm còn lại
- Đọc chơi cho dễ nhớ: Pà xã, có fải chú sháu ghé sang Thuận Phước không?
- Bạn có thể đặt thành câu khác cho riêng mình để dễ nhớ.
Ex:
/ɪd/ wanted, needed, demanded, suggested, mended, hated, visited, …
/t/ walked, liked, stopped, raped, washed, watched, laughed, sentenced, rated, breathed, stated,
looked, cooked, sniffed, missed, mixed....
/d/ played, studied, changed, matched, decreed, ....
Note:
• Khi *th phát âm là /θ/ thì -ed mới phát âm là /t/ như breathed, ...
• Khi *th phát âm là /ð/ thì -ed có phát âm là /d/ như bathed, ...
• Khi *gh phát âm là /f/ thi -ed phát âm là /t/ như laughed, coughed, ....
• Khi *gh là âm câm thi -ed phát âm là /d/ như ploughed, ...
• Nguyên âm + S + ED thì -ed thường được phát âm là /d/ như praised, chased, raised....
Ngoại lệ:
- Một số tỉnh từ sau có cách phát âm của -ed là /ɪd/: naked /'neɪkɪd/, learned /'lə:nɪd/, aged /eɪdʒɪd/, beloved
/bɪ'lʌvɪd/, blessed /'blesɪd/, crooked /'krʊkɪd/, ragged /'ræɡɪd/, sacred /'seɪkrɪd/, wretched /'retʃɪd/,...
- Phần ngoại lệ: Có một chữ có -ed tận cùng được phát âm là /əd/. Chữ đó là hundred /'hʌndrəd/
2. PAST PERFECT (QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH)
a. Form:
(+) S+ had + Vp2/ed + O
(-) S + hadn't + Vp2/ed + O
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Bài 3: Choose the correct time or quantity expressions used with the past perfect tense.
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1. How (much/long) had you owned this mobile phone before you bought a new smartphone?
2. I had (yet/already) finished my phone call by the time my classmate Mai arrived.
3. Minh hadn't finished his essay (when/by) the time the submission deadline came.
4. The form teacher had requested that all the exercises should be completed (as soon as/before Friday.
5. How (much/long) had you been on the computer before it froze?
6. They had exchanged emails and instant messages long (after/before) they met face to face.
7. I had always wanted to own a new tablet PC (so/as) I bought one today!
Bài 4: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense - Past Perfect or Past Simple.
1. After Nam _______ (to spend) his holiday in France he _______ (to want) to learn French.
2. Tim _______ (to phone) Lisa at work before she _______ (to leave) for her trip.
3. Susan _______ (to turn on) the radio after she _______ (to wash) the dishes.
4. When she _______ (to arrive) the match _______ already _______ (to start).
5. After the man _______ (to come) home he _______ (to feed) the cat.
6. Before he _______ (to sing) a song he _______ (to play) the guitar.
7. She _______ (to watch) a video after the children _______ (to go) to bed.
8. After Bill _______ (to make) breakfast he (to phone) his friend.
9. I _______ (to be) very tired because I _______ (to study) too much.
10. They _______ (to ride) their bikes before they _______ (to meet) their friends.
Bài 5: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense- Past simple, past continuous or past perfect.
1. After they _______ (have) a cup of tea, they _______ (have) some cake.
2. They _______ (buy) this flat two years ago.
3. When I _______ (watch) TV, the lights _______ (go) out.
4. He _______ (tell) me that he _______ (see) a lion.
5. He _______ (go) to France last year.
6. After he _______ (call) the police, he _______ (call) the ambulance.
7. She _______ (wash) her hair when her baby _______ (start) to cry.
8. After he _______ (work) hard, he _______ (feel) ill.
9. He _______ (leave) the room after I _______ (explain) all the facts.
10. After he _______ (find) the key, he _______ (open) the door.
11. While he _______ (play) computer games, she _______ (read).
12. They _______ (sell) everything before they _______ (move) to Glasgow.
13. He _______ (visit) me yesterday evening.
14. When I _______ (clean) the room, Mary _______ (come) home.
15. After he _______ (finish) school, he _______ (start) to work in a factory.
II. PREPOSITIONS AFTER CERTAIN VERBS (GIỚI TỪ THEO SAU MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ)
Một số động từ thường có các giới từ đi kèm theo sau.
ABOUT
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E.g: Even in prison, he continued to engage in criminal activities. (Ngay cả khi ở trong tù, anh ta vẫn tiếp
tục tham gia vào các hoạt động tội phạm.)
- participate/ take part + in sth: tham gia vào
E.g: They will participate in running the race. (Họ sẽ tham gia vào cuộc chạy đua)
- result in sth: gây ra, dẫn đến, đưa đến
E.g: His recklessness resulted in failure. (Sự liều lĩnh của anh ta đã dẫn đến thất bại.)
- specialize in sth: chuyên về, trở thành chuyên gia về, nổi tiếng về
E.g:The shop specializes in hand-made chocolates. (Cửa hàng này chuyên bán sôcôla tự làm.)
- succeed in sth: thành công trong việc làm gì
E.g: He succeeded in winning the race. (Anh ấy đã thắng trong cuộc đua)
OF
- approve of: tán thành, chấp thuận, bằng lòng
E.g: They didn't approve of his actions. (Họ không tán thành hành động của anh ta)
- dream of: mơ ước về điều gì (lúc bạn thức)
E.g: I dreamt of being an English teacher. (Tôi đã mơ ước trở thành giáo viên Tiếng Anh.)
- take care of: chăm sóc, trông nom
E.g: You should take better care of yourself. (Bạn nên chăm sóc bản thân tốt hơn)
- think of: nghĩ tới, nhớ tới, tưởng tượng
E.g: That's a good idea. Why didn't I think of that? (Ý kiến đó hay đấy. Tại sao tôi không nghĩ tới nhỉ?)
OFF
- call off ~ cancel: hủy bỏ
E.g:
He called off playing the game in the rain. (Anh ấy dừng chơi trò chơi trong cơn mưa)
The game was called off because of bad weather. (Trò chơi bị hủy bỏ bởi thời tiết xấu)
- put off ~ delay: trì hoãn
E.g:
Perhaps we should put off the trip to Ha Long Bay. A big storm is coming.
(Có lẽ chúng ta nên tạm hoãn chuyến đi Vịnh Hạ Long. Một cơn bão lớn đang đến.)
OVER
think over: xem xét, cân nhắc kỹ lưỡng trước khi đưa ra quyết định
E.g: He'd like more time to think things over. (Anh ấy cần thêm thời gian để cân nhắc)
- talk over: thảo luận tỉ mỉ điều gì
E.g:
You'll find it helpful to talk things over with a friend.
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(Bạn sẽ thấy hữu ích khi thảo luận mọi thứ với bạn bè.)
ON
- agree on sth: đồổng ý việc gì
E.g: We agreed on renting the house. (Chúng tôi đồng ý cho thuê ngôi nhà)
- concentrate on: tập trung
E.g:
She gave up German in order to concentrate on her French.
(Cô ấy từ bỏ tiếng Đức để tập trung vào tiếng Pháp)
- depend on: phụ thuộc
E.g: We depend on getting help. (Chúng tôi phụ thuộc vào việc giúp đỡ)
- go on: tiếp tục
E.g: Will you go on working? (Bạn sẽ tiếp tục làm việc chứ?)
- insiston: khăng khăng
E.g: He insisted on his innocence. (Anh ta khăng khăng rằng bản thân vô tội)
- keep on: tiếp tục
E.g: We keep on working. (Chúng tôi tiếp tục làm việc)
- plan on: có ý định/ dự định làm gì
E.g: We hadn't planned on going anywhere this evening. (Chúng tôi không có dự định đi đâu tối nay cả.)
- rely on: tin cậy vào, dựa vào, tin vào
E.g: You should rely on your own judgement. (Bạn nên tin vào phán đoán của bản thân.)
TO
- adjust to sth ~ adapt to: thích nghi với cái gì
E.g: I have adjusted to living in the U.S. (Tôi phải thích nghi với cuộc sống ở Mỹ.)
- agree to sth: đồng tình, tán thành, đồng ý với việc gì
E.g: Do you think he'll agree to their proposal? (Bạn có nghĩ rằng anh ta sẽ tán thành lời đề nghị?)
- look forward to: mong đợi, chờ đợi
E.g: I look forward to seeing you. (Tôi rất mong được gặp bạn.)
- object to: chống đối, phản đối với
E.g:
Many local people object to the building of the new airport. (Rất nhiều người dân địa phương phản đối việc
xây dựng sân bay mới)
WITH
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- agree with sb/ sth: đồng tình, đồng ý với ai/ điều gì
E.g:
I agree with her analysis of the situation. (Tôi đồng tình với phân tích của cô ấy trong tình huống này.)
- mess with sb/ sth: can thiệp vào, xía vào, dính vào
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2. It's a bad problem, so you should do something _______ it. (to resolve something)
3. I thought _______ you when I heard that song.
4. They are thinking _______ going to Nha Trang for holiday.
5. I'm sorry to hear _______ your accident.
6. He blamed me _______ the accident.
7. He blamed the accident _______ me.
8. They will provide us _______ all the necessary information soon.
Bài 10: Complete the following sentences with the verbs either in Past Simple or Past Perfect Tense.
1. After we _______ it on the phone, I _______ him an email about it. (discuss, write)
2. Before we _______ Bin to the theatre, he _______ a stage play before. (take, never see)
3. By the time we _______, the football match _______. (arrive, finish)
4. He _______ to do the job in an hour, but he still _______ by 7 o'clock. (promise, not finish)
5. I _______ the carpet when the dog in and shook himself. (just clean, come)
6. By the time I _______, the concert_______. (arrive, finish)
7. I _______ the shop as soon as I the contents of the box. (ring, check)
8. They _______ the door before I _______ there. (lock, get)
9. We _______ a good rest when our guests _______. (have, leave)
10. When she _______ the office this morning, Tom _______ out. (ring, already go)
Bài 11: Complete the e-mail with suitable prepositions. If no preposition is necessary, write “x” in the
gap.
Hi Daisy,
Have you heard from Tim recently? I telephone (1) _______ him last week and also sent (2) _______ him
an e-mail but he hasn't replied. I want to apologize (3) _______ him (4) _______ forgetting to water his
plants while he was away. He left me the keys to his room but I completely forgot. I don't suppose he'll ever
rely (5) _______ me for anything after this!
re you going to take part (6) _______ the music concert at the end of the term? I am. Rehearsals start this
week and I'm going to sing a traditional song from my country. I think it's a great way to make friends (7)
_______ people I wouldn't meet otherwise.
By the way, I must congratulate you (8) _______ your test results! I wish somebody would explain (9)
_______ me how to get an A on a test! Seriously, though, you worked hard
and you deserve it.
Take care,
Lisa
TEST 1
A. PHONETICS
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A approved B. answered C. passed D. uttered
2. A. doubted B. wedded C. connected D. passed
3. A. managed B. laughed C. captured D. signed
4. A. washed B. exchanged C. experienced D. mixed
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11. Don't disturb Amy. She just went/ has just gone to sleep.
12. Bill phones/ is phoning his girlfriend again. That's the third time he phoned/ has phoned her this evening.
13. Since the eruption started/ has started all the villages on the slopes of the volcano have evacuated/ have
been evacuated.
14. House prices increased/ have increased dramatically in recent years.
15. Jim decided/ has decided to continue the course, even though it is proved/ was proving very difficult.
III. Choose the correct word in the bracket to complete the sentences.
shoot show censore broadcast edit scan
print receive publish refer download
1. The term the mass media in English ____________________ basically to TV, radio and newspapers.
2. The BBC World Service ______________________throughout the world.
3. A short wave or a VHF radio can ______________________ many interesting stations.
4. They're ____________________ a good film on TV tonight.
5. I _____________________ a good program from the Internet the other day. Would you like a copy?
6. This book was ____________________ by CUP and it was ____________________ in Cambridge.
7. This article has been badly ____________________.
8. The film was ____________________ in Spain.
9. They ______________________ the film before showing it on TV.
10. I _____________________ some photos I'd taken, so that I could send them to a friend in Australia.
IV. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same
line.
1. That morning, I spent maybe 40 minutes ____________________ over the horror of the shooting and a
million other things the newspapers had to tell me. PORE
2. We have spent much of the past few years discovering that the digitization of news is ruining how
we ____________________ process information. COLLECT
3. Most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses with a mixture of subscription revenue,
newsstand sales, and ____________________ revenue. ADVERTISE
4. Sweet people turn nasty at the ____________________ of a hat on FB; it's stunning how fast they turn:
like a hungry Rottweiler being teased with a piece of red meat. DROPPING
5. With ____________________ to the above paragraph about nasty FBers, a recent study said that FB
makes us "feel badly about ourselves", "makes us envious", "makes us sad" and “is a tedious distraction”.
6. Social networks and the analysis of them is an inherently interdisciplinary academic field which
____________________ from social psychology, sociology, statistics, and graph theory. EMERGE
7. The first commercial automated cellular network was ____________________ in Japan by Nippon
Telegraph and Telephone in 1979. LAUNCH
8. Like many nonprofits, we use Facebook to connect with our audiences, and they use Facebook to stay
in ____________________ with us. TOUCHING
9. During that time, we've grown ____________________ as an organization - adding staff positions,
increasing programming. SIGNIFICANT
10. Some video clips and images shared by your friend may make you laugh and your brain gets
some ____________________. RELAX
V. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
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1. Media plays a significant role in keeping everyone updated about the various events around the world.
A. informed B. disinterested C. indifferent D. reluctant
2. Today, we can check out the latest news and current affairs with just few clicks of mouse or by simply
switching on the radio or television
A. matters B. meetings C. affections D. approval
3. The main purpose of media is to disseminate the information and knowledge.
A. restrict B. spread C. conceal D. make it off the record
4. Cyber-bullying is commonplace online, causes emotional trauma, and sometimes even leads to suicide.
A. stimulation B. motivation C. disorder D. excitement
5. The Internet is a treasure trove of information, which offers knowledge on any given topic under the sun.
A. sparsely B. scarcely C. abundantly D. undoubtedly
6. The webs update news about the latest breakthroughs in the field of medicine, technology, and other
domains of science.
A. setbacks B. demerits C. hindrances D. headways
7. Finding the latest updates about celebrities and exploring lifestyle websites have become day-to-day
activities of many Internet consumers.
A. abnormal B. extraordinary C. exceptional D. habitual
8. These days, online gaming has tasted dramatic and phenomenal success because of its ever-increasing
demand throughout the world.
A. usual B. ordinary C. remarkable D. run-of-the-mill
9. Social networking has also evolved as a great medium to connect with like-minded Individuals and
become a part of interesting groups and communities.
A. having similar ideas and interests B. having indifferent behaviors
C. having habits in common D. having similar mental disorders
10. Children addicted to computers are being sent on camping holidays designed to help them kick the
habit.
A. dependent on B. hooked on C. indifferent to D. exhausted by
VI. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. Excessive amounts of time at a computer can contribute to obesity, undeveloped social skills and a form
of addictive behavior.
A. over the top B. a bit much C. unrestrained D. limited
2. The Internet has become an indispensable business tool, which has helped bring the world closer.
A. fundamental B. vital C. dispensable D. significant
3. Newspapers enjoyed the position of the most preferred medium to reach a wider audience until electronic
communication emerged on the media scene.
A. turned up B. came into view C. came out D. disappeared
4. For many teens, texting is the dominant way that they communicate on a day-to-day basis with their
friends.
A. secondary B. principal C. leading D. outstanding
5. Duolingo helps you learn multiple languages simultaneously at no extra charge.
A. concurrently B. together C. at the same time D. singly
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6. These days more and more children are experiencing a stressful and miserable adolescence due to
bullying.
A. sorrowful B. depressed C. contented D. tragic
7. Studies show that bullying can greatly impact a child's life and have long-lasting negative effects.
A. durable B. short-lived C. permanent D. lifelong
8. Until recently, many teachers and school officials turned a blind eye to bullying, believing that the
students would eventually sort it out by themselves.
A. became attentive to B. paid no attention to
C. seemed ignorant of to D. took no interest in
9. Some people with large enough fans bases can earn a very wealthy living by uploading a few videos
every week.
A. impoverished B. well off C. rolling in money D. well-to-do
10. Face-to-face socializing is not as preferred as virtual socializing among the youth.
A. facing B. eyeball to eyeball C. indirect D. direct
VII. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. Have you any comment to ____ about the cause of the disaster?
A. make B. complain C. show D. demonstrate
2. Any event attended by the actor received ____ media coverage.
A. big B. large C. widespread D. much
3. The ____ of 4, 5 and 9 is 6.
A. total B. sum C. amount D. average
4. We thought she was arrogant ____ in fact she was just very shy.
A. whereas B. although C. despite D. provided
5. Are you ____ trouble again?
A. doing B. causing C. creating D. bringing
6. The sword was presented by the family ____ the museum.
A. for B. onto C. to D. with
7. The truth of this statement has been effectively ____ in Chapter 1.
A. demonstrated B. pronounced C. declared D. published
8. Their music still enjoys widespread ____ among teenagers.
A. popular B. popularity C. public D. publicity
9. As far as I'm ____ nobody has done anything about it.
A. know B. aware C. hope D. awake
10. Focusing upon human curiosity is an ingenious idea that would ____ to the creation and launch of Quota
in June, 2009.
A. direct B. go C. lead D. aim
11. The app - WhatsApp - relies ____ the Internet to send images, texts, documents audio and video
messages to other users that have the app installed on their devices.
A. on B. at C. in D. with
12. The lessons provided by Duolingo are designed to increase in difficulty as the user ____.
A. continues B. moves forward C. progresses D. goes forward
13. With Anki App, users can ____ themselves through quickly sessions, often lasting one minute or less, in
order to test their knowledge of Japanese.
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A B C D
2. We'll see you after the performance also give you £50 for the tickets, or however much they cost.
A B C D
3. Do they play any other sports beside basketball and volleyball?
A B C D
4. In addition her flat in Hanoi, she has a new house in Vung Tau and a villa in Ho Chi Minh City.
A B C D
5. There's not much flour left but you're welcome to what few there is.
A B C D
6. Susan slept soundly for 10 hours! You must wake her.
A B C D
7. Because of coming into the office on weekends, Mr. Smith never gets enough work done.
A B C D
8. Sales of the newest computer have doubled since the past eight months.
A B C D
9. The members of the personnel committee has decided to revise the employee handbook.
A B C D
10. No one knows what the ultimate affect of the global pollution will be.
A B C D
C. READING
I. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space.
worth sources physical delivered contents
information publications drawbacks convey subscriptions
As printed media begin to lose their dominance as a way to (1) _________________ information to
the world, electronic media have stepped up and taken their place. Many people no longer read newspapers
or magazines in their traditional paper forms, but they still do read. The (2) _________________ delivery
system is what has happened, may people are reading newspapers or magazines off of their smartphones,
tablets, or on their computer screens. The (3) _________________ of the newspapers and magazines strive
to be the same, but the new way it is presented has some (4) _________________ as well as benefits.
One of the biggest drawbacks about electronic newspapers and magazines is that they are often read
without a subscription. As electronic media are (5) _________________ instantly over the Internet, the only
way that money can be made is through advertisements, as most people don't want to pay for electronic (6)
_________________. This has left many of the news outlets on the Internet scrambling to find (7)
__________________ of revenue.
Probably the greatest criticism of online newspapers and magazines is that there often isn't very much
invested in the stories as they come out. Rather than serious investigative journalism, the main point of many
online (8) __________________ is merely to attract page views so that the advertisers on those pages must
pay a small fee. In the age of (9) _________________, finding the information (10) __________________
learning becomes the hardest task of all.
II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
At the start of the social media revolution, Facebook quickly became the most popular (1) ____ for
sharing information with others. However, it is not the only service that people can use to express
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themselves. Those (2) ____ believe in the old saying that "more is less" may want to check out Twitter. Part
of Twitter's appeal is that it limits users to 140 characters whenever they update their status, nisor people to
quickly "get to the point" when they are communicating.
Twitter is a micro blogging service that was (3) ____ by four American programmers in 2006. The
founders chose the name Twitter because the word has two definitions: "a short burst of information" and
"the sound that little birds make", both of (4) ____ fit the description of what their service provides. In fact,
some people have even labeled Twitter the "SMS of the Internet". Twitter is not just (5) ____ words though.
Users can also share videos and pictures. Another thing which truly sets Twitter apart from its competition is
the hash tag. Hash tags are a special way of labeling and (6) ____ information. They help people interested
in a subject to find related posts and content. For example, some interested in sports could simply search for
hash tag sports and they would find all messages tagged in this manner.
Twitter has also allowed people to easily connect with others who they would have never had access
to in the past. This has enabled fans to interact with their favorite celebrities by following their Twitter
updates and sending them direct messages. (7) ____, there is no guarantee that the famous person will
respond, as the celebrities may receive thousands of messages each day. However, there have been some
pretty stunning interactions. (8) ____ 2011, singer Justin Timberlake made headlines when he accepted an
invitation from a female soldier to attend a Marine Corps ball. In return, many celebrities find it gratifying to
know some of their supporters more closely. However, there is a dark side to Twitter (9) ____. Some people
who don't think before send out tweets that can cause outrage by making inappropriate or insensitive
remarks.
In November 2013, Twitter went public on the New York Stock Exchange. The added investments
should (10) ____ the company to do some incredible things in the near future
1. A. position B. site C. area D. side
2. A. what B. which C. who D. that
3. A. published B. went C. turned D. created
4. A. when B. which C. that D. While
5. A. in B. for C. about D. from
6. A. classifying B. allowing C. defining D. sending
7. A. Moreover B. Of course C. However D. Although
8. A. In В. Ву C. Within D. During
9. A. organizations B. conversations C. applications D. implementations
10. A. make B. help C. have D. allow
III. Read the passage and choose the best answer.
The World Wide Web was developed by British physicist and computer scientist Timothy Berners-
Lee as a project within the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Geneva, Switzerland.
Berners-Lee combined several existing ideas into a single system to make it easier for physicists to use data
on the Internet. Most important, he added multimedia - the ability to include graphics - to the hyperlink
concept found in a previous Internet service known as gopher. Berners-Lee had begun working with
hypertext in the early 1980s. An early prototype implementation of the Web became operational at CERN in
1989, and the idea quickly spread to universities in the rest of the world.
Groups at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign researched and extended Web technology. They developed the first browser that was
used at many sites, named Mosaic, in 1993. To allow the Web to be accessed from a wide variety of
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computer systems, researchers built multiple versions of Mosaic. Each version was designed to be used with
a specific operating system, the software that controls the computer. Within a year, computer programmer
Marc Andreessen had formed a commercial company, Netscape Communications Corporation, to build and
sell Web technologies. New vocabulary:
gopher (n.): chuột túi, sóc túi má
prototype (n.): người (vật) đầu tiên, nguyên mẫu
implementation (n.): sự thi hành, sự thực hiện đầy đủ, sự bổ sung
operational (adj.): thuộc hoạt động, thao tác; có thể có hiệu lực
1. The World Wide Web was developed by
A. an American B. a British C. a Canadian D. a French
2. The word "multiple" in the reading means ____.
A. plural B. single C. only D. numerous
3. Which word in the reading means "the instructions which control what a computer does; computer
programs"?
A. version B. software C. technology D. concept
4. Which word means "a connection that allows you to move easily between two computer documents or two
pages on the Internet"?
A. graphic B. datum C. project D. hyperlink
5. The scientist who developed the World Wide Web was majoring in
A. math and physics B. math and computer
C. computer and physics D. math, physics and computer
6. Which sentence below is not correct?
A Timothy Berners Lee spoke English very well
B. Timothy Berners-Lee was born in Geneva, Switzerland
C. Timothy Berners-Lee was the first person to develop WWW.
D. Some existing ideas were combined into a single system by him.
7. What did "Netscape Communications Corporation" do?
A to develop www B. to use data on the Internet
C. to control the computer D. to build and sell Web technologies
8. Which sentence is not correct?
A. "Hypertext" means "a way of joining a word or image to another page, document, etc. on the
Internet or in another computer program so that you can move from one to the other easily".
B. Berners-Lee had begun working with hypertext in the early 1980s.
C. An early prototype implementation of the Web became operational at CERN in 1989.
D. The idea slowly spread to universities in the rest of the world.
9. Who researched and extended Web technology?
A. The European Organization for Nuclear Research
B. Timothy Berners-Lee
C. Marc Andreessen
D. Groups at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign
10. Which sentence is not correct?
A. Mosaic was one of the scientists who developed WWW.
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B. The first browser that was used at many sites was developed in 1993.
C. Each version was designed to be used with a particular working system.
D. Researchers built numerous versions of Mosaic to allow the Web to be accessed from a wide
variety of computer systems.
D. WRITING
I. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given
sentence.
1. "Please turn down the music. I'm trying to concentrate on my work." said Helen to her naughty brother.
Helen asked
_________________________________________________________________________
2. There isn't any lump of sugar left and we've got three important guests arriving in the next five minutes.
We are completely
____________________________________________________________________
3. Just thinking about his torn shirt after fighting with the fierce dog makes me burst into laughter.
The very
____________________________________________________________________________
4. Jack will only give in to the maths problem if the time's up.
Only if
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Benn's very hard - working but I won't give him this project.
Hard-working
________________________________________________________________________
6. She said that she had won the scholarship as a result of pure luck.
She attributed
________________________________________________________________________
7. They have been working in this conical hat workshop for 2 years now.
It
_________________________________________________________________________________
_
8. It's no good crying over spilt milk, the bike's already been stolen.
There's no
__________________________________________________________________________
II. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given
sentence.
1. I am determined to put in for that certificate for all that volunteer work I've done for this event though it
seems hard.
Hard
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. I have never tried those spicy Indian foods by hand before.
This
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Thanks to her tough methods, we could work things out properly in the end.
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Had it
______________________________________________________________________________
4. It was her bliss ignorance that kept her stay free of stress in life and live her life to the best.
Had
________________________________________________________________________________
5. It's more than 2 years since anyone heard of Julia.
Julia
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. We were taken aback by her incredible memory, we couldn't give her the first prize.
Taken aback
_________________________________________________________________________
7. The deadline for the receipt of this job application form is on August 8th.
This job application
___________________________________________________________________
8. Johnny is more intelligent than any other guy in his department.
Johnny is
____________________________________________________________________________
Ill. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first.
1. It's nearly twenty years since my father saw his brother.
My father
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Although he was seriously ill, he was determined to finish his work.
In spite of
___________________________________________________________________________
3. When did you last ride a bike?
How long
___________________________________________________________________________
4. People say that this novel was written by a very young author.
This novel
___________________________________________________________________________
5. We haven't been to London since 1998.
The last
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. My wait in the queue has lasted forty minutes so far.
I
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. I have not seen a more wonderful building anywhere.
Nowhere
____________________________________________________________________________
8. The trip was so interesting that we couldn't forget it.
It
_________________________________________________________________________________
_
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9. Because of the heavy rain, they couldn't go for a picnic last weekend.
Because
_____________________________________________________________________________
10. I've never seen such a bad film as that one.
That's
______________________________________________________________________________
TEST 2
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. media B. network C. website D. connect
2. A. attitude B. advent C. advantage D. mass
3. A. subscribe B. connect C. documentary D. efficient
4. A. effective B. efficient C. expand D. tablet
5. A. data B. programme C. instant D. drama
6. A. cinema B. concert C. social D. advancement
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. media B. cartoon C. series D. radio
2. A. photograph B. programme C. entertain D. channel
3. A. video B. television C. theatre D. information
4. A. deliver B. visual C. different D. common
5. A. provide B. listen C. receive D. believe
6. A. partner B. something C. classmate D. discuss
7. A. national B. Liverpool C. recommend D. internet
8. A. animal B. comedy C. importance D. different
9. A. unknown B. wealthy C. moment D. mountain
10. A. comment B. reading C. healthy D. lucky
III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. This place is a terrible mess! What on earth ____?
A. did you do B. have you done C. will you do D. had you done
2. And now for an item of local news. Hampshire police ____ dangerous snake which ____ missing earlier
in the week.
A. have found - went B. have found - have gone
C. found - went D. found - have gone
3. Pinterest is a very popular service, and the company's app is one of the most downloaded social media
apps ____ in the Google Play Store.
A. online B. available C. interactive D. dominant
4. Instagram lets users snap, edit, and share photos and 15-second videos, either publicly or with a private
____ of followers.
A. connection B. system C. network D. round
5. Today, more than 1 billion people use WhatsApp to communicate ____ their friends, loved ones and even
customers.
A. to B. for C. in D. with
6. This tooth ____ me lately! So I ____ an appointment with the dentist for Tuesday.
A. has been killing have made B was killing made
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VI. Complete the following sentences with "for" or "since", and the correct form of the verb in
brackets.
1. There (be) __________________ a phone message __________________ you.
2. She (be) __________________ off work __________________ Tuesday.
3. I (buy) __________________ something __________________ the new baby.
4. We (live) __________________ here __________________ 1994.
5. There (be) __________________ a prize __________________ the fastest three runners in each category.
6. She (worry) __________________ ever __________________ the letter (arrive) __________________.
7. She (be) __________________ out of the office ___________________ a few days next week.
8. He (work) __________________ in a bank ___________________ leaving school.
9. __________________ the party she (only speak) __________________ to him once.
10. I (not play) __________________ tennis __________________ years.
VII. Find the one mistake (A, B, C or D) in these sentences and then correct them.
1. You can go to the seven o'clock show or a eight - whichever suits you best.
A B C D
2. We can't go to Julia's party because of we're going away that weekend.
A B C D
3. Could I speak to whomever is in charge of International Sales please?
A B C D
4. I was just getting into the bath where the telephone rang.
A B C D
5. We knew a lot of about the topic already, but his talk was interesting nevertheless.
A B C D
VIII. Fill in each blank in the sentences with the correct word from the box.
subscribe addicted dominant web
media interact networking cyberbullying
1. For many teens, texting is the _________________ way that they communicate on a day-to-day basis with
their friends.
2. Video games, social media and mobile phones play an integral role in how teens meet and
_______________
with friends.
3. Social _________________ networks are a major resource for both small and big businesses that are
looking to promote their brands on the Internet.
4. You can go in this website to _________________ for free and download the episodes straight to your
phone, tablet, or computer.
5. Teachers can use social _________________ to help their students connect and collaborate on a deeper
level.
6. "Delicious" is a social bookmarking _________________ service for discovering, storing and sharing web
bookmarks.
7. When you enter into any social network site, you will be _________________ to those communities.
8. High usage of the Internet increases the risk of the being victims of _______________ or other cyber
crimes.
IX. Choose the word in the box to complete the text.
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TEST 3
Part I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. distributed B. used C. emailed D. copied
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36. I saw the interview while I was ____ through a magazine at the hairdresser's.
A. clicking B. picking C. flicking D. ticking
37. The tabloids completely ____ that story about Bruce Willis. It's not true at all.
A. stood out B. filed in C. made up D. turned over
38. In the early 21st century, with the ____ of mobile communication technology, the mobile phone has
emerged as a new and unique channel.
A. explosion B. explosive C. exploitation D. exploration
39. I'm amazed that the tabloids which are full of rubbish have such big ____.
A. headlines B. articles C. supplements D. circulations
40. A(n) ____ sends reports from a particular part of the world or on a particular subject.
A. editor B. correspondent C. columnist D. proprietor
Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
41. Each form of mass media has an important impact on society.
A. influence B. pressure C. affection D. role
42. The programme invited viewers to write in with their ideas.
A. people who watch the programme B. people who sponsor the programme
C. people who produce the programme D. people who edit the programme
43. Journalists can make mistakes, so don't believe everything you read in the press.
A. publications B. news bulletins
C. reference books D. newspapers and magazines
44. Face-to-face socializing is not as preferred as virtual socializing among the youth.
A. Direct B. Facial C. Available D. Instant
45. She thinks that unfortunately they may not understand the benefits of online information.
A. advantages B. points C. features D. amounts
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
46. The library reduced the number of print newspapers and magazines that they used to
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subscribe to.
A. increased B. decreased C. rose D. fell
47. Using social networks helps you keep in touch with friends and family any time.
A. put up with B. keep track of C. lose touch with D. catch up with
48. They had the volume turned down, so I couldn't make out what they were talking about.
A. reduced the noise B. increased the noise
C. limited the noise D. controlled the noise
49. Teenagers can become addicted to social networking if they can't control they spend online.
A. dependent on B. hooked on C. indifferent to D. exhausted by
50. New electronic devices have been developed to cater to users' ever-changing needs.
A. changeable B. unstable C. constant D. predictable
Part III. GRAMMAR
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
51. Linda only ____ the film after she ____ the book.
A. understood – read B. understood - had read
C. had understood – read D. understood - was reading
52. ____ you ever ____ on TV before you ____ in this reality show?
A. Had ... appeared - took part B. Have ... appeared - took part
C. Did ... appear - had taken part D. Would ... appear - took part
53. I wasn't sure how Belinda would react because I ____ her long.
A. didn't know B. wasn't knowing C. hadn't been knowing D. hadn't known
54. I wanted to say goodbye to Jerry, but he ____.
A. was already left B. already left
C. had already been leaving D. had already left
55. When we ____ to the airport, I realized that I ____ my passport at home.
A. got - had left B. got - was left C. got - left D. had got - had left
56. He ____ the umbrella in his right hand trying to keep his balance.
A. hold B. held C. has been holding D. has held
57. When I met Walters about two years before his death he didn't seem satisfied. He ____ no major book
since he settled in Uganda.
A. has published B. could have published C. published D. had published
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58. Throughout the campaign we ____ our candidate's photographs on the walls of public buildings, hoping
to attract women's votes.
A. have been hanging B. hanged C. hung D. have hung
59. Many of the people who attended Major Gordon's funeral ____ him for many years.
A. didn't see B. wouldn't see C. haven't seen D. hadn't seen
60. Seeing Peter's handwriting on the envelope, she ____ the letter without reading it. She has not mentioned
it ever since.
A. was tearing B. tore C. had torn D. has torn
61. We were both very excited about the visit, as we ____ each other for ages.
A. never saw B. didn't see C. hadn't seen D. haven't seen
62. What made you think he ____ in the Royal Air Force?
A. must have to be B. had been C. was being D. had had to be
63. Without turning my head in the direction of the gate I ____ a small object just under the fence.
A. spotted B. had spotted C. have spotted D. was
spotted
64. With just one exception, the report says, each of the trees that was cut down ____ very expensive
treatment for periods of up to ten years.
A. had to be under B. was under C. has undergone D. had undergone
65. They ____ married for two years or so when Roy enployed a very attractive Indian secretary in his
Glasgow office.
