Definition of Evaluation

Evaluation may be defined as

The systematic collection and interpretation of
evidence, leading to a judgment of value
intended to produce action.
(Worthen and Sanders.1996)
Techniques of Evaluation
Response sheets
Questionnaire
Interviews
Committees and Panels
Critical Incident Review
Repertory Grid
Action Plan Review
Written Test
Practical Test
Behaviour Observation
Cost benefit Analysis
Timing of Training Assessment
Response Sheets
A favorite method in western nations is the
response sheets handed out at the end of
course. Having a yes/no response makes the
analysis easy but scaled responses, based on
Likert type options, produces more useful
data.
Interviews
Interviews can replace the written words, as
participants pass on verbally their views and
they are recorded, either in writing a t that
time by the interviewer or an audio tape for
later analysis.
Committees and Panels
Committees are one useful techniques for the
process of evolution. It is elected internally or
externally based on experts focus on comments,
suggestions and criticism.
A committee is drawn from participants in a
program whereas a panel is drawn from
outsiders. The panel can provide information, or
as it may be appropriately termed in these
circumstances feedback, to both the learners,
instructors and program managers.
Needs Priority Objective
Identifications Setting Settings


Specifications of Learners



Design and Development of
Training (Curriculum methods and media)



Delivery of Training



Reinforcement
of Learning

Fig,3.1 The Training Cycle (Linear Version)
Needs Priority Objective
Identifications Setting Settings


Specifications of Learners



Design and Development of
Training (Curriculum methods and media)


Delivery of Training



Reinforcement
Evaluation of Learning

Fig,3.2 The Training Cycle (with evaluation feedback)
Figure 3.2 shows the loop completed
by the element of evaluation . In and
ideal world, evaluation would not be
necessary because all training would
be perfectly designed, skilfully
implemented and thoroughly
reinforced in the workplace. Even in
the real world, much can be done to
minimize the need for evaluation,
through properly considered training
design. This chapter covers the
fundamentals of effective design,
drawing upon the authors

FORMATIVE EVALUATION/ PROCESS EVALUATION
Formative evaluation is concerned with judgments made during the design and
or development of a programme which are directed towards modifying ,
forming or otherwise improving the programme before it is completed. I t is
used to monitor learning progress during instruction and to provide continuous
feedback to both pupil and teacher concerning learning successes and failures.

MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS : The formative Evaluation.
1. Formative evaluation is done during an instructional programme.
2.The instructional programme should aim at the attainment of certain objectives
during the implementation of the programme also.
3. It is done to monitor learning and modifying the programme if needed before its
completion.
4. It is for current students .
5. Relatively focuses on molecular analysis.
6. Interested in broader experiences of the programme users.
7. Design is exploratory and flexible.
8. Tends to ignore the local effects of particular programme.
9. Seeks to identify influential variables .
10. It requires analysis of instructional material for mapping the hierarchal structure
of the learning task and actual teaching of the course for a certain period.
DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Diagnostic evaluation is a highly specialized procedure. It is concerned
with the persistent or recurring learning difficulties that are left unresolved
by the standard corrective prescriptions of formative evaluation. If pupil
continues to experience failure in reading mathematics or other subjects
despite the use of prescribed alternate methods of instruction.
BROAD DIFFERENCES B/W FORAMATIVE AND
SUMMATIVE EVALUATION
CHARACTERISTICS FORMATIVE SUMMATIVE
Puropse To monitor progress of
students by getting
feedback
Check final status of
students

Content focus narrow
scope
Detailed General Broad Scope
Methods Daily assignments
project
Tests
Frequency Daily Weekly, Quarterly etc