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BOARD OF ADVANCED STUDIES AND

RESEARCH CECOS UNIVERSITY OF
IT AND EMERGING SCIENCES

SUMMARY OF RESEARCH PROPOSAL FOR MSC DEGREE
PROGRAMME
Name and ID of Student: TAYYABA GUL TAREEN, CU-317-2010
Department: ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING.
Date of registration in the MSC degree program: 2010
Major area of study: COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Different Modules studied:
1. Antenna Theory.
5. Wireless communication.
2. Computer and Telecom network. 6. Advanced DSP.
3. Advanced Data Communication. 7. Advanced Data Comm.
4. Numerical analysis. 8. Adaptive filter theory.

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Summary of research proposal
1) Research topic:
Improving the Efficiency of CELP based GSM CODEC
2) INTRODUCTION:
The speech communication is the most dominant and common service in
wire and wireless telecommunication network. The speech coding
technology advances in past two decades. Most contemporary speech codecs
are based on the Code Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) coding
paradigm. Examples of such codecs are ITU G.729 [1] and G.723.1 [2],
GSM-EFR, and 3GPP-AMR
The CELP or Code Excited Linear Prediction codec is a vocoder algorithm
that was originally proposed in 1985 and gave a significant improvement
over other voice codecs of the day. The basic principle of the CELP codec
has been developed and used as the basis of other voice codecs including
ACELP, RCELP, VSELP, etc. As such the CELP codec methodology is
now the most widely used speech coding algorithm.
The CELP technique is based on three ideas:
1. The use of a linear prediction (LP) model to model the vocal tract

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2. The use of (adaptive and fixed) codebook entries as input (excitation) of the
LP model
3. The search performed in closed-loop in a ``perceptually weighted domain'' .
3) PROBLEM:
As the performance of a CELP codec is hence heavily dependent on the
history of previous encoding. The CELP coders are memory based and
consequently error propagation results from lost or delayed packets. This
obviously is a major drawback for packet-switched communication since the
result is that a single lost packet affects the quality of many future packets.
The process of determination of the filter coefficients introduces high
delays (cf. PCM codecs) The delay of a speech codec is defined as the time
from when a speech sample arrives at the input of its encoder to when the
corresponding sample is produced at the output of its decoder, this delay will
be of the order of 50 to 100 ms, and such a high delay can cause problems.
As the improvement is more significant at high bit-rate due to the
availability of more bits but our aim is to enhance the overall performance.




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4. OBJECTIVES:
The main objection of my research work will focus the topic mention below,
1. Enhancing the efficiency of CELP CODEC by incorporating changes in
existing models leading to a more stable efficient communication model
2. Performing a comprehensive performance analysis using various parameters
that exist under various GSM network communication scenarios.
5. METHODOLOGY:
A. Literature Review
B. Selection of Models and Proposed changes
C. Incorporating proposed changes in models to increase efficiency
D. Performance analysis performed in Matlab
E. Writing Project Thesis

study of
project
Literature
Review
Selection of
data
Simulation
performed in
Matlab
Comparison of
Simulation
results
Writing
Project Thesis

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Literature review:
Ming Yang [3] explained the objective of speech coding to achieve toll quality
performance at minimum bit rate and to improve the efficiency of transmission and
storage, reduce cost, increase security and robustness in transmission.
Jean-Marc Valin and Christopher Montgomery [4] improved the noise shaping of
CELP using a more modern psychoacoustic model, without the need to change the
bit-stream. The results show a significant increase in quality, especially at high bit-
rates, where the improvement is equivalent to a 20% reduction in bit-rate.
spanias,A.S [5] gave a suggested overview of speech coding methodologies with
emphasis on those algorithms that are part of the recent low-rate standards for
cellular communications, Including brief discussion on the speech properties and
performance measures, with description of different types of codecs.
Typically, audio codecs offer either low delay or high quality, but rarely both. A
new codec that simultaneously addresses both these requirements, with a delay of
only 8.7 ms at 44.1 kHz explain by Jean-Marc Valin et all. [6].
Contribution to the field:
The research work proposed can contribute effectively to reduce the computing
complexity as trying all possible bit combinations for CELP stream can lead to

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requirement of extensive computing power and it may still result in error due to
strict selection criterion.
In this proposed research, various practical cases will be explored to provide an
optimal specified solution.
Reference
[1] International Telecommunications Union, Standardization Sector (ITU-T),
Study Group 15 (1993-1996), Recommendation G.729, March 1996
[2] Sipro Lab Telecom (2006-10-29). "G.723.1, the highest ITU-T compression
ratio". Archive.org. Retrieved 2009-09-17.
[3] Ming Yang,low bit rate speech coding ,potential of the IEEE,vol .23,no. 4,
oct-nov.2004, pp.32-36.
[4] Jean-Marc Valin and Christopher Montgomery, Improved Noise Weighting in
CELP Coding of Speech - Applying the Vorbis Psychoacoustic Model To Speex,
potential of AES 120th Convention, Paris, France, 2006 May 20.23.
[5] spanias,A.S., speech coding : a tutorial review, proceedings of the IEEE,
vol.82,Issue:10,oct .1994,pp.1541-1582.

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[6] Jean-Marc Valin, Timothy B. Terriberry, Christopher Montgomery, Gregory
Maxwell, A High-Quality Speech and Audio Codec With Less Than 10 ms
Delay, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 58-67, 2010

`Work schedule / Time plan / Milestones:
Literature Review 4 weeks
Tests and completion of results 6 weeks
Thesis writing 4 weeks


Proposed Starting Date: April 2011
Expected Date Of Completion: August 2011

Signature of
candidate
Dated:

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Supervisor
Name: Prof Dr Mohammad Inayatullah Khan
Signature:_______________


Recommendation By The Committee Members:

1.Name
Signature_____________
2.Name
Signature_____________
3.Name.
Signature_____________



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Approval by the Director Post Graduate Studies:
Name:
Signature_____________
Dated:.