A. only have been B. were only C. have only been D. had only been
66. I know too little Dutch to have understood what they were talking about. What I ____ was that their boss
would be there the next morning.
A. did understand B. didn't understand
C. have understood D. could have understood
67. The driver ____ violently and managed to stop the car just inches from the body lying on the road.
A. was braking B. has braked C. braked D. had braked
68. A columnist ____ in writing a newspaper or a magazine.
A. believes B. concentrates C. responds D. specializes
69. A lot of residents had to ____ from the unexpected hurricane last month.
A. protect B. recover C. suffer D. save
70. The society tries to deal ____ young offenders ____ a variety of ways.
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A B C
sail but whose health problems forced him to leave us at Lagos.
D
84. He was in a great hurry and had no time to think it over. Otherwise, he had found another way out.
A B C D
85. The lung cancer mortality rate rose six-fold in males when mass media started covering the health risks
of
A B C D
smoking.
86. Although the first printed books appeared long before in China, the term “mass media" we use today
A B
was coined with the creation of printed media.
C D
87. I had also seen most of the episodes, but I still like watching them in class with no subtitles when I was a
A B C D
student.
88. The crime rate in this city has increased from ten per cent last year to thirty per cent by the end of 2009
A B
due to the influx of the gang element.
C D
89. The instructor advised the students what the procedures to follow in writing the term paper.
A B C D
90. Her father did not want her to make friends with Pete and Sally because they influenced on her badly, to
his
A B C
D
mind.
Part IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 8. Mark the letter A. B. Cor D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
91. A: What are you doing later?
B: ____ There's a program on that I really want to watch.
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B: ____
A. No, I wouldn't. B. No, sorry. I don't like movies.
C. Yes, I'd love to. D. I would like it.
100. A: Have you finished the presentation on mass media?
B: ____
A. I'll go for it. B. I'm on my last page. C. It's going to end. D. It's very long.
101. A: How many hours a day do you spend on the net?
B: ____
A. Er... Most of my day. B. Twice a week. C. As soon as possible. D. So far, so good!
102. A: Do you find it interesting to go to the cinema on your own?
B: ____
A. No, not at all. B. What a pity! C. Never mind. D. You're
welcome.
103. A: I think people nowadays prefer instant messaging and social networking to emails.
B: ____
A. I don't like emails. B. That's true! C. I'd prefer text messaging. D. That's
OK!
104. A: Do you like e-books?
B: ____
A. No, I prefer them printed. B. They're expensive.
C. No, e-books are good. D. I like them both.
105. A: What's your favourite TV programme?
B: ____
A. Sports news. B. It's time-consuming. C. It's costly. D. Daily newspapers.
Part V. READING
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Millions of people are using cellphones today. In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to
use one. In many countries, cellphones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones
are more than a means of communication - having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and
connected.
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The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professional worried.
Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use
of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone
companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof
that mobile phones are bad for your health.
On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use
mobile phones. Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern
scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious
memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own
son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working
week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer's
doctor didn't agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech
machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies
agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about. As the
discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it's best to use mobile phones less often.
106. The most suitable title for the passage could be ____.
A. Technological Innovations and Their Price
B. The Importance of Mobile Phones
C. Mobile Phones: A Must of Our Time
D. Advantages and Disadvantages of Mobile Phones
107. According to the passage, cellphones are especially popular with the youth because ____.
A. they keep the users in alert all the time
B. they are integral in daily communication
C. they are the only effective means of communication
D. they make them look more stylish
108. According to the passage, the changes possibly caused by the cellphones are mainly concerned with
____.
A. the smallest units of the brain B. the central unit of the brain
C. the structure of the brain D. the long-term memory
109. The words negative publicity in paragraph 2 most likely means ____.
A. information on the lethal effects of cellphones
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completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the
participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage
particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has
agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality” to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell
good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama."
111. In the first line, the writer says “it is claimed” because ____.
A. he wants to distance himself from the statement
B. he totally disagrees with the statement
C. everybody except the writer agrees with the statement
D. he wants to emphasize that it is his own claim
112. The word demeaning in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. valueless B. humiliating C. despising D. diminishing
113. According to the passage, Reality TV appeals to some because ____.
A. it uses exotic locations
B. it shows eligible men dating women
C. it can turn ordinary people into celebrities
D. it shows average people in exceptional circumstances
114. According to the passage, the program “Pop Idol” ____.
A. is more likely to turn its participants into celebrities than Big Brother
B. turns all participants into celebrities
C. is a dating show
D. is less likely to turn participants into celebrities than Big Brother
115. Producers choose the participants ____.
A. to make an imaginary world B. on the ground of talent
C. to create conflict among other things D. only for special-living-environment shows
116. The term “reality television” is inaccurate ____.
A. for talent and performance programs B. for special-living-environment program
C. for all programs D. for Big Brother and Survivor
117. The word fabricated in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. real B. imaginative C . imaginary D. isolated
118. Which of the following in NOT true according to the passage?
A. Shows like Survivor have good narratives.
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D. He had quitted all other outdoor activities before he became addicted to social networks.
135. As long as you stay calm, you have nothing to fear from the talk show.
A. You have remained calm for a long time in spite of your fear of the talk show.
B. Talk shows are only intimidating for people who are not extremely calm.
C. Provided you do not get nervous, the talk show won't go badly for you.
D. Even if you are afraid of the talk show, it is important not to express it.
136. Had she read the reference books, she would have been able to finish the test.
A. If she had read the reference books, she could finish the test.
B. Not having read the reference books, she couldn't finish the test.
C. Although she didn't read the reference books, she was able to finish the test.
D. Because she read the reference books, she was able to finish the test.
137. “Jim, why don't you open a new account on Facebook or Twitter?” said Jane.
A. Jane suggested Jim opened a new account on Facebook or Twitter.
B. Jane suggested Jim opens a new account on Facebook or Twitter.
C. Jane suggested Jim should open a new account on Facebook or Twitter.
D. Jane suggested Jim to open a new account on Facebook or Twitter.
138. This music concert wouldn't have been possible without your sponsorship.
A. If you didn't sponsor, this music concert wouldn't have been possible.
B. Your sponsorship made it possible for this music concert to take place.
C. If it had been for your sponsorship, this music concert wouldn't have been possible.
D. It's possible that your sponsorship made this music concert impossible.
139. The New York Times reports that Brad was awarded the first prize.
A. It's reported that Brad wins the first prize.
B. It's reported that Brad to be awarded the first prize.
C. Brad is reported to have been awarded the first prize.
D. The first prize is reported to award to Brad.
140. If I had known about their wedding plan earlier, I would have been able to make time to attend the
reception party.
A. I knew their wedding would be planned earlier so I made some time to attend the reception party.
B. I wish I had known their wedding plan sooner so that I could arrange time to attend the reception
party.
C. I don't know their wedding plan earlier so I can't make time to attend the reception party.
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D. When I knew their wedding party, it was too late to attend the reception party.
141. The horror film didn't come up to our expectations.
A. The horror film fell short of our expectations.
B. We expected the horror film to end more abruptly.
C. We expected the horror film to be more boring.
D. The horror film was as good as we expected.
142. No sooner had I turned on my new PC than there was a strange noise.
A. As soon as there was a strange noise, I turned on my new PC.
B. Scarcely had I turned on my new PC when there was a strange noise.
C. Hardly I had turned on my new PC, there was a strange noise.
D. I had hardly turned on my new PC than there was a strange noise.
143. By the time Pete telephoned me, I had already finished updating my social networking profile.
A. Pete telephoned me while I was updating my social networking profile.
B. Pete telephoned me after I had already finished updating my social networking profile.
C. Hardly I had finished updating my social networking profile when Pete telephoned me.
D. When Pete telephoned me, I finished updating my social networking profile.
144. It was the first time she had ever seen such a moving documentary,
A. She had never seen a moving documentary before.
B. She had seen such a moving documentary for a long time.
C. She had never seen a more moving documentary than this before.
D. The first time she saw such a moving documentary was a long time ago
145. I was not in the mood for taking part in a chatting forum.
A. I didn't want to join in a chatting forum.
B. I was not in a good mood then to chat to you.
C. Having a serious conversation made me moody.
D. I was in a bad mood because of taking part in a chatting forum.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Unit 5. CULTURAL IDENTITY
A. VOCABULARY
• assimilate /əˈsɪməleɪt/ (v): đồng hóa
• assimilation /əˌsɪməˈleɪʃn/ (n): sự đồng hóa
• attire /əˈtaɪə(r)/ (n): quần áo, trang phục
• blind man's bluff: trò chơi bịt mắt bắt dê
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Bài 3. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets, using repeated
comparatives. Choose the best answer.
1. He gets (+ boring) _______
2. This book is getting (- interesting) _______.
3. My daughter's English results are getting (+ bad) _______
4. This book is getting (- interesting) _______.
5. My daughter's English results are getting (+ bad) _______
6. Your room is getting (+ messy) _______
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Bài 6: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets, using repeated
comparatives.
1. He gets_______(boring). I can't listen to him any longer.
2. I didn't like this book at first, but it's getting_______(interesting).
3. My daughter's English results are getting_______(bad).
4. The boss will be angry with you. You arrive_______(late) at work.
5. In spring the weather gets_______(warm).
6. It's time you tidied your room. It's getting (messy).
7. Food is getting_______(expensive).
8. I think TV programs are getting_______(violent).
9. I find it_______(difficult) to see him.
10. She's getting over her operation. She feels_______(good).
Bài 7: Complete the sentence by using the bolded adjective in its correct form.
1. This is a nice cat. It's much______than my friend's cat.
2. Here is Sarah. She's six years old. Her brother is nine, so he is_______.
3. This is a difficult exercise. But that exercise is the_______exercise on the worksheet.
4. He has an interesting hobby, but my sister has the_______one in the world.
5. In the last holidays I read a good book, but father gave me an even_______one last weekend.
6. School is boring, but homework is_______than school.
7. Skateboarding is a dangerous hobby. Bungee jumping is_______than skateboarding.
8. This magazine is cheap, but that one is_______
9. We live in a small house, but my grandparents' house is even_______than ours.
10. Yesterday John told me a funny joke. This joke was the_______joke I've ever heard.
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Test 1
A. PHONETICS
I. Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern.
1. A. pressure B. whiteboard C. diverse D. present (n)
2. A. drastically B. distinction C. enjoyable D. dependent
3. A. identifier B. multicultural C. agricultural D. international
4. A. notification B. association C. competition D. participation
5. A. demolish B. syllabus C. industrial D. commercial
6. A. achievement B. encourage C. integrate D. tradition
7. A. computer B. socialize C. diversity D. facility
II. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. housework B. vision C. hospital D. classroom
2. A. diversity B. remind C. unite D. attire
3. A. burden B. curtain C. turtle D. curriculum
4. A. unity B. martial C. practice D. spirit
5. A. responsive B. content C. sector D. sense
6. A. benefit B. narrow-minded C. application D. non-profit
7. A. costume B. custom C. culture D. buff
8. A. evaluation B. facilitator C. guidance D. female
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Give the correct form of the verb in the brackets.
1. I (know) ______________________ him all my life.
2. They (live) ______________________ in that house for two years.
3. My brother (write) ______________________ three books.
4. She (not break) ______________________ her leg yet.
5. She (already break) ______________________ her arm.
6. I (see) ______________________ an elephant several times.
7. She (have) ______________________ that dress for ten years.
8. We (be) ______________________ here for hours!
9. The children (not finish) ______________________ their homework yet.
10. You (ever be) ______________________ to the zoo?
11. I (read) ______________________ that novel by Hemingway several times before.
12. How long you (learn) ______________________ English?
13. We (study) ______________________ almost every lesson in this book so far.
14. I never (eat) ______________________ snake meat.
15. Oh no! Someone (steal) ______________________ my bag.
II. Read the situations and complete the sentences.
1. It's raining. The rain started two hours ago. It _____________________ for two hours.
2. We are waiting for the bus. We started waiting for 20 minutes. We __________________ for 20 minutes.
3. I'm learning Spanish. I started classes in December. I __________________ since December.
4. Mary is working in London. She started working there on 18 January. She __________________ since 18
January.
5. Our friends always spend their holidays in Italy. They started going there years ago. They
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3. They were playing (funny) _____________________ games all summer long, but then came autumn and
each pig wanted to build a house.
4. The first pig was not only the (small) _____________________ but also the (lazy)
_____________________
of the pigs.
5. He (quick) _______________________ built a house out of straw.
6. The second pig made his house out of wood which was a bit (difficult) ____________________ than
building a straw house.
7. The third pig followed his mum's advice and built a strong house out of bricks, which was the (difficult)
_____________________ house to build.
8. The pig worked very (hard) _____________________, but finally got his house ready before winter.
9. During the cold winter months, the three little pigs lived (extreme) _____________________ (good)
_____________________ in their houses.
10. They (regular) _____________________ visited one another and had the (wonderful)
__________________ time of their lives.
VII. Combine the sentences, using DOUBLE COMPARATIVE
1. She studies hard, she will get good grades.
The ________________________________________________________________________
2. You rest much, you will feel better.
The ______________________________________________________________________
3. The weather is warmer, I feel better.
The _________________________________________________________________
4. We leave early, we will arrive soon.
The __________________________________________________________
5. We have much knowledge, we become wise.
The __________________________________________________________________
6. You are young, you learn easily.
The ______________________________________________________________
7. The hotel is expensive, the services are good.
The ___________________________________________________________
8. You use much electricity, your bill will be high.
The __________________________________________________________
9. I thought about the plan, I like it little.
The ______________________________________________________________
10. He is old, he learns slowly.
The _____________________________________________
11. She eats much, she will become fat.
The ______________________________________________________
12. She is older, she becomes more beautiful.
The ____________________________________________________________
13. You have much, you want more.
The ______________________________________________________________
14. I waited long. I got angry.
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The ___________________________________________________________________
15. I live far. I feel homesick.
The _____________________________________________________________________
VIII. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. The mass media has become one of the main instruments of political change.
A. less B. fewer C. tiny D. small
2. We ought to keep these proposals secret from the chairman for the time being.
A. lively B. frequented C. accessible D. revealed
3. Match the word in A with its appropriate definition in B.
A. indirect B. illegal C. improper D. unreal
4. What program do you dislike watching and why not?
A. fancy B. think C. imagine D. want
5. What are the differences among types of the media?
A. peace B. sameness C. likes D. need
6. Heavy rain causes floods all over the country.
A. light B. thin C. tiny D. trivial
7. Television can make us passive.
A. obtrusive B. enterprising C. energetic D. strong
8. It is an enjoyable way to relax.
A. incorrect B. improper C. hateful D. unpleasant
9. We don't have to think so our brain becomes lazy.
A. quick B. diligent C. hard D. good
10. The council demolished it.
A. made B. did C. started D. construct
IX. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. The President escaped through a secret passage underneath the parliament building.
A. answer B. hidden C. confidence D. basis
2. Which channel do you recommend to someone who likes animals?
A. suggest B. tell C. speak D. talk
3. Documentary is a film or a radio or television program giving facts about something.
A. things B. numbers C. truth D. news
4. What types of the media are the most and the least important to you?
A. successful B. significant C. Wonderful D. attractive
5. Listen to the two radio news stories and check the right column under News story 1 and News story 2.
A. honest B. honorable C. good D. precise
6. Television can make things more memorable because it presents information in a more effective way.
A. clever B. expensive C. successful D. pretty
7. Some television programs may make people violent.
A. rapid B. insane C. extreme D. good
8. Television also interferes with family life and communication.
A. conflicts B. comes C. goes D. chats
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16. You must drive slower in built up areas. ____ you drive in the city, it is ____ that you will have an
accident.
A. The faster and faster/the more
B. The faster/the more probable
C. The more and more fast/the more and more probable
D. The more fastly/the probable
17. The party was ____ I had expected
A. more a hundred times funny than B. a hundred times funny more than
C. a hundred times funnier than D. a hundred times more funny than
18. He finds physics ____ other science subjects.
A. far more difficult than B. many more difficult than
C. too much more difficult than D. more much difficult than
19. Combining physical activity with a healthy diet is the best way to a ____ healthy body weight
A. provide B. support C. maintain D. express
20. Each ethnic group has its own cultural identities, thus, the Vietnamese culture has both ____ and unity.
A. difference B. variety C. similarity D. diversity
21. ____ he drank, ____ he became.
A. More/more violent B. The most/the most violent
C. The more/the more violent D. The less/less violent
22. Mary was ____ of the two sisters.
A. the clever B. as clever as C. the cleverer D. the cleverest
23. Culture is the lens with which we evaluate everything around us; we ____ what is proper or improper,
normal or abnormal, through our culture.
A. express B. evaluate C. calculate D. signal
24. In some parts of the country, prices are ____ than in others.
A. high B. more and more high C. the highest D. higher and higher
25. French is a ____ language to learn than English is.
A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. more and more difficult
C. READING
I. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
Travelling is a great thing to do. It helps us learn about different people and different places. Some
people travel because they want to see nature. Others travel because they want to make friends and try great
food. Of course, a lot of tourists are interested in (1) ____ culture.
Tourism can be very good for traditional cultures. This is because when people travel to (2) ____
country, they often want to learn more about that country's traditions, such as music, food, and history.
Therefore, the local people in that country will keep their traditional culture (3) ____. They will wear
traditional clothing, and sell traditional food. They will also have shows for tourists. These shows can be (4)
____, concerts, plays, or something else.
Tourism also helps people respect each other. If you understand another culture well, you will
probably respect that culture much more. You will probably want to (5) ____ that culture as well.
However, tourism is not always good for traditional culture. Many people say that tourism creates
"fake traditional culture". This means that the local people wear traditional (6) ____, and do traditional
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dances only for tourists, but that is not their real lifestyle. Their real lifestyles are similar (7) ____ the tourists
lifestyle. They are just pretending because they want to make money.
Another problem is that tourists can interfere with the local people's lives. For example, sometimes
tourists come to watch local people praying in temples. While the local people pray, tourists take
photographs and make noise. This often bothers the local people. Sometimes tourists also damage local sites.
If 500 people enter an (8) ____ temple every day, they may damage that temple.
No matter (9) ____, more and more tourists want to learn about traditional cultures. Most local
people want more tourism, because tourists bring money and help local businesses. Tourists have to respect
local culture and places. Local governments have to make laws that protect places and lifestyles. If everyone
is responsible, then tourism will be (10) ____ for traditional cultures.
1. A. ideal B. traditional C. regular D. new
2. A. other B. others C. one D. another
3. A. alive B. clean C. beautiful D. luxury
4. A. dances B. foundations C. establishment D. fact
5. A. work B. train C. protect D. prevent
6. A. shows B. costumes C. acts D. symbolizes
7. A. with B. for C. by D. to
8. A. ancient B. attractive C. impressive D. famous
9. A. what B. how C. that D. when
10. A. big B. large C. great D. nice
II. Fill in the blank with a suitable word in the box.
encountered foundation influence code belief
practising principles represents embrace Traditions
The definition of cultural identity, in its most basic form, is a sense of belonging. This includes a
shared sense of companionship, beliefs, interests and basic (1) ____________________ of living. When a
person identifies with their culture, they often (2) ____________________ traditions that have been passed
down through the years. The cultural identity links a person to their heritage, and it can help them to identify
with others who have the same traditions and basic (3) ____________________ systems.
Some people claim that a person's cultural identity is the (4) ____________________ or groundwork
on which every other aspect of their being is built. It is the cornerstone of what makes them who they are.
Following one's culture often means (5) ____________________ a specific religion, wearing a certain type
of clothing or something else that (6) ____________________ their culture. It creates an outward visible
means of identifying that person as part of a particular culture or nationality.
The Aboriginal tribes of Australia and New Zealand are excellent examples of this. Many tribes still
live and behave as they did when they first (7) _____________________ white civilization. They hunt,
dress, celebrate and live their lives as if no one has ever attempted to (8) _____________________ them.
They follow a tribal form of government and also stick to a strict (9) ____________________ of ethics both
in tribal and family life. (10) ____________________ are often passed down from generation to generation
and have been in existence for hundreds of years.
III. Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions.
UNDERSTANDING INDIA'S CASTE SYSTEM
It has been said that life is what we make of it. In other words, if we work hard and focus on our
goals, we can have great careers and enjoy high status is society. However, these opportunities don't exist for
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everyone. In some places, the family you are born into will decide almost everything about your life. India's
caste system is an example of this.
The caste system is a major part of the Hindu religion that has existed for thousands of years. It is a
way of organizing and grouping people based on the occupation of the family. Castes will determine whom
people can socialize with and their place in society. Originally, a person's caste was supposed to be
determined by their personality, but over time it has been linked to their job and family.
There are four classes, also known as varnas, in India's caste system. The highest one is Brahmin.
People in this class have jobs in education and religion. These are seen as extremely important functions for
the society as they deal with the knowledge. The second highest level is the Kshatriya, or ruling class.
People from this group can be soldiers, landowners, or have jobs in politics. The class beneath this is the
Vaishya. These people often work in the commercial sector as merchants. The fourth class level is the
Shudra. Shudras typically work as unskilled laborers doing factory or farm work, or they may also be
employed as artists.
There is another group, the Harijan, that is at the bottom and considered to be outside of the caste
system. For many years, they were known as Untouchables, people from this caste held the most undesirable
jobs in society, such as cleaning up garbage. Furthermore, they weren't allowed to pray at public temples or
drink water from the same wells as other classes. If someone from another caste came into contact with an
Untouchable, they were considered dirty and would be expected to bathe vigorously to clean themselves,
Although the caste system still exists in India, the government is taking steps to improve the living
conditions and decrease unemployment rates for the Shudras and Harijan. This includes providing better
health care, offering literacy programmes, and making sure that people from higher social classes do not
exploit them. It seems unlikely that the caste system will disappear any time soon, but the overall conditions
for those at the bottom do seem to be improving.
1. Which of the following is not true about India's caste system?
A. The caste system has been used in India for a long time.
B. The Kshatriya is the second highest class.
C. Hard work helps people move up in the caste system.
D. It is possible that a Shudra would work on a farm.
2. The word "this" in paragraph 1 refers to ____.
A. the fact that your origin will mostly decide your future
B. the pleasure of life in India
C. the India's caste system existing for thousands of years
D. the major part of the Hindu religion
3. What is the caste system mainly based on?
A. What a person believes on B. When a person starts school
C. Who a person's parents are D. Where a person was born
4. What kind of job would a Brahmin likely have?
A. A priest B. A warrior C. An inventor D. A painter
5. What could replace the word "ruling" in paragraph 3?
A. defeating B. guessing C. delaying D. governing
6. All of the following are true about the Harijan EXCEPT that ____.
A. they used to be known as Untouchables
B. they had to do undesirable jobs in society
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C. any contact between someone from another caste with an Untouchable was considered
unacceptable
D. anyone from another caste coming to contact with an Untouchable is not allowed to pray at
temples
7. What does the passage suggest about the future of the caste system?
A. One day soon it won't be used anymore in India.
B. It is probably going to get worse before it gets better.
C. The bottom groups will rise to rule over the top classes.
D. It will likely continue to exist for a long time in India.
IV. Read the following passage and choose among A, B, C or D the correct answer to each of the
questions.
The custom of paying a bride price before marriage is still a well-established part of many African
cultures. In paying a bride price, the family of the groom must provide payment to the family of the bride
before the marriage is allowed. The bride price can vary greatly from culture to culture in Africa. In the Zulu
and Swazi tribes of southern Africa, the bride price often takes the form of cattle. In Western African kola
nuts, shells, and other goods are often used for the payment of the bride price. The actual payment of money
sometimes takes place, but the payment of goods is more frequent. The amount of paid in a bride price can
also vary. In modern times, the bride price is occasionally quite small and its value is mainly symbolic.
However, the bride price can still be quite high, especially among prominent or highly traditional families.
There are a number of justifications used to explain the payment of bride price. The first is that the
bride price represents an acknowledgement of the expense the bride's family has gone in order to raise her
and bring her up as a suitable bride for the groom. It also represents payment for the loss of a family
member, since the bride will officially become a member of her husband's family and will leave her own. On
a deeper level the bride price represents payment for the fact that the bride will bring children into the family
of the groom, thereby increasing the wealth of the family. This concept is reinforced by the fact that the bride
price must often be returned if the bride fails to bear children.
The payment of the bride price has quite a number of effects on African society. First, the payment of
bride price acts to increase the stability of African family structures. Sons are dependent on their fathers and
older relatives to help them pay the bride price of their wives, and this generally leads to greater levels of
obedience and respect. The negotiations between the two families concerning the bride price allow the
parents and other family members to meet and get to know one another before the marriage. Finally, since
the bride price must often be repaid in case of divorce, the bride's family often works to make sure that any
marital problems are solved quickly. Bride prices also work as a system of wealth distribution in African
cultures, Wealthier families can afford to support the marriage of their son, and thus their wealth is
transferred to other families.
1. According to paragraph 1, all of the following are true of the bride price EXCEPT ____.
A its amount and form can vary
B. its practice is occasionally only symbolic
C. it is a relatively new practice in Africa
D. it is generally higher among traditional families
2. Why does the author mention “the payment of money” in paragraph 1?
A. To stress that the use of goods in the payment of bride price is most common.
B. To demonstrate the differences in how rich and poor families pay the bride price.
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C. To illustrate how the practice of bride price has changed over time.
D. To demonstrate how expensive a bride price can be sometimes.
3. The word "prominent" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. educated B. important C. religious D. conservative
4. The phrase "The first" in paragraph 2 refers to the first ____.
A. marriage B. bride price C. payment D. justification
5. It can be inferred from the paragraph 2 that African families ____.
A. never see their daughters after marriage B. pay the bride price on the day of the wedding
C. place more value on men than women D. place great importance on childbirth
6. The author uses the word "marital" to indicate that the problems are related to ____.
A. money B. law C. marriage D. pregnancy
7. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Sometimes the bride's family has to return the bride price to the groom's for equal distribution of
wealth.
B. The initial negotiations over the bride price provide opportunities for 2 families to meet each
other.
C. Animals are not an acceptable form of payment when it comes to paying the bride prices.
D. Without having to pay the bride price, African men would not respect their family members.
8. Why are women often married to older men?
A. Young men lack the financial to marry.
B. The legal age for marriage is lower for women than for men.
C. Families are eager to gain the bride price from their daughter's marriage.
D. Women live longer than men on average.
D. WRITING
I. Use double comparative to complete these following sentences.
1. They are big, they fall fast.
The
________________________________________________________________________________
2. It is hot, I feel miserable.
The
________________________________________________________________________________
3. I look into your eyes much, I love you much.
The
________________________________________________________________________________
4. He got old, he became bad-tempered.
The
________________________________________________________________________________
5. He worked hard. He felt very bad.
The
________________________________________________________________________________
6. When we think of the exam, we get more and more excited.
The
________________________________________________________________________________
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Sophia offered
_______________________________________________________________________
2. "I won't ever go and live in that haunted house with him." said Lana.
Lana refused
_________________________________________________________________________
3. "I'll give the crazy dog back to you the moment your hand touches my door knob." said Haley to her
teenage neighbor.
Haley promised
______________________________________________________________________
4. "Don't let the child stay near the water, she might drown." Janet told me.
Janet warned
_________________________________________________________________________
5. "Please don't ever let go of my hand." said the little girl to her cute boyfriend.
The little girl begged
__________________________________________________________________
6. His optimism in his illness went beyond his family's expectation.
Never
______________________________________________________________________________
7. "Where did you go last night? I was looking for you." said Lan to Nam.
Lan asked
___________________________________________________________________________
8. The fire is believed to have been caused by an accidental crash.
People believe
_______________________________________________________________________
PART 3: TEST YOURSELF
I. Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern.
1. A. historical B. renovation C. traditional D. continuous
2. A. famous B. become C. relic D. passage
3. A. Confucian B. cultural C. architect D. festival
4. A. behavior B. brilliant C. existence D. impressive
5. A. establish B. impressive C. successful D. typical
6. A. educated B. initially C. wonderfully D. beautifully
7. A. memorialize B. university C. originally D. occasionally
8. A. laureate B. together C. engraving D. italic
9. A. achievement B. important C. following D. consider
10. A. tortoise B. between C. scholar D. doctor
II. Choose the best one (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentence or replace the underlined word.
1. The cuisine of France is ____.
A. more famous than that of England B. famous than the cuisine of England
C. more famous than which of England D. as famous than that of England
2. Earning money has always been the thing that pleases him most. ____ he becomes, he is ____.
A. The more rich/ the more happy B. The richest/ the happiest
C. The richer/ the happier D. Richer and richer/ happier and happier
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A. younger and more intelligent than B. more young and intelligent than
C. more intelligent and younger than D. the more intelligent and younger than
20. San Diego is the ____ town in Southern California.
A. more nice and nice B. the nicest C. nicest D. nicer and nicer
21. Unfortunately, her illness was ____ than we thought at first.
A. serious B. serious and serious C. more and more serious D. the most serious
22. Because they are a very close family, there is probably nothing that can break their ____.
A. share B. contribution C. solidarity D. group
23. It gets ____ when the winter is coming.
A. cold and cold B. the coldest and coldest C. colder and colder D. more and more cold
24. Studies show that children who are exposed to a more ____ community are more creative and tolerant of
differences, because these students learn how to resolve conflict more easily.
A. various B. similar C. differently D. diverse
25. There were a lot of people on the bus. It was ____ than usual.
A. crowded B. more and more crowed C. a bit crowded D. the most crowded
III. The word in brackets at the end of each of the following sentences can be used to form a word that
fits suitably in the blank.
1. In many circumstances, the attire is a ___________________ business suit, but it can range from a dinner
jacket to blue jeans. CONSERVATION
2. Shaping a stone tool is one of the oldest cultural ___________________, and it still takes great skill and
knowledge. PRACTICING
3. A positive attitude helps language students maintain their interest in learning long enough to
___________________ their goals. ACHIEVEMENT
4. When Helen moved to Japan, she had to quickly ___________________ a new language into her
vocabulary. ASSIMILATIVE
5. His ___________________ and attire suggested the seaman rather than a man of art. BEHAVE
6. His paintings were so unique as to require no signature for ___________________. IDENTIFY
7. Dying languages and urbanization are threats to cultural ___________________. IDENTIFICATION
8. When people of different cultures come together to celebrate and share their different traditions, it is an
example of a(n) ___________________ celebration. MULTICULTURAL
IV. Choose the correct answer.
1. Of the four dresses, I like the red one (better/ best).
2. Pat's car is (faster/ fastest) than Dan's.
3. John is (less/ least) athletic of all the men.
4. Does Fred feel (weller/ better) today than he did yesterday?
5. My cat is the (prettier/ prettiest) of the two.
6. This vegetable soup tastes very (good/ best).
7. David is the (happier/ happiest) person that we know.
8. This summery is (the better/ the best) of the pair.
9. Jim has as (few/ fewer) opportunities to play tennis as I do.
10. The museum is (the further/ the furthest) away of the three buildings.
V. Complete each of the following sentences, using the structure comparative + and + comparative
with the word in blackets.
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This is why heritage (8) ____ is so important. Heritage protection is a simple idea. It means (9) ____
your country's or your city's heritage alive. People do this in many ways. The biggest part of heritage
protection is probably preserving old buildings. (10) ____ other examples of heritage protection are making
sure your children speak your traditional language, and teaching your heritage to children
The world is changing very fast. This change brings a lot of good things. But as the world is
changing, it is important to remember the heritage of our parents and our grandparents.
1 A. diversities B. celebrations C. beliefs D. bases
2. A. cause B. heritage C. origin D. celebration
3. A. private B. own C. common D. public
4. A. so B. therefore C. although D. because
5. A. disappearing B. accepting C. requesting D. putting
6. A. lively B. live C. alike D. living
7. A. our B. its C. whose D. their
8. A. instruction B. protection C. position D. management
9. A. rejecting B. taking C. keeping D. turning
10. A. A little B. A few C. Many D. Some
VIII. Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions.
You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their
actions. This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to
them. Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to
others. But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does
in Madagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions.
According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understand
substantially the same "facial language". Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share a
set of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species.
Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far-flung
places as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland, Sumatra, the United States, Vietnam, the jungles of
New Guinea, and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle. Ekman and his colleagues claim that people
everywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness,
and surprise. There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity of
emotional displays the so called display rules. In many Asian cultures, for example children are taught to
control emotional responses especially negative ones while many American children are encouraged to
express their feelings more openi Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves, to
some degree in people's behavior. From their first days of life, babies produce lacial expressions that
communicate their feelings.
The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too. Very young children pay close attention to
facial expressions, and by age live, they nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's
faces. This evidence all points to a biological underpinning for our abilities to express and interpret a basic
set of human emotions. Moreover, as Charles Darwinpointed out over a century ago, some emotional
expressions seem to appear across species boundaries, Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certain
emotional responses carry dillerent meanings in different cultures. For example, what emotion do you
suppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while
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in China it can signify surprise. Likewise, a grin on an American face may indicate joy, while on a Japanese
face it may just as easily mean embarrassment. Clearly, culture influences emotional expressions.
1. The word "evolved" is closest in meaning to ____.
A. developed B. simplified C. increased D. reduced
2. Many studies on emotional expressions try to answer the question whether ____.
A. raising the eyebrows has similar meaning to rounding the mouth.
B. different cultures have similar emotional expressions.
C. rounding the mouth has the same meaning in Minneapolis and Madagascar
D. eyebrow raising means the same in Minneapolis and Madagascar.
3. Unlike American children, Asian children are encouraged to ____.
A. change their behavior B. conceal their positive emotions
C. display their emotions openly D. control their emotions
4. The biggest difference lies in ____.
A. how intensive emotions are expressed B. how often positive emotions are shown
C. how emotional responses are controlled D. how long negative emotions are displayed
5. According to the passage, we respond to others by ____.
A. looking at their faces B. observing their looks
C. watching their actions D. observing their emotional expressions
6. Young children ____.
A. spend a long time learning to read others' emotions
B. are sensitive towards others' emotions
C. make amazing progress in controlling their emotions
D. take time to control their facial expressions
7. The best title for the passage is ____>
A. Human Habit of Displaying emotions
B. Ways to Control Emotional Expressions
C. Cultural Universals in Emotional Expressions
D. Review of Research on Emotional Expressions
IX. Read the following passage and choose the best answer to each of the questions.
The difference between the nuclear family and the extended family is that a nuclear family refers to a
single basic family unit of parents and their children, whereas the extended family refers to their relatives
such as grandparents, in-laws, aunts and uncles, etc. In many cultures, and particularly indigenous societies,
the latter is the most common basic form of social organization.
A nuclear family is limited, according to Kristy Jackson of Colorado State University, to one or two
parents (e.g. a father and mother) and their own child, or children, living together in a single house or other
dwellings. In anthropology, they only must be related in this fashion; there is no upper or lower limit on the
number of children in a nuclear family.
The extended family is a much more nebulous term, but in essence refers to kin or relations not
covered by the above definition. In historical Europe and Asia as well as in Middle Eastern African, and
South American Aboriginal cultures, extended family groups were typically the most basic unit of social
organization. The term can differ in specific cultural settings, but generally includes people related in age or
by lineage. Anthropologically, the term "extended family' refers to such a group living together in a
household, often with three generations living together (grandparents, parents, and children) and headed in
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patriarchal societies by the eldest man or by some other chosen leadership figure. However, in common
parlance, the term "extended family" is often used by people simply to refer to their cousins, aunts, uncles,
and so on, even though they are not living together in a single group.
Historically, most people in the world have lived in extended family groupings rather than in nuclear
families. This was even true in Europe and in the early United States, where multiple generations often lived
together for economic reasons. During the 20h century, average income rose high enough that living apart as
nuclear families became a viable option for the vast majority of the American population. In contrast, many
indigenous societies and residents of developing countries continue to have multiple generations living in the
same household. The rise of the nuclear family in the modern West does not necessarily mean that family
arrangements have stabilized, either. The rapid growth in single-parent households, for instance, also
represents a substantial change in the traditional nuclear family. More couples are also choosing not to have
children at all. 1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The dominance of nuclear families over extended ones
B. The dominance of extended families over nuclear ones
C. A distinction between nuclear families and extended ones
D. The changes of family types over times
2. The word "the latter" in paragraph 1 refers to ____.
A. family unit B. relatives C. the nuclear family D. the extended family
3. Historically, extended families were the most basic unit of social organization in all of the following
places EXCEPT ____.
A. The Middle East B. Asia C. North America D. Europe
4. The word "patriarchal" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. ruled or controlled by men B. equal for both men and women
C. simple with no rules and laws D. modern with advanced facilities
5. According to the passage, single-parent households ____.
A. are not defined by anthropologists B. are the existing trend of family arrangement
C. are included in the term "nuclear family" D. are on the decrease
6. The word "viable" in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by ____.
A. impossible B. possible C. explainable D. fashionable
7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Since the 20th century, more and more American couples have lived in extended families because
of the financial burdens.
B. Nuclear families are the most basic form of social organization all over the world.
C. The popularity of nuclear families in western countries helps to stabilize family arrangement.
D. Traditional nuclear families have changed a lot over times.
8. What can be inferred from the reading passage?
A. Indigenous communities have been completely eradicated all over the world.
B. In the future, all extended families will be replaced by nuclear ones.
C. Anthropology is a science concerning human race and its development.
D. Couples with no children can't be defined as families.
X. Use double comparative to complete these following sentences.
1. She is mature, she becomes beautiful.
The ________________________________________________________________________________
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Test 3:
Unit 5. CULTURAL IDENTITY
Part I. PHONETICS
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other
three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. international B. nation C. national D. nationality
2. A. language B. massage C. marriage D. shortage
3. A. because B. nurse C. horse D. purpose
4. A. cultures B. customs C. ideas D. migrants
5. A. passed B. realized C. touched D. wished
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Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
6. A. anthem B. appear C. attire D. attend
7. A. unify B. unique C. uniqueness D. unite
8. A. assimilate B. diagnose C. festival D. scenery
9. A. diversity B. endanger C. geography D. opposite
10. A. circumstance B. considerate C. community D. identity
Part II. VOCABULARY
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
11. When it comes to diversity, language can be a bridge for building relationships, or a tool for creating and
maintaining divisions across differences.
A. assimilation B. distinction C . uniformity D. variance
12. The situation got out of hand when the festival organisers couldn't foresee that the mob would get angry
because they were stopped from taking the offerings.
A. hard to complete B. difficult to control C. impossible to find D. unlikely to happen
13. A number of practices at local festivals have come under strong scrutiny in recent years.
A. approval B. attention C. disapproval D. examination
14. Local people believe that the festival is an opportunity to teach younger generations about patriotism and
bravery.
A. heroism B.justice C. loyalty D. truth
15. A smiling Princess Anne was attired in an aqua-blue hat and matching jacket, with white top.
A. caught B. grabbed C. revealed D. shown
16. This is especially important in the age of globalisation, where countries face a daunting challenge to
preserve their own cultural identities.
A. intimidating B. delighting C. encouraging D. urging
17. The Indigenous experience, like with any form of belonging, is highly fluid and context-specific,
meaning there are countless examples of what such cultural pluralities can look like.
A. countable B. uncountable C. too few to count D. too many be counted
18. Steve Kootenay-Jobin, Aboriginal housing coordinator at Mount Royal University, notes that many
Indigenous students who move to the city for education, encounter culture shock.
A. avoid B. confront C. overcome D. wipe out
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19. Culture has been described as features that are shared and bind people together into a community.
A. divide B. engage C. force D. unite
20. Once you have been accepted as a pupil or student at the school or college, it's against the law for them
to discriminate against you because of your religion or belief.
A. judge B. neglect C. misinterpret D. expel
21. Changes in attitudes, family values, generational status can occur in both the majority and minority
cultures as the two interact; however, typically one culture dominates.
A. normally B. rarely C. specially D. uncommonly
22. Integration and assimilation can help reduce feelings of loss and grief as the migrant starts to incorporate
aspects of the majority culture.
A. disadvantage B. disapproval C. discrimination D. sadness
Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
23. They fear that with the enactment event taken off, the festival may fade away in obscurity.
A. darkness B. dimness C. fuzziness D. sharpness
24. Launched by the federations and foundations, Group's brands find local expression through the
promotion of social solidarity and culture.
A. division B. identity C. teamwork D. unity
25. Many ethnic groups find it hard to maintain their own languages.
A. continue B. discontinue C. preserve D. speak
26. The 21st century has witnessed the surprisingly increasing formation of multicultural societies where a
varying number of ethnic people stay together.
A. continental B. global C. universal D. worldwide
27. The custom of worshiping ancestors is a beautiful, rich, and colorful and joyful tradition in Vietnamese
culture.
A. blaming B. praying C. honoring D. respecting
28. He said he was only joking, but his comments were so close to the bone.
A. annoying B. offensive C. personal D. respectful
29. Hispanics are expected to abandon their heritage to live in the US.
A. adopt B. discard C. drop out D. withdraw
30. For this reason, many immigrants flock to this country in search for new beginnings and better lives.
A. crowd B. gather C. group D. spread
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31. Nothing valuable could come of a revival of the German martial spirit, better to leave it behind or bury it.
A. awakening B. destruction C. improvement D. population
32. Kootenay-Jobin says the cultural integration experience can be exacerbated by challenges such as racism
and housing.
A. increased B. improved C. provoked D. worsen
33. Cultural changes in identity can be stressful and result in problems with self-esteem and mental health.
A. anxiety B. confidence C. dissatisfaction D. modesty
34. Post-migration stresses include culture shock and conflict, both of which may lead to a sense of cultural
confusion, feelings of alienation and isolation, and depression.
A. disconnection B. loneliness C. sympathy D. unfriendliness
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
the following questions.
35. On a flip side, the world wide adoption of a couple of languages that have a large number of speakers has
A B C
led to the death of several less popular languages.
D
36. For conclusion, the death of local languages is an alarming development.
A B C D
37. Over fifty thousand English words have been deriving from the Greek language.
A B C D
38. It is important to understand the culture religion of the country that you are travelling to and a little
research
A B C
before you leave will help tremendous.
D
39. Linguists aware that a language becoming extinct does not necessarily mean that the people who spoke it
A B C
have all died.
D
40. It is our duty to critically examine the elements, which we must preserve, which will be maintained as
our
A B C
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C D
49. Individuals define themselves by nationality, ethnic, language, clothing and food.
A B C D
50. In forest worshiping, people worship the gods of trees and villagers sacrificed their lives to protect the
A B C D
village.
Part III. GRAMMAR
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
51. How long ____ Gerry?
A. has you been knowing B. has you know C. have you been knowing D. have you
known
52. How many times ____ New York?
A. has Charles been visiting B. has Charles visited
C. have Charles been visiting D. have Charles visited
53. She ____ French words for hours, but she still doesn't remember all of them.
A. has been learning B. has been learnt C. has learnt D. have been learning
54. My father ____.
A. has never smoked B. have never smoked
C. has never been smoking D. have never been smoking
55. Oh dear, the light ____ all night.
A. has been burning B. has burnt C. has burned D. have burning
56. We ____ Lisa recently.
A. hasn't seen B. haven't seen C. haven't been seeing D. haven't been seen
57. I ____ fifteen phone calls this morning.
A. has been making B. have been making C. have been made D. have
made
58. ____ anything so strange in your life?
A. Have you ever been hearing B. Have ever you been hearing
C. Have you ever heard D. Have you ever heared
59. You're red in the face. ____
A. Has you ran? B. Have you been runned?
C. Have you ran? D. Have you been running?
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82. Many parents afraid that their children are becoming less familiar ____ their traditions.
A. to B. from C. for D. against
83. Since moving to another country, some people decide to follow the customs of the new country, while
____
prefer to keep their own customs.
A. another B. other C. others D. the other
84. The best way to preserve your culture is to keep it ____.
A. alive B. living C. life D. lively
85. Culture helps people ____ to the world around them.
A. adapt B. change C. alter D. fit
86. A broad definition of ____ is when two separate items, each with different characteristics, come together
and blend.
A. assimilation B. diversity C. preservation D. urbanization
87. Many new immigrants have not yet assimilated fully ____ the new culture.
A. into B. with C. in D. by
88. Some people feel a strong ____ to keep their cultural identities.
A. craving B. pressure C. urge D. wish
89. The latest heritage at risk register revealed that 5,831 listed buildings, monuments, archaeological sites,
and landscapes in England are at ____ of being lost.
A. danger B. edge C. ease D. risk
90. The objective is to promote the role of inhabitants and communities in the development of a modern
architecture imbued ____ national identity.
A. against B. by C. for D. with
Part IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 7. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
91. Alex: “Thank you for taking the time to come here in person.”
Amy: “____”
A. It's my pleasure. B. I don't know what time that person comes.
C. I'd love to come. What time? D. Do you have time for some gossip?
92. Alex: “How have you been recently?”
Amy: “____”
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(116) ____ by and they continue to forget about their past and their natural traditions, their identity
becomes less and less (117) ____.
106. A. How B. Which C. Why D. What
107. A. institution B. foundation C. organization D. principle
108. A. relate B. relating C. related D. to relate
109. A. in B. for C. of D. to
110. A. especial B. special C. specific D. typical
111. A. find B. look C. search D. seek
112. A. by which B. how C. when D. where
113. A. long B. much C. soon D. well
114. A. any longer B. any more C. no longer D. no more
115. A. at once B. once C. one time D. for once
116. A. goes B. flies C. passes D. walks
117. A. pronouncing B. pronounce C. pronounced D. been pronouncing
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Modern life is characterized not only by the conveniences made possible by technological advances
but also by greater mobility in search of still greater opportunities. These major life changes,
however, expose individuals to many novelties in a new culture, which are the causes of culture
shock. Culture shock is a process through which most people who enter a new culture pass through
before they adjust to life in their new environment.
Culture shock begins with the honeymoon stage”. This is the period of time when we first arrive in
which everything about the new culture is strange and exciting. Unfortunately, the second stage
"rejection stage" can be quite dangerous because the visitor may develop unhealthy habits (smoking
and drinking). This can lead to the person getting sick or developing skin infections or rashes, which
then makes the person feel even more scared and confused and helpless. This stage is considered a
crisis in the process of cultural adjustment and many people choose to go back to their homeland or
spend all their time with people from their own culture speaking their native language. The third
stage of culture shock is called the "adjustment stage”. This is when you begin to realize that things
are not so bad in the host culture. You are becoming stronger by learning to take care of yourself in
the new place. The fourth stage can be called “at ease at last”. Now you feel quite comfortable in
your new surroundings. You can cope with most problems that occur. You may still have problems
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with the language, but you know you are strong enough to deal with them. The last stage of culture
shock, which many people don't know about, is called "reverse culture shock”. Surprisingly, this
occurs when you go back to your native culture and find that you have changed and that things there
have changed while you have been away. Now you feel a little uncomfortable back home. Life is a
struggle!
118. Which sentence best explains the main idea of paragraph 1?
A. Culture shock, experienced by people living in a new culture, consists of five basic stages.
B. People immigrate to other countries in search of better opportunities.
C. Modern life is characterized by many technological advances and greater mobility.
D. These major life changes are the causes of culture shock.
119. It is stated that the "honeymoon stage” ____.
A. is involved in developing healthy habits
B. is exciting with the new sights, sounds, language and foods
C. is the initial period of culture shock
D. got its name because everything is new and exciting for the newcomer
120. In paragraph 1, the word novelties probably means ____.
A. things which are new or unusual B. things which are difficult to deal with
C. things which have to do with novels D. things which are very young or recent in age
121. In paragraph 2, the word host probably means ____.
A. the dominant country B. the largest country
C. the newcomer's native country D. the receiving country
122. Which of the following is NOT true according the passage?
A. At forth stage, newcomers have overcome all problems in the new culture.
B. Immigrants may suffer from "reverse culture shock” when going back to native culture.
C. New arrivals in the second stage, "reject” the new culture by returning to their country or binding
even more with other people from their culture.
D. The "rejection stage” is the most difficult stage in the process of cultural adjustment.
Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
In the Native American Navajo nation which sprawls across four states in the American south-west,
the native language is dying. Most of its speakers are middle-age or elderly. Although many students
take classes in Navajo, the schools are run in English. Street sign, supermarket goods and even their
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own newspaper are all in English. Not surprisingly, linguists doubt that any native speakers of
Navajo will remain in a hundred years' time.
Navajo is far from alone. Half the world's 6,800 languages are likely to vanish within two generations
- that's one language lost every ten days. Never before has the planet's linguistic diversity shrunk at
such a pace. Isolation breeds linguistic diversity as a result, the world is peppered with languages
spoken by only a few people. Only 250 languages have more than a million speakers, and at least
3,000 have fewer than 2,500. It is not necessarily these small languages that are about to disappear.
Navajo is considered endangered despite having 150,000 speakers.
What makes a language endangered is not that the number of speakers, but how old they are. If it is
spoken by children it is relatively safe. The critically endangered languages are those that are only
spoken by the elderly, according to Michael Krauss, director of the Alaska Native Language Center,
in Fairbanks.
Why do people reject the language of their parent? It begins with a crisis of confidence, when a small
community finds itself alongside a larger, wealthier society, says Nicholas Ostler of Britain's
Foundation for Endangered Languages, in Bath. “People lose faith in their culture” he says. "When
the next generation reaches their teens, they might not want to be induced into the old tradition.” The
change is not always voluntary. Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by
banning its use in public or discouraging its use in school, all to promote national unity. The former
US policy of running Indian reservation in English, for example, effectively put languages such as
Navajo on the danger list. But Salikoko Mufwene, who chairs the Linguistics Department at the
University of Chicago, argues that the deadliest weapon is not government policy but economic
globalisation. "Native Americans have not lost pride in their language, but they have had to adapt to
socio-economic pressures" he says. “They cannot refuse to speak English if most commercial activity
is in English."
However, a growing interest in cultural identity may prevent the direct predictions from coming true.
‘The key to fostering diversity is for people to learn their ancestral tongue, as well as the dominant
language' says Doug Whalen, founder and president of the Endangered Language Fund in New
Haven, Connecticut. “Most of these will ive without a large degree of bilingualism” he says.
123. It is stated in the passage that the number of endangered languages is ____.
A. about 3,200 B. about 6,800 C. at least 3,000 D. fewer than 2,500
124. The word peppered in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. randomly separated B. slowly attacked
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D. Linguists find it is hard to draw the line between languages and dialects.
132. Cultural changes have never been as accelerated as they are now during the globalization.
A. Never before cultural changes have been as accelerated as they are now during the globalization.
B. Never before cultural have changes been as accelerated as they are now during the globalization.
C. Never before have been cultural changes as accelerated as they are now during the globalization.
D. Never before have cultural changes been as accelerated as they are now during the globalization.
133. Many immigrants do not want their children to suffer from not speaking dominant language well, as
they did.
A. Many immigrants do not want their children to speak dominant language as worse as they did.
B. Many immigrants want their children to speak dominant language better than they did.
C. Many immigrants want their children to speak dominant language as well as they did.
D. Many immigrants want to speak dominant language as well as their children can.
134. I think childhood is the best time to learn languages well.
A. According to my opinion, children are the best to learn languages well.
B. In my opinion, there is no time that is better than childhood to learn languages well.
C. My opinion is that we can learn languages well only in our childhood.
D. To me, there is no time that is as good as childhood to learn languages well.
135. People often mistakenly think that children can learn to speak only one language well.
A. Children are often believed to be able to speak only one language well and it's true.
B. It is often believed that children cannot learn to speak several languages.
C. It is not true that children can learn to speak only one language well.
D. It is normal to believe that children can learn to speak only one language well.
136. There are over fifty ethnic groups but we all use Vietnamese as the official language.
A. Although there are over fifty ethnic groups, we all use Vietnamese as the official language.
B. Despite there are over fifty ethnic groups, we all use Vietnamese as the official language.
C. However, there are over fifty ethnic groups, we all use Vietnamese as the official language.
D. In spite of using Vietnamese as the official language, there are over fifty ethnic groups.
137. There's no point in preventing people from shifting to a different language.
A. It is possible to prevent people from shifting to a different language.
B. It's useless to prevent people from shifting to a different language.
C. People will be prevented from shifting to a different language though it's hard.
D. No one wants to prevent people from shifting to a different language.
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D. Vocal guidelines and acting in daily activities are the ways of the life experience knowledge
transfer although different culture, language, facilities or economy level of the family.
142. We can't deny the potential influences of global communications on our cultural identity, as it will
become even more powerful.
A. It can be undeniable that global communications will become even more powerful in potentially
influencing our cultural identity.
B. It cannot deny that global communications will become even more powerful in potentially
influencing our cultural identity.
C. It cannot be denied that global communications will become even more powerful in potentially
influencing our cultural identity.
D. It hardly deny that global communications will become even more powerful in potentially
influencing our cultural identity.
143. We accept that changes are unavoidable. We will not allow everything to be wiped out, destroyed or
forgotten.
A. Accepting that changes are unavoidable does not mean that we will allow everything to be wiped
out, destroyed or forgotten.
B. Despite accepting that changes are unavoidable, but we will not allow everything to be wiped out,
destroyed or forgotten.
C. Rather than accepting that changes are unavoidable we will allow everything to be wiped out,
destroyed or forgotten.
D. We accept that changes are unavoidable, as we will not allow everything to be wiped out,
destroyed or forgotten.
144. People have given up their heritage, traditional beliefs and other aspects of their native culture. They
begin to lose their sense of self.
A. If people have not given up their heritage, traditional beliefs and other aspects of their native
culture, they will not lose their sense of self.
B. Giving up their heritage, traditional beliefs and other aspects of their native culture means that
people totally lose their sense of self.
C. Once people have given up their heritage, traditional beliefs and other aspects of their native
culture, they are about to lose their sense of self.
D. Whenever people have given up their heritage, traditional beliefs and other aspects of their native
culture, they are supposed to lose their sense of self.
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145. Thousands of languages are at risk of extinction. You know one of them, then teach it to others.
A. As long as you know one of thousands of languages that are at risk of extinction, then teach it to
others.
B. If you know one of thousands of languages that are at risk of extinction, teach it to others.
C. For you know one of thousands of languages that are at risk of extinction, teach it to others.
D. Whenever you know one of thousands of languages that are at risk of extinction, then teach it to
others.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Unit 6. ENDANGERED SPECIES
A. VOCABULARY
• biodiversity /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ (n): đa dạng sinh học
• conservation /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn/ (n): sự bảo tồn
conservation status /ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn ˈsteɪtəs/: tình trạng bảo tồn
• endangered species /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd ˈspiːʃiːz/: chủng loài có nguy cơ bị tuyệt chủng
• evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃn/ (n): sự tiến hóa
• extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ (a): tuyệt chủng
extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ (n): sự tuyệt chủng
• habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ (n): môi trường sống
• poach /pəʊtʃ/ (v): săn trộm
• rhino / rhinoceros /raɪˈnɒsərəs/ (n): hà mã
• sea turtle /siː ˈtɜːtl/ (n): con rùa biển
• survive /səˈvaɪv/ (v): sống sót
survival /səˈvaɪvl/ (n): sự sống sót
• trade /treɪd/ (n): mua bán
• vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ (a): dễ bị tổn thương, dễ gặp nguy hiểm
GRAMMAR
GRAMMAR
I. THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE (TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH)
1. Form (Cấu trúc)
Affirmative (Khẳng định) Negative (Phủ định) Interrogative (Nghi vấn)
S + will + have + PP ... S + will + not + have + PP... Will + S + have + PP...?
He will have finished his He won't have finished his Will he have finished his
homework before his mother homework before his mother homework before his mother
comes home. comes home. comes home?
2. Use (Cách dùng)
- Thì tương lai hoàn thành dùng để diễn tả 1 hành động sẽ được hoàn tất trước 1 thời điểm nào đó trong
tương lai (be finished by a certain time in the future)
E.g:
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8. I think that before I graduate I _______ a few exams, (will have taken/will take)
1. The _______ you worry about it, the less you'll sleep.
2. The _______ you work, the more mistakes you'll make.
3. The _______ we start, the sooner we'll finish.
4. The _______ you work, the more chance you have of promotion.
5. The _______ it is, the harder it is to get out of bed in the morning.
6. The _______ you stay, the harder it will be to leave.
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Bài 5: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words below.
better less
loud happy
hot merry
probable late
better safe
more fast
rich more
big hard
1. The _______ you study for these exams, the _______ you will do.
2. My neighbour is driving me mad! It seems that the _______ it is at night, the _______ she plays her
music!
3. He spent a year in Hue City and loves spicy food. The _______ the food is, the _______ he likes it.
5. Of course you can come to the party. The _______ the _______.
6. She will be really angry about that vase being broken! The _______ she knows about it, the _______.
7. He has four large dogs to protect his house. The _______ the dog, the _______ he feels.
8. Earning money has always been the thing that pleases him most. The _______ he becomes, the _______
he is.
9. You must drive slower in built up areas. The _______ you drive in the city, the _______ it is that you will
have an accident.
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The _____________________
Bài 9: Put the verbs into the correct form (future perfect or future continuous).
1. _______ (you / retire) by the time you're 60?
2. This time next year, I_______ (study) Maths at university.
3. Hurry up! The film_______ (start) soon.
4. There won't be anyone in the office. Everyone_______ (go) home.
5. Susan_______ (not work) at 8 o'clock next week. She'll be on holiday!
6. I'm only halfway through my homework. I_______ (not finish) it before the teacher arrives.
7. Do you think that Mike_______ (fix) the car by tomorrow?
8. Don't phone me before 8 o'clock, we_______ (have) dinner.
Bài 10: Put the verbs into the correct form (future perfect or future simple).
1.
Nam: Do you think everything will be finished when I get back from the office?
Hoa: Don't worry. By the time you get back, I (pick) _______ up the living room and (finish) _______
washing the dishes. Everything will be OK when your parents arrive.
Nam: I hope so. They (arrive) _______ around 6 o'clock.
2.
Huy: I just have two courses before I graduate from university. By this time next year, I (graduate) _______,
and I will already be looking for a job.
Hung: Does that scare you? Are you worried about the future?
Huy: Not really. I am going to a career counselor and get some advice on how to find a good job.
Hung: That's a good idea.
Huy: I am also going to do an internship so that when I leave school, I (complete, not only) _______
business courses, but I (work, also) _______ in the real world.
3.
Mai: How long have you been in Ha Long Bay?
Lan: I have only been here for a couple of weeks.
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8. Although conservation groups are working to _____________________ wildlife, natural habitats are still
being destroyed. PROTECTION
9. Due to poaching and civil war, the ____________________ of gorillas drops sharply. POPULAR
10. The dodo very quickly declined in numbers, and it was _____________________ by 1681.
EXTINCTION
III. Complete the sentences with the words from the box. Use each word once only.
dangerous conservationists survivors vulnerably extinction
survival biodiversity poaching endangered extinct
1. His condition left him ______________________ exposed to the slightest cold or cough.
2. People all over the world are working to help save endangered animals from _____________________.
3. Floods and drought are both _____________________ to humans and crops.
4. _____________________ are calling for additional measures with a focus on more effective management
of the habitat.
5. The government is sending help to the _____________________ of the earthquake.
6. By losing _____________________, we are losing the chance to discover new medicines that could end
the suffering of millions of people.
7. Do not purchase illegal products that come from _____________________ species.
8. Since 1600 about 500 species of animals have become _____________________.
9. Gorilla and chimpanzee populations in Central Africa continue to decline due
to _____________________,
habitat loss and disease.
10. To ensure the _____________________ of the world's animals, we must learn how to keep 'sustainable
populations' alive for the animals to _____________________ survive _____________________ on their
own.
IV. Give the correct form of the words in the following sentences.
1. The movie was (interesting) _____________________ than the one on TV.
2. We've got (little) ______________________ time than I thought.
3. This shirt is too small. I need a (large) _____________________ one.
4. Lan is (clever) ______________________ and (pretty) _____________________ than Lien.
5. She is (nice) _____________________ than I expected.
6. This was the (big) _____________________ farm I've ever visited.
7. Who between the two workers is the (good) _____________________?
8. This old machine is (powerful) ________________________ than we thought.
9. The farmers have never had a (rich) _____________________ harvest than that.
10. Which is (difficult) _____________________ English or Math?
11. It is the (expensive) _____________________ of the two cars.
12. Which is the (expensive) _____________________ of these two coats?
V. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. Hundreds of thousands of elephants were illegally poached and their tusks sold for profits.
A. conserved B. preserved C. captured D. hunted
2. When the forest disappears, so too will Indonesia's rich biological diversity be effected and disappear
forever.
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The group says its mission is "to halt and reverse the (8) ____ of our environment". Currently, much
of its work focuses on the conservation of three biomes that contain most of the world's biodiversity: forests,
freshwater ecosystems, and oceans and coasts. Among other issues, it is also concerned (9) ____ endangered
species, pollution, and climate change. The organization (10) ____ more than 20 field projects worldwide. In
the last few years, the organization set up offices and operations around the world.
1. A. non B. not C. no D. nor
2. A. challenge B. keeping C. conservation D. awareness
3. A. produced B. discovered C. used D. formed
4. A. supporters B. residents C. inhabitants D. citizens
5. A. as B. than C. to D. as to
6. A. generally B. individually C. commercially D. approximately
7. A. deposits B. donations C. refunds D. loans
8. A. destroy B. destructive C. destruction D. destroyed
9. A. on B. by C. with D. upon
10. A. goes B. walks C. reaches D. runs
II. Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.
When the word "endangered" is mentioned, people usually think of particular species, like the panda
or whooping crane. However, we would like to encourage you to think about (1) ____ in a broader context.
It is (2) ____, the physical places where species live and interact with one another. Although the
development of special breeding programs, also known as captive conservation, may help some species in
some cases, it is clearly not (3) ____ answer to the global problem. Indeed, (4) ____ we are able to protect
natural areas where endangered species actually live, they have no future.
Species become endangered for a wide (5) ____ of reasons. By analyzing and grouping many
individual cases, however, we find the same broad causes (6) ____ again and again. They are Habitat
Destruction, Exotic
Species, and Overexploitation. Among other factors threatening particular species are limited: distribution,
disease, and pollution. Limited distributions are often a consequence of other threats: populations confined to
one or a few small areas because of habitat (7) ____, for example, may be disastrously affected by random
factors. Diseases can have severe (8) ____ on species lacking natural genetic protections against particular
pathogens, like the rabies and canine distemper viruses that are currently devastating carnivore populations
in East Africa. Domestic animals are usually the reservoirs of these and other diseases affecting wild
(9) ____,
showing once again that human activities lie at the root of most causes of endangerment. Pollution has
seriously done harm (10) ____ number of terrestrial species, although species living in freshwater and
marine ecosystems are also suffering.
1. A. development B. endangerment C. pollution D. contamination
2. A. plants B. conservations C. habitats D. organizations
3. A. a B. an C. the D. Ø
4. A. so B. but C. if D. unless
5. A. variety B. commerce C. extinction D. destruction
6. A. expressing B. showing C. disappearing D. appearing
7. A. benefit B. reserve C. loss D. gone
8. A. impact B. interest C. infection D. absorption
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charge admission prices to help defray the costs of maintaining the parks, and they often must also depend
on world organizations for support. This money enables them to invest in equipment and patrols to protect
the animals. Another response to the increase in animal extinction is an international boycott of products
made from endangered species. This has had some effect, but by itself it will not prevent animals from being
hunted and killed.
1. The word "callousness" could be best replaced by which of the following?
A. incompetence B. indirectness C. insensitivity D. independence
2. The previous passage is divided into two paragraphs in order to contrast ____.
A. A comparison and a contrast B. A problem and a solution
C. A statement and an illustration D. Specific and general information
3. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Endangered species B. Problems with industrialization
C. The Bengal tiger D. International boycotts
4. The word "poachers" could be best replaced by which of the following?
A. Concerned scientists B. Enterprising researchers
C. Illegal hunters D. Trained hunters
5. What does the word "this" refer to in the passage?
A. Bengal tiger B. Interest in material gain
C. Killing animals for personal satisfaction D. The decrease in the Bengal tiger population
6. Where in the passage does the author discuss a cause of extinction?
A. Lines 5-7 B. Lines 7-9 C. Lines 10-16 D. Lines 1-3
7. What does the term "international boycott" refer to?
A. A global increase in animal survival
B. A refusal to buy animal products worldwide
C. Defraying the cost of maintaining national parks
D. Buying and selling of animal products overseas
6. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude?
A. indifferent B. forgiving C. concerned D. surprised
9. Which of the following could best replace the word "allocated"?
A. set aside B. combined C. taken D. organized
10. The word "defray" is closest in meaning to which of the following?
A. make a payment on B. make an investment toward
C. raise D. lower
V. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10.
Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming,
Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers
blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live
or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward
higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too
warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or
farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such
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as those found in polar and mountainous regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is
not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by
dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have
estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of
further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals.
Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly
enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming.
Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of
the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread
bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters
the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
1. The word "fragile" in paragraph 4 most probably means ____.
A. very large B. easily damaged C. rather strong D. pretty hard
2. The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates ____.
A. the water absorption of coral reefs. B. the quick growth of marine mammals.
C. the blooming phase of sea weeds. D. the slow death of coral reefs.
3. The level of acidity in the ocean is increased by ____.
A. the rising amount of carbon dioxide entering the oceans
B. the decrease of acidity of the pole
C. the extinction of species in coastal areas
D. the lose of acidity in the atmosphere around the oceans
4. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Influence of climate changes on human B. Effects of global warming on animals and
C. Global warming and possible solutions D. Global warming and species
5. Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to ____.
A. die instantly B. bloom earlier C. become lighter D. lose color
6. According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animalist tend to move ____.
A. south-eastwards and down mountainsides toward lower
B. north-westwards and up mountainsides toward higher
C. toward the North Pole and down mountainsides toward lower
D. toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher
7. The pronoun "those" in paragraph 2 refers to ____.
A. species B. ecosystems C. habitats D. areas
8. The phrase "dwindling sea ice" in paragraph 2 refers to ____.
A. the frozen water in the Artie. B. the violent Arctic Ocean.
B. the melting ice in the Arctic. D. the cold ice in the Arctic.
9. It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius degrees____.
A. half of the earth's surface would be B. the sea level would rise by 20
C. water supply would decrease by 50 D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become
10. According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer temperatures, ____.
A. they may be endangered B. they can begin to develop
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7. "I'll wait until you come back however long it may take." said his wife.
His wife promised
____________________________________________________________________
8. Although Jenny is small, she can push that huge table for a long distance.
In spite of
___________________________________________________________________________
PART 3: TEST YOURSELF
I. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.
1. A. chemical B. which C. change D. each
2. A. attitude B. survive C. introduce D. human
3. A protect B. commercial C. construction D. climate
4. A. endangered B. destroyed C. damaged D. provided
5. A. medicine B. priority C. crisis D. primary
II. Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern.
1 A disappearance B. vulnerable C. conservation D. generation
2. A ability B. agriculture C. development D. contaminate
3. A. current B. global C. crisis D. mankind
4. A. temperature B. serious C. awareness D. chemical
5. A government B. agency C. benefit D. diversity
III. Choose the best one (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentence or replace the underlined word.
1. Known worldwide by its panda logo, World Wildlife Fund (WWF) is dedicated to protecting ____ world's
wildlife and the rich biological diversity that we all need to survive.
A. a B. an C. the D. Ø
2. At the end of this month, we ____ here for ten years.
A. are living B. live C. will be living D. will have been living
3. Loss of habitat and increased commercial hunt ____ the number of chimpanzees from 2 million to
300,000 individuals.
A. reduced B. lessened C. weakened D. limited
4. Baby Komodo dragons will live on the trees from the moment they are born ____ adult ones can't climb
and eat them.
A. so B. therefore C. although D. because
5. Since ____ 1600s, worldwide overexploitation of animals for ____ food and other products has caused
numerous species to become extinct or endangered.
A. the/ a B. the/ Ø C. Ø/ the D. the/ the
6. By the time you finish cooking they ____ their homework.
A. will have done B. are doing C. have been doing D. have done
7. The more a car costs, ____ it goes.
A. faster B. the faster C. the more fast D. the more faster
8. The younger you are, ____ it is to learn.
A. easier B. you are easier C. the easier D. the easy
9. The world's biodiversity is declining at an unprecedented rate, which makes wildlife ____.
A. prosperous B. prefect C. vulnerable D. remained
10. ____ is the protection of environment and natural resources.
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In 1973, the United States government passed into law the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Its three
(1) __________________ goals were: 1. to protect plants and animals from extinction by listing them as
endangered; 2. to preserve the habitat of these species, 3. to help populations of listed species recover.
Because of these (2) __________________ efforts, many animals have been brought back from near
extinction. Here are three such success stories.
Bald eagle
It is fitting that we begin with the story of the bald eagle the American symbol. By 1963, its
population had dropped to fewer than 1000. Hunting was certainly a major factor in this decline, as was the
destruction of habitat. But the biggest factor was DDT - a chemical widely used in insect sprays - which had
a (3) __________________ effect on the eagles' eggs.
The 1972 ban on DDT was the single most important factor in the revival of the bald eagle. Bald
eagle populations are now carefully (4) __________________, and baby eagles are raised under human
protection later to be released into the wild. Thanks to these efforts, the number of eagles in the United States
has grown markedly and the birds can be seen in many national parks. In August 2007, bald eagles were
removed from the ESA list.
Grizzly bear
Another classic symbol of North America wildlife is the grizzly bear. Due to hunting and (5)
__________________ destruction, its present number is closer to 1000 Furthermore, because grizzly bears
have babies at a very slow rate it takes many years for the population to grow.
Most of the grizzly bears in the United States live in Yellowstone and Glacier National Parks. As
grizzlies are still protected by the ESA hunting them is illegal. As bear populations grow, it becomes very
important to prevent encounters between humans and bears. People living in grizzly bear habitats are
encouraged not to leave garbage lying around in case bears are attracted to the smell, and parks put up signs
warning people not to (6) ___________________ off the path. Visitors are also warned not to alarm any
bears they encounter.
Grey wolf
Finally, the grey wolf story is one of the most interesting tales of American wildlife. Traditionally
avoided because people fear them and consider them pests for killing livestock, grey wolves have been shot
trapped, and poisoned, even in nature (7) ___________________. By the time the grey wolf was declared a
protected species in 1973 only a few hundred remained in small areas of the country. Today, the grey world
population has been revived due to strong conservation efforts. The grey wolf is now listed as a (8)
___________________ of Least Concern by IUCN.
In 2006, the United States government declared May 11 to be Endangered Species Day - a day
devoted to raising (9) ___________________ of endangered species. With such positive steps towards
educating people on the importance of conservation there's reason to be (10) ___________________ about
the future of endangered animals in the US.
VI. Read the following passage and choose the best option for each numbered blank.
Nearly 200 of the 1500 native plant species in Hawaii are at risk of going extinct in the near future
because they have been (1) ____ to such low numbers. Approximately 90 percent of Hawaii's plants are
found nowhere else in the world but they are (2) ____ by alien invasive species such as feral goats, pigs,
rodents and non- (3) ____ plants.
The Hawaii Rare Plant Restoration Group is striving to (4) ____ the extinction of the 182 rare
Hawaiian plants with fewer than 50 individuals remaining in the (5) ____. Since 1990, (6) ____ a result of
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their ‘Plant Extinction Prevention Program’, sixteen species have been brought into (7) ____ and three
species have been reintroduced. Invasive weeds have been removed in key areas and fencing put up in order
to (8) ____ plants in the wild.
In the future the Hawaii Rare Plant Restoration Program aims (9) ____ collecting genetic material
from the remaining plants in the wild for storage as a safety net for the future. They also aim to manage wild
populations and where possible reintroduce species into (10) ____.
1. A. disappeared B. reduced C. increased D. developed
2. A. guarded B. invested C. conserved D. threatened
3. A. nation B. native C. national D. nationally
4. A. prevent B. encourage C. stimulate D. influence
5. A. wild B. atmosphere C. hole D. sky
6. A. so B. due C. as D. but
7. A. contamination B. production C. cultivation D. generation
8. A. derive B. vary C. remain D. protect
9. A. at B. for C. with D. on
10. A. shelters B. reserves C. gardens D. halls
VII. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
The peregrine falcon, a predatory bird indigenous to North America, was once in danger of
extinction. In the 1960s, scientists discovered byproducts of the pesticide DDT in the birds' eggs, which
caused them to be too soft to survive. The use of the pesticide had been 5 banned in the United States, but
the falcons were eating migratory birds from other places where DDT was still used. In order to increase the
survival rate, scientists were raising the birds in laboratories and then releasing them into mountainous areas.
This practice achieved only moderate success, however, because many of the birds raised 10 in captivity
could not survive in the wild.
There is now, however, a new alternative to releases in the wild. A falcon that has been given the
name Scarlett chose to make her home on a ledge of the 33rd floor of a Baltimore, Maryland, office 15
building rather than in the wild, and, to the surprise of the scientists, she has managed to live quite well in
the city. Following this example, programs have been initiated that release birds like Scarlett into cities
rather than into their natural wild habitat. These urban releases are becoming a common way to strengthen
the species. Urban homes 20 have several benefits for the birds that wild spots do not. First, there is an
abundance of pigeons and small birds as food sources The peregrine in the city is also protected from its
main predator, the great homed owl. Urban release programs have been very successful in reestablishing the
peregrine falcons along the East Coast. Though 25 they are still an endangered species, their numbers
increased from about 60 nesting pairs in 1975 to about 700 pairs in 1992. In another decade the species may
flourish again, this time without human help.
1. As used in paragraph 2, the word "spots" could best be replaced by ____.
A. places B. dilemmas C. jungles D. materials
2. According to the passage, where have the release programs been the most successful?
A. in office buildings B. on the East Coast C. in mountainous areas D. in the
wild
3. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. survival of peregrine falcons B. releases into the wild
C. endangered species D. harmful effects of pesticides
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D. When you want to conserve energy, you needn't go to school or to work by bus and turn off your
electric devices when you are not using them.
4. we/ dependent/ nature/ cannot survive ourselves/ without wildlife
A. As we are dependent on nature and we cannot survive ourselves without wildlife.
B. We dependent on nature and therefore cannot survive ourselves without wildlife.
C. We are dependent on nature and so cannot survive ourselves without wildlife.
D. We are dependent on nature and cannot survive ourselves without wildlife.
5. we/ engage/ individuals/ appreciate nature/ the relationship/ they have with wildlife
A. We should engage individuals to appreciate nature and the relationship that they have with
wildlife.
B. We might engage individuals for appreciating nature and the relationship that they have with
wildlife.
C. We must engage individuals to appreciate nature and the relationship when they have with
wildlife.
D. We need engaging individuals to appreciate nature and the relationship which they have with
wildlife.
IX. Complete the following sentence using double comparison.
1. The joke is good. The laughter is loud.
The better
___________________________________________________________________________
2. She gets fat. She feels tired.
The fatter
___________________________________________________________________________
3. As he gets older, he wants to travel less.
The older
___________________________________________________________________________
4. The children are excited with the difficult games.
The more
___________________________________________________________________________
5. People drive fast. Many accidents happen.
The faster
___________________________________________________________________________
6. I meet him much. I hate him much.
The more
___________________________________________________________________________
7. My boss works better when he is pressed for time.
The less
_____________________________________________________________________________
8. As he has much money, he wants to spend much.
The more
___________________________________________________________________________
9. If you read many books, you will have much knowledge.
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The more
___________________________________________________________________________
10. He speaks too much and people feel bored.
The more
___________________________________________________________________________
11. The growth in the economy makes people's living condition better.
The more
___________________________________________________________________________
12. People learn a lot of things as they travel far.
The farther
__________________________________________________________________________
Test 3
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A B C D
55. Do you realize that by this time next week we have been in Paris?
A B C D
56. I'm sure you will be glad when we finally will arrive.
A B C D
57. By the time we will arrive, everybody will have left.
A B C D
58. Looking at the schedule it says the boat will leaves at ten tonight.
A B C D
59. I know Jenny calls later and as soon as she does I'm going to tell her what's happened.
A B C D
60. The more time you spend on prepare for the test, the higher scores you may get.
A B C D
61. The more you practise speaking in your class, the more better you are at public speaking.
A B C D
62. The more better I study about endangered species, the more I worry about their extinction.
A B C D
63. The warmer the weather get around the world, the faster the polar ice caps will melt.
A B C D
64. The more renewable energy sources we use, the more better our living conditions will become.
A B C D
65. As people need more land to build houses, they cut down on more forests.
A B C D
66. The unemployment rate is getting higher, so that the crime rate is becoming higher as well.
A B C D
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
67. Rare animal extinction is one of the things that could have happened.
A. good B. best C. worse D. worst
68. We need to do this ____ than we are at the moment.
A. quickly B. the quickest C. more quickly D. most quickly
69. Mary speaks English better than her sister ____.
A. is B. Ø C. has D. can
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70. Looking after a kitten is ____ more difficult than I thought it would be.
A. far B. farther C. further D. father
71. Living in a big city isn't ____ interesting as I thought it would be.
A. less B. most C. more D. as
72. It has been a really bad journey, but I think the ____ is behind us.
A. good B. better C. worst D. worse
73. I'm quite disappointed in you as I know you can do ____.
A. bad B. better C. worst D. good
74. He arrived ____ than anyone else, so he had to wait more than an hour.
A. earlier B. more early C. early D. earliest
75. It is getting hotter and ____ every summer. I guess that is the result of global warming.
A. less B. more C. colder D. hotter
76. The meal was a bit ____ expensive than we expected, but it was very nice.
A. least B. less C. more D. most
77. I've never eaten such a strange thing ____ this before.
A. similar B. as C. same D. look like
78. By the time we get there, the film ____.
A. starts B. started C. will start D. will have started
79. If we don't protect these rare species, they ____ by 2030s.
A. die out B. will die out C. will have died out D. have died out
80. Next December, they ____ for twenty years.
A. will have been married B. have been married C. are married D. were married
81. By the time you come home, I ____ the decorating.
A. have finished B. will have finished C. are finishing D. finished
82. By the year 2050, computers ____ teachers.
A. replace B. will replace C. will have replaced D. have replaced
83. Jim and Laura ____ here for four years next June.
A. have lived B. will live C. will be living D. will have lived
84. This chess game is going to last ages. They ____ it until midnight.
A. won't have finished B. will finish C. have finished D. finish
85. ____ this book by the time it is due back to the library?
A. Will you read B. Will you have read C. Will you be reading D. Have you read
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pythons now living (116) ____ the Everglades, a solution to stop this invasive species is necessary. If
the pythons are left unchecked, there is a strong possibility they will wipe out a variety of species
(117) ____ for the functioning of the Everglades ecosystem.
106. A. but B. so C. because D. since
107. A. grow B. growing C. growth D. grown
108. A. length B. lengthen C. long D. longer
109. A. popular B. famous C. typical D. scarce
110. A. dead B. died C. death D. deadly
111. A. quiet B. quite C. quit D. quietly
112. A. prospect B. protect C. prosper D. protest
113. A. choice B. choose C. chose D. chosen
114. A. makes B. gives C. gets D. creates
115. A. try B. trying C. tried D. trial
116. A. over B. under C. in D. on
117. A. necessary B. necessity C. need D. needed
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
The Sahara Desert is the world's largest hot desert. The Sahara is in North Africa and is as large as
the United States. Many people think that an area like this has no animals or plant life, but they are
incorrect. In fact, the Sahara Desert has many different 'ecoregions’. Each ecoregion has different
plants and animals living there. The biggest ecoregion is called the 'Sahara Desert ecoregion.' In this
area, the climate is extremely dry and extremely hot. The landscape is sandy and dusty with many
high dunes. Because the Sahara Desert ecoregion is so hot and dry, there are very few plants and
animals. Scientists estimate that there are only 500 species of plants. This is not very much when
thinking of how enormous the region is. These plants include acacia trees, palms, spiny shrubs, and
grasses. The Sahara is also home to 70 species of mammals. Twenty of these are large mammals.
There are about 90 species of birds and around 100 reptiles.
The biggest threat to plants and animals in this environment is drying up. Because of this, plants have
the ability to recover their health after their leaves have dried out completely. Animals can lose 30-
60% of their body mass and still survive. Most animals do not get their water from drinking like other
ecosystems. Instead, they have adapted to get their water through metabolic processes. This is why
they can survive in a place like the Sahara Desert ecosystem.
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recent years, this has changed. Almost all biologists are concerned about the decline in amphibian
populations. They are worried not only because many amphibians may go extinct, but also because
these extinctions
will affect other plants and animals in ecosystems. They believe that the decline in amphibian
populations is a warning to humans to stop polluting and clean up Earth.
124. Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A. Endangered reptiles B. Endangered amphibians
C. Amphibian life cycle D. Amphibians and reptiles
125. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. The number of amphibians is decreasing rapidly.
B. The number of amphibians is increasing.
C. The number of amphibians is going up.
D. The number of amphibians staying constant.
126. In paragraph 2, the word noticed is closest in meaning to ____.
A. studied B. analysed C. become aware of D. started to work on
127. In paragraph 2, the word they refers to ____.
A. scientists B. humans C. animals D. amphibians
128. According the passage, which of the following is TRUE about amphibians?
A. First they live on land, then in the water. B. First they live in the water, then on
land.
C. They mainly live in water. D. They mainly live on land.
129. In paragraph 2, the word toxins is closest in meaning to ____.
A. poisonous substances B. tonic substances C. essential minerals D. essential
vitamins
130. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Amphibians contribute greatly to biodiversity.
B. All amphibians will go extinct in the near future.
C. A clean environment may help to protect amphibians from extinction.
D. Protecting amphibians is the responsibility of all people on Earth.
Part VI. WRITING
Exercise 11. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
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B. Baby sea turtles are the safest when they leave their nests and make their way to the sea.
C. Baby sea turtles are the happiest when they leave their nests and make their way to the sea.
D. Baby sea turtles really enjoy when they leave their nests and make their way to the sea.
138. He started donating to rhino conservation organizations five years ago, and now he still continues to
donate.
A. He donated to rhino conservation organizations for five years.
B. He has been donating to rhino conservation organizations for five years.
C. He will have donated to rhino conservations for five years by the end of next year.
D. He used to donate to rhino conservation organizations, but he stopped last year.
139. Animals become extinct due to both habitat destruction and poaching.
A. In addition to habitat destruction, animals become extinct due to poaching.
B. Animals become extinct mainly because of habitat destruction.
C. Animals become extinct mainly because of poaching
D. Neither habitat destruction nor poaching causes animals to go
Exercise 12. Mark the letter A, B, C. or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions.
140. People cut down trees for agricultural land. Wild animals have less natural habitat.
A. People cut down trees for agricultural land because wild animals have less natural habitat.
B. People cut down trees for agricultural land, for wild animals have less natural habitat.
C. Wild animals have less natural habitat, so people cut down trees for agricultural land.
D. Wild animals have less natural habitat because people cut down trees for agricultural land.
141. The government launches anti-poaching campaigns. Lives of many rare animals are saved.
A. Unless the government launches anti-poaching campaigns, lives of many rare animals are saved.
B. If the government launches anti-poaching campaigns, lives of many rare animals are saved.
C. If lives of many rare animals are saved, the government launches anti-poaching campaigns.
D. Unless lives of many rare animals are saved, the government launches anti-poaching campaigns.
142. People use pesticides and fertilizers. They want to increase crop production.
A. People want to increase crop production, so they use pesticides and fertilizers.
B. Unless people want to increase crop production, they use pesticides and fertilizers.
C. People want to increase crop production because they use pesticides and fertilizers.
D. People want to increase crop production, for they use pesticides and fertilizers.
143. Many elephants are poached. Their tusks are used to make valuable ivory objects.
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A. As many elephants are poached, their tusks are used to make valuable ivory objects.
B. Unless many elephants are poached, their tusks are used to make valuable ivory objects.
C. Many elephants are poached because their tusks are used to make valuable ivory objects.
D. Many elephants are poached, so their tusks are used to make valuable ivory objects.
144. A Komodo is called a dragon. It looks like a big lizard.
A. A Komodo is called a dragon because it looks like a big lizard.
B. A Komodo is called a dragon, so it looks like a big lizard.
C. A Komodo is called a dragon, for it looks like a big lizard.
D. Although a Komodo is called a dragon, it looks like a big lizard.
145. Komodo dragons are not endangered. They are considered vulnerable.
A. Komodo dragons are considered vulnerable because they are not endangered.
B. Although Komodo dragons are not endangered, they are considered vulnerable.
C. Komodo dragons are not endangered, and they are considered vulnerable.
D. Not only Komodo dragons are not endangered, they are considered vulnerable.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Thể sai khiến được dùng khi chủ ngữ muốn sắp xếp người khác làm điều gì đó thay cho họ nghĩa là chủ
ngữ yêu cầu, sai bảo, nhờ vả hay trả tiền cho người khác làm việc đó.
1. The active causatives (Thể sai khiến chủ động)
Chúng ta dùng thể sai khiến chủ động khi muốn đề cập đến người thực hiện hành động
Form: S + have + somebody + bare-infinitive .../ S + get + somebody + to -infinitive ...
E.g:
- I have my brother repair my bike. (Tôi nhờ anh trai sửa xe đạp cho mình.)
- I get the kids to carry the boxes. (Tôi nhờ bọn trẻ mang mấy cái hộp.)
2. The passive causatives (Thể sai khiến bị động)
Chúng ta dùng thể sai khiến bị động khi không muốn hoặc không cần đề cập đến người thực hiện hành động.
Form: S + have + something + past participle ... /S + get + something + past participle...
E.g: He had/ got his hair cut.
Ngoài ra, cấu trúc "have something done" còn được dùng để nói về điều gì đó xấu hay không tốt đẹp đã xảy
ra cho người nào đó.
E.g: I had my bag stolen on the bus last week. ~ My bag was stolen on the bus last week.
3. Một số cấu trúc câu sai khiến khác
a. make/ force
Form: S + make + O (person) + bare -infinitive.../S + force + O (person) + to infinitive...
E.g: My mother makes me go to bed early. (Mẹ tôi bắt tôi đi ngủ sớm.)
b. let/ permit/ allow
Form: S + let + O (person) + bare-infinitive.../ S + permit/allow + O (person) + to infinitive...
E.g: She lets her children play soccer here. (Cô ấy để cho/cho phép các con đá bóng ở đây.)
c. help
Lưu ý: Nếu tân ngữ sau help là một đại từ chung chung thì ta có thể bỏ cả tân ngữ lẫn to mà chỉ dùng mỗi V
(bare)
E.g: This policy will help (people to) get access to healthcare more easily.
Bài 2: Change the sentences into the structure "have + something + past participle" or "get +
something + past participle".
1. I washed my car. (have)
________________________
2. I cut my hair, (get)
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________________________
3. I typed the documents, (have)
________________________
4. I fixed my washing machine, (get)
________________________
5. I cut my grass, (have)
________________________
6. I painted my bedroom, (get)
________________________
7. I repaired my fridge, (have)
________________________
8. I tidied my garden, (get)
________________________
9. I edited the article, (have)
________________________
10. I cleaned the carpets, (get)
________________________
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Bài 6: Complete the sentences using the correct form of "have something done" and the words in
brackets.
1. We usually _______ (the bedrooms / redecorate) every two years.
2. Sarah isn't making her own wedding dress, she _______ (it / make) by a designer in Italy.
3. _______ (you / ever/ anything / steal) from your house?
4. He didn't fix his car himself, he _______ (it / fix) at the garage.
5. Your hair is too long. You need _______ (it / cut).
6. I'm going to do my food shopping online and I _______ (the food / deliver) to my house.
7. If you can't see properly, you should _______ (your eyes / test).
8. Are they going to paint the kitchen themselves, or _______ (it / paint)?
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TEST 1
A. PHONETICS
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. sprinkle B. slice C. versatile D. combine
2. A. algorithm B. threat C. thousand D. theory
3. A. garnish B. drain C. tender D. sprinkle
4. A. return B. repair C. resurrect D. response
5. A. garnish B. dip C. slice D. grill
6. A. hacker B. automated C. application D. navigate
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. ingredient B. tablespoon C. recipe D. benefit
2. A. business B. intention C. endangered D. extinction
3. A. ingredient B. traditional C. avocado D. significant
4. A. interfere B. understand C. resurrect D. estimate
5. A. cucumber B. delicious C. tomato D. nutritious
B. VOCABUALRY AND GRAMMAR
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_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
9. My mother has the gardener water the flowers every morning.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
10. Doris had her mother buy a new dress for her.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
11. Can you have your brother do this work?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
12. The family had someone paint the house for TET.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
13. She had someone translate the document into Vietnamese two days ago.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
14 I'll have someone make a new dress.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
15 You must have someone repair your computer next week.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
III. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. By inventing revolutionary new technologies, such a super intelligence might help us eradicate war,
disease and poverty.
A. exterminate B. illiterate C. erect D. generate
2. An Al arms race could inadvertently lead to an Al war that also results in mass casualties.
A. regeneration B. mortality C. devastation D. conflict
3. If a super intelligent system is tasked with an ambitious project, it might wreak havoc with our ecosystem
as a side effect.
A. an adverse effect B. a great benefit C. a positive effect D. some merit
4. Thanks to recent breakthroughs, many Al milestones have now been reached, making many experts take
seriously the possibility of super intelligence in our lifetime.
A. setbacks B. drawbacks C. landmarks D. commence
5. The door we escaped through had an automatic lock but we didn't know that.
A. manual B. hand-operated C. intentional D. preprogrammed
6. Al or Robots can easily adapt to each student's individual learning needs and can target instruction based
on their strengths and weaknesses.
A. familiarize itself with B. preserve itself for C. come to terms without D. stay
unstable
7. Artificial intelligence can be utilized in carrying out repetitive and time-consuming tasks efficiently.
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22. By ____ the housework done, we have time to further our studies.
A. taking B. to have C. having D. to get
23. Although it's fine for figures like Elon Musk and Stephen Hawking to raise ____ about the dangers of
artificial intelligence, the majority of computer scientists agree that these problems are far away.
A. existence B. problem C. awareness D. idea
24. Speech ____ is the ability of the computer to understand a human talking to it.
A. recommendation B. recognition C. acceptance D. realization
25. The government has had new houses ____ in the rural areas.
A. build B. built C. to be built D. building
26. NASA has had an autonomous spaceship ____ the universe recently.
A. exploring B. explore C. explored D. to explore
27. She is going to have her wedding dress ____.
A. cutting B. cuts C. cut D. to cut
28. Smartphones are a great example of the ____ of artificial intelligence.
A. application B. request C. programme D. relation
29. AI enables computers to do some things better than humans, especially when it comes to ____ very large
amounts of data quickly, efficiently, and accurately.
A. process B. processing C. procession D. be processed
30. It's about time you had your house ____.
A. whitewash B. whitewashed C. whitewashing D. to whitewash
C. READING
I. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage. Use only one word in each space.
ability adapt interpret arise trained
navigate artificial range diagnosis system
APPLICATIONS AND USERS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
A neural network is an electronic model of the brain consisting of many interconnected simple
processors. This imitates how your actual brain works. Applications of (1) ______________ neural systems
consist of vision systems, speech recognition, handwriting recognition and intelligent robots.
Artificial Intelligence is used to (2) ______________ and understand an image in industrial, military
use, or in satellite photo interpretation. Police use the computer to come up with a photo fit drawing of a
criminal, and doctors use the system to make (3) ______________ of patient.
Speech recognition is the (4) ______________ of the computer to understand a human talking to it.
There are many problems associated with this - humans have different accents, slang words, noise in the
background, feeling poorly (flu, cold, etc.). This means that the computer has to be (5) ______________ to
recognize the voice of the human. Honda CRV has the following (6) ______________ of voice commands
that the driver can use while driving - using the mobile phone, turning the temperature up or down, turning
the air conditioner on or off, asking the car to (7) _______________ using the satellite navigation system,
turning the radio on or off or up or down.
An intelligent robot has many different sensors, large processors and a large memory in order to
show that they have intelligence. The robots will learn from their mistakes and be able to (8)
_______________ to any new situation that may (9) ______________. An intelligent robot can be
programmed with its own expert (10) ________________. For example, a factory is blocked with fallen
boxes, then an intelligent robot will remember this and take a different route.
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II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
We won't have robot doctors for a long time, (1) ____ the human doctors we have now are beginning
to learn on specialized artificial intelligence to help save time.
Google DeepMind has just announced a partnership with University College London
Hospital(UCLH) which will explore (2) ____ artificial intelligence to treat patients with head and neck
cancers. The goal is to develop tools to automatically identify cancerous cells for radiology machines.
Currently, radiologists employ a manual process, called image (3) ____, to make CT and MRI scans
and use them to create a map of the patient's anatomy with clear guidelines of where to direct the (4) ____.
Avoiding healthy areas of the head and neck requires that map to be extraordinarily detailed; typically it
takes four hours to create. Google believes it can do the same job or better in one hour.
DeepMind, Google's research arm, works primarily in deep learning, a form of artificial intelligence
that learns to identify patterns from looking at large amount of data. In this case, DeepMind researchers will
(5) ____ access to anonymized radiology scans from up to 700 former UCLH patients, and then feed them
into (6) ____ that would process the scans to learn the visual difference between healthy and cancerous
tissue.
The partnership will (7) ____ researchers to train their algorithms with highly-specialized, high-
quality data, which theoretically will enable the algorithm to (8) ____ at a higher rate of success than if they
had been using publicly available scans.
For those concerned about machines making health (9) ____ decisions, UCLH made it clear in a
statement to the newspaper Guardian that clinicians will be in complete control of diagnoses and treatment.
DeepMind isn't the first care. Samsung Medison, the South Korean (10) ____ company's medical
device arm, recently released an ultrasound machine that uses deep learning to quickly recommend whether
breast tissue is cancerous or benign. The machine's algorithm was trained on 9,000 breast tissue scans, and is
pending FDA approval in the US.
1. A. what B. why C. when D. but
2. A. using B. translating C. expressing D. performing
3. A. judgment B. discovery C. segmentation D. identification
4. A. intelligence B. radiation C. level D. strength
5. A. grow B. ask C. repair D. obtain
6. A. limit B. distance C. algorithms D. arrangement
7. A. move B. allow C. sail D. stop
8. A. perform B. access C. adopt D. change
9. A. develop B. exist C. rise D. care
10. A. way B. method C. technology D. organization
III. Read the following passage and choose among A, B, C or D the correct answer to each of the
questions from 1 to 6.
FIRST TIME IN THE AIR
When John Mills was going to fly in an aero plane for the first time, he was frightened. He did not
like the idea of being thousands of feet up in the air. "I also didn't like the fact that I wouldn't be in control,"
says John.
"I'm a terrible passenger in the car. When somebody else is driving, I tell them what to so. It drives
everybody crazy."
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However John couldn't avoid flying any longer. It was the only way he could visit his grandchildren
in Canada.
"I had made up my mind that I was going to do it, I couldn't let my son, his wife and their three
children travel all the way here to visit me. It would be so expensive for them and I know Tom's business
isn't doing so well at the moment - it would also be tiring for the children - it's a nine-hour flight!" he says.
To get ready for the flight John did lots of reading about aero planes. When he booked his seat, he
was told that he would be flying on a Boeing 747, which is better known as a jumbo jet. "I needed to know
as much as possible before getting in that plane. I suppose it was a way of making myself feel better. The
Boeing 747 is the largest passenger aircraft in the world at the moment. The first one flew on February 9th
1969 in the USA. It can carry up to 524 passengers and 3.400 pieces of luggage. The fuel for aero planes is
kept in the wings and the 747 is wings are so big that they can carry enough fuel for an average car to be able
to travel 16,000 kilometers a year for 70 years. Isn't that unbelievable? Even though I had discovered all this
very interesting information about the jumbo, when I saw it for the first time, just before I was going to
travel to Canada, I still couldn't believe that something so enormous was going to get up in the air and fly. I
was even more impressed when I saw how big it was inside with hundreds of people!"
The biggest surprise of all for John was the flight itself. "The take-off itself was much smoother than
I expected although I was still quite scared until we were in the air. In the end, I managed to relax, enjoy the
food and watch one of the movies and the view from the window was spectacular. I even managed to sleep
for a while! Of course," continues John, "the best reward of all was when I arrived in Canada and saw my
son and his family, particularly my beautiful grandchildren. Suddenly, I felt so silly about all the years when
I couldn't even think of getting on a plane. I had let my fear of living stop me from seeing the people I love
most in the world. I can visit my son and family as often as I like now!"
1. Why did John Mills fly in an aero plane?
A. He wanted to go on holiday. B. He wanted to try it.
C. He wanted to see his family. D. He had to travel on business.
2. Why did John read about aero plane?
A. He wanted to know how they work. B. It was his hobby
C. It made him feel safer. D. He had found a book on them.
3. What happened when he saw the jumbo jet for the first time?
A. He felt much safer. B. He liked the shape of it.
C. He couldn't believe how big it was. D. He thought the wings were very small
4. How did John feel when the aero plane was taking off?
A. excited B. happy C. sad D. frightened
5. What surprised John most about the flight?
A. That he liked the food. B. That he was able to sleep.
C. That there was a movie being shown. D. That the view was good.
6. How did John feel about his fears in the end?
A. He thought he had wasted time being afraid.
B. He realized it was okay to be afraid.
C. He hoped his grandchildren weren't afraid of flying.
D. He realized that being afraid kept him safe.
IV. Read the following passage and choose among A, B, C or D the correct answer to each of the
questions from 1 to 8.
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The first two decades of this century were dominated by the microbe hunters. These hunters had
tracked down one after another of the microbes responsible for the most dreaded scourges of many centuries:
tuberculosis, cholera, diphtheria. But there remained some terrible diseases for which no microbe could be
incriminated: scurvy, pellagra, rickets, beriberi. Then it was discovered that these diseases were caused by
the lack of vitamins, a trace substance in the diet. The diseases could be prevented or cured by consuming
foods that contained the vitamins. And so in the decades of the 1920's and 1930's, nutrition became a science
and the vitamin hunters replaced the microbe hunters.
In the 1940's and 1950's, biochemists strived to learn why each of the vitamins was essential for
health. They discovered that key enzymes in metabolism depend on one or another of the vitamins as
coenzymes to perform the chemistry that provides cells with energy for growth and function. Now, these
enzyme hunters occupied center stage.
You are aware that the enzyme hunters have been replaced by a new breed of hunters who are
tracking genes - the blueprints for each of the enzymes - and are discovering the defective genes that cause
inherited diseases - diabetes, cystic fibrosis. These gene hunters, or genetic engineers, use recombinant DNA
technology
to identify and clone genes and introduce them into bacterial cells and plants to create factories for the
massive production of hormones and vaccines for medicine and for better crops for agriculture.
Biotechnology has become a multi billion dollar industry.
In view of the inexorable progress in science, we can expect that the gene hunters will be replaced in
the spotlight. When and by whom? Which kind of hunter will dominate the scene in the last decade of our
waning century and in the early decades of the next? I wonder whether the hunters who will occupy the
spotlight will be neurobiologists who apply the techniques of the enzyme and gene hunters to the funtions of
the brain. What to call them? The head hunters. I will return to them later.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The microbe hunters. B. The potential of genetic engineering.
C. The progress of modern medical research. D. The discovery of enzymes.
2. The word “incriminated” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ____.
A. blamed B. eliminated C. investigated D. produced
3. Which of the following can be cured by a change in diet?
A. Tuberculosis B. Cholera C. Cystique fibroses D. Pell Agra
4. The word "strived" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ____.
A. studied B. tried C. experimented D. failed
5. How do vitamins influence health?
A. They protect the body from microbes.
B. They are broken down by cells to produce energy.
C. They keep food from spoiling.
D. They are necessary for some enzymes to function.
6. The phrase "occupy the spotlight" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ____.
A. go to furthest B. lighten to load
C. conquer territory D. receive the most attention
7. The author implies that the most important medical research topic of the future will be ____.
A. the functions of the brain B. inherited diseases
C. the operation of vitamins D. the structure of genes
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8. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?
A. Most diseases are caused by defective genes.
B. The focus of medical research will change in the next two decades.
C. Medical research throughout the twentieth century has been dominated by microbe hunters.
D. Medical breakthroughs often depend on luck.
D. WRITING
I. Rewrite the following sentences using causative.
1. I had my nephew paint the gate last week.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
2. She will have Peter wash her car tomorrow.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
3. They have her tell the story again.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
4. John gets his sister to clean his shirt.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
5. Anne has had a friend type her composition.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
6. Rick will have a barber cut his hair.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
7. I will get the dressmaker to make a new dress.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
8. He had a mechanic repair his car.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
9. She often gets the technician to maintain the heater.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
10. They had the police arrest the shoplifter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
11. Are you going to have the shoemaker repair your shoes?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
12. I must have the dentist check my teeth.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___
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This
room ___________________________________________________________________________
3. I won't ever let her down in any way.
In no way
___________________________________________________________________________
4. "You shouldn't eat too much sugar now that you've got diabetes." said the doctor to my grandpa.
It is the doctor's recommendation
________________________________________________________
5. "Whatever obstacle may let you down, don't ever give up on your dream." said her mother.
Her mother encouraged
________________________________________________________________
6. The reason why he's studying so hard is that he wants to win a scholarship.
With a view
_________________________________________________________________________
7. He gave me lots of gifts on my 18th birthday.
Lots of
_____________________________________________________________________________
8. "Please stay here with me." said the girl in tears to her boyfriend.
The girl in tears
begged ________________________________________________________________
TEST 2
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. spread B. cream C. bread D. head
2. A. exterminate B. extend C. expand D. example
3. A. sugar B. stew C. sauce D. steam
4. A. interfere B. incredible C. intervention D. ending
5. A. grate B. shallot C. marinate D. staple
6. A navigation B. activate C. faraway D. malfunction
II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. futurist B. malfunction C. consequence D. activate
2. A promote B. diverse C. language D. combine
3. A. exterminator B. singularity C. technological D. similarity
4. A. librarian B. experiment C. historical D. entertain
5. A. incredible B. exterminate C. exponential D. humanity
III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1. I'll have another key ____.
A. made B. making C. to make D. make
2. Do you have a newspaper ____ to your home?
A. deliver B. delivered C. to deliver D. delivering
3. I have not had the film ____ yet.
A. develop B. to develop C. developing D. developed
4. She had her hair ____ yesterday.
A. done B. do C. to do D. doing
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Amazon, the major (6) __________________ commerce company, has recently come out an (7)
__________________ idea. Instead of having a package delivered to a (8) ___________________ via
delivery truck, Amazon will send out flying drones that will bring a package to a person's house for (9)
__________________ almost immediately. Just think about how amazing it would be when you order a
small item from Amazon, choose immediate delivery, and within an hour a drone lands in your front yard
and leaves your (10) __________________ for you. These types of robots could turn out to be a dream come
true for customers who like to get their orders super fast.
VI. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following
passage.
It's only natural that people want to use the latest innovations to better themselves. Smart devices can
truly do incredible things and (1) ____ simplify our day. They can also enhance our (2) ____, arms us with
knowledge, and transform themselves to become cyborgs.
Cyborg is a term used to describe a being that is half human and half (3) ____. This may sound like
something out of science-fiction novels, but some people have already adapted this lifestyle. One is artist
Neil Harbisson. He was born completely colour-blind, and could only see black and white images. It seemed
that he would never (4) ____ colour. After attending a cybernetics talk in college, he met an inventor who
agreed to make a special device for him. They designed an eyeborg, a mechanical eye that converted colours
into sound frequencies. This enabled Harbisson to hear colour and perceive the world in a different way. He
(5) ____ going to museums to "hear" classic paintings. In fact, a simple walk in a different way. He started
going to museums to hear classic paintings. In fact, a simple walk down a grocery store filled with colourful
products produces some catchy tunes. Harbisson loves his eyeborg so much that he rarely takes it (6) ____.
He now gives talks urging others to consider adding their own mechanical improvements.
In 1998, British scientist Kevin Warwick conducted his own experiment. He implanted a chip inside
of his arm, which he used to control lights and other appliances at home. He later expanded the project (7)
____
placing electrodes inside his nervous system and linking it to the Internet. This allowed him to control
external objects including robotic arms, amplifiers, and loudspeakers. His work remains influential as this
example of extended sensory input was the first of its kind.
If you're interested in becoming a cyborg and you're (8) ____, a good place to start might be with a
pair of Google Glass. Users wear it like ordinary eyeglasses, yet Google Glass is equipped with state-the-art
electronics. Using voice (9) ____ you can have it take a picture of what you see, see directions right in front
of you, or translate your voice into other languages. Hopefully, this experience will help you decide whether
becoming a cyborg is right for you, or if you're content to remain a human like the (10) ____ us.
1. A. help on B. help to C. help over D. help out
2. A. jobs B. perceptions C. careers D. offices
3. A. model B. copy C. representation D. machine
4. A. speak B. write C. share D. experience
5. A. started B. gone away C. stayed D. survived
6. A. with B. by C. off D. for
7. A. by B. out in C. out with D. over
8. A. willing B. asking C. making D. doing
9. A. causes B. provides C. commands D. transmits
10. A. make out B. make out C. rest of D. turn in
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VII. Read the following passage and choose among A, B, C or D the correct answer to each of the
questions
Although the "lie detectors" are being used by governments, police departments, and businesses that
all want guaranteed ways of detecting the truth, the results are not always accurate. Lie detectors are properly
called emotion detectors, for their aim is to measure bodily changes that contradict what a person says. The
polygraph machine records changes in heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, and the electrical activity of the
skin (galvanic skin response, or GSR). In the first part of the polygraph test, you are electronically connected
to the machine and asked a few neutral questions ("What is your name?", "Where do you live?"). Your
physical reactions serve the standard (baseline) for evaluating what comes next. Then you are asked a few
critical questions among the neutral ones ("When did you rob the bank?"). The assumption is that if you are
guilty, your body will reveal the truth, even if you try to deny it. Your heart rate, respiration, and GSR will
change abruptly as you respond to the incriminating questions.
That is the theory; but psychologists have found that lie detectors are simply not reliable. Since most
physical changes are the same across all emotions, machines cannot tell whether you are feeling guilty,
angry, nervous, thrilled, or revved up form an exciting day. Innocent people may be tense and nervous about
the whole procedure. They may react physiologically to a certain word ("bank") not because they robbed it,
but because they recently bounced a check. In either case the machine will record a "lie". The reverse
mistake is also common. Some practiced liars can lie without flinching, and others learn to beat the machine
by tensing muscles or thinking about an exciting experience during neutral questions.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Lie detectors distinguish different emotions
B. Physical reaction reveal guilty
C. Lie detectors make innocent people nervous
D. How lie detectors are used and their reliability
2. According to the test, polygraph ____.
A. measure a person's thoughts B. always reveal the truth about a person
C. make guilty people angry D. record a person's physical reactions
3. According to the passage, what kind of questions is asked on the first part of the polygraph test?
A. incriminating B. critical C. emotional D. unimportant
4. The word "ones" in paragraph 1 refers to ____.
A. questions B. reactions C. standards D. evaluations
5. The word "it" in paragraph 1 refers to ____.
A. the question B. your body C. the assumption D. the truth
6. The word "assumption" in paragraph 1 could best be replaced with ____.
A. belief B. faith C. statement D. imagining
7. This passage was probably written by a specialist in ____.
A. sociology B. anthropology C. criminal psychology D. mind reading
VIII. Read the following passage and choose among A, B, C or D the correct answer to each of the
questions.
There has been much debate over the past few decades concerning fears that nation will lead to
robots replacing human workers on a massive scale.
The increasing use of robotics, computers and artificial intelligence is a reality, but its full
implications are far from cut and dried. Some forecasts present the future in a utopian way, claiming that
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robots will take over the tedious heavy work thus freeing up human time and potential, allowing for more
creativity and innovation w the other end of spectrum are those who foresee an employment apocalypse,
predicting that almost fifty percent of all American jobs could vanish within the next few decades. Former
Microsoft chairman Bill Gates states that in 20 years robots could be in place in a number of job categories,
particularly those at lower end of the scale in terms of skills.
The bottom line is that while the future is always uncertain, robots are a fixture of our society, which
is not going to disappear. As with the Industrial Revolution, where machines were utilized in many tasks in
place of manual laborers and social upheaval followed, the Digital Revolution is likely to place robots in
various jobs. In spite of that, many of today's jobs were not in existence before the Industrial Revolution,
such as those of programmers, engineers and data scientists. This leads other experts to criticize this alarmist
approach of robot scare-mongering, which is invariably compared to the 19th-century "Luddites". This group
was textile workers who feared being displaced by machines and resorted to violence, burning down
factories and destroying industrial equipment - their rejection of inevitable progress has come to symbolize
mindless ignorance.
Needless to say, exactly what new kinds of jobs might exist in the future is difficult to envision at
present. Therefore, the crux of the issue is not whether jobs will be lost, but whether the creation of new
vacancies will outpace the ever-increasing number of losses and what skills will be required in the future.
It is clearly not all doom and gloom, as demand for employees with skills in data analysis, coding,
computer science, artificial intelligence and human-machine interface is rising and will continue to do so.
Furthermore, the demand for skills in Jobs where humans surpass computers, such as those involving care,
creativity and innovative craftmanship, are likely to increase considerably. Ultimately, the key lies in the
adaptation of the workforces, through appropriate education and training, to keep pace with our world's
technological progress.
1. What is the main concern associated with technological advances in the workplace?
A. safety at work B. increased unemployment
C. the use of artificial intelligence D. robots taking over the world
2. What do optimists predict technology will allow?
A. workplaces to become more relaxing B. a greater enjoyment of life
C. flexible working hours D. higher quality products
3. What can be inferred from the comments made by Bill Gates?
A. Changes will occur for many decades.
B. There will be increasing amounts of unskilled workers.
C. Highly skilled workers have less to worry about.
D. Technology will have a negative effect in the workplace.
4. Why is the example of the Industrial Revolution given?
A. It was also a time of great change in the workplace.
B. It had far less of an effect than the Digital Revolution.
C. It lead to widespread unemployment in the world.
D. It resulted in a more violent society.
5. What is the modern-day view of the Luddites?
A. They managed to protect their jobs.
B. Their refusing to adapt to change is seen in a negative way.
C. Their adapting to new technology saved their jobs.
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TEST 3
42. Ray Kurzweil suggests that exponential technological development will lead to the inevitable rise of
artificial intelligence.
A. inapplicable B. unavoidable C. unrecognizable D. invisible
43. Advanced technologies may make humanity insignificant both in life and work.
A. Future B. Radical C. Sophisticated D. Unconventional
44. A.I. techniques help medical doctors to discover subtle interactions between medications that put
patience in jeopardy because of their serious side effect.
A. at risk B. in reality C. under control D. under pressure
45. A.I. algorithms can also help to detect faces and other features in photo sent to social networking sites
and automatically organize them.
A. categorize B. connect C. recognize D. remind
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
46. The critical issue is whether genuine artificial intelligence can ever be truly realized.
A. authentic B. fake C. unpretentious D. true
47. Smart robots have replaced humans in stressful and hazardous jobs and in assembly lines.
A. dangerous B. risky C. safe D. perilous
48. Professor Stephen Hawking thinks the primitive forms of A.I. which have been developed so far have
already proved very useful.
A. basic B. modern C. original D. recent
49. Kurzweil believes that there could be tiny robots called nanobots implanted into our brains to improve
our memory.
A. inserted in B. fixed in C. removed from D. replaced with
50. Do you really think humans will be exterminated when more and more intelligent machines are invented
in the future?
A. killed B. restored C. resurrected D. wiped out
Part III. GRAMMAR
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
51. Drivers or pilots ____ the best routes to the destination quickly and effectively.
A. have the GPS found B. use the GPS to find C. get the GPS find D. get the GPS
found
52. My sister ____ her laptop serviced last weekend.
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77. I wish my father had bought me a new mobile phone instead of having it ____ like that.
A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. being repaired
78. We are going to ____ next June, or else they will be expired.
A. get our passports renewed B. get to renew our passports
C. have had our passports renewed D. have our passports to renew
79. Mr. Brown tends to ____ his car serviced twice a year at the garage near his house.
A. have B. let C. rent D. give
80. The teacher had the students ____ an essay on the positive and negative effects that modern technology
has on children.
A. to write B. to be written C. write D. writing
Exercise 7. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
the following questions.
81. Thanks to the first lawn mower which was invented in 1830, we don't have to pay for someone to have
our
A B C
grass to be cut any more.
D
82. According to the futurist Ray Kurzweil, humans could have tiny computerized machines or nanobots
invent
A B
C
thanks to future medical advances.
D
83. In his Aston Martin DB5 car, Bond can have the photos being printed out along with the information
about
A B C D
the people in them from a panel in a dashboard.
84. There's a network in computing called 'beta testing', which means you test something seeing if it works
A B C
properly before it comes official.
D
85. No longer do housewives have to clean the house every day because they get it done for robotic vacuum
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A B C D
cleaners.
86. Before the cotton gin had been invented in 1794, American farmers had cheap slaves remove seeds from
the
A B C D
cotton fiber.
87. Before the invention of email and the Internet in 1972, it took people at least one day to cause hand-
written
A B C
letters sent to the recipients' homes.
D
88. In communication, we can have the voice recognition systems in smartphones or other electronic devices
A B C
to be identified our speech.
D
89. The owners of modern manufacturing plants had workers doing heavy and repetitive tasks replacing, by
A B C D
robots.
90. In this throw-away society, instead of having an old electronics device fixed, people tend to toss it away
and
A B C D
buy a new one.
Part IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 8. Mark the letter A.B.C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges.
91. A: Hello, is that Liz speaking?
B: ____
A. Yes, who's that? I can hardly hear you. B. Hello, how are you?
C. Hi, there. I'm Juliet. D. You can leave a message, please.
92. A: Hello, could I speak to Chris, please?
B: ____
A. Sorry, he's not in. B. Yes, you could. C. Sure, go ahead. D. Certainly I am.
93. A: Shall I ring you later?
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B: ____
A. No, you won't. B. Yes, but I may be out.
C. Sorry, I'm busy now. D. I couldn't agree more.
94. A: Do you know how this machine works?
B: ____
A. It's very expensive. B. Will you call the mechanic tomorrow?
C. Plug it in and push the green button. D. I think it's quite heavy.
95. A: ____
B: Oh, the bulb went out when I switched it on.
A. Are there anything wrong? B. What matters to the lamp?
C. Does the machine work properly? D. What's wrong with the lamp?
96. A: Do you mind if I make a phone call?
B: ____
A. Yes, certainly. The phone's in the hall. B. No, of course not. The phone's in the hall.
C. I don't think so. It's so annoying. D. Why not? I'm using my mobile phone.
97. A: Would you take this calculator along to the office for me?
B: ____
A. Never mind. B. Yes, with pleasure. C. Yes, that's right. D. Not at all.
98. A: How often do you check mail?
B: ____
A. Almost every day. B. It's not normal. C. It's quite far from here. D. No, I really
don't
99. A: I have bought you a new toy car. Happy birthday to you!
B: ____
A. Have a nice day! B. The same to you! C. What a lovely toy! Thanks. D. What a pity!
100. A: Guess what? I've been awarded a scholarship to study about information technology in the U.S.
B: Uh, really? ____
A. Take care of yourself! B. Congratulations! C. You are always lucky! D. Lucky as you
are!
101. A: ____
B: Yes. I'd like to buy a computer.
A. Do you look for something? B. Good morning. Can I help you?
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C. Excuse me. Do you want to buy it? D. Can you help me buy something?
102. A: Can you help me carry this vacuum cleaner upstairs?
B: ____
A. I think that, too. B. Yes, I'm afraid not. C. Not completely. D. Why not?
103. A: I believe that modern robots will be more intelligent and replace humans in many dangerous jobs.
B: ____
A. That's just what I think of course. B. That sounds interesting.
C. That's a good idea. D. Why not? Believe me!
104. A: Watching television is a waste of time.
B: ____
A. I enjoy watching cartoons. B. I don't think so either.
C. I think so, too. D. News is not my favorite program.
105. A: Do you like using a desktop computer or laptop?”
B: ____
A. Yes, I'd love to. B. I couldn't agree more.
C. No, I have no choice. D. I prefer something portable.
Part V. READING
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
SCIENCE FLYING IN THE FACE OF GRAVITY
It looked just like another aircraft from the outside. The pilot told his young passengers that it was
built in 1964, a Boeing KC-135 refuelling tanker, based on the 707. But appearances were deceptive,
and the 13 students from Europe and the USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight of their
lives.
Inside, the area that normally had seats had become a long white tunnel. Heavily padded from floor
to ceiling; it looked a bit like a lunatic asylum. There were almost no windows, but lights along the
padded walls eerily illuminated it. Most of the seats had been taken out apart from a few at the back,
where the young scientists quickly took their places with a look of apprehension.
From 12 months, science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the
flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency. The challenge had been to suggest imaginative
experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions. For the next two hours the Boeing's flight
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resembled that of an enormous bird which had lost its reason, shooting upwards towards the heavens
before hurting towards Earth. The intention was to achieve weightlessness for a few seconds.
The aircraft took off smoothly enough, but any feelings that I and the young scientists had that we
were on anything like a scheduled passenger service were quickly dismissed when the pilot put the
plane into a 45-degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds. Then the engine cut out and we became
weightless. Everything became confused, and left or right, up or down no longer had any meaning.
After 10 seconds of free-fall descent, the pilot pulled the aircraft out of its nosedive. The return of
gravity was less immediate than its loss, but was still sudden enough to ensure that some students
came down with a bump.
After two hours of going up and down in the plane doing experiments, the predominant feeling was
one of exhilaration rather than nausea. Most of the students thought it was an unforgettable
experience and one they would be keen to repeat.
106. What does the writer say about the plane?
A. It had no seats. B. It had no windows.
C. The inside was painted white. D. The outside was misleading
107. What does the word eerily in paragraph 2 mean?
A. badly B. brightly C. clearly D. strangely
108. What did the pilot do with the plane?
A. He climbed and made the plane turn over.
B. He climbed and made the plane fall slowly.
C. He quickly climbed and stopped the engines.
D. He took off normally and then cut the engines for 20 seconds.
109. What does the word it in the last paragraph refer to?
A. the exhilaration B. the opportunity C. the plane D. the trip
110. Why was this passage written?
A. To encourage young people to take up science.
B. To describe the outcome of a scientific competition.
C. To report on a new scientific technique.
D. To show scientists what young people can do.
Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
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The word “robot” first appeared in a 1921 stage play by Czech writer Karel Capek. In the play, a
man makes a machine that can think, which he calls a robot and which ends up killing its owner. In
the 1940s, the American science fiction writer, Isaac Asimov, wrote a series of stories about robots
and invented the term 'robotics', the science of robots. Meanwhile, in the real world, the first robots
were developed by an engineer, Joseph F. Engelberger, and an inventor, George C. Devol. Together
they started Unimation, a manufacturing company that produced the first real robot in 1961, called
the Unimate. Robots of this type were installed at a General Motors automobile plant and proved to
be a success. They worked reliably and saved money for General Motors, so other companies
were soon acquiring robots as well.
These industrial robots were nothing like the terrifying creatures that can often be seen in science
fiction films. In fact, these robots looked and behaved nothing like humans. They were simply pieces
of computer-controlled machines, with metal "arms" or "hands". Since they were made of metal, they
could perform certain jobs that were difficult or dangerous for humans, particularly jobs that involve
high heat. And since robots were tireless and never got hungry, sleepy, or distracted, they were useful
for tasks that would be tiring or boring for humans. Industrial robots have been improved over the
years, and today they are used in many factories around the world. Though the use of robots has
meant the loss of some jobs, at the same time other jobs have been created in the design,
development, and production of the robots.
Outside of industry, robots have also been developed and put into use by governments and scientists
in situations where humans might be in danger. For example, they can be sent in to investigate an
unexploded bomb or an accident at a nuclear power plant. Researchers also use robots to collect
samples of hot rocks or gases in active volcanoes. In space exploration, robots have performed many
key tasks where humans could not be present, such as on the surface of Mars. In 2004, two robotic
Rovers, small six-wheeled computerized cars, were sent to Mars.
111. When did the word robot appear?
A. before the 1920s B. in the early 1920s
C. in the mid-1920s D. in the late 1920s
112. Which of these statements is TRUE about Karel Capek?
A. He is a famous American playwright.
B. He was the first to create the word “robot”.
C. He invented a machine that can think like humans.
D. He made a robot kill a person.
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was made in this way by individual scientists. These men and women often worked alone, carrying
out (127) ____ into many different areas of science, and they often received very little (128) ____ for
their hard work. (129) ____ the start of the 20th century, though, it became (130) ____ that science
was becoming more complicated and more expensive. This individual scientist disappeared, to be
replaced by highly qualified teams of experts. Modern science was born.
119. A. natural B. physical C. unreal D. typical
120. A. another B. every C. other D. whole
121. A. construct B. create C. discover D. invent
122. A. method B. route C. technique D. way
123. A. aims B. causes C. purposes D. reasons
124. A. calculate B. collect C. measure D. test
125. A. analysis B. attempt C. experiment D. event
126. A. development B. evolution C. movement D. progress
127. A. discovery B. education C. experiment D. research
128. A. present B. gift C. prize D. reward
129. A. At B. In C. On D. For
130. A. accurate B. actual C. clear D. true
Part IV. WRITING
Exercise 12. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
131. Why don't we get someone to fix our computer?
A. Fixing our computer is someone else's duty. B. Let's have someone to fix our computer.
C. Someone will have our computer fixed. D. Why don't we have our computer fixed?
132. My car needed servicing, so I took it to a garage.
A. I took my car to a garage to have it serviced.
B. I took my car, which needed to be servicing, to a garage.
C. I had a garage get serviced my car.
D. My car was taken to a garage to have it serviced.
133. Someone stole my dad's mobile phone last night.
A. My dad had his mobile phone stolen last night.
B. My dad got someone steal his mobile phone last night.
C. My dad asked someone to steal his mobile phone last night.
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A. A better knowledge of computer programming will help my brother find a job in a computer
company.
B. My brother didn't know much about computer programming, so he didn't work for a computer
company.
C. My brother wishes he had known more about computer programming and could work for a
computer company.
D. Knowing more about computer programming, my brother would find a job in a computer
company.
Exercise 13. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions.
141. We don't have to wash the dishes any more. We have just bought a new dishwasher.
A. It is not necessary for us to wash the dishes, even when we have bought a new dishwasher.
B. No longer do we have to wash the dishes because we have just bought a new dishwasher.
C. The new dishwasher we have just bought needs doing the washing-up.
D. With the help of the new dishwasher, we won't have to do the washing-up very often.
142. My piano makes unsatisfactory sound. Someone is going to tune it tomorrow
A. I'm going to have my piano tuned tomorrow due to the unsatisfactory sound it makes.
B. If my piano makes unsatisfactory sound, someone is going to tune it tomorrow.
C. My piano makes unsatisfactory sound, so I am going to tune it tomorrow.
D. The piano which makes unsatisfactory sound is going to be tuned tomorrow.
143. Many industries today use highly automated vehicles. They can drive with almost no human
intervention.
A. Although many industries today use many automated vehicles, they can drive without human
intervention.
B. Many industries today use highly automated vehicles which can drive with almost no human
intervention.
C. With almost no human intervention, many industries today can run highly automated vehicles.
D. When vehicles are highly automated in many industries, humans do not have to intervene in their
operation.
144. I did not dare to turn on the television. I was afraid of waking the baby up.
A. I did not dare to turn on the television for fear of waking the baby up.
B. I decided not to turn on the television in order to wake the baby up.
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C. I decided to turn the television volume down to avoid waking the baby up.
D. Waking up the baby, I could not continue watching the television.
145. I have narrowed it down to two computer games. I can't make up my mind.
A. Although I have narrowed it down to two computer games, I still can't make up my mind.
B. Having narrowed it down to two computer games, I can make up my mind.
C. I have narrowed it down to two computer games, which helps me make up my mind.
D. If I don't narrow it down to two computer games, I won't be able to make up my mind.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: apologize (+for), admit (+to), boast (+ about), insist (+on)
7. Verb + somebody + preposition + -ing
E.g: He warned the students about copying in the exam.
Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: accuse (+of), blame (+for), congratulate (+on), thank (+for),
warn (+about/ against)
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Bài 6: Use the verbs from the box to rewrite the following sentences.
advise hope promise beg suggest insist remind deny invite
refuse threaten warn
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11. "If you wear my skirt again, I'll pinch you very hard," said Susan.
______________________.
12. "Don't fly kites near electric overhead cables," my mother said.
______________________.
Bài 8: Change the sentences into reported speech using one of the reporting verbs from the box in past
simple and any other necessary words.
promise admit Advise regret suggest threaten agree apologise deny refuse remind
1. "I will help you, I promise."
John _______________ me.
2. "Shall we go to the concert?"
Emily _______________ to the concert.
3. "I didn't break the window"
Mark _______________ the window.
4. "I wish I hadn't got married"
Mai _______________ married.
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Bài 9: Complete the sentences in reported speech, using these reporting verbs: admit, advise,
complain, congratulate, order, promise, remind, suggest, threaten, warn
1. "Yes, it was me who took your umbrella"
He ______________________.
2. "Well done. You've passed the exam with flying colors."
He ______________________.
3. "Do these exercises!"
He ______________________.
4. "I'll send you all the letters."
He ______________________.
5. "I think you should visit her."
He ______________________.
6. "Don't forget to give your mother these flowers."
He ______________________.
7. "I'll call the police if you don't leave immediately."
He ______________________.
8. "Why don't we go camping?"
He ______________________.
9. "Children! You mustn't touch the socket. It's dangerous."
He ______________________.
10. Why do I have to do the cleaning? It's unfair!"
He ______________________.
Bài 10: Choose the best answer to complete the letter.
Dear Sir,
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I am writing to complain about a television set that I bought in your shop last week. When I asked the shop
assistant why (1) _______ the only set on sale, she (2) _______ me that it (3) _______ used for
demonstrations on the shop floor. I also asked her (4) _______ it was in good working order and she assured
me that it (5) _______ perfectly. She also promised (6) _______ I could return the set within ten days for any
reason and receive a full refund.
Unfortunately, when I took the TV home, I discovered that the sound and picture quality were poor. I called
the shop and asked someone (7) _______ me through the manager. The manager explained (8) _______ I
could not get a refund as the television was a sale item. He (9) _______ to have the television repaired but
said that the repairs (10) _______ at my expense.
Moreover, I would like to add that the shop assistant who sold me the television (11) _______ promising me
a refund if there was a problem with the TV set.
The manager suggested (12) _______ Head Office, so I am writing to you. I would like a full
refund on the television as soon as possible.
Yours faithfully,
David
1. A. was this B. it was C. this had been D. it had been
2. A. said B. says C. told D. told to
3. A. is B. is being C. has been D. had been
4. A. if B. why C. how D. that
5. A. works B. is working C. worked D. would be working
6. A. me that B. me if C. if D. to me
7. A. put B. to put C. putting D. that 1 put
8. A. me B. me that C. that D. me how
9. A. said B. told C. informed D. offered
10. A. are B. were C. has been D. would be
11. A. denied B. refused C. informed D. decided
12. A. to contact B. me to contact C. that contacting D. that I should contact
TEST 1
A. PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. bank B. travel C. delay D. magnificent
2. A. certificate B. demonstrate C. compassionate D. attendant
3. A. lag B. safari C. package D. stalagmite
4. A. align B. recognise C. unique D. specialise
5. A. approachable B. charity C. chef D. chopsticks
II. Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern.
1. A. safari B. sightseeing C. mountain D. breathtaking
2. A. covering B. applicant C. encourage D. dealership
3. A. discover B. addition C. fantastic D. habitat
4. A. afford B. traveller C. wildlife D. passport
5. A. resort B. expedition C. environment D. affordable
6. A. shortlist B. unique C. colleague D. cluttered
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Be clear, concise and always use the job ad as (10) ________________ to make sure your
information is relevant.
II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank spare in the following
passage.
Most people need some preparation before they are (1) ____ for the workforce, and planning should
begin long before it is time to start a career.
Many high school students don't yet know what they want to do. High school is a great time to start
thinking about careers. Setting on just one (2) ____ in high school isn't necessary, but they should know how
to explore careers and put time into investigating them and learning about their skills and interests.
Understanding what you enjoy and what you are good at is the first step in (3) ____ careers. It is
important to think about what you like to do because work will eventually be a big part of the life. Once you
have thought about the subjects and activities you like best, the next step is to look for careers that put those
interests to use. If you love sports, for example, you might (4) ____ a career as a gym teacher, or a coach.
Another approach to identifying potential career interests is to consider local employers and the types
of jobs they have. There are many jobs in manufacturing and healthcare near the high school. Talking
directly to workers can help you get (5) ____ about what they do. If you don't know workers in occupations
(6) ____ interest you, ask people such as parents, friends, or teachers for their (7) ____.
If job (8) ____ gives you a taste of what an occupation is like, imagine how helpful getting
experience could be. Students can begin getting career-related experiences in high school through
internships, employment, and other activities. Completing an internship is an excellent (9) ____ get
experience. Internships are temporary, supervised (10) ____ designed to give students practical job training.
1. A. near B. ready C. secretive D. similar
2. A. present B. pastime C. employment D. occupation
3. A. explore B. explored C. exploring D. explores
4. A. consider B. contain C. exclude D. prevent
5. A fact B. information C. detail D. piece
6. A. that B. how C. why D. when
7. A. ability B. practice C. contacts D. judgement
8. A. writing B. shadowing C. believing D. persuading
9. A. notice about B. access to C. count for D. way to
10. A. reference B. assignments C. evidence D. stock
III. Read the following passage and choose among A, B, C or D the correct answer to each of the
questions.
1. Not so long ago almost any student who successfully completed a university degree or diploma course
could find a good career quite easily. Companies toured the academic institutions, competing with each other
to recruit graduates. However, those days are gone, even in Hong Kong, and nowadays graduates often
face strong competition in the search for jobs.
2. Most careers organizations highlight three stages for graduates to follow in the process of securing a
suitable career: recognizing abilities, matching these to available vacancies and presenting them well to
prospective employers.
3. Job seekers have to make a careful assessment of their own abilities. One area of assessment should be of
their academic qualifications, which would include special skills within their subject area. Graduates should
also consider their own personal values and attitudes, or the relative importance to themselves of such
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matters as money, security, leadership and caring for others. An honest assessment of personal interests and
abilities such as creative or scientific skills, or skills acquired from work experience, should also be given
careful thought.
4. The second stage is to study the opportunities available for employment and to think about how the
general employment situation is likely to develop in the future. To do this, graduates can study job vacancies
and information in newspapers or they can visit a careers office, write to possible employers for information
or contact friends or relatives who may already be involved in a particular profession. After studying all the
various options, they should be in a position to make informed comparisons between various careers.
5. Good personal presentation is essential in the search for a good career. Job application forms and letters
should, of course, be filled in carefully and correctly, without grammar or spelling errors. Where additional
information is asked for, job seekers should describe their abilities and work experience in more depth, with
examples if possible. They should try to balance their own abilities with the employer's needs, explain why
they are interested in a career with the particular company and try to show that they already know something
about the company and its activities.
6. When graduates are asked to attend for interview, they should prepare properly by finding out all they can
about the prospective employer. Dressing suitably and arriving for the interview on time are also obviously
important. Interviewees should try to give positive and helpful answers and should not be afraid to ask
questions about anything they are unsure about. This is much better than pretending to understand a question
and giving an unsuitable answer.
7. There will always be good career opportunities for people with ability, skills and determination, the secret
to securing a good job is to be one of them.
1. In the paragraph 2, "them" refers to ____.
A. abilities. B. three stages C. careers organizations. D. available vacancies
2. According to paragraph 4, graduates should ____.
A. ask friends or relatives to secure them a good job.
B. find out as much as possible and inform employers of the comparisons they want.
C. get information about a number of careers before making comparisons.
D. find a good position and then compare it with other careers.
3. In paragraph 5, "in more depth" could best be replaced by ____.
A. more honestly B. more carefully C. using more word D. in greater detail
4. The word "prospective" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. future B. generous C. reasonable D. ambitious
5. In paragraph 6, the writer seems to suggest that ____.
A. it is better for interviewees to be honest than to pretend to understand.
B. interviewees should ask a question if they can't think of an answer.
C. it is not a good idea for interviewees to be completely honest in their answers.
D. pretending to understand a question is better than giving an unsuitable answer.
6. Which of the following sentences is closest in meaning to the paragraph 7?
A. Determined, skilled and able people can easily find a good career.
B. Graduates should develop at least one of these areas to find a suitable career.
C. People with the right qualities should always be able to find a good career.
D. The secret of a successful interview is that interviewers have to possess skills, determination or
ability.
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You had
____________________________________________________________________________
8. In spite of her handicap, she could draw many beautiful portraits.
Although _________________________________________________________________________
TEST 2
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. decision B. erode C. checkout D. exotic
2. A. task B. customer C. specialise D. barista
3. A. resort B. season C. excursion D. reasonable
4. A. applicant B. relevant C. apprentice D. align
5. A. relevant B. recruit C. academic D. potential
II. Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern.
1. A. explore B. destination C. magnificence D. accessible
2. A. prioritise B. energetic C. communicate D. responsible
3. A. stimulate B. organize C. efficient D. terminal
4. A. excursion B. delicious C. stalagmite D. holiday
5. A. apprenticeship B. compassionate C. entrepreneur D. articulate
6. A. affect B. machine C. challenge D. promote
III. Choose the best one (A, B, C or D) to complete the sentence or replace the underlined word.
1. She asked me ____ the seat ____ or not.
A. If / had occupied B. Whether / was occupied
C. If / has been occupied D. Whether / occupied
2. The policeman asked us ____.
A. had any of us seen the accident happen
B. If had any of us seen the accident happen
C. Whether any of us had seen the accident happen
D. that if any of us had seen the accident happen
3. It is important that applicants put modesty aside and show ____ in their CV.
A. self-confidence B. self-control C. self-determination D. self-discipline
4. Increasingly recruiters are looking for graduates who are ready for the global ____ and an international
career.
A. workforce B. workroom C. workstation D. workshop
5. I asked him ____, but he said nothing.
A. what the matter was B. what was the matter
C. the matter was what D. what's the matter was
6. James ____ him up when the bus reached the square.
A. told me wake B. asked me to wake C. said me to wake D. requested me waking
7. Excuse me. Could you tell me ____?
A. what time is it B. what is the time C. what time it is D. it is what time
8. We wonder ____ from his office after that scandal.
A. why did he not resign B. why he did not resign
C. why he not resign D. why didn't he resign
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9. Fixed term employment also known as contract work is used for single projects or to replace workers on
____.
A. permission B. leave C. goodbye D. absence
10. Employers will often take on students for a ____ but you can also apply for as internship after you
graduate.
A. leap year B. gap year C. light year D. calendar year
11. Jeff wanted to know ____.
A. that why were his friends laughing B. why were his friends laughing
C. why his friends were laughing D. the reason why his friends laughing
12. Mr. Hawk told me that he would give me his answer the ____ day.
A. previous B. following C. before D. last
13. She ____ him whether he liked the steak she cooked.
A. asks B. wondered C. wanted to know D. asked
14. Over the past decade, there has been a significant ____ in full time work in Australia from 89% to
approximately two-thirds of the workforce.
A. increase B. reduce C. redundancy D. decline
15. A CV is a concise document which summarizes your past existing professional skills, proficiency and
____.
A. qualifications B. experiences C. reputation D. feelings
16. His neighbors sometimes wondered ____ he did for a living.
A. why B. when C. where D. what
17. Could you please tell me ____?
A. It is how far to the nearest bus stop B. how far is it to the nearest bus stop
C. how far to the nearest bus stop is it D. how far it is to the nearest bus stop
18. Marigold wondered ____ Kevin and Ruth would be at the party.
A. that B. whether C. if D. B & C
19. He asked me ____.
A. how long I have studied English B. how long had I studied English
C. how long I had study English D. how long I had studied English
20. The purpose of a CV is to ____ that you have the necessary skills to do the job for which you are
applying.
A. determine B. express C. demonstrate D. define
21. If your CV is always ____ then you can quite easily fill in those online applications because you have got
all that information to hand.
A. out-of-date B. up-to-date C. up-and-down D. up-and-coming
22. The passenger asked ____ we landed.
A. what B. when C. if D. why
23. She asked Nam what ____ in that room.
A. he is doing B. he was doing C. was he doing D. she was doing
24. "I didn't take your calculator", Bob said to Mary.
A. Bob told Mary he hadn't taken her calculator.
B. Bob told Mary I didn't take your calculator.
C. Bob told Mary he haven't taken her calculator.
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VI. Give the correct form of the words to complete the following sentences.
1. A resume is the doorway to an interview, so you have to present your skills
and ________________________
in a clear and concise manner. QUALIFIED
2. A good teacher always seems to be the one who is ____________________ to share what he has learned
with colleagues. WILL
3. Being well-organized is a great way to _____________________ to your coworkers and manager that you
are reliable, competent and able to get the job done. DEMONSTRATION
4. He seemed the most ____________________ of everyone he'd met. APPROACH
5. Generally, my ____________________ in life are first my family, and second my work. PRIORITY
6. ____________________ are fixed term employments, usually three to five years, for the purpose of
employment training. RELEVANT
7. The supervisor is quite approachable, so don't _____________________ to bring up any problems you
have.
HESITATE
8. You have a lot of different things to do in this job, so it is important to prioritize your tasks to make sure
the most ____________________ things are done first. IMPORTANCE
9. There was only one other customer and several baristas talking _______________ behind the counter.
LOUD
10. A ____________________ is a company that has permission to sell a particular product. DEALER
VII. Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to show the underlined part that needs correction.
1. Mrs. Emmanuelle told to Alice to give her a hand.
A B C D
2. John said the taxi driver to turn left at the first traffic lights.
A B C D
3. Mary ordered John if he could carry her suitcase, please.
A B C D
4. Johnson Nancy Lee asked me if would I like to have dinner with her.
A B C D
5. Hoa asked Lan whether did she like sports or not.
A B C D
6. Ba told to Tuan if he could ride his bicycle to school.
A B C D
7. Phong asked Peter whether he enjoys reading books or not.
A B C D
8. Mary promised her boy friend that she would expect to see him next Wednesday.
A B C D
9. A tourist asked how far was it from Ho Chi Minh City to Hue.
A B C D
10. He asked Lan how many people there are in her family.
A B C D
VIII. Choose the word in the box that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
functional candidates flexible employee qualifications
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20. It's wise to think about choosing a ____ before leaving school.
A. business B. career C. living D. profession
21. A doctor is a member of a respected ____.
A. occupation B. profession C. trade D. work
22. If you want a job, you have to ____ for one.
A. applicate B. apply C. ask D. request
23. You'll probably have to ____ an application form.
A. fill down B. fill in C. fill on D. fill through
24. And you'll need to give the names of two or three ____.
A. hostages B. judges C. referees D. umpires
25. All the members of our ____ are expected to work hard.
A. personal B. personnel C. staff D. gang
26. Some of my work is interesting, but a lot of it is just ____.
A. habit B. practice C. tradition D. routine
27. If you are paid monthly, rather than weekly, you receive ____.
A. revenue B. a reward C. a salary D. wages
28. The purpose of running a business is to make a ____.
A. service B. profit C. money D. contribution
29. The ____ were delivered to the warehouse by lorry.
A. data B. goods C. material D. stuff
30. Many young people travel all over the world and do all kinds of jobs before they ____.
A. lie down B. settle down C. touch down D. put down
31. In Britain, people are usually unwilling to tell other people how much they ____.
A. earn B. obtain C. deserves D. gain
32. If you're a(n) ____ you have to do what your boss tells you.
A. director B. employee C. employer D. manager
33. You can earn more money by working ____.
A. extraordinary hours B. overhours C. overtime D. supplementary hours
34. It's difficult these days for a young person to find a well-paid ____ job.
A. eternal B. reliable C. permanent D. stable
35. She was ____ after three years with the company.
A. advanced B. raised C. elevated D. promoted
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Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
36. My work is challenging, of course, because it involves both a sales function and a technique function.
A. fascinating B. rewarding C. stimulating D. demanding
37. She's doing well so she was promoted last year. Now she's in charge of a small team of four people.
A. controls B. supervises C. takes over D. rules
38. Somebody looks at the detailed specification for the installation and then another colleague researches
the cost of the labor and materials.
A. co-worker B. employee C. staff D. supervisor
39. I've been working here for over ten years now and I'm on first-name terms with everyone, even the CEO.
A. getting on B. happy
C. having an informal/friendly relationship D. satisfied
40. Jane used to be very excellent as a child and now she's the CEO of a big multi-national company.
However, her brother is a blue-collar worker in a small local factory.
A. mental B. low-paid C. manual D. regular
41. Employers usually look for candidates who have qualifications and relevant experience.
A. excellent B. rich C. appropriate D. extensive
42. I registered with some online employment agencies, and they found a vacancy almost immediately.
A. work B. an available job C. career D. place
43. Jacob was made redundant last month due to his company's downsizing policy. He's on a short-term
contract with a medium-sized company at the moment.
A. permanent B. temporary C. part-time D. full-time
44. When applying for a certain job, you'll be at an advantage if you have hands-on experience.
A. relevant B. prior C. practical D. considerable
45. When the factory closed, over a hundred people were made redundant.
A. fired B. sacked C. laid off D. appointed
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
46. Should you hire a full-time employee on a permanent contract?
A. long-term B. long-lasting C. temporary D. limited
47. If the candidates can perform well and impress the interviewers during the interview, they can be
recruited.
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82. She refused to tell me what was the director's salary was because that information was confidential.
A B C D
83. You had better learning a foreign language before applying for a job.
A B C D
84. The applicant asked the head of the human resources department to tell him what the skills he needed in
A B C D
order to get that job.
85. My friend offered finding more information about the company that I was applying to.
A B C D
86. She asked me what the most important thing to remember at an interview is.
A B C D
87. The shop has volunteered that it will deliver the chairs by the end of the week.
A B C D
88. The old man warned the children to not swim in that river because it was very deep and dangerous.
A B C D
89. We were disappointed when the receptionist tells that the hotel was fully booked that week.
A B C D
90. Before the meeting finished, they arranged when they met next.
A B C D
Part IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 8. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
91. "Hello, may I speak to the manager please?" “____”
A. No, you may not. B. That's OK. C. Hold on, please D. You're
welcome.
92. “Hi, Chris. Good day at work?” “ ____”
A. Yeah, not bad, thanks. B. I'm fine, thanks. C. No, thanks. D. I'm terribly
sorry.
93. "Your email was a bit of a shock: Rob trying to sell the coffee shop to Café Pronto. I couldn't believe it!”
A. Me, too. B. So could I. C. I couldn't, too. D. Me neither.
94. “Congratulations! You did a great job!” “ ____”
A. It's my pleasure. B. You're welcome. C. It's nice of you to say so. D. That's OK.
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95. “Could you pick me up before 4 p.m?” “ ____ I'll be still working then."
A. I hope so. B. Yes, I could. C. I'm afraid I can't. D. Yes, of course.
96. “What do you usually do on your days off?” “____”
A. I usually ride to work. B. I often do not much.
C. Nothing much. I usually sleep until 10 a.m. D. Very few.
97. “I'll help you write the CV if you want.” “____”
A. I don't want. B. Really? That's very kind of you.
C. You shouldn't. D. I really want.
98. “What do you do?” “____”
A. What do you do? B. I work in advertising.
C. I do as an advertiser. D. I am an advert.
99. “That'new French restaurant does a fixed price menu for only £18.” “____”
A. It's very good value for money. B. l'll save a bit of money.
C. What a waste of money. D. It costs a fortune.
100. "Can I pay by credit card?" "____”
A. Well, there's 10% off if you pay cash. B. Yes, I think I've got some pound coins.
C. Yes, we take Visa and Master card. D. Not too bad.
101. "Mandy doesn't seem very happy at the moment. Is she finding the course difficult?" “____”
A. No, the course is difficult. B. No, she's going to drop out.
C. Yes, she's happy. D. Yes, I think she's going to drop out and get a job.
102. "Hi, Susie, I haven't seen you around much recently." “____”
A. No, I've been at home revising most nights. B. Me neither.
C. Well, me too. D. I haven't seen you for ages, either.
103. "What gave you the impression that Greg was depressed?" “____”
A. Mary told me. B. Oh, I don't know. He just seemed a bit down.
C. He depressed me. D. He's really depressing.
104. "What are your weaknesses?" “____”
A. I'm not weak. B. In fact, I'm very strong.
C. Well, I suppose I'm a bit of a perfectionist. D. I'm perfect
105. "How do you do. Nice to meet you!” “____”
A. I'm fine, thank you. B. How do you do. Nice to meet you, too.
C. Not bad. What about you? D. It's very kind of you to say so.
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Part V. READING
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
A MORE COMMERCIAL TUNE
Roger Press, 40, has changed his career. After spending five years (106) ____ a concert pianist he has
gone into business, recently (107) ____ up his own company. "After leaving university I decided to
(108) ____ myself to a career in music. I loved performing but it was very hard (109) ____. I played
at concerts in Europe and America, made recordings and got good (110) ____. But after a while I felt
I had gone as (111) ____ as I could. Unless you are one of the world's top pianists, it's difficult to
earn a good (112) ____ and I wasn't one of the greatest.
When I (113) ____ up my performing career, people around me were more sad and disappointed than
I was. But I felt free and (114) ____ I knew I was getting serious about life. After getting a (115)
____ in business administration I joined the recording company EMI and started their classical video
division, producing programs about famous artists. A year ago I left EMI and formed a new
company, New Media System, which (116) ____ in multimedia programs.
Now that I run my own business I'm in control of my life and I feel proud of my achievements.
Although the stress is high and I work (117) ____ hours, the stress involved in piano playing was
much worse. It took physical, emotional and mental skills. I prefer the pressures I live with now.'
106. A. like B. working C. how D. as
107. A. giving B. setting C. forming D. bringing
108. A. devote B. take C. assign D. employ
109. A. job B. effort C. work D. career
110. A. reviews B. critics C. reports D. praise
111. A. soon B. often C. far D. much
112. A. life B. living C. money D. payment
113. A. took B. brought C. gave D. put
114. A. lastly B. at last C. at the end D. lately
115. A. qualification B. title C. graduate D. grade
116. A. specializes B. focuses C. concentrates D. dedicates
117. A. overtim B. large C. long D. bonus
Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
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Taylor returns to this distinction between writing and storytelling a number of times, distancing
himself from grand and lofty ideas of the novelist's purpose. He describes himself as a 'fairly
uneducated, council-house kid' who ran away to London as a teenager, ‘a bit of a chancer, with ideas
above his station’. He read Dickens, lots of Orwell - 'they were trendy books to read' - and Kerouac.
But he is uncomfortable talking at any length about favorite novels or influences beyond Rowling: 'I
have not read all that many books. I'm not, you know, a very literate person.'
Taylor was a rock-music promoter in his twenties and remains a showman, happiest in front of a
crowd. He describes the talks he gives in schools and at book festivals, dressed up as a sea captain or
as an 18th-century highwayman in a long black coat. ‘You're using your face, you're using your body,
you're acting out what you're doing.’ The business of putting his thoughts in writing can be
problematic in comparison. As a storyteller, in order to demonstrate shock or alarm to an audience he
will "pause between sentences and showed a wide-eyed, staring face. But to describe that in
English ...’
This impatience with the limitation of language can be a positive asset: in Tersia, Taylor's new
fantasy, the speed of the narrative and the scale of the events that overwhelm the characters mean
there is no time for the story to get bogged down. That said, it is unusual to hear a writer speak in
such a dismissive way of his craft. Shadowmancer has been taken on by Universal Pictures, and
Taylor does nothing to hide the fact that he thinks 'the movie's more exciting than the book’.
123. The writer says that many fantasy fiction writers would not agree that ____.
A. they have copies their ideas from J. K. Rowling
B. J. K. Rowling's success has contributed to their own
C. Fantasy fiction will remain fashionable for many years
D. J. K. Rowling is a writer of fantasy fiction in the true sense
124. The writer is surprised by ____.
A. the success of Taylor's books B. the short time Taylor has been a writer
C. the number of books Taylor has published D. Taylor's reasons for writing his first book
125. What aspect of the Harry Potter books does Taylor admit to imitating?
A. the writing style B. the storylines C. the layout D. the cover
design
126. What does that in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. the Harry Potter formula B. the novels' target audience
C. the timing of the novels' publication D. the novels' failure to make people think
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A. People who work in offices have a five-day week and are often said to have a nine-to-five job.
B. People work in offices that have a five-day week and are often said to have a nine-to-five job.
C. People working in offices have a five-day week and often say to have a nine-to-five job.
D. People worked in offices which have a five-day week and are often said to have a nine-to-five job.
138. Thanks to/ high grades/ university/ she/ offer/ the position.
A. Thanks to her high grades at university so she is offered the position.
B. Thanks to her high grades at university, she offered the position.
C. Thanks to her high grades at university, she is offered the position.
D. Thanks to her high grades at university, so she offers the position.
139. My boss/ have/ assistant/ send/ document/ to him/ while/ away/ on business.
A. My boss had his assistant sent the document to him while he was away on business.
B. My boss had his assistant send the document to him while he was away on business.
C. My boss had his assistant to send the document to him while he was away on business.
D. My boss had his assistant sent the document for him while he was away on business.
140. What/ wear/ always important/ it/ create/ first impression/ interviewers.
A. What you wear is always important as it creates the first impression on the interviewers.
B. What you wear is always important when it creates the first impression on the interviewers.
C. What you wear is always important as it creates the first impression for the interviewers.
D. What you wear is always important because of it creates the first impression on the interviewer.
Exercise 13. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
141. The secretary said, "Sorry, I will never work on Sunday.”
A. The secretary promised not to work on Sunday.
B. The secretary refused not to work on Sunday.
C. The secretary reminded her boss to work on Sunday.
D. The secretary refused to work on Sunday.
142. "Joanna, please come to my office immediately," the boss said.
A. The boss invited Joanna to come to his office immediately.
B. The boss warned Joanna to come to his office immediately.
C. The boss asked Joanna to come to his office immediately.
D. The boss told Joanna please come to his office immediately.
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143. “Susan, can you remember to photocopy these documents for tomorrow's meeting?" said the line
manager.
A. The line manager advised Susan to photocopy those documents for the meeting tomorrow.
B. The line manager reminded Susan to photocopy those documents for the meeting the following
day.
C. The line manager invited Susan to photocopy these documents for the meeting the following day.
D. The line manager reminded Susan to photocopy these documents for the meeting the following
day.
144. "Go on, Mike! Apply for the job," the father said.
A. The father encouraged Mike to apply for the job.
B. The father denied applying for the job.
C. The father invited Mike to apply for the job.
D. The father forced Mike to apply for the job.
145. “I would like a cup of coffee, please,” Ms. Smith said to the waitress.
A. Ms. Smith ordered the waitress to bring her a cup of coffee.
B. Ms. Smith invited the waitress a cup of coffee.
C. Ms. Smith advised the waitress to drink a cup of coffee.
D. Ms. Smith warned the waitress not to drink coffee.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
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PHRASALVERBS
Cụm động từ (Phrasal verbs) là một động từ kết hợp với một trạng từ hoặc một giới từ hoặc đôi khi cả hai
để tạo thành một từ mới thường có nghĩa đặc biệt, khác với nghĩa của các từ gốc.
Một số cụm động từ có 2 phần: verb + adverb/ preposition
E.g: look for (tìm kiếm); look after (chăm sóc); take after (giống với),...
Một số cụm động từ có 3 phần: verb + adverb + preposition
E.g: keep up with (theo kịp), get on with (hòa hợp với), go on with (tiếp tục), talk back to (cãi lại); run
out of (hết, cạn kiệt), put up with (chịu đựng), cut down on (giảm),...
* Một số cụm động từ thông dụng:
No. Verb Meaning
ask somebody out hẹn hò, mời ai đi chơi
back somebody up ủng hộ
blow up nổ tung
break down hỏng (máy móc)
break into something đột nhập
break in interrupt: ngắt lời
breakup end a relationship: chia tay
breakout escape: trốn thoát
bring somebody up raise a child: nuôi dưỡng
call somebody back gọi lại
call something off hủy bỏ, hoãn lại
call on somebody đến thăm ai đó
call somebody up gọi điện
calm down bình tĩnh
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Bài 2: Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb from the box.
care grow look make put run set switch
1. What time did Julie and Daniel _______ off?
2. Where did you _______ up?
3. Will you _______ up the doctor's number in the phone book?
4. Don't forget to _______ the heating off when you go out.
5. We _______ into Pete at the supermarket yesterday.
6. Millie's parents _______ for her children while she's at work.
7. I'm leaving - I can't _______ up with this situation any longer.
8. Mark still hasn't _______ his mind up about which laptop to buy.
Bài 3: fill the blank in each sentence to complete the phrasal verb. A synonym for the phrasal verb is
given in brackets at the end of each question.
1. Come on, cheer _______ a little - don't be so miserable! Life's fun. (improve your mood)
2. You can't rely on him. He's let me _______ so many times, (disappoint)
3. In my opinion, money really brings _______ the worst in people - greed jealousy and envy, (make
noticeable)
4. I'll drop the books _______ at your place tomorrow, (bring)
5. He pointed _______ a few things to US that we hadn't noticed, (bring attention to)
6. I'm clever, sharp and creative. I'm always coming _______ with new innovative ideas, (create, produce by
thought)
7. We asked him to resign because he simply didn't fit _______ with our team, (suit, be similar to)
8. I've given Martin the task of sorting _______ the problems with that new customer; he has the most
experience with that type of thing, (solve)
9. You'd better call a plumber. The heating system has broken _______ again, (stop working)
10. Give me a few more minutes, please; I need a while to look _______ these reports I've just received from
head office, (examine quickly)
Bài 4: fill in the blank with a preposition from the box.
along for off on out up
1. You must carry _______ the instructions carefully. A lot depends on it.
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2. After searching the Internet for some time we finally found _______ where he lives.
3. I gave _______ playing football a long time ago.
4. The energy company cut _______ our electricity because we couldn't pay the bills.
5. After a short break, the secretary carried _______ with her work.
6. As a single mother she brought _______ two children on her own.
7. The story can't be true. You probably made it _______.
8. I don' know how she manages to care three children.
9. The match was called _______ because of rain.
10. I couldn't get any bread. All the bakers were sold _______.
11. My brother and I got _______ most of the time, but we had our fights too.
12. He missed a lot at school so it was difficult for him to catch _______.
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(Dù cho anh ta có chạy nhanh bao nhiêu đi nữa, anh trai của anh ta củng đến trước tiên.)
8. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự so sánh (Adverbial clauses of comparison)
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự so sánh bắt đầu bằng "than, as .. .as, as"
E.g: He speaks English as fluently as his father.
9. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ điều kiện (Adverbial clauses of condition)
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ điều kiện bắt đầu bằng "if" và "unless"
E.g: If I were you, I would go to France with him.
Bài 7: Find out the adverbial clauses in the following sentences and state the kind of each.
1. Even if it rains, I will come.
2. When you have finished your work, you may go home.
3. You can put it wherever you like.
4. I did not buy that watch because it was expensive.
5. You must go whether you hear from him or not.
6. He spoke in such a low voice that few people could hear him.
7. Since you have apologized, we will take no further action against you.
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Bài 9: Choose the best sentence that is closest in meaning to the given one.
1. The children laughed a lot because of the funny story.
A. The children laughed a lot because the story is funny.
B. The children laughed a lot because of the story funny.
C. The children laughed a lot because it was funny.
D. The children laughed a lot because the story was funny.
2. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
A. Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi.
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Although Bill took a taxi, he can't come to the concert on time.
3. She was so busy that she couldn't answer the phone.
A. Because she was very busy, she couldn't answer the phone.
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B. Because she was very busy, she could answer the phone.
C. Although she was very busy, she couldn't answer the phone.
D. Although she was very busy, she could answer the phone.
4. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't open the door.
A. Although I tried very hard, I couldn't open the door.
B. Although I tried very hard, I could open the door.
C. In spite of I tried very hard, I couldn't open the door.
D. I couldn't open the door even though trying very hard.
5. Despite feeling cold, we kept walking.
A. Although we felt cold, but we kept walking.
B. Although we felt cold, we kept walking.
C. However cold we felt, but we kept walking.
D. However we felt cold, we kept walking.
Bài 12: Read the sentences on the left and match the phrasal verbs with their definitions on the right
1. While cleaning the basement I CAME ACROSS something I thought I A. continue doing
had lost years ago.
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2. Jimmy CAME INTO a lot of money, which changed his life completely. B. discuss in detail
3. They decided to GO AHEAD with their trip despite the bad weather C. end
conditions
4. That tie GOES WITH your suit nicely. D. find by chance
5. The child WENTTHROUGH a lot before recovering completely. E. inherit
6. I WAS ABOUT TO leave home when some unexpected visitors arrived. F. leave
The doctor wanted to GO OVER the test results with the patient.
7. The doctor wanted to GO OVER the test results with the patient. G. match
8. We were promised that the hard times would BE OVER soon. H. ready to
9. I must BE OFF now. My parents are expecting me soon. I. regain consciousness
10. It took the woman a few minutes to COME ROUND after she had J. suffer
fainted.
Bài 13: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs from the box.
go ahead give way to pull down put out sort out
head for miss out lag behind go over come up
1. As soon as the sun came out, everyone _______ the beach.
2. Promise me that you'll have _______ this mess by the time we get home.
3. The students seem to be confused about this point. Would it be possible to _______ the explanation once
again?
4. Despite recent wage increases and greater equality between the sexes, women's salaries still _______ what
men earn.
5. It took firemen several days to _______ the fire which started as a result of a carelessly
discarded cigarette.
6. In order to build the new highway, a lot of old buildings had to be _______.
7. Despite the rain, the outdoor concert is expected to _______ as planned.
8. When the book was made into a screenplay, we decided to _______ some of the comical anecdotes.
9. One word that _______ in the text was "obligatory". What does it mean in this context?
10. Leather pants will eventually _______ another crazy fashion!
Bài 14: Complete each gap with the correct form of a verb. The resulting phrasal verbs should have
the same meaning as the definitions in brackets.
1. Susan (think of) _______ up with the idea for her new business when she was working in
a bank. She (stop doing) _______ up her job there and (start) _______ up her own company.
2. I've had no luck with my job applications. Several companies have (reject) _______ me down because of
my age: they only want to (start to employ) _______ on people with experience. Now I'm (investigate)
_______ into the possibility of going abroad to find work.
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3. All the time I was (go from childhood to adulthood) _______ up I (admire and respect) _______ up to my
dad - he was my role model. Then, when I was 21, he was imprisoned for theft. I felt so (disappoint)
_______ down by him.
4. Someone painted graffiti on all the school walls except one - maybe they (use up) _______ out of paint.
No one has (confess) _______ up to doing it yet, but the teachers are determined to (discover) _______ out
who it was.
5. I don't know if I can (stand, tolerate) _______ up with my dad for much longer - he's always (criticize
angrily) _______ me off for stupid, unimportant things. I (have a friendly relationship with) _______ on well
with my mum.
6. John's offered to (let me stay in his house) _______ me up when I go to London. It's ages since I last saw
him; I'm really (feel excited about) _______ forward to meeting up with him again. I was going to stay with
him last summer but he had to (postpone) _______ it off because he was in hospital.
Bài 15: Use the adverbs in the box to complete the sentences.
away (x2) down (x2) in (x2) out (x2) up (x2) on (x2)
1. You have got exams soon. You can't carry _______ going out every night.
2. We'll never have this problem sorted _______ if we don't talk about it.
3. We've been asked to come _______ with some new ideas.
4. He gave _______ most of his books when he finished university.
5. Why don't you put _______ your new outfit and we'll go out for dinner.
6. I'm trying to find _______ about English courses in the area.
7. She was exhausted and didn't feel like joining _______ the game.
8. My husband drinks too much coffee but he's trying to cut _______.
9. I'm glad that the situation is improving. It's time things picked _______.
10. They like to get _______ from Hanoi as often as they can.
11. You shouldn't look _______ on people just because they are poorer and have less education than you.
12. It's very cold. Winter seems to have set _______ early this year.
Bài 16: Rewrite the following sentences, using the correct form of the phrasal verbs in brackets.
1. He continued to work even after he had been seriously ill. (carry on)
______________________________________.
2. They waited for him for over two hours before he finally arrived, (turn up)
______________________________________.
3. 1 went to bed later than usual because I wanted to watch the film, (stay up)
______________________________________.
4. After several calls, I succeeded in reaching her on the telephone, (get through)
______________________________________.
5. It will take them an hour to complete all these forms, (fill in)
______________________________________.
6. We can let you stay for the night in the spare room, (put up)
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______________________________________.
7. Please stop inventing excuses for why you won't go out with me. (make up)
______________________________________.
8. She found a solution to the problem, (work out)
______________________________________.
Bài 17: Use the correct form of the phrasal verbs in the box to complete the text.
breakdown bring up end up give up
grow up knockout not get on with take up
She (1) _______ boxing when she was 21. Since then she has won five women's heavyweight boxing titles.
Her childhood wasn't always easy. She (2) _______ in a famous family but her parents were divorced and
she (3) _______ by her mother. Unfortunately, she (4) _______ her father, whom she only saw during the
summers. Before long, she started getting into trouble and fighting with people. She says that she wouldn't
start the fights but she wouldn't (5) _______ from one either. Eventually, she (6) _______ in trouble with the
law; when she was 16, her boyfriend gave her a credit card but she didn't tell her it was stolen. In 1999, she
(7) _______ her job in a salon, joined a gym and started boxing. She had her first fight in October 1999. She
(8) _______ April Fowler in the first few minutes of the fight.
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11. I was only absent ____ the office for a few minutes!
A. for B. from C. in D. about
12. She became a full-time member of ____ last year.
A. employees B. employers C. workers D. staff
13. The ____ for this position starts at thirty thousand euros per year.
A. wage B. payment C. salary D. tip
14. Shelley disagreed with the board's decision so she ____ and went to work for another company.
A. retired B. fired C. sacked D. resigned
15. Being a flight attendant is a ____ job. You may have to work long hours on long haul flights and not get
enough sleep.
A. tedious B. demanding C. rewarding D. fascinating
16. I think that doing medical research would be really ____ because this job would save people's lives.
A. challenging B. tiresome C. rewarding D. monotonous
17. I am writing in ____ to your advertisement on Vietnamework.com for the post of a personal assistant.
A. connection B. association C. relation D . response
18. Some people ____ to London every day from as far away as Leeds.
A. connect B. commute C. commence D. correspond
19. When the factory closed, over a hundred people were ____ redundant.
A. made B. given C. taken D. done
20. Most governments tax people on the amount of money they ____ each year.
A. win B. gain C. earn D. benefit
21. After working at the same company for thirty years, my grandfather was looking forward to his ____.
A. overtime B. pension C. charity D. allowance
22. Who is responsible ____ dealing with complaints?
A. with B. for C. in D. at
23. Success in this industry depends a lot ____ luck!
A. with B. from C. at D. on
24. Don't you think you should apply for the job ____ writing?
A. with B. for C. at D. in
25. The ____ I 'm a member of is calling for a nationwide strike next week.
A. union B . charity C. organization D. company
26. Have you had any news about that ____ you applied for yet?
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65. I didn't ____ out to be a millionaire - I just wanted to run a successful business.
A. set B. go C. begin D. watch
66. Mona's going to leave early this afternoon but she says she'll ____ up the hours tomorrow.
A. find B. make C. catch D. bring
67. I was ____ in for the actual manager while she was away on maternity leave.
A. heading B. staying C. standing D. sitting
68. Over three hundred workers were made redundant because they had to ____ one factory.
A. pull down B. cut down C. take down D. close down
69. I am ____ seeing you at a job interview.
A. waiting for B. looking for C. looking forward to D. hoping to
70. The company I'm working for at the moment is planning to expand, so they're ____ new staff.
A. taking on B. bringing in C. carrying on to D. pulling in
Exercise 7. Mark the letter A. B. C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
71. It was ____ windy that I couldn't stand up!
A. so B. such C. enough D. too
72. They were ____ beautiful shoes that I decided I had to get them.
A. enough B. too C. so D. such
73. Emma and Karen used to be ____ good friends that I'm surprised they don't get on now.
A. so B. enough C. such D. too
74. Tina had ____ much paper work to do that she didn't know where to begin.
A. too B. so C. such D. enough
75. ____ already busy in February, I would gladly accept your invitation.
A. Was I not B. Were I not C. If I am not D. Unless I was not
76. He behaved as if nothing ____.
A. has happened B. would happen C. was happening D. had happened
77. Do what you like ____ you don't make any noise.
A. provided B. if C. unless D. suppose
78. We'd better leave early tomorrow ____ there's a lot of traffic when we get to London.
A. unless B. so long as C. in case D. if
79. Why were you acting ____ you hadn't seen the boss?
A. the way B. as though C. like D. as
80. He ran ____ he could to catch up with her.
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85. A year out provided him with so extensive experience that his university was very impressed.
A B C D
86. You can leave early this morning in case you promise to make up this afternoon.
A B C D
87. Oil and gas prices have raised so rapidly in the past few months that some commuters have been forced
to
A B C D
alter their travelling habits.
88. Scarlet could type much faster than anyone else in the office does.
A B C D
89. Last year, the company went bankrupt so sudden that everyone was taken by surprise.
A B C D
90. We have such a lot of bills to pay we don't have any money for luxuries.
A B C D
Part IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 9. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
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Being successful does depend on luck, to a certain extent. But things are more likely to (117) ____
well if you persevere and stay positive.
106. A. talented B. invested C. mixed D. workable
107. A. alert B. clever C. intelligent D. aware
108. A. mind B. brain C. thought D. idea
109. A. cease B. remove C. avoid D. prevent
110. A. outcome B. result C. effect D. consequence
111. A. lacking B. short C. missing D. absent
112. A. suggests B. advises C. proposes D. explains
113. A. think B. consider C. look round D. take
114. A. career B. business C. job D. work
115. A. mess B. rubbish C. trash D. garbage
116. A. put off B. bank on C. keep on D. drop in on
117. A. turn out B. come into C. deal with D. sail through
Exercise 11. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Although I left university with a good degree, I suddenly found that it was actually quite hard to find
a job. After being unemployed for a few months, I realized I had to take the first thing that came
along or I'd be in serious financial difficulties. And so, for six very long months, I became a market
research telephone interviewer.
I knew it wasn't the best company in the world when they told me that I'd have to undergo three days
of training before starting work, and that I wouldn't get paid for any of it. Still, I knew that the hourly
rate when I actually did start full time would be a lot better than unemployment benefit, and I could
work up to twelve hours a day, seven days a week if I wanted. So, I thought of the money I'd earn and
put up with three days of unpaid training. Whatever those three days taught me - and I can't really
remember anything about them today - I wasn't prepared for the way I would be treated by the
supervisors.
It was worse than being at school. There were about twenty interviewers like myself, each sitting in a
small, dark booth with an ancient computer and a dirty telephone. The booths were around the walls
of the fifth floor of a concrete office block, and the supervisors sat in the middle of the room,
listening in to all of our telephone interviews. We weren't allowed to talk to each other, and if we
took more than about two seconds from ending one phone call and starting another, they would shout
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at us to hurry up and get on with our jobs. We even had to ask for permission to go to the toilet. I was
amazed how slowly the day went. Our first break of the day came at eleven o'clock, two hours after
we started. I'll always remember that feeling of despair when I would look at my watch thinking, 'It's
must be nearly time for the break', only to find that it was quarter to ten and that there was another
hour and a quarter to go. My next thought was always, 'I can't believe I'm going to be here until nine
o'clock tonight.'
The most frightening aspect of the job was that I was actually quite good at it. 'Oh, no!' I thought.
‘Maybe I'm destined to be a market researcher for the rest of my life.' My boss certainly seemed to
think so. One day - during a break, of course - she ordered me into her office. 'Simon,' she said, 'I'm
promoting you. From tomorrow, you're off telecoms and onto credit card complaints. I'm sure you
can handle it. There's no extra pay, but it is a very responsible position.'
Three weeks later, I quit. It was one of the best decisions I've ever made.
118. Why did the writer become a market research telephone interviewer?
A. He had completely run out of money. B. He had the right university degree for the job.
C. It was the first job he was offered. D. He knew it was only for six months.
119. The writer had doubts about the company when ____.
A. they only offered him three days of training
B. they told him he wouldn't receive payment for his training
C. they told him he had to be trained first
D. he was told what the hourly rate would be
120. His workplace could be best described as ____.
A. large and noisy B. silent and dirty
C. untidy and crowded D. old-fashioned and uncomfortable
121. How did he feel when he realized it wasn't time for the break yet?
A. He felt that he would have to go home early.
B. He felt that he wouldn't survive to the end of the day.
C. He felt that the end of the day seemed so long away.
D. He felt that he must have made a mistake.
122. What was unusual about Simon's promotion?
A. It showed how good he was at his job. B. It meant he would be phoning different
people.
C. It involved greater responsibility. D. There was no increase in salary.
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Exercise 12. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
THE SECRETARY
In olden days, when a glimpse of stocking was looked upon as something far too shocking to distract
the serious work of an office, secretaries were men.
Then came the First World War and the male secretaries were replaced by women. A man's secretary
became his personal servant, charged with remembering his wife's birthday and buying her presents;
taking his suits to the dry-cleaners; telling lies on the telephone to keep people he did not wish to
speak to at bay; and, of course, typing, filing and taking shorthand.
Now all this may be changing again. The microchip and high technology is sweeping the British
office, taking with it much of the routine clerical work that secretaries did. "Once office technology
takes over generally, the status of the job will rise again because it will involve only the high-
powered work - and then men will want to do it again."
That was said by one of the executives (male) of one of the biggest secretarial agencies in this
country. What he has predicted is already under way in the US. One girl described to me a recent
temporary job placing men in secretarial jobs in San Francisco, she noted that all the men she dealt
with appeared to be gay so possibly that is just a new twist to the old story.
Over here, though, there are men coming onto the job market as secretaries. Classically, girls have
learned shorthand and typing and gone into a company to seek their fortune from the bottom - and
that's what happened to John Bowman. Although he joined a national grocery chain as secretary to its
first woman senior manager, he has since been promoted to an administrative job.
"I filled in the application form and said I could do audio/typing, and in fact I was the only applicant.
The girls were reluctant to work for this young, glamorous new woman with all this power in the
firm.
I did typing at school, and then a commercial course. I just thought it would be useful finding a job. I
never got any funny treatment from the girls, though I admit I've never met another male secretary.
But then I joined the Post Office as a clerk and fiddled with the typewriter, and wrote letters, and
thought that after all secretaries were getting a good £ 1,000 a year more than clerks like me. There
were a shortage at that time, you see.
It was simpler working for a woman than for a man. I found she made decisions, she told everybody
what she thought, and there was none of that male bitchiness, or that stuff 'ring this number for me
dear' which men go in for.
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Don't forget we were a team - that's how I feel about it - not boss and servant but two people doing
different things for the same purpose.”
One high technology has made the job of secretary less routine, will there be a male takeover? Men
should beware of thinking that they can walk right into the better jobs. There are a lot of women
secretaries who will do the job as well as them - not just because they can buy negligees for the boss's
wife, but because they are as efficient and well-trained to cope with word processors and computers
as men.
123. Before 1914 female secretaries were rare because they ____.
A. were less efficient than men B. wore stockings
C. were not as serious as men D. would have disturbed the other office workers
124. A female secretary has been expected, besides other duties, to ____.
A. be her boss's memory B. do everything her boss asked her to
C. clean her boss's clothes D. telephone her boss's wife
125. A secretary in the future will ____.
A. be better paid B. have less work to do
C. have higher status D. have more work to do
126. He was given his first job as a secretary because ____.
A. he had the best qualifications B. he was lucky
C. he wanted to work for a woman D. no one else applied
127. He did a commercial course because he ____.
A. couldn't think of anything else to do B. thought it would help him to find a job
C. had done typing at school D. wanted to become a secretary
128. When he was a post office clerk, secretaries were better paid because ____.
A. not many were looking for jobs B. they were better trained
C. they had greater responsibility D. they worked longer hours
129. He found that working for a female boss was less ____.
A. boring B. easy C. complicated D. frustrating
130. The writer believes that before long ____.
A. men and women will be secretaries B. men will take over women's jobs as secretaries
C. men will better with machines D. women will operate most office machines
Part VI. WRITING
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Exercise 13. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the
following questions.
131. Thanks to her high grades at university, Barbara is offered the position.
A. If she got high grades at university, Barbara would be offered the position.
B. It was her high grades at university which offer Barbara the position.
C. If she hadn't got high grades at university, Barbara would not have been offered the position.
D. If she had not got high grades at university, Barbara would not be offered the position.
132. Unless you come on time, we will go without you.
A. Come on time or we will go without you.
B. Come on time, we will go without you.
C. Because of your punctuality, we will go without you.
D. Without your coming on time, we will go.
133. They got success in their job interviews since they took my advice.
A. They took my advice, and failed in their job interviews.
B. If they did not take my advice, they would not get success in their job interviews.
C. But for taking my advice, they would not have got success in their job interviews.
D. My advice stopped them from getting success in the job interviews.
134. They waited such a long time that baby Caroline started to cry.
A. They waited too long for baby Caroline not to cry.
B. They waited so long that baby Caroline started to cry.
C. They waited long enough for baby Caroline to start to cry.
D. They waited enough long for baby Caroline to start to cry.
135. Although he lacked experience, he was offered the job.
A. Despite of his lack experience, he was offered the job.
B. Despite of his lack of experience, he was offered the job.
C. In spite of his lack experience, he was offered the job.
D. In spite of the fact that he lacked experience, he was offered the job.
136. As long as you finish your work, you can leave early.
A. You can't leave early until you finish your work.
B. Unless you finish your work, you can leave early.
C. Provided that you finish your work, you can leave early.
D. If only you finish your work, you can leave early.
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B. When I judge by the car he drives, I'd say he's got a pretty good job.
C. Unless I judge by the car he drives, I'd say he's got a pretty good job
D. Judging by the car he drives, I'd say he's got a pretty good job.
144. You gave us timely warning. We were unaware of the danger.
A. But for your timely warning, we would have been unaware of the danger.
B. Because of your timely warning, we would have been unaware of the danger.
C. Despite your timely warning, we would have been unaware of the danger.
D. Instead of your timely warning, we would have been unaware of the danger.
145 I didn't understand his instructions. I asked him to repeat what he had said.
A. I didn't understand his instructions because I asked him to repeat what he had said.
B. I didn't understand his instructions, and I asked him to repeat what he had said.
C. I didn't understand his instructions, for I asked him to repeat what he had said.
D. I didn't understand his instructions, so I asked him to repeat what he had said.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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Bài 2: Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb from the box.
care grow look make put run set switch
1. What time did Julie and Daniel _______ off?
2. Where did you _______ up?
3. Will you _______ up the doctor's number in the phone book?
4. Don't forget to _______ the heating off when you go out.
5. We _______ into Pete at the supermarket yesterday.
6. Millie's parents _______ for her children while she's at work.
7. I'm leaving - I can't _______ up with this situation any longer.
8. Mark still hasn't _______ his mind up about which laptop to buy.
Bài 3: fill the blank in each sentence to complete the phrasal verb. A synonym for the phrasal verb is
given in brackets at the end of each question.
1. Come on, cheer _______ a little - don't be so miserable! Life's fun. (improve your mood)
2. You can't rely on him. He's let me _______ so many times, (disappoint)
3. In my opinion, money really brings _______ the worst in people - greed jealousy and envy, (make
noticeable)
4. I'll drop the books _______ at your place tomorrow, (bring)
5. He pointed _______ a few things to US that we hadn't noticed, (bring attention to)
6. I'm clever, sharp and creative. I'm always coming _______ with new innovative ideas, (create, produce by
thought)
7. We asked him to resign because he simply didn't fit _______ with our team, (suit, be similar to)
8. I've given Martin the task of sorting _______ the problems with that new customer; he has the most
experience with that type of thing, (solve)
9. You'd better call a plumber. The heating system has broken _______ again, (stop working)
10. Give me a few more minutes, please; I need a while to look _______ these reports I've just received from
head office, (examine quickly)
Bài 4: fill in the blank with a preposition from the box.
along for off on out up
1. You must carry _______ the instructions carefully. A lot depends on it.
2. After searching the Internet for some time we finally found _______ where he lives.
3. I gave _______ playing football a long time ago.
4. The energy company cut _______ our electricity because we couldn't pay the bills.
5. After a short break, the secretary carried _______ with her work.
6. As a single mother she brought _______ two children on her own.
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Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ điều kiện bắt đầu bằng "if" và "unless"
E.g: If I were you, I would go to France with him.
Bài 7: Find out the adverbial clauses in the following sentences and state the kind of each.
1. Even if it rains, I will come.
2. When you have finished your work, you may go home.
3. You can put it wherever you like.
4. I did not buy that watch because it was expensive.
5. You must go whether you hear from him or not.
6. He spoke in such a low voice that few people could hear him.
7. Since you have apologized, we will take no further action against you.
8. I have not been well since I returned from the hills.
9. He was so weak that he could not stand.
10. As he was not there, I spoke to his mother.
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Bài 9: Choose the best sentence that is closest in meaning to the given one.
1. The children laughed a lot because of the funny story.
A. The children laughed a lot because the story is funny.
B. The children laughed a lot because of the story funny.
C. The children laughed a lot because it was funny.
D. The children laughed a lot because the story was funny.
2. Although he took a taxi, Bill still arrived late for the concert.
A. Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi.
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Although Bill took a taxi, he can't come to the concert on time.
3. She was so busy that she couldn't answer the phone.
A. Because she was very busy, she couldn't answer the phone.
B. Because she was very busy, she could answer the phone.
C. Although she was very busy, she couldn't answer the phone.
D. Although she was very busy, she could answer the phone.
4. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't open the door.
A. Although I tried very hard, I couldn't open the door.
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Bài 12: Read the sentences on the left and match the phrasal verbs with their definitions on the right
1. While cleaning the basement I CAME ACROSS something I thought I A. continue doing
had lost years ago.
2. Jimmy CAME INTO a lot of money, which changed his life completely. B. discuss in detail
3. They decided to GO AHEAD with their trip despite the bad weather C. end
conditions
4. That tie GOES WITH your suit nicely. D. find by chance
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Bài 14: Complete each gap with the correct form of a verb. The resulting phrasal verbs should have
the same meaning as the definitions in brackets.
1. Susan (think of) _______ up with the idea for her new business when she was working in
a bank. She (stop doing) _______ up her job there and (start) _______ up her own company.
2. I've had no luck with my job applications. Several companies have (reject) _______ me down because of
my age: they only want to (start to employ) _______ on people with experience. Now I'm (investigate)
_______ into the possibility of going abroad to find work.
3. All the time I was (go from childhood to adulthood) _______ up I (admire and respect) _______ up to my
dad - he was my role model. Then, when I was 21, he was imprisoned for theft. I felt so (disappoint)
_______ down by him.
4. Someone painted graffiti on all the school walls except one - maybe they (use up) _______ out of paint.
No one has (confess) _______ up to doing it yet, but the teachers are determined to (discover) _______ out
who it was.
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5. I don't know if I can (stand, tolerate) _______ up with my dad for much longer - he's always (criticize
angrily) _______ me off for stupid, unimportant things. I (have a friendly relationship with) _______ on well
with my mum.
6. John's offered to (let me stay in his house) _______ me up when I go to London. It's ages since I last saw
him; I'm really (feel excited about) _______ forward to meeting up with him again. I was going to stay with
him last summer but he had to (postpone) _______ it off because he was in hospital.
Bài 15: Use the adverbs in the box to complete the sentences.
away (x2) down (x2) in (x2) out (x2) up (x2) on (x2)
1. You have got exams soon. You can't carry _______ going out every night.
2. We'll never have this problem sorted _______ if we don't talk about it.
3. We've been asked to come _______ with some new ideas.
4. He gave _______ most of his books when he finished university.
5. Why don't you put _______ your new outfit and we'll go out for dinner.
6. I'm trying to find _______ about English courses in the area.
7. She was exhausted and didn't feel like joining _______ the game.
8. My husband drinks too much coffee but he's trying to cut _______.
9. I'm glad that the situation is improving. It's time things picked _______.
10. They like to get _______ from Hanoi as often as they can.
11. You shouldn't look _______ on people just because they are poorer and have less education than you.
12. It's very cold. Winter seems to have set _______ early this year.
Bài 16: Rewrite the following sentences, using the correct form of the phrasal verbs in brackets.
1. He continued to work even after he had been seriously ill. (carry on)
______________________________________.
2. They waited for him for over two hours before he finally arrived, (turn up)
______________________________________.
3. 1 went to bed later than usual because I wanted to watch the film, (stay up)
______________________________________.
4. After several calls, I succeeded in reaching her on the telephone, (get through)
______________________________________.
5. It will take them an hour to complete all these forms, (fill in)
______________________________________.
6. We can let you stay for the night in the spare room, (put up)
______________________________________.
7. Please stop inventing excuses for why you won't go out with me. (make up)
______________________________________.
8. She found a solution to the problem, (work out)
______________________________________.
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Bài 17: Use the correct form of the phrasal verbs in the box to complete the text.
breakdown bring up end up give up
grow up knockout not get on with take up
She (1) _______ boxing when she was 21. Since then she has won five women's heavyweight boxing titles.
Her childhood wasn't always easy. She (2) _______ in a famous family but her parents were divorced and
she (3) _______ by her mother. Unfortunately, she (4) _______ her father, whom she only saw during the
summers. Before long, she started getting into trouble and fighting with people. She says that she wouldn't
start the fights but she wouldn't (5) _______ from one either. Eventually, she (6) _______ in trouble with the
law; when she was 16, her boyfriend gave her a credit card but she didn't tell her it was stolen. In 1999, she
(7) _______ her job in a salon, joined a gym and started boxing. She had her first fight in October 1999. She
(8) _______ April Fowler in the first few minutes of the fight.
TEST 1
A. PHONETICS
I. Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
1. A. twice B. flight C. piece D. mind
2. A. about B. around C. sound D. young
3. A. cover B. oven C. coffee D. company
4. A. plates B. cakes C. mates D. said
5. A. laughed B. learned C. changed D. arrived
II. Choose the words that has the different stress from the others.
1. A. geography B. evacuate C. emergency D. temporary
2. A. career B. response C. downside D. mature
3. A. scatter B. earthquake C. collapse D. mudslide
4. A. examination B. exciting C. experience D. expert
5. A. university B. managerial C. opportunity D. enthusiastic
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Complete each sentence using a verb from A (in the correct form) + a wordfrom B. You can use a
word more than once.
A. fly get go look sit speak
B. away by down on out round up
1. The bus was full. We couldn't ________________________.
2. I've been standing for the last two hours. I'm going to _____________________ for a bit.
3. A cat tried to catch the bird, but it _____________________ just in time.
4. We were trapped in the building. We couldn't ______________________.
5. I can't hear you very well. Can you _____________________ a little?
6. "Do you speak German?" - "Not very well, but I can _____________________.”
7. The cost of living is higher now. Prices have _____________________ a lot.
8. I thought there was somebody behind me, but when I _____________________, there was nobody there.
II. Use your own ideas to complete the sentences. Use a noun (this newspaper,...) or a pronoun (it/
them/...) + the word in brackets (away/ up/...)
1. Don't _________________ throw away _________________ this newspaper. I want to keep it. (away)
2. "Do you want this postcasd?"
"No, you can _________________ throw it away _________________." (away)
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3. I borrowed these books from the library. I have to take _________________ tomorrow. (back)
4. We can turn _________________. Nobody is watching it. (off)
5. A: How did the vase get broken?
B: I'm afraid I knocked _________________ while I was cleaning. (off)
6. Shh! My mother is asleep. I don't want to wake _________________. (up)
7. It's quite cold. You should put _________________ if you're going out. (on)
8. It was only a small fire. I was able to put it _________________ quite easily. (out)
9. A: Is this hotel more expensive than when we stayed here last year?
B: Yes, they've put __________________ .(up)
10. It's a bit dark in this room. Shall I turn _________________? (on)
III. Use the correct word in the box to complete each sentence.
interviewer multimedia options appropriate professional
careers attitudes qualified experience university
1. Wear clothes that are _____________________ for the job you want.
2. I am keen to develop my _____________________ skills and look forward to discussing my application
with you at an interview.
3. Remember that the __________________ probably has a lot of CVs to read, so keep it short and easy to
read.
4. I would like to work in _____________________ video and audio productions, where I could be close to
famous actors or singers.
5. You have to consider the things you actually enjoy doing and then research the career
__________________
that exist in that same area.
6. You may have to spend some time working for free in order to gain the _____________________ that lets
toy stand out from the crowd.
7. Most secondary school students take to _______________________ life like a duck to water.
8. You should do a school _____________________ test that will give you some ideas about what you
should do for a job.
9. Workplace _____________________ have an effect on every person in the organization, from the
employees to the company owner.
10. The job application letter you send to an employer explains why you are _____________________ for
the position and should be selected for an interview.
IV. Give the correct form of the word.
1. She enjoys reading, knitting, and other quiet ______________________. PURSUE
2. Business is going so well that they hired seven new ______________________ in their department last
month. EMPLOY
3. Job _____________________ is the assurance that an employee has about the continuity of employment
for his or her work life. SECURE
4. The way is long and we shall have to get over the _____________________ of it. TEDIOUS
5. There are lots of different factors that go into _____________________ a career path. CHOOSE
6. We hope this guide helps you to _____________________ a desirable career path after high school.
PURSUIT
7. There are many pathways from school that can lead to a _____________________ career. REWARD
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8. High school _____________________ may be deciding whether they should enter the workforce or go to
college. GRADUATION
9. Get an English-speaking friend to check it for you, or you can find some useful phrases from
_____________________ job websites. DIFFERENCE
10. Look for job _____________________ in the local newspaper and log on to some job
websites. VACANCY
V. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. I consider myself to be trustworthy, responsible and enthusiastic.
A. worthwhile B. talented C. honest D. skilled
2. The experience from an adventurous expedition to a rainforest will broaden your horizons and teach you
new skills.
A. expand your range of interests and knowledge B. open your views
C. widen your eyes D. be an eye-opener
3. Lucy has just finished her A levels and she has got a place at university, but she would really like a break
from the academic world. Therefore, he decides to take a gap year and travel around the word!
A. a year off B. a year out C. a year away D. a year's trip
4. Finally, Amy decided to quit her job as she couldn't stand doing the same things days in days out. It's so
monotonous!
A. easy B. low-paid C. tedious D. secure
5. I am available for an interview all afternoons, except on Tuesday because I am doing a computer course
to improve my typing skills.
A. willing B. free C. impatient D. longing
6. We want to recruit the brightest and the best. If you think you fit the bill, fill in an application form today.
A. are able to pay the bill B. are suitable C. are of the right size D. are excellent
7. As he lived in a small town outside the city, he had to commute every day.
A. take a bus to work B. drive to work
C. take a life to work D. travel a long way to and from work
8. The atmosphere at work was so bad that Brian eventually decided to hand in his notice.
A. notify the boss B. apply for another job C. give up his job D. be given a better job
9. My boss has a reputation for being such a slave-driver!
A. working overtime B. working excessively hard
C. being slave to work D. making his staff work too hard
10. There are excellent prospects for promotion, and you'll know you're doing something to benefit society.
A. opportunities B. likelihoods C. futures D. potentials
VI. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. You are expected to ask the prospective candidates a technical question to judge their ability.
A. potential B. possible C. aspiring D. former
2. Though many scientific breakthroughs have resulted from mishaps it has taken brilliant thinkers to
recognize their potential.
A. misunderstandings B. accidents C. incidentals D. misfortunes
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3. With many companies having to downsize in tough economic items, the outsourcing and contracting of
freelance workers online has become common business practice.
A. take on more staff B. lay off their employees
C. close down their branches D. notify to break down
4. The Internet provides an infinite pool of buyers from around the world with whom freelancers can
contract their services.
A. quite a few B. many a C. a wide variety of D. a limited number of
5. Well, I want to go straight to university, but I'm also thinking of applying for a temporary job in the
summer.
A. part-time B. full-time C. permanent D seasonal
6. John was promoted last month for being such a committed worker.
A. dishonest B. irresponsible C. unenthusiastic D. unreliable
7. With so many breakthroughs in robotic science and technology, much manual work will soon be taken
over by robots.
A. intellectual work B. physical work C. monotonous work D. dull work
8. I'd go mad if I had to do a dead-end job like working on a supermarket checkout.
A. boring B. monotonous C. fascinating D. demanding
9. He's just so flexible. He'll adapt to any situation.
A. adaptable B. rigid C. intelligent D. autonomous
10. Most, not to say all, off the employers want to look for candidates with punctuality, so make sure you
make a positive impression on them by showing up on time for the interview.
A. good time management B. ability to meet deadlines C. being late D. being in time
VII. Find the one choice that best completes the sentence.
1. He ____ all his money, then closed the account.
A. took out B. took away C. paid in D. paid off
2. He was convicted of using the firm's money to pay ____ his gambling.
A. in B. off C. back D. towards
3. At the meeting, someone brought ____ the subject pre-school education.
A. in B. on C. up D. out
4. Whatever your decision, bear in mind that most people change ____ paths up to five times during their
lifetime.
A. occupation B. career C. job D. vocation
5. I got on so well with my tutor ____ I did with my elder brother.
A. so B. like C. as if D. as
6. It's taking me longer to get ____ the operation than I thought.
A. through B. by C. up from D. over
7. For careers that truly interest you, consider asking each person if you can ____ him or her at work.
A. shadow B. monitor C. follow D. search
8. If you're required to fill out an application form, you'll still need to ____ the best way to present your
skills and experience.
A. work out B. come up C. exercise D. make out
9. When the princess kissed the frog, it turned ____ a handsome prince.
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hand, many industries such as hospitality, law education, and retail sales are found in all regions of the
country.
If a high salary is important to you, do not judge a career by its starting wages. Many jobs, such as
insurance sales, offers relatively low starting salaries; however, pay substantially increases along with your
experience, additional training, promotions and commission. Don't rule out any occupation without learning
more about it. Some industries evoke positive or negative associations. The traveling life of a flight attendant
appears glamorous, while that of a plumber does not. Remember that many jobs are not what they appear to
be at first, and may have merits or demerits that are less obvious. Flight attendants must work long, grueling
hours without sleeps, whereas plumbers can be as highly paid as some doctors.
Another point to consider is that as you mature, you will likely develop new interests and skills that
may point the way to new opportunities. The choice you make today need not be your final one.
1. The word "them" in paragraph 2 refers to ____.
A. questions B. answers C. features D. jobs
2. The word "that" in paragraph 4 refers to ____.
A. occupation B. the traveling life C. a flight attendant D. commission
3. According to paragraph 3, which of the following fields is NOT suitable for a person who does not want
to live in a big city?
A. plumbing B. law C. retail sales D. advertising
4. The word "assessing" in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ____.
A. discovering B. considering C. measuring D. disposing
5. The word "evoke" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. agree on B. bring to mind C. be related to D. differ from
6. It can be inferred from the paragraph 3 that ____.
A. jobs in insurance sales are generally not well-paid.
B. insurance sales people can earn high salary later in their career.
C. people should constantly work toward the next promotion
D. a starting salary should be an important consideration in choosing a career.
7. The author states that "There are no right or wrong answers" in order to ____.
A. emphasize that each person's answers will be different.
B. show that answering the questions is a long and difficult process.
C. indicate that the answers are not really important.
D. indicate that each person's answers may change over time.
8. In paragraph 5, the author suggests that ____.
A. you may want to change careers at some time in the future.
B. as you get older, your career will probably less fulfilling.
C. you will be at your job for a lifetime, so choose carefully.
D. you will probably jobless at some time in the future.
9. Why does the author mention "long, grueling hours without sleeps" in paragraph 4?
A. To emphasize the difficulty of working as a plumber.
B. To contrast the reality of a flight attendant's job with most people's perception.
C. To show that people must work hard for the career they have chosen.
D. To discourage readers from choosing a career as a flight attendant.
D. WRITING
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I. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given
sentence.
1. There was no precedent for his falling out with his parents.
Never
______________________________________________________________________________
2. In spite of all the hardships in life, she managed to raise five children on her own.
Although
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Had it not been for your generosity, we couldn't have pulled off the event.
But for
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. "I knew you were trouble all along, yet I couldn't resist loving you." said Lana to her boyfriend.
Lana told
____________________________________________________________________________
5. "Why not going to the cinema instead of that boring park?" he said.
He suggested
________________________________________________________________________
6. Angelina Jolie is the talented actress I admire the most.
There
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. Sarah was totally devoted to her geographical project and took no notice of her friends.
Sarah dedicated
______________________________________________________________________
8. Tommy's really handsome but I wouldn't love him.
Handsome
___________________________________________________________________________
II. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given
sentence.
1. "Are you going out tonight or not?" asked her dad.
Her dad
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. You must have this fridge fixed, some water is leaking out of it.
This fridge needs
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Although Lana was disabled, she could do almost anything.
Despite
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. "I'm sorry that I couldn't come to your graduation party." said Randall's mother.
Randall's mother apologized
____________________________________________________________
5. After graduating from high school, John continued to study at the local university.
John went on
_________________________________________________________________________
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IV. Complete the sentences using a word from A and a word from B. You can use a word more than
once.
A away back forward in up
B at through to with
1. You're walking too fast. I can't keep _______________________ you.
2. My holidays are nearly over. Next week I'll be ______________________ work.
3. We went ______________________ the top floor of the building to admire the view.
4. Are you looking ______________________ the party next week?
5. There was a bank robbery last week. The robbers got ______________________ $50,000.
6. I love to look ______________________ the stars in the sky at night.
7. I was sitting in the kitchen when suddenly a bird flew _______________________ the open window.
V. Complete the sentences using the following verbs + it/ them/ me.
get out wake up fill in give back switch on take off
1. They gave me a form and told me to ___________ fill it in ____________.
2. I'm going to bed now. Can you ___________________ at 6.30?
3. I've got something in my eye and I can't _______________________.
4. I don't like it when people borrow things and don't _____________________.
5. I want to use the kettle. How do I _____________________?
6. My shoes are dirty. I'd better _____________________ before going into the house.
VI. Give the correct form of the word to complete the following sentences.
1. Normally, apprentices are assigned to a more senior staff member and spend some time
_________________
them and getting to grips with the basics of the job. SHADOW
2. Frankly, you are by far the best _____________________ for the job; I'd like to make you an offer.
APPLY
3. The point at which you are fully grown is an example of when you achieve __________________.
MATURE
4. He attended a meeting of the __________________ committee. ADVISE
5. You have the _________________________ of email, texting, webcams, or chat rooms to be in touch.
DISADVANTAGE
6. The one huge downside to becoming an adult is that _________________ is not easy for you any more.
LIVE
7. If you are __________________ a career as a mechanic, ask one of your relatives following that career if
you can shadow him. CONSIDER
8. In the first week at university, you have your timetable and other paperwork sorted, then you can and
_____________________ take in the student atmosphere. RELAXING
9. The whole community is _______________________ to get to grips with road accidents. STRUGGLE
10. Showing common sense and making adult ______________________ is an example of maturity.
DECIDE
VII. Choose the right word that best fits each of the blank spaces.
vocational opportunities major step careers
environment professionals descriptions succeed advantage
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If you've recently graduated from high school, you reach a (1) ______________ milestone in your
life. This can be an exciting time for you. However, it can also be a confusing period when you don't know
what (2) ______________ to take next in your life.
First, start by sitting down and thinking about your interests and career goals. Think about the types
of (3) ______________ you'd consider working in. you can use a self- assessment tool that analyzes your
skills, work values, and interests.
Next, seek guidance from counselors and career services offered at your school. They may help
suggest a path that encompasses your values. If you have yet to graduate, guidance counselors can give you
information about colleges, career schools, and (4) ______________ training programmes. You may also
want to explore military service or post-secondary education (5) ______________.
There are numerous types of career to consider before and after you graduate high school. Take time
to explore various careers. You may be surprised to find career (6) ______________ that you didn't even
know existed. You can learn about the professional background, job growth, and wage information for these
careers. You can also learn about the training you will need to (7) ______________ in these various career
fields.
Take (8) ______________ of talking to working professionals you may know. Ask your relatives,
neighbors, or your friends' parents about their careers. If their careers sound interesting, pick a time to sit
down and talk with them. If you visit an (9) ______________ you are interested in, such as a doctors' office,
pharmacy, or dental office, speak with (10) ______________ you meet along the way. They may give you
tips or ideas of what it's like to work in their position.
VIII. Choose the word (A, B, C, or D) that best fits each of the blank spaces.
Life after high school doesn't end. In fact, life begins once there are no more lockers, gym class, or
teachers nagging you about homework.
In terms of choosing the (1) ____ career, it is important to consider a career assessment test in which
you answer a series of questions designed to (2) ____ your strengths and weaknesses. While career tests
should not be your main source of decision making, you can use them as a tool to help you decide what
career might match your (3) ____.
Think about your interests and hobbies. If you enjoy science, you may want to apply to college and
pursue a career in engineering or marine (4) ____.Write a list of possible careers that match your interests
and your capabilities. If you find you are happiest when you work with others, jot down that you are a team
player. In that case, you may want to consider jobs that involve people interaction instead of careers like
computer programming or writing, which require more alone time. Speak to an adult you trust about your
ideas and be willing to receive (5) ____.
Narrow your options and look for a career with growth (6) ____. While it is important to pick a
career that will stimulate your mind, it is also important to be practical about the market. If you decide that
you want to go college, you will need to pick a career that enables you to make a living (7) ____ you
graduate.
Jump into the first step of realizing your career dreams. If you have decided that you would like to
pursue a career that requires higher education, do your (8) ____ on applying to the college or programme,
including qualifications, application deadlines, tuition fees and length of study. If you have decided on a
career that does not require higher education, start looking for ways to enter the field and (9) ____
experience. Speak to someone who already has your dream job. This person can provide a better picture of
the pros and cons of the (10) ____
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Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the
position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
6. A. rewarding B. fascinating C. tedious D. challenging
7. A. prospect B. reference C. promoted D. interview
8. A. unemployment B. economics C. manufacture D. responsible
9. A. workforce B. high-flyer C. handshake D. headhunt
10. A. commuter B. commitment C. employee D. attendant
Part II. VOCABULARY
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
11. I was only absent ____ the office for a few minutes!
A. for B. from C. in D. about
12. She became a full-time member of ____ last year.
A. employees B. employers C. workers D. staff
13. The ____ for this position starts at thirty thousand euros per year.
A. wage B. payment C. salary D. tip
14. Shelley disagreed with the board's decision so she ____ and went to work for another company.
A. retired B. fired C. sacked D. resigned
15. Being a flight attendant is a ____ job. You may have to work long hours on long haul flights and not get
enough sleep.
A. tedious B. demanding C. rewarding D. fascinating
16. I think that doing medical research would be really ____ because this job would save people's lives.
A. challenging B. tiresome C. rewarding D. monotonous
17. I am writing in ____ to your advertisement on Vietnamework.com for the post of a personal assistant.
A. connection B. association C. relation D . response
18. Some people ____ to London every day from as far away as Leeds.
A. connect B. commute C. commence D. correspond
19. When the factory closed, over a hundred people were ____ redundant.
A. made B. given C. taken D. done
20. Most governments tax people on the amount of money they ____ each year.
A. win B. gain C. earn D. benefit
21. After working at the same company for thirty years, my grandfather was looking forward to his ____.
A. overtime B. pension C. charity D. allowance
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36. As he lived in a small town outside the city, he had to commute every day.
A. take a bus to work B. drive to work
C. take a lift to work D. travel a long way to and from work
37. The atmosphere at work was so bad that Brian eventually decided to hand in his notice.
A. notify the boss B. apply for another job C. give up his job D. be given a better job
38. My boss has a reputation for being such a slave-driver!
A. working overtime B. working excessively hard
C. being slave to work D. making his staff work too hard
39. There are excellent prospects for promotion, and you'll know you're doing something to benefit society.
A. opportunities B. likelihoods C. futures D. potentials
40. We want to recruit the brightest and the best. If you think you fit the bill, fill in an application form
today.
A. are able to pay the bill B. are suitable C. are of the right size D. are excellent
41. I am available for an interview all afternoons, except on Tuesday because I am doing a computer course
to improve my typing skills.
A. willing B. free C. impatient D. longing
42. Finally, Amy decided to quit her job as she couldn't stand doing the same things days in days out. It's so
monotonous!
A. easy B. low-paid C. tedious D. secure
43. Lucy has just finished her A levels and she has got a place at university, but she would really like a break
from the academic world. Therefore, she decides to take a gap year and travel around the world!
A. a year off B. a year out C. a year away D. a year's trip 122
44. The experience from an adventurous expedition to a rainforest will broaden your horizons and teach you
new skills.
A. expand your range of interests and knowledge B. open your views
C. widen your eyes D. be an eye-opener
45. I consider myself to be trustworthy, responsible and enthusiastic.
A. worthwhile B. talented C. honest D. skilled
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
46. Well, I want to go straight to university, but I'm also thinking of applying for a temporary job in the
summer.
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A B C D
89. Last year, the company went bankrupt so sudden that everyone was taken by surprise.
A B C D
90. We have such a lot of bills to pay we don't have any money for luxuries.
A B C D
Part IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 9. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
91. "Why don't you wear trainers to work?" “____”
A. My boss doesn't want to. B. We aren't allowed to.
C. We aren't let wear. D. My boss makes me not to.
92. “Would you mind telling me where he works?” “ ____”
A. Yes, I would. B. Never mind.
C. No, of course not. D. Well, he works in a hospital.
93. "How's your new car?" “____”
A. More fast than my old one. B. As fast as possible.
C. Much faster than my old one. D. Most fast so far.
94. “What are you going to do after leaving school?“ “____”
A. I'd like to take a year out and travel abroad. B. My dream job is becoming a
journalist.
C. Well, I love taking care of kids. D. I'm going to drop out of school.
95. “What's your dream job?" "____”
A. I want to gain work experience first. B. I've always wanted to be a doctor.
C. I want to be successful. D. I'd like to go straight into university.
96. “What qualities do you have that make you a suitable candidate for this post?” “____”
A. Well, I have a lot of qualifications that match.
B. I'm highly qualified for the post.
C. I used to work in a similar position for two years.
D. I consider myself to be trustworthy, responsible and punctual.
97. “Do you like my jacket? It's made of pure silk." "____”
A. You're such a show off! B. No, not for me.
C. Really? It must have cost you a fortune. D. Yes, give it to me.
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achieve a certain goal, such as writing a novel, don't let the negative criticism of others (109) ____
you from reaching your target, and let constructive criticism have positive (110) ____ on your work.
If someone says you're totally (111) ____ in talent, ignore them. That's negative criticism. If,
however, someone (112) ____ you to revise your work and gives you good reasons for doing so, you
should (113) ____ their suggestions carefully. There are many film stars who were once out of (114)
____. There are many famous novelists who made a complete (115) ____ of their first novel - or who
didn't, but had to (116) ____ approaching hundreds of publishers before they could get it published.
Being successful does depend on luck, to a certain extent. But things are more likely to (117) ____
well if you persevere and stay positive.
106. A. talented B. invested C. mixed D. workable
107. A. alert B. clever C. intelligent D. aware
108. A. mind B. brain C. thought D. idea
109. A. cease B. remove C. avoid D. prevent
110. A. outcome B. result C. effect D. consequence
111. A. lacking B. short C. missing D. absent
112. A. suggests B. advises C. proposes D. explains
113. A. think B. consider C. look round D. take
114. A. career B. business C. job D. work
115. A. mess B. rubbish C. trash D. garbage
116. A. put off B. bank on C. keep on D. drop in on
117. A. turn out B. come into C. deal with D. sail through
Exercise 11. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Although I left university with a good degree, I suddenly found that it was actually quite hard to find
a job. After being unemployed for a few months, I realized I had to take the first thing that came
along or I'd be in serious financial difficulties. And so, for six very long months, I became a market
research telephone interviewer.
I knew it wasn't the best company in the world when they told me that I'd have to undergo three days
of training before starting work, and that I wouldn't get paid for any of it. Still, I knew that the hourly
rate when I actually did start full time would be a lot better than unemployment benefit, and I could
work up to twelve hours a day, seven days a week if I wanted. So, I thought of the money I'd earn and
put up with three days of unpaid training. Whatever those three days taught me - and I can't really
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remember anything about them today - I wasn't prepared for the way I would be treated by the
supervisors.
It was worse than being at school. There were about twenty interviewers like myself, each sitting in a
small, dark booth with an ancient computer and a dirty telephone. The booths were around the walls
of the fifth floor of a concrete office block, and the supervisors sat in the middle of the room,
listening in to all of our telephone interviews. We weren't allowed to talk to each other, and if we
took more than about two seconds from ending one phone call and starting another, they would shout
at us to hurry up and get on with our jobs. We even had to ask for permission to go to the toilet. I was
amazed how slowly the day went. Our first break of the day came at eleven o'clock, two hours after
we started. I'll always remember that feeling of despair when I would look at my watch thinking, 'It's
must be nearly time for the break', only to find that it was quarter to ten and that there was another
hour and a quarter to go. My next thought was always, 'I can't believe I'm going to be here until nine
o'clock tonight.'
The most frightening aspect of the job was that I was actually quite good at it. 'Oh, no!' I thought.
‘Maybe I'm destined to be a market researcher for the rest of my life.' My boss certainly seemed to
think so. One day - during a break, of course - she ordered me into her office. 'Simon,' she said, 'I'm
promoting you. From tomorrow, you're off telecoms and onto credit card complaints. I'm sure you
can handle it. There's no extra pay, but it is a very responsible position.'
Three weeks later, I quit. It was one of the best decisions I've ever made.
118. Why did the writer become a market research telephone interviewer?
A. He had completely run out of money. B. He had the right university degree for the job.
C. It was the first job he was offered. D. He knew it was only for six months.
119. The writer had doubts about the company when ____.
A. they only offered him three days of training
B. they told him he wouldn't receive payment for his training
C. they told him he had to be trained first
D. he was told what the hourly rate would be
120. His workplace could be best described as ____.
A. large and noisy B. silent and dirty
C. untidy and crowded D. old-fashioned and uncomfortable
121. How did he feel when he realized it wasn't time for the break yet?
A. He felt that he would have to go home early.
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I did typing at school, and then a commercial course. I just thought it would be useful finding a job. I
never got any funny treatment from the girls, though I admit I've never met another male secretary.
But then I joined the Post Office as a clerk and fiddled with the typewriter, and wrote letters, and
thought that after all secretaries were getting a good £ 1,000 a year more than clerks like me. There
were a shortage at that time, you see.
It was simpler working for a woman than for a man. I found she made decisions, she told everybody
what she thought, and there was none of that male bitchiness, or that stuff 'ring this number for me
dear' which men go in for.
Don't forget we were a team - that's how I feel about it - not boss and servant but two people doing
different things for the same purpose.”
One high technology has made the job of secretary less routine, will there be a male takeover? Men
should beware of thinking that they can walk right into the better jobs. There are a lot of women
secretaries who will do the job as well as them - not just because they can buy negligees for the boss's
wife, but because they are as efficient and well-trained to cope with word processors and computers
as men.
123. Before 1914 female secretaries were rare because they ____.
A. were less efficient than men B. wore stockings
C. were not as serious as men D. would have disturbed the other office workers
124. A female secretary has been expected, besides other duties, to ____.
A. be her boss's memory B. do everything her boss asked her to
C. clean her boss's clothes D. telephone her boss's wife
125. A secretary in the future will ____.
A. be better paid B. have less work to do
C. have higher status D. have more work to do
126. He was given his first job as a secretary because ____.
A. he had the best qualifications B. he was lucky
C. he wanted to work for a woman D. no one else applied
127. He did a commercial course because he ____.
A. couldn't think of anything else to do B. thought it would help him to find a job
C. had done typing at school D. wanted to become a secretary
128. When he was a post office clerk, secretaries were better paid because ____.
A. not many were looking for jobs B. they were better trained
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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b. Suppose / Supposing (giả sử như), in case (trong trường hợp), even if (ngay cả khi, cho dù), as long as,
so long as, provided (that), on condition (that) (miễn là, với điều kiện là) có thể thay cho if trong câu điều
kiện
E.g: Supposing (that) you are wrong, what will you do then?
c. Without: không có
E.g: Without water, life wouldn't exist. = If there were no water, life wouldn't exist.
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3. I wasn't able to help you because you didn't explain the problem to me.
I might______________________________.
4. They weren't listening carefully so they didn't understand what she was saying.
They might______________________________.
5. You took me to your friend's party and I met Hung.
If______________________________.
Bài 5: Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form, using a conditional sentence (type I, II, III)
1. If we meet at 9:30, we__________(to have) plenty of time.
2. Lisa would find the milk if she__________(to look) in the fridge.
3. The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she__________ (to feed) the animals.
4. If you spoke louder, your classmates__________ (to understand) you.
5. David__________(to arrive) safe if he drove slowly.
6. You__________(to have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework.
7. If you__________(to swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold.
8. The door will unlock if you__________(to press) the green button.
9. If Mel__________(to ask) her teacher, he'd have answered her questions.
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Bài 8: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Dialogue 1
Ann: How was your Spanish exam, Lisa?
Lisa: Fine, I guess. I got a B. I could have got a better mark provided I (1) __________(work) harder
on the verbs. And you?
Ann: I didn't study and I failed, but I (2) __________(fail) even if I had studied, that's why I decided not to
do it.
Lisa: That's not true. Nobody fails an exam as long as they (3) __________(study).
Ann: That's easy for you to say. If you (4) __________(be) in my shoes, you would think differently.
Sometimes people work hard but they don't get the results they want. It's different for you; for you it's easy
to succeed in whatever you want to succeed.
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Lisa: That's unfair. I wouldn't be where I am today if I (5) __________(work) very hard all these past years.
Dialogue 2
Mother: You can't go out. That's out of question.
Son: Please, mum. Can I go out on condition I (6) __________(do) all my homework before leaving.
Mother: Well, if you (7) __________(do) your homework when I asked you, you would be allowed to go out
now.
Son: But I didn't hear you. If I had heard you, I (8) __________(do) it.
Mother: That's the problem; you never listen. It (9) __________(not hurt) if you listened to me
once in a while. If you (10) __________(do) it more often, your life would be much easier.
Bài 9: Write one word in each space in the following mixed conditional sentences. The word may be a
negative contraction.
1. The children wouldn't have gotten into trouble if they had__________more supervision.
2. The cake__________have turned out better if we had followed the recipe.
3. If the train__________been late, we wouldn't have missed our connection.
4. The dog__________have run away if the people had kept him in the yard.
5. The bear wouldn't have attacked if the man__________come so close to her cubs.
6. If only it__________stop raining!
7. I wish I__________eaten so much!
8. If you__________helped me, I couldn't have finished this project.
9. If the garden were bigger, we__________plant more vegetables.
10. I think you__________do better if you really tried.
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TEST 1
A. PHONETICS
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others.
1. A. metal B. scatter C. package D. math
2. A. self-directed B. compulsory C. pursuit D. choosing
3. A. course B. courtesy C. source D. force
4. A. smell B. press C. melt D. refill
5. A. temptation B. interaction C. hospitality D. adequate
6. A. facilitate B. imitate C. negotiate D. initiative
7. A. those B. clothes C. shopping D. envelope
II. Choose the words that has the different stress from the others.
1. A. polite B. penfriend C. shorthand D. breakdown
2. A. multimedia B. possibility C. telepathy D. interactive
3. A. opportunity B. enthusiasm C. informality D. independently
4. A. average B. candidate C. severely D. applicant
5. A. insurance B. reference C. consider D. available
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms.
1. If I (have) ___________________ time, I will write to him.
2. If it's cold, 1 (need) ____________________ a heavier coat.
3. What are you going to do if you (have) ___________________ a holiday?
4. If I can go tomorrow, I (let) ___________________ you know.
5. If I should meet Helen, I (give) ___________________ her your message.
6. If flowers don't get any water, they (die) ___________________.
7. If I (get) ______________________ a headache, I usually take some aspirins.
8. I will go to the party unless it (rain) ___________________.
9. She will buy the car as long as it (not be) ___________________ too expensive.
10. Everything (be) ___________________ better provided you tell the truth.
11. If he (come) ___________________, please tell him that I'll be back in a few minutes.
12. Don't come if they (not call) ___________________ you.
13. If you (need) ___________________, why don't you tell me?
14. Suppose you (win) ___________________ a lot of money, what would you do?
15. If I got up earlier, I (not be) ___________________ late for work
II. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms.
1. If I didn't feel so tired, I (go) ___________________ out with you.
2. If you (not pass) ___________________ the exam, would you take it again?
3. If I (be) ____________________ you, I would apply for the job.
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5. Acquiring education is a lifelong _____________________, not just confined to schools and colleges.
PROCESSING
6. Recent research suggests that children born to teenage mothers are more likely to be poor, and to receive
inadequate _____________________ and education. HEALTH
7. It is hard to resist the ____________________ to buy a new car, but a used vehicle is much cheaper in the
long run. TEMPT
8. The job of ESL teacher is often described as that of a ____________________ of language use by learners
in the classroom. FACILY
9. In 1968, 80 percent of ____________________ women worked outside the home. EMPLOY
10. You shouldn't live merely in ________________________ of your own happiness. PURSUITING
VI. Each sentence has a mistake find and correct it.
1. How about having dinner and then go to the theater?
2. It's possible store solar energy for a number of days.
3. Our environment has become worse but there are many factors causing from men.
4. My recent electricity bill is enormous so I'm worried in it.
5. She turned on her radio at the lowest in order not to disturb the others at night.
6. The path was made by walkers where crossed the mountains some years ago.
7. Tan and his lovely cat which the police are finding disappeared last week.
8. Let me congratulate you on pass your exam to university
9. The woman who son is excellent in math lives next door to us.
10. Do you find Jack, that is a new student?
VII. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. We all welcome the government's initiative to boost lifelong learning.
A. intention B. initial C. new plan D. prospect
2. His life is a rich source of inspiration for many writers and poets.
A. nuance B. hindrance C. discouragement D. encouragement
3. Lifelong learning can also help amend some of the weaknesses of the education system.
A. correct B. change C. develop D. intensify
4. A good lifelong learner can advance both at work and in life.
A. process B. progress C. precede D. recede
5. If you have the right qualifications and are good at English, you are very likely to get promoted.
A. elevated B. enlightened C. encouraged D. endorsed
6. What is your barrier to lifelong learning?
A. bar B. obstacle C. badge D. motivation
7. I am lucky to have a very supportive supervisor.
A. survivor B. manager C. saver D. protector
8. Upon the project completion, I was transferred to the sales department.
A. moved B. dismissed C. retrained D. translated
9. Our first priority is to offer free education to all people.
A. attention B. help C. concern D. aid
10. It is equal chance for everyone. No one should be given privilege.
A. time B. money C. disadvantage D. advantage
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VIII. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1 What he can't do is to make attendance compulsory, or threaten that non attendance will delay other
qualifications.
A. obligatory B. selective C. required D. mandatory
2. It just gave you a stronger motivation for doing what you already knew was right.
A. discouragement B. emotion C. feeling D. inspiration
3. The plans should remain flexible to accommodate changes in students' needs and circumstances.
A. fixed B. adjustable C. constant D. changeable
4. Having adequate funding is crucial throughout the leaning process.
A. abundant B. enough C. insufficient D. satisfactory
5. If children are inactive most of the time, it is very easy for them to gain weight.
A. put up B. loose C. lose D. put on
6. Those students who fail the National High School exams may want to retake them the following year.
A. pass B. fall C. sit D. take
7. A new school has just been set up for the kids in the area.
A. started B. established C. built D. demolished
8. Thanks to lifelong learning, people's level of awareness has improved significantly.
A. has increased B. has declined C. has gone up D. has bettered
9. The school picnic has been cancelled because of bad weather.
A. called off B. continued C. destroyed D. broken off
10. The teacher asked us to get on with the next exercise and he would be back in a while.
A. finish doing B. start doing C. continue doing D. stop doing
IX. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below.
1. We should do some thing to protect water from being polluted ____ we will have nothing to drink in the
future.
A. if B. whether C. or D. unless
2. Hurry up! They've only got ____ seats left.
A. a few B. a little C. a lot of D. plenty of
3. I hope he doesn't keep us ____.
A. to wait B. waiting C. for waiting D. wait
4. These were the days ____ we were very happy,
A. that B. of which C. about which D. when
5. I turn down the job ____ the attractive salary.
A. because B. because of C. although D. despite
6. The scientists and engineers have become key figures in our modern ____ society.
A. industry B. industrial C. industrialize D. industrialization
7. He asked me ____.
A. since when I waited B. since when I am waiting
C. how long I have been waiting D. how long I had been waiting
8. She remembered the correct address only ____ she had posted the letter.
A. since B. afterward C. following D. after
9. His parents never allowed him ____.
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take opens our minds and brings us to a whole new (3) _________________ of understanding. Next, lifelong
learning gives us the benefit of real perspective and enables us to find true meaning in the hills and valleys of
our (4) ________________.
Today's retirees and people who are about to retire want and demand more from their later years.
They are taking part in educational programmes, traveling all over the world, and offering their expertise to
society through meaningful community (5) _________________.
No one enjoys (6) _________________, and through lifelong learning, older adults are meeting new
people. Lifelong learning is a brilliant way to keep in touch with people, meet new friends, and enjoy life
surrounded by the (7) __________________ of folks who are truly embracing the excitement of our later
years.
We base everything on the belief that our capacity to learn and grow does not (8) ________________
as our years increase. Through academic learning, we (9) ________________ our awareness, embrace self-
fulfillment, and truly (10) ________________ an exciting multi-dimensional life.
III. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each
of the questions from 1 to 8.
Successful students often do the followings while studying. First, they have an overview before
reading. Next, they look for important information and pay greater attention to it (which often needs jumping
forward or backward to process information). They also relate important points to one another. Also, they
activate and use their prior knowledge. When they realize that their understanding is not good, they do not
wait to change strategies. Last, they can monitor understanding and take action to correct or "fix up"
mistakes in comprehension.
Conversely students with low academic achievement often demonstrate ineffective study skills. They
tend to assume a passive role in learning and rely on others (eg, teachers, parents) to monitor their studying,
for example, low achieving students often do not monitor their understanding of content they may not be
aware of the purpose of studying, and they show little evidence of looking back, or employing "fix-up
strategies to fix understanding problems. Students who struggle with learning new information seem to be
unaware that they must extent effort beyond simply reading the content to understand and remember it.
Children with learning disabilities do not plan and judge the quality of their studying. Their studying may be
disorganized. Students with learning problems face challenges with personal organization as well. They
often have difficulty keeping track of materials and assignments, following directions, and completing work
on time. Unlike good studiers who employ a variety of study skills in a flexible yet purposeful manner, low-
achieving students use a restricted range of study skills. They cannot explain why good study strategies are
important for learning, and they tend to use the same, often ineffective study approach for all learning tasks,
ignoring task content, structure or difficulty.
1. In compared with low-achieving students, successful students use ____.
A. aimless study techniques B. various study skills
C. restricted strategies D. inflexible study ways
2. The underlined pronoun "They" in the last sentence refers to ____.
A. study strategies B. study skills C. low-achieving students D. good studiers
3. The word "prior" in the first paragraph is closest meaning to ____.
A. important B. earlier C. forward D. good
4. Which of the following could best replace the word "Conversely" in paragraph 2?
A. On the contrary B. In contrast C. On the other hand D. all are correct
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2. What does the author probably mean by using the expression “children interrupt their education to go
to school” in paragraph 1?
A. Going to several different schools is educationally beneficial.
B. School vacations interrupt the continuity of the school year.
C. Summer school makes the school year too long.
D. All of people's life is an education.
3. The word "chance" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. unexpected B. usual C. passive D. lively
4. The word "they" in paragraph 3 refers ____.
A. slices of reality B. similar textbooks C. boundaries D. seats
5. The phrase "For example" in paragraph 3, introduces a sentence that gives examples of ____.
A. similar textbooks. B. the results of schooling.
C. the workings of a government. D. the boundaries of the subjects.
6. The passage support which of the following conclusions?
A. Without formal education, people would remain ignorant.
B. Education systems need to be radically reformed.
C. Going to school is only part of how people become educated.
D. Education involves many years of professional training.
7. The passage is organized by ____.
A. listing and discussing several educational problems.
B. contrasting the meanings of two related words.
C. narrating a story about excellent teacher.
D. giving examples of different kinds of schools.
8. The writer seem to agree that ____.
A. Schooling is more important than education.
B. Education is not as important as schooling.
C. Schooling is unlimited and more informal.
D. Education is more influential than schooling.
D. WRITING
I. Rewrite these sentences, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same.
1. I don't buy it because I don't have enough money.
If I
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. I didn't buy it because I didn't have enough money.
I would
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. There was a test yesterday. I didn't know that, so I didn't study for it.
If I
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. I'm busy right now, so I can't help you.
I could
______________________________________________________________________________
5. He's very thin, that's why he feels the cold so much.
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If he
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. I didn't eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now.
If I
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. If John had played for our football team, we would not have lost the game.
Unless
______________________________________________________________________________
8. If I won a big prize in a lottery, I'd give up my job.
Unless
______________________________________________________________________________
9. If you don't like this one, I'll bring you another.
Unless
______________________________________________________________________________
10. I'll only help you if you promise to try harder.
Unless
______________________________________________________________________________
11. If she doesn't work harder, she'll lose her job.
She'll
_______________________________________________________________________________
12. You can use my car, but have to keep it carefully.
Provided
____________________________________________________________________________
13. If the work is finished by lunch, you can go home.
Get
________________________________________________________________________________
14. Keeping calm is the secret of passing your driving test.
As long as
___________________________________________________________________________
15. You must work harder or you won't pass the exam.
You won't
___________________________________________________________________________
II. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second ones have the same meaning as the given
sentence.
1. I spent 2 hours trying to learn how to use the washing machine.
It
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. "Come on, give it a try, Hannah!" said her friend.
Hannah's friend
_______________________________________________________________________
3. It was completely wrong of you to leave the children near all those wild animals like that.
You should
__________________________________________________________________________
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8. She took advantage of our ______________________ and stayed a whole month without paying us
anything. HOSPITAL
9. Adults who are _____________________ enough will overcome the barriers of lifelong learning.
MOTIVATIVE
10. The young worker showed a lot of ______________________ in making an important decision that was
required while his boss was unavailable. INITIATE
V. Give the right tense or form of these following verbs.
1. Would your children mind (keep) _____________________
quiet for a moment. I'm trying (fill) _____________________
in a form
2. Many people still refuse to believe that smoking is (harm) _____________________.
3. I don't like that film. It is very (bore) _____________________.
4. Picture books are very (help) _____________________ in developing children's habit of reading.
5. His (behave) _____________________ has not improved much.
6. The (pure) _____________________ of water will be tested.
7. Sleeping all, eating too much and never going out is (health) _____________________.
8. To drive fast at an intersection is (danger) _____________________.
9. Magnets will (attractive) _____________________ most metals.
10. She is a (collect) _____________________ of theater programmers.
VI. Choose the underlined words which need correcting then correct the mistake.
1. She asked me if I live in Hanoi.
A B C D
2. If you work hard, you would get good marks.
A B C D
3. A meeting will held next week by the committee.
A B C D
4. Mrs. Lien, whom sings very well, is my teacher of English.
A B C D
5. The boys are playing soccer over there are from class 9A.
A B C D
6. I really wish we can make a trip around the world.
A B C D
7. Don't ask me. If I knew the answer, I will tell you right now.
A B C D
8. If today was Sunday, we could spend a day out in the country.
A B C D
9. Listen to the weather forecast. It says that it would rain tonight.
A B C D
10. The man whom was televised last night is the principle of our school.
A B C D
VII. Fill in the blank with a suitable word in the box.
Education plays a vital (1) ____ in the development of humanity and society. It directly influences a
nation's prosperity, awareness of the world, and ability to change. (2) ____ the tradition of academic
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excellence in Vietnam and respecting the national education and progressive ideas of the ancestors, President
Ho Chi Minh said: "For the sake of ten years, plant trees, for the sake of 100 years, cultivate people".
President Ho Chi Minh's education philosophy (3) ____ his own (4) ____ concepts. He said,
"Learning is a lifelong ambition. No one can claim to know enough or know all". President Ho Chi Minh
was an example of the spirit of lifelong learning: "I am now 71 years old, but I still keep learning every day".
UNESCO (5) ____ a new slogan of "lifelong learning" in 1996. However, President Ho Chi Minh
introduced this idea of "lifelong learning" 35 years earlier. The purpose of this comparison highlights the fact
that many aspects of Ho Chi Minh's educational philosophy have (6) ____ unchanged because they are so
visionary.
In 1996, UNESCO proposed four pillars of education for the twenty-first century, which are: "learn
to have knowledge, learn to work, learn to live together, and learn to (7) ____ personality". These four pillars
can be (8) ____ as the truth and philosophy of education around the world in the modern era. In fact, these
principles were also proposed by President Ho Chi Minh in September of 1949, on the front page of The
Yellow Book, when he (9) ____ Nguyen Ai Quoc National School: "Learn to work, learn to humans, and to
be cadres. Learn to serve the masses and all classes of people, for the fatherland and mankind." Such a
statement reveals the incredible insight of Ho Chi Minh's philosophy and its (10) ____ in the face of global
change and national renewal.
1. A. learner B. keeper C. user D. role
2. A. Acknowledging B. Taking C. Processing D. Reciting
3. A. found B. realized C. offered D. made
4. A. live B. lively C. livable D. visionary
5. A. recognized B. proposed C. remembered D. foretold
6. A. determined B. provided C. remained D. pulled
7. A. shape B. promote C. encourage D. teach
8. A. voluntary B. improved C. directed D. seen
9. A. approved B. visited C. believed D. taken
10. A. access B. availability C. persistence D. responsibility
VIII. Choose the best answer to complete the text.
heightens reminded motivated alive preparation
seeker absorbing drive accepted cradle
Becoming a (1) __________________ of lifelong learning is critical in today's fast-changing world.
Learning is not only a matter of (2) ____________________ information but a process of developing many
other internal skills, like curiosity, perseverance, and the ability to tackle tough challenges.
Thanks to research in neuroscience and human development, scientists can now explain how learning
happens from (3) __________________ to grave. It turns out that lifelong learning is a natural part of being
(4) __________________.
When we think of scholars like Socrates, Einstein, or Aristotle, we are (5) ___________________ of
great learners and their eternal quest for knowledge. But how do we develop the quest for lifelong learning in
children and teens - the internal (6) ____________________ that propels them to embrace the practice of
learning throughout a lifetime?
As children develop toward adolescence, changes occur in the brain that (7)
_______________________
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their abilities to learn. Teens become capable of thinking more critically, solving more complex problems,
and weighing difficult decisions. But in order to utilize these new abilities for lifelong learning teens must be
internally (8) __________________. They must learn because it feels good, not just because they want to get
(9) ___________________ at a good college. The (10) ___________________ for lifelong learning starts at
a young age.
IX. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.
If parents bring up a child with the sole aim of turning the child into a genius, they will cause a
disaster. According to several leading educational psychologists, this is one of the biggest mistakes which
ambitious parents make. Generally, the child will be only too aware of what his parents expect, and will fail.
Unrealistic parental expectations can cause great damage to children.
However, if parents are not too unrealistic about what they expect their children to do, but are
ambitious in a sensible way, the child may succeed in doing very well - especially if the parents are very
supportive of their child.
Michael Collins is very lucky. He is crazy about music, and his parents help him a lot by taking him
to concerts and arranging private piano and violin lessons for him. They even drive him 50 kilometers twice
a week for violin lessons. Michael's mother knows very little about music, but his father plays the trumpet in
a large orchestra. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.
Winston Smith, Michael's friend, however, is not so lucky. Both his parents are successful musicians,
and they set too high a standard for Winston. They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they
enter him for every piano competition held. They are very unhappy when he does not win. Winston is always
afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.
1. One of the serious mistakes parents can make is to ____.
A. push their child into trying too much. B. help their child to become a genius.
C. make their child become a musician. D. neglect their child's education.
2. Who have criticized the methods of some ambitious parents?
A. Successful musicians. B. Unrealistic parents.
C. Their children. D. Educational psychologists.
3 Michael Collins is fortunate in that ____.
A. his father is a musician. B. his parents are quite rich.
C. his parents help him in a sensible way. D. his mother knows little about music.
4 The phrase "crazy about" in the paragraph 3 mostly means ____.
A. surprised at B. extremely interested in
C. completely unaware of D. confused about
5. Winston's parents push their son so much and he
A. has won a lot of piano competitions. B. cannot learn much music from them.
C. has become a good musician. D. is afraid to disappoint them.
6. The word "They" in the paragraph 3 refers to ____.
A. Michael's parents B. violin lessons C. parents in general D. concerts
7. All of the following people are musical EXCEPT ____.
A. Winston's father B. Winston's mother C. Michael's father D. Michael's mother
8. The two examples given in the passage illustrate the principle that
A. successful parents always have intelligent children.
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Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined
word(s) in each of the following questions.
43. The teacher asked us to get on with the next exercise and he would be back in a while.
A. finish doing B. start doing C. continue doing D . stop doing
44. Those students who fail the National High School exams may want to retake them the following year.
A. pass B. fall C. sit D. take
45. Thanks to lifelong learning, people's level of awareness has improved significantly.
A. has increased B. has declined C. has gone up D. has bettered
46. The teacher is going to a conference next week, so our presentation will be put off.
A. delayed B. deferred C. carried out D. cancelled
47. A new school has just been set up for the kids in the area.
A. started B. established C. built D. demolished
48. Unnecessary components should be removed from the current program to reduce the workload for school
students.
A. added B. taken away C. taken off D. abolished
49. The school picnic has been cancelled because of bad weather.
A. called off B. continued C. destroyed D. broken off
50. If children are inactive most of the time, it is very easy for them to gain weight.
A. put up B. loose C. lose D. put on
Part III. GRAMMAR
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
the following questions.
51. If I hadn't miss the bus, I would have come at least 20 minutes earlier.
A B C D
52. If you had phoned me before I left home, I would brought you the textbook.
A B C D
53. If we had register earlier, we would have been selected for the job offers.
A B C D
54. If you hadn't made that mistake, you will have passed your test.
A B C D
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55. If I had my mobile yesterday, I could have contacted and informed you about the last-minute cancellation
of
A B C D
the seminar.
56. If you had studied hard, you wouldn't failed the exam.
A B C D
57. If I hadn't been too late for the exam, I might be allowed to enter the examination room.
A B C D
58. I would have enroll on an online course if I had had enough money.
A B C D
59. We might have gone to the Science Fair if we knew about it happened.
A B C D
60. If we had drop school so early, we wouldn't have had enough knowledge of the school subjects.
A B C D
61. If you had come to class last week, you might have join in the discussion on air pollution.
A B C D
62. If I had listened to my parents, I wouldn't have been in so much trouble now.
A B C D
63. I don't know your phone number. If I had known it, I would have called you last night.
A B C D
64. If I have studied English earlier, I could have read this book several years ago.
A B C D
65. If a meteor hadn't struck the Earth, the dinosaurs didn't become extinct.
A B C D
66. If they had win the lottery last summer, they would have bought a new car.
A B C D
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
67. If I hadn't stayed up so late last night, I ____ so tired this morning.
A. don't feel B. felt C. didn't feel D. wouldn't have felt
68. ____ in terrible trouble right now if you hadn't helped me.
A. am B. will be C. would be D. would have been
69. If I had a computer, I ____ the assignment last night.
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much more than acquiring skills such as (110) ____ children or car maintenance. But why is it? Why
do they neglect to teach (111) ____ skills at school?
One answer may be that schools don't (112) ____ to help us gain useful knowledge about the world.
At school, what we are (113) ____ learning is how to learn effectively. The idea is that we can then
(114) ____ use of that ability later on in life when we come to deal (115) ____ more practical aspects
of day-to-day living.
However, some people argue that the (116) ____ system is in fact a failure because it doesn't actually
teach children how to become good thinkers. Learning how to learn is one thing. Learning how to
learn is one thing. Learning how to think is (117) ____ another.
106. A. glance B. sight C. look D. eye
107. A. cost B. value C. worth D. price
108. A. strain B. stress C. emphasis D. emphasise
109. A. qualifications B. skills C. qualities D. personalities
110. A. increasing B. rising C. growing D. raising
111. A. practice B. practical C. impractical D. imperfect
112. A. prospect B. exit C. exist D. insist
113. A. actually B. factually C. gradually D. virtually
114. A. work B. do C. take D. make
115. A. at B. with C. on D. to
116. A. corruptive B. concurrent C. current D. currency
117. A. quite B. quit C. quiet D. quietly
Exercise 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
During my last couple of years as a student here at Union High, I have noticed that there is nothing to
do during our occasional free periods. Hanging around in the hallways or in the library with friends
isn't productive or relaxing. The student body council noticed this as well and brought it to the
attention of Mr. Swanson and the rest of the faculty. A meeting to discuss the issue occurred last
Friday, February 10th, in the all - school meeting room.
The faculty not only agreed that there wasn't much to do during these free periods, but also seemed
determined to find a solution. The student body council and the faculty talked about different ideas
for a long time. The faculty had noticed that some students don't like using their free periods for
studying. Instead, they spend their time disrupting the students who want to study by being noisy in
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the library. By the end of the meeting, the faculty had decided to put a pool table and a ping pong
table in our student lobby at the start of next semester.
I know some people will be concerned about getting their work done with these potential distractions,
but I believe this will help us all in enjoying our time at school. I agree that it's important to complete
our work but it is just as important to enjoy ourselves and to relax with our friends. School is already
such a stressful place. It makes many students feel worried and anxious. We want our school to be a
friendly place so that students want to come every day. Students should remember that this change
will make the library a lot quieter. Because of this, the students who want to study will be able to do
so in peace.
To all the students at Union High, I sincerely hope that you enjoy the new additions to our lobby.
Hopefully, they will make our free periods a lot more relaxing. If you happen to have one of the
same free periods as I do, then please challenge me to a game of pool!
118. What is the text mostly about?
A. Another choice for free periods at Union High
B. A chance to study in peace at Union High library
C. How students at Union High spend their free periods
D. A meeting at Union High about its new facilities
119. What is the meeting on February 10th about?
A. Students hanging around freely during free periods.
B. Ineffective time at the Union High library.
C. Finding a solution to spending free periods effectively.
D. Maintaining disciplines at Union High school.
Bolo 120. In paragraph 2, the word they refers to ____.
A. faculty members B. some students C. students' parents D. council
members
121. In paragraph 2, the word disrupting is closest in meaning to ____.
A. fighting B. insulting C. corrupting D. interrupting
122. According to the author, new facilities ____.
A. make the school a stressful place B. make students worried
C. bring anxiety to students' parents D. make students relaxed during free periods
123. In paragraph 4, the word they refers to ____.
A. free periods B. our friends C. new additions D. all the students
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Exercise 10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to
each of the questions.
Twenty-five students from Walling School are currently living in France. They are there for three
months as part of a living-abroad project. The 16- and 17-year-old students are living with French
families and attending a French school. Most of the students have taken French language classes for 3
or 4 years and are finally getting an opportunity to use their French.
Not only are students learning a new language, but they are learning about a new culture, too.
Students have been particularly surprised about the French attitude towards food. "They won't leave
anything on their plate," says Vanessa Athol. “They aren't wasteful at all.” Vanessa has vowed to be
more careful with waste when returning to the United States.
The group's chaperone, Mrs. Smith, has been pleased with the students' acquisition of language.
"Even the most timid are trying their best to speak. The students are learning a lot. I'm very
impressed," she said. Mrs. Smith added that she thinks living with a French family makes a
difference because students are forced to speak French. “We are all very grateful to the French
families who are hosting us.”
The French families are happy to have the students, as they are getting to learn about American
culture. Both groups will be celebrating the exchange at a large potluck dinner at the end of the stay.
There will be a slide show of memories and the students will speak about their experiences.
Currently, the American students are periodically posting pictures and student essays on the Walling
School website. "Living in France is an experience I'll never forget," writes student Tina Davis. "I
know I'll want to eat these croissants and this Camembert for the rest of my life!"
124. Which title would be the most suitable for this article?
A. French Families Love America
B. Student Tina Davis Lives in France
C. Walling School Website Posts Student Essays
D. Walling School Students Stay Abroad in France
125. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Students from Walling School are now staying in the USA.
B. These students are immigrants from the USA.
C. Walling School students are now staying with French families.
D. Walling School students are applying for jobs in France.
126. What can be implied about the culture in France?
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D. Unless you tell me about the changes in the timetable, I won't notice.
135. I wouldn't accept if you asked me to do the assignment for you.
A. If you were to ask me to do the assignment for you, I wouldn't accept.
B. If you ask me to do the assignment for you, I will accept.
C. If you ask me to do the assignment for you, I won't accept.
D. Unless you ask me to do the assignment for you, I won't accept.
136. If I had known the reason why she was absent from class, I would have told you.
A. I knew the reason why she was absent from class, but I didn't tell you.
B. Unless I knew the reason why she was absent from class, I wouldn't tell you.
C. I didn't know the reason why she was absent from class, so I didn't tell.
D. Although I knew the reason why she was absent from class, I didn't tell you.
137. If my company hadn't employed me, I couldn't have got such valuable real-world experience from my
professional colleagues.
A. Unless my company had employed me, I could have got professional real-world experience from
my professional colleagues.
B. Even my company had employed me, I couldn't have got valuable real-world experience from my
professional colleagues.
C. I couldn't have got valuable real-world experience from my professional colleagues because my
company hadn't employed me.
D. Because my company had employed me, I could have got valuable real-world experience from my
professional colleagues.
138. Lisa couldn't continue her university course now if she hadn't received financial support from her uncle
last year.
A. Lisa hadn't received financial support from her uncle, so she couldn’t continue her university
course.
B. Lisa received financial support from her uncle last year, so she can continue her university course
now.
C. If Lisa had received financial support from her uncle last year, she could continue her university
course now.
D. Even Lisa hadn't received financial support from her uncle, she could continue her university
course.
139. If my dad hadn't kept educating himself continuously, he wouldn't be a really successful man now.
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A. My dad has kept educating himself continuously, so he is a really successful man now.
B. My dad hasn't kept educating himself continuously, so he isn't really successful.
C. My dad is a really successful man now, but he hasn't kept educating himself continuously.
D. Although my dad hasn't kept educating himself continuously, he is a really successful man now.
Exercise 12. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of
sentences in the following questions.
140. Mary did not put any effort into learning English. She cannot speak with foreign partners
in this project now.
A. Even Mary put great effort into learning English, she cannot speak with the foreign partners in this
project now.
B. Mary did not put any effort into learning English, but she can speak with the foreign partners in
this project now.
C. Although Mary did not put any effort into learning English, she couldn't speak with the foreign
partners in this project.
D. If Mary had put her effort into learning English, she could speak with the foreign partners in this
project now.
141. My younger sister was so excited to learn new things after work. She is in a cake baking class now.
A. My younger sister wasn't so excited to learn new things after work, so she was in a cake baking
class now.
B. If my younger sister hadn't been so excited to learn new things after work, she would not be in a
cake baking class now.
C. My younger sister wasn't so excited to learn new things after work, so she wasn't in a cake baking
class now.
D. My sister wasn't in a cake baking class now because she wasn't excited to learn new things after
work.
142. My dad had a wide range of practical life skills. He could solve most problems by himself.
A. If my dad hadn't had a wide range of practical life skills, he couldn't have solved most problems
by himself.
B. Because my dad hadn't had a wide range of practical life skills, he couldn't have solved most
problems by himself.
C. Since my dad didn't have a wide range of practical life skills, he couldn't solve most problems by
himself.
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D. If my dad had a wide range of practical life skills, he couldn't solve most problems by himself.
143. The subjects at high school were not really relevant to the real world. I cannot apply
that knowledge in my job now.
A. If the subjects at high school are more relevant to the real world, I can apply that knowledge in my
job now.
B. If the subjects at high school were more relevant to the real world, I could apply that knowledge in
my job now.
C. The subjects at high school were relevant to the real world, so I can apply that knowledge in my
job now.
D. If the subjects at high school had been more relevant to the real world, I could apply that
knowledge in my job now.
144. My sister didn't have enough money for learning after college. She can't get a Bachelor of Science
degree now.
A. If my sister had enough money for learning after college, she could get a Bachelor of Science
degree now.
B. If my sister had had enough money for learning after college, she could get a Bachelor of Science
degree now.
C. If my sister has enough money for learning after college, she can get a Bachelor of Science degree
now.
D. Although my sister didn't have enough money for learning after college, she could get a Bachelor
of Science degree.
145. My elder brother was interested in improving his management skills. He becomes so
successful now.
A. If my elder brother wasn't interested in improving his management skills, he could not become so
successful now.
B. If my elder brother isn't interested in improving his management skills, he cannot become so
successful now.
C. If my elder brother hadn't been interested in improving his management skills, he could not
become so successful now.
D. Even though my elder brother wasn't interested in improving his management skills, he has
become so successful now.
